DE102019217137A1 - Gas phase coating process with silazanes as a precursor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a coating (12) on a substrate (11), in which the substrate (11) is coated with the coating (12) by means of a chemical reaction of at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase becomes. In order to produce a, in particular also permanent, dense and / or stable coating in a simple and inexpensive, in particular time-saving manner, the gas phase comprises at least one silazane as a precursor.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a coating on a substrate, its products and suitable silazanes and their use.

State of the art

For coating substrates, coating processes are known which are based on a chemical reaction of at least one silicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase. An example of this is a chemical vapor deposition (CVD; English: Chemical Vapor Deposition) from a gas phase, which comprises at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor.

In the pamphlet U.S. 5,763,018 describes a coating process in which a substrate is coated by means of chemical vapor deposition from a gas phase. The gas phase can include tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS), tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS) and tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS).

Disclosure of the invention

The present invention relates to a coating method or a method for producing a coating on a substrate. In the method, a or the substrate is coated with a or the coating in particular by means of a chemical reaction of at least one silicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase,

The gas phase comprises in particular at least one silazane as a precursor.

A silazane can in particular be understood to mean a compound which comprises at least two silicon atoms connected via a nitrogen atom (Si-NR-Si). The radical (R) group bonded to the nitrogen atom can be, for example, hydrogen or an organic radical or a radical bonded via a silicon atom. For example, a silazane can be a linear silazane of the general chemical formula: R _a R _b R _c Si- [NR _d -SiR _e R _f ] _x -R _g , where x ≥ 1 and the substituents R _a , R _b , R _c , R _d , R _e , R _f and R _{g can} each independently represent hydrogen or an organic radical, or be a branched silazane or a cyclic silazane.

Silazanes can decompose in a particularly water-containing or moist gas phase and their decomposition products can advantageously be deposited as a coating on the surface of the substrate. For example, silazanes can hydrolyze to silanols, which then partially bind to the surface of the substrate and partially react with one another to form siloxanes and in this way can form a coating.

The decomposition reaction and thus also the deposition process can advantageously take place significantly faster with silazanes than with ortho-silicic acid esters. In addition, amines and / or ammonia released during the decomposition of silazanes can catalyze the hydrolysis of other organosilicon compounds, such as, for example, silanes and / or silicic acid esters, and thus accelerate their reaction. Therefore, through the use of silazanes - for example compared to the use of ortho-silicic acid esters - an increased layer formation rate can be achieved - and, for example, the process time can