DE102019219013A1 - LED LAMP FOR OPERATION IN A FLASHING VEHICLE DIRECTION DISPLAY AND LIGHTING DEVICE AND USE OF THE LAMP IN SUCH - Google Patents

Abstract

An LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 "), preferably for operation in a vehicle, comprises: a base (4, 4', 4") with an electrical connection (6a, 6b) which can be mechanically locked in a suitable receptacle of a lighting device is set up; a substrate (9), in particular a printed circuit board, with at least one main surface (14, 16) and an electrical circuit (40) which can be supplied with power via the electrical connection (6a, 6b); at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10 ') arranged on the substrate (9) and operated by the electrical circuit (40); and at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') arranged on the substrate (9) and operated by the electrical circuit (40). The electrical circuit (40) is set up to reduce the emission of the light generated by the at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') by one compared to the emission of the light generated by the at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10') to delay a predetermined time difference in order to achieve a dynamic lighting effect in relation to the entire LED lamp for the outside viewer. The LED lamp can preferably be used in a pulsed-operated lighting device, such as for the blinker operation in a motor vehicle.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to an LED lamp for operation, preferably in a vehicle direction change indicator set up to blink. The invention also relates to a lighting device for such a lamp and the use of the lamp in such a lighting device.

State of the art

Direction change indicators such as the turn signals used in motor vehicles are increasingly being equipped with energy-saving and, at the same time, powerful LED lamps. When blinking - for example when warning lights or to indicate a turning maneuver, etc. - all LED lamps of the correspondingly controlled lighting device are generally supplied by a central control unit with a number of voltage pulses which then each correspond to the blinking pulses.

Recently, so-called LED running lights have been introduced which additionally cause a dynamic or wiping effect during the flashing process. Examples are vehicles from the Audi brand. The LED lamps are arranged essentially horizontally in strips or bands, whereby e.g. when turning to the right, the LED lamps are initially only activated at the left end and, based on this, the activation continues lamp by lamp to the right. This process is repeated with each blinking pulse. Viewed from the outside, the other road user takes the displayed process - here: the intended turn - which was much more intuitive and much faster due to the dynamics, which can certainly increase traffic safety. However, the LED lamps are precisely time-shifted by the control unit and individually controlled or supplied with voltage.

Older vehicles, on the other hand, are still equipped with conventional or at least mixed lighting devices in which operation with incandescent lamps is provided. A single direction change indicator or blinker usually has a mounting of a predetermined standard as a lighting device, e.g. for a PY21W base of a single incandescent lamp in the device.

But here too, the advantages of LED technology such as the lack of flashing and going out transitions with pulsed light, especially in turn signals, the lower power consumption, the low wear and tear, the longer service life, the possible dispensing with colored glazing (e.g. orange for turn signals or red for tail lights or brakes) etc., so-called retrofit lamps in LED technology have also been used in this area. This means that modern, powerful LED lamps can be built into the corresponding receptacles, which are provided with bases of the correspondingly standardized conventional base types (e.g. PY21W etc.) for this purpose. These can in particular also be exchangeable again, also by the simple user.

A flatness of the light emitted by the lighting device is achieved in the conventional case by reflectors which reflect the light emitted by the more or less punctiform light source into a wide solid angle. The individual point-shaped light source is either switched off or on, so that dynamic effects such as the wiping effect cannot be achieved with conventional halogen lamps.

Presentation of the invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an LED lamp for operation, preferably in a vehicle direction change display set up for flashing, which allows improved visualization of the display even in the case of only a single lamp receptacle. It is also or alternatively a task to enable a dynamic light flow effect even in the case of retrofit LED lamps.

The object is achieved by an LED lamp with the features of claim 1, a pair of LED lamps with the features of claim 12, a lighting device with the features of claim 13 and by using the LED lamp with the features of claim 14 .

The invention also relates in particular to an LED lamp which is preferably set up for operation in or on a vehicle and which comprises a base with an electrical connection, the base being set up for mechanical locking in a suitable receptacle of a lighting device. The lighting device can be, for example, a vehicle direction change indicator or a vehicle blinker.

The LED lamp also has a substrate in the form of a printed circuit board with at least one main surface. Furthermore, an electrical circuit is provided which can be supplied with power via the electrical connection, for example from a voltage source on the vehicle.

On the substrate - and in particular on its main surface - at least one first LED arranged thereon is also provided. The at least one first LED is operated by the electrical circuit.

Furthermore, at least one second LED is also arranged on the substrate in a similar manner. This at least one second LED is also operated by the electrical circuit. The at least one second LED is, for example, positionally different from the first LED on the substrate. The electrical circuit thus acts as a driver for the two position-different LEDs or groups of LEDs. The electrical circuit set up as a driver is now configured in such a way that it delays the emission of the light generated by the at least one second LED by a predetermined time difference compared to the emission of the light generated by the at least one first LED. In the same lamp, or more precisely: in the same lamp unit, at least two LEDs are consequently treated differently with respect to the time of their emission: one LED emits a predetermined time difference later than the other. The time difference can be implemented by suitably interconnected components, in particular energy stores such as capacitors or inductors, in the electrical circuit in relation to the LEDs being operated.

Because different switch-on times of the radiation are realized at different positions on the substrate, a dynamic lighting effect for the outside viewer can be achieved as a particular advantage of the present invention due to the radiation in the direction of different areas of the reflectors in the relevant lighting device.

Additionally or alternatively, the at least one first and the at least one second LED can also emit light with different color values. The dynamic effect can then also consist of a temporal change in color due to the delayed emission.

According to a particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, the at least one first LED is arranged on the substrate in such a way that the light it generates is emitted into a first solid angle when it is installed in the lighting device. Similarly, the at least one second LED is arranged on the substrate in such a way that the light generated by it, when installed in the lighting device, is emitted into a second solid angle that is different from the first solid angle. As a result, there is already a different radiation direction here. As a result, in the case of reflectors or differently irradiated reflector areas in the corresponding lighting device, the dynamics of the light path is further improved.

A specifically illuminated area is referred to here as a solid angle, not a geometric variable. The size of the two solid angles as such can preferably also be identical. The difference in the solid angles can also include an overlap area of the solid angles, as is the case, for example, when using the special exemplary embodiment according to FIG 1 and 2 results (see below).

The radiation of the light generated by the at least one second LED, delayed by a predetermined time difference compared to the radiation of the light generated by the at least one first LED, can therefore give the impression of a movement of the overall emitted light starting from the first solid angle into the second solid angle as a dynamic lighting effect cause. It should be noted that the outside observer in the example of the vehicle lighting essentially perceives the light reflected by the reflectors.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the substrate is flat with two opposing main surfaces. The at least one first LED is arranged on one main surface and the at least one second LED is arranged on the other main surface. As a result, the two solid angles are aligned opposite to one another. They radiate the space in a complementary way, so to speak. This results in a particularly striking effect of the dynamic light flow starting from one side to the other.

According to a further particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, the substrate is folded two or more times and is arranged around a central axis of the lamp. For example, the cross section of the substrate can be designed as a triangle, square, five, six, seven or octagon. The at least one first, the at least one second or further LEDs are now arranged on each of the at least three or more resulting partial areas of the outwardly directed main area of the substrate.

Due to the different spatial orientations of the partial surfaces, these each emit light in different spatial angles. Furthermore, they are operated delayed by the electrical circuit, depending on the partial outer surface, each with its own time difference. This gives the impression of a movement of the overall emitted light from the first solid angle over the second solid angle in correspondingly further solid angles caused. For the viewer, in the case of vehicle lighting, the reflected light travels, for example, successively over the adjacent reflector surfaces that fall into the relevant solid angle. Overall, this makes the light flow even smoother because more reflector areas are involved.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention - as indicated at the beginning - several first, second or further LEDs each of different colors are arranged on the one or the two main surface (s) or the partial surface of the outwardly directed main surface of the substrate, their emission of light is set up with a time delay among each other in order to achieve a color change as a dynamic effect as a whole or in addition.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, different numbers of first, second or further LEDs are arranged on the one or two main surface (s) or the partial surface of the outwardly directed main surface of the substrate in order to additionally achieve a brightness effect as a dynamic effect.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the lamp is designed as a retrofit lamp. The invention can be used particularly effectively with these lamps. Alternatively, the LED lamp can also be set up as an exchangeable lighting system (XLS: eXchangeable Lighting Systems, or eXchangeable LED Signal) in which different lamps are interchangeably set up on a common platform.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the lamp is designed for a voltage supply of 12 volts. This makes it particularly useful for use in vehicles in which the corresponding operating voltages are present.

According to a further particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, the lamp is designed for operation in a vehicle direction change indicator set up to blink. As described at the beginning, a dynamic wiping effect with increased alertness can be achieved precisely with this application, so that traffic safety is increased.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical circuit comprises an astable multivibrator circuit. With a constant, externally applied voltage supply (for the duration of the entire flashing process), the emission of light can be periodically interrupted and restarted. The flashing and the delay are both caused by the electrical circuit in the LED lamp itself (rather than by an external control device in the vehicle).

The electrical circuit consequently delays the emission of light by the at least one second LED compared to the emission of light by the at least its first LED with each periodically occurring switch-on process. It is particularly advantageous that, unlike in the prior art, a light flow is brought about by targeted control of individual LEDs, but rather by delaying the current flow through individual LEDs, which is set up via electronic components.

• - eine Verbindung zu dem Anschluss der Lampe;
• - die wenigstens eine erste und zweite LED, welche in Reihe verschaltet sind;
• - einen elektronischen Schalter, welcher die wenigstens eine zweite LED überbrücken kann;
• - einen Verzögerungsschaltkreis, welcher den elektronischen Schalter abhängig vom Ladezustand eines Energiespeichers öffnet und schließt, wobei der Energiespeicher während des Anliegens einer Spannungsversorgung aufgeladen wird;
• - einen Schaltregler, der eingerichtet ist, einen konstanten Strom durch die wenigstens erste LED unabhängig vom Überbrückungszustand der wenigstens einen zweiten LED einzustellen.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical circuit has:

• - a connection to the connector of the lamp;
• - The at least one first and second LED, which are connected in series;
• an electronic switch which can bypass the at least one second LED;
• a delay circuit which opens and closes the electronic switch as a function of the state of charge of an energy store, the energy store being charged while a voltage supply is applied;
• a switching regulator which is set up to set a constant current through the at least first LED independently of the bridging state of the at least one second LED.

This simple construction of the electrical circuit results in a particularly reliable and at the same time inexpensive implementation of a delay in the flow of current through the at least one second LED.

According to a further particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, the substrate can be rotated with respect to the base with the connection, or can be removed and reinserted. Furthermore, two locking positions offset by 180 degrees are preferably provided. This embodiment corresponds to the case of two opposing main surfaces.

As a result, the direction of movement of the dynamic wiping effect can be set selectively to the left or to the right in relation to a predetermined recording of a lighting device. This makes it possible for the manufacturer to use one type of LED lamp for provide both possible directions in one blinker.

Alternatively, according to an advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention, a pair of LED lamps can be provided in which the two LED lamps differ by an orientation of the main surface with the at least one first LED that differs by 180 degrees compared to the base with the connection In the case of a flashing vehicle direction change indicator, to display a running movement to the right for the right indicator and a movement to the left for the left indicator.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a lighting device in a motor vehicle, preferably a vehicle direction change indicator set up to blink, with a receptacle for an LED lamp as described in the aforementioned aspects and exemplary embodiments, and with a reflector with preferably several reflector areas or surfaces, the reflects the light emitted in each case in a solid angle in a suitable manner. A direction of travel of the flashing light is clearly visible from the outside via the reflectors that are successively irradiated by the LEDs of the tele or main surfaces on the substrate.

In a further aspect of the invention, use of an LED lamp - as described above - is advantageously provided in such a lighting device.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments and on the basis of the drawings. In the figures, the same reference symbols denote the same features and functions.

Figure list

• 1 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht einer LED-Lampe für ein Blinklicht in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit PY21/5W-Sockel, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 2 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch die LED-Lampe aus 1, ohne Schutzabdeckung;
• 3 eine Seitenansicht (links) und ein Sockeldetail (rechts) einer LED-Lampe für ein Blinklicht in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit P21/5W-Sockel, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 4 eine Seitenansicht (links) und ein Sockeldetail (rechts) einer LED-Lampe für ein Blinklicht in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit S8 Wedge- oder P27/5W-Sockel, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 5 einen Schaltplan eines elektrischen Schaltkreises der LED-Lampe aus 1.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic perspective view of an LED lamp for a flashing light in a motor vehicle with PY21 / 5W base, according to an embodiment of the invention;
• 2 a schematic cross section through the LED lamp 1 , without protective cover;
• 3rd a side view (left) and a base detail (right) of an LED lamp for a flashing light in a motor vehicle with a P21 / 5W base, according to an embodiment of the invention;
• 4th a side view (left) and a base detail (right) of an LED lamp for a flashing light in a motor vehicle with S8 wedge or P27 / 5W base, according to an embodiment of the invention;
• 5 a circuit diagram of an electrical circuit of the LED lamp 1 .

Preferred embodiment (s) of the invention

1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an LED lamp 2 according to the present invention. It is an LED lamp 2 in retrofit design with conventional PY21 / 5W base 4.

The base 4th has an electrical connection with contacts 6a , 6b which interact with corresponding contacts (not shown) of a lighting device, here the flasher device, via which a power supply (with a voltage of 12 volts) is provided.

The user fixes the PY21 W base in the receptacle in the manner of a bayonet lock, with a snap-in lug here as an example 8th is mechanically fitted into a corresponding recess of the receptacle and the base with the latching lug is then rotated relative to the receptacle and on the contact via the counterpressure of a spring contact 6b clicks into place.

A protective cover corresponding to the glass bulb on conventional halogen lamps 18th made of heat-resistant and thermally conductive material has 6 longitudinal openings in the example, in each of which 3 LEDs 10 , 12th , 20th , 22nd , 24 , 26th are placed. These are not restrictive of the technical teaching as SMDs (surface mounted devices) on a substrate 9 arranged. With the substrate 9 it can be a printed circuit board on which the LEDs are wired in a suitable manner. The wiring forms an in with components, electronic switches and a control device, etc. 5 simplified electrical circuit shown 40 that is used to operate the LEDs 10 , 12th , 20th , 22nd , 24 , 26th is set up and is described below.

As in the schematic cross section through the functional part of the LED lamp 2 in 2 can be seen (protective cover 18th not shown and base 4th indicated in the background by a dashed line), is the substrate 9 folded to a hexagonal tube or prism and thus forms six rectangular main or partial main surfaces 12th , 14th , 18th etc., on each of which 3 LEDs are placed or wired. The hexagon is designed to be completely symmetrical, so that the surrounding space is at least in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the LED lamp 2 is illuminated essentially homogeneously.

The operation of the LED lamp according to the invention 2 is in 2 by the arrows 28 , 30th indicated. As soon as the LED lamp has been connected to the electrical connection (contacts 6a , 6b ) is supplied with voltage, the LEDs 10 , 12th , 20th , 22nd , 24 , 26th from the electrical circuit associated with the connector 40 operated. First the 3 first LEDs 10 on the face 14th brought to light, which is purely by way of example in the installed state in the (rear of the vehicle) right turn signal device to the left horizontal direction, ie to the vehicle longitudinal or center axis, oriented. A first (left) solid angle α is illuminated and thus a corresponding part of the reflector 32 illuminated.

The 3 second LEDs 12th and the 3 third LEDs 22nd are compared to when the first LEDs are switched on 10 delayed to light up predetermined time difference. That from a reflector 32 the blinker device (not shown) from the plane of the drawing 2 Light reflected out to the viewer spreads to the top right and bottom right.

With preferably the same time difference compared to when the second and third LEDs are switched on 12th , 22nd the 3 fourth LEDs are then delayed 20th and the 3 fifth LEDs 24 made to shine. That from the reflector 32 the blinker device (not shown) from the plane of the drawing 2 Light reflected out to the viewer now spreads further to the right, see the arrows 28 and 30th .

In a further step, the fourth and fifth LEDs are again with the same time difference compared to the switch-on time 20th , 24 then delays the 3 sixth LEDs 26th on the part main surface 18th (please refer 2 ) lit up. Now is the right part of the reflector 32 or the solid angle β illuminated. After a further period of time, the power supply can be interrupted in order to start a new flashing pulse. Overall, this results in a dynamic running or wiping effect as in the case of LEDs which are arranged in a strip-like manner and are individually or separately controlled, but here in a single LED lamp.

3rd shows a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of an LED lamp 2 ' according to the present invention. This is also an LED lamp 2 ' in retrofit design, but now with a conventional P21W socket 4 '. With this lamp there are only two opposing solid angles for the through the two LED pairs 10 ' and 12 ' emitted light before. The first two LEDs 10 ' (to 1.42 or 0.54 W) are on one main surface of the substrate 9 or arranged on the circuit board, and the two second LEDs 12 ' (to 1.42 or 0.54 W) are on the other main surface of the substrate 9 or arranged on the circuit board. The only two main surfaces here can form the front and back of the substrate, or the substrate or the printed circuit board is folded so that one side of it now forms two opposite main surfaces on which the LEDs are arranged. Or the substrate 9 consists of two possibly interconnected printed circuit boards that are stacked with the backs facing each other.

In this case, operation is as described above: when the (blink) pulse starts, one of the first two LEDs, for example, lights up 10 ' , followed by an emission delayed by a predetermined time difference by the corresponding LED of the second LEDs 12 ' . The movement of the radiation starting from the first to the second solid angle is also particularly clear here.

4th shows a schematic representation of a to 3rd alternative embodiment of an LED lamp 2 "according to the present invention. This is again a LED lamp 2" of retrofit design, but now with a conventional S8 wedge or P27 / 5W base 4 ". This is also a turn signal lamp The operation is similar to that with reference to FIG 3rd described.

The electrical circuit implemented on the printed circuit board 40 which causes the delay by the predetermined time difference is described below with reference to FIG 5 explained.

The electrical circuit 40 has a connection whose inputs correspond to the in 1 contacts shown 6a and 6b can be assigned. About the one contact, e.g. the contact 6b , the reference or ground potential becomes GND and via the other contact, e.g. the contact 6a , is the operating voltage potential, here 12th Volt, applied. Zener diodes D3 , D5 , D6 and D7 are suitably connected to the inputs to a rectifier circuit 42 build up. This causes the Zener diodes to be connected to the cathode connection D3 and D5 connected nodes N1 essentially always the operating voltage potential is applied and to that with the anode connection of the Zener diodes D6 and D7 connected nodes N2 essentially always the reference or ground potential (ground), regardless of which of the contacts 6a or 6b provides the operating voltage and the basic potential.

Between the knots N1 and N2 is also a delay circuit 44 interconnected. Here is the knot N1 especially about a resistor R3 and a capacitor C3 with the knot N2 connected. The resistance R3 and the capacitor C3 form an RC element, with the capacitor C3 when applying voltage between the nodes N1 and N2 charges according to a time constant. Between the resistance R3 and the knot N2 is also another resistance R4 parallel to the capacitor C3 switched so that the electrode of the capacitor facing away from the reference potential C3 with a knot N3 between the resistors R3 and R4 is connected to which there is a voltage division according to the size of the resistors R3 and R4 sets the resulting potential. This knot N3 is also with an anode connection of a diode D8 connected, the cathode connection of which is connected to the node carrying the operating voltage potential N1 connected is.

As described, the capacitor forms C3 an energy store, the energy being gradually stored by building up an electric field with a time constant. The voltage potential at the node N3 therefore increases continuously after the operating voltage is applied. The knot N3 is also connected to the gate connection of an n-MOSFET transistor Q2 connected, whose source connection is in turn connected to the reference or ground potential GND. The transistor becomes accordingly Q2 conductive, if by dividing the voltage at the resistors R3 and R4 as well as by charging the capacitor C3 at the knot N3 the threshold voltage U _{th of} the transistor Q2 is exceeded.

The drain connection of the "delay" transistor Q2 is via a node N4 and a resistor R2 with the knot N1 connected. Will the transistor Q2 conductive, this creates a current path between the node N1 (Operating voltage potential) across the resistor R2 , the knot N4 , the drain-source path of the transistor Q2 and the knot N2 . In this case the voltage potential is at the node N4 essentially pulled down to the ground or reference voltage potential. If the transistor blocks, for example because the capacitor is still charging, the node is on N4 essentially at the operating voltage potential. The voltage potential at the node N4 is determined by the state of the "delay" transistor Q2 and this by the state of charge of the capacitor C3 certainly.

Next up is the actual driver of the LEDs D2 and D7 explained here purely by way of example the first LEDs 10 and the second LEDs 12th correspond. The LEDs D2 and D7 are connected in series here. A current path is thereby from the node N1 about the resistance R1 who have favourited diodes D2 and D7 , an inductor L1 and a transistor (not shown) to the node N2 formed, the transistor (not shown) in the control unit U1 between its one input LX and its output GND is connected. The inductance L1 is between the cathode connections of the light-emitting diodes D2 or. D7 (See explanation below) and the connection remote from the reference potential of the electronic switch formed by the transistor (not shown) in the control device.

A node provided at the input LX of the control device N5 between the inductance L1 and the connection of the electronic switch facing away from the reference potential is via a freewheeling diode D1 with the node carrying the operating voltage potential N1 connected. There is also a knot N6 between the resistance R1 and the LEDs connected in series D2 and D7 or more precisely the anode connection of the first LED D2 provided, which with one electrode of a capacitor C2 is connected, the other electrode in turn to the cathode connection of the second LED D7 - or in the case of the bridging to be described: the first LED D2 - connected is. In other words, the LEDs connected in series D2 and D7 are connected in parallel to the capacitor.

The control device U1 with electronic switch, the inductance L1 , the capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D1 form a classic buck converter or step-down converter, in which during the switch-on time by the electronic switch in the control unit U1 the load current through the inductor and the LEDs D2 and possibly D7 flows while the freewheeling diode blocks, and during the switch-off phase that in the inductance L1 Stored energy is broken down so that current continues through the LEDs D2 and possibly D7 and from the condenser C2 flows out. The periodic timing for the electronic switch is around 50 kHz to 1 MHz. Corresponding control devices as shown under U1 are commercially available.

The control device functions in particular as a switching regulator or current limiter. The timing is controlled in such a way that a constant current flows as independently of the load as possible. This proves to be a particular advantage because, as will be described below, the desired delay is achieved by bridging the second LED D7 is achieved, so that this sudden load change is compensated for by the current limitation. this is what resistance becomes R1 used as a measuring resistor, the one between the node N1 and the resistance R1 voltage provided via an input VIN of the control device U1 is attacked and at the knot N6 at the opposite connection of the measuring resistor R1 the voltage there, which is dependent on the current flow, is tapped via the ISENSE input of the control device. The one from the voltage difference from the control device U1 The determined current flow is used to regulate the timing of the electronic switch in order to limit the current through the LEDs.

As described lies at the knot N4 one of the state of charge of the capacitor C3 dependent voltage potential. This is used to control a “bypass” transistor Q1. For this purpose, the node is connected to its gate connection. Its source and drain connections are in turn corresponding to the anode and cathode connection of the second LED D7 connected. Will the transistor Q1 conductive, then it bridges the second LED D7 . It becomes conductive as soon as it is at the node N4 the higher operating voltage potential is applied, which occurs when the capacitor C3 is sufficiently charged after switching on and applying the operating voltage after a period of time corresponding to the time constant. This period of time corresponds to a time difference required for the delay of the second LEDs.

An adaptation of the circuit for operating the in 1 The six sets of LEDs shown are done by configuring several of the in 3rd delay circuits shown. By adjusting the resistances R3 and R4 as well as by dimensioning the capacitor different delays can be realized.

List of reference symbols

2, 2 ', 2' '

Led lamp

4, 4 ', 4' '

Lamp base

6a, 6b

Contacts for connection

8th

Snap-in lug (bayonet lock)

9

Substrate or printed circuit board

10, 10 '

first LEDs

12, 12 '

second LEDs

14, 16, 18

Main area

18th

Protective cover

20, 22, 24, 26

further LEDs

28, 30

Direction of radiation

32

Reflector area

40

Electrical circuit

42

Rectifier circuit

44

Delay circuit

D1, D3, D5, D6, D7

Zener diodes ( D1 : Freewheeling diode)

D8

diode

D2, D7

Light emitting diodes

L1

Inductance, coil

R1, R2, R3, R4

Resistances ( R1 : Measuring resistor)

C1, C2, C3

Capacitors

N1, N2, N3, N4, N5, N6

Nodes

Q1, Q2

NPN transistors

U1

Switching regulator (with L1, R1, C2, D1)

α

first solid angle

β

second solid angle etc.

Claims (15)

LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 "), preferably for operation in a vehicle, comprising: a base (4, 4', 4") with an electrical connection (6a, 6b) which can be mechanically locked in a matching recording of a lighting device is set up; a substrate (9), in particular a printed circuit board, with at least one main surface (14, 16) and an electrical circuit (40) which can be supplied with power via the electrical connection (6a, 6b); at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10 ') arranged on the substrate (9) and operated by the electrical circuit (40); and, at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') arranged on the substrate (9) and operated by the electrical circuit (40); characterized in that the electrical circuit (40) is set up to reduce the emission of the light generated by the at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') compared to the emission of the at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10') to delay generated light by a predetermined time difference in order to achieve a dynamic lighting effect. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10 ') is arranged on the substrate in such a way that the light generated by it is emitted into a first solid angle (a) when it is installed in the lighting device; and the at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') is arranged on the substrate (9) in such a way that the light generated by it is emitted into a second solid angle (β) when it is installed in the lighting device is different from the first solid angle (α), the radiation of the light generated by the at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') delayed by a predetermined time difference compared to the radiation of the light generated by the at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10') giving the impression of a dynamic lighting effect a running movement of the total emitted light starting from the first solid angle (α) into the second solid angle (β). LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the substrate is flat with two opposing main surfaces (14, 16, 18), the at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10 ') on the one main surface (14) and the at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12 ') are arranged on the other main surface (16, 18) so that the two solid angles (α, β) are aligned opposite to one another. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") according to Claim 2 , wherein the substrate is folded two or more times and is arranged around a central axis of the lamp and on each at least three resulting partial surfaces of the outwardly directed main surface of the substrate the at least one first, the at least one second or further LEDs (D7, 12, 12 ', 20, 22, 24, 26) are arranged, which each emit light in different solid angles and are operated delayed by the electrical circuit depending on the partial outer surface with a time difference each, in order to give the impression of a movement of the total emitted light from the first solid angle ( α) to bring about further solid angles (β) over the second solid angle. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") after one of the Claims 1 to 4th , wherein a plurality of first, second or further LEDs (D7, 12, 12 ', 20, 22, 24, 26) each of different colors are arranged on the one or the two main surface (s) or the partial surface of the outwardly directed main surface of the substrate whose emission of light is set up with a time delay in order to achieve a color change as a dynamic effect as a whole or in addition. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") after one of the Claims 1 to 5 Different numbers of first, second or further LEDs are arranged on the one or the two main surface (s) or the partial surface of the outwardly directed main surface of the substrate (9) in order to additionally achieve a brightness effect as a dynamic effect. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") after one of the Claims 1 to 6th , wherein the lamp is designed as a retrofit lamp. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") after one of the Claims 1 to 7th , the lamp is designed for a voltage supply of 12 volts. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") after one of the Claims 1 to 8th , wherein the lamp is designed to operate in a vehicle direction change indicator configured to blink. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") according to Claim 9 , whereby the electrical circuit comprises an astable multivibrator circuit, through which the emission of light can be interrupted and periodically re-triggered with a constant, externally impressed voltage supply, whereby the emission of light through the at least one second LED ( D7, 12, 12 ') with respect to the emission of light by which at least its first LED (D2, 10, 10') is delayed. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") after one of the Claims 1 to 10 wherein the electrical circuit comprises: - a connection to the connection of the lamp (2, 2 ', 2 "); - The at least one first and second LED (D2, D7), which are connected in series; - An electronic switch (Q1) which can bypass the at least one second LED (D7); - A delay circuit (44, C3, D8, R3, R4, Q2) which opens and closes the electronic switch (Q1) depending on the state of charge of an energy store (C3), the energy store (C3) being charged while a voltage supply is applied; - A switching regulator (U1, R1, C2, L1) which is set up to generate a constant current through the at least one first LED (D2, 10, 10 ') regardless of the bridging state of the at least one second LED (D7, 12, 12') to adjust. LED lamp (2, 2 ', 2 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the substrate (9) can be rotated relative to the base with the connection, or can be removed and reinserted, and for this purpose preferably two locking positions offset by 180 degrees are provided. Pair of LED lamps (2, 2 ', 2 ") according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the two LED lamps differ by an orientation of the main surface with the at least one first LED that is 180 degrees different from the base with the connection, in the case of a flashing vehicle direction change indicator, to indicate a movement to the right for the right indicator and a movement to the left for the left indicator. Lighting device in a motor vehicle, preferably a vehicle direction change indicator set up to blink, with a receptacle for an LED lamp according to the Claims 1 to 12th and a reflector with preferably a plurality of reflector surfaces, which reflects the light emitted in each case in a solid angle in a suitable manner. Use of a lamp according to the Claims 1 to 12th in a lighting device according to Claim 14 .

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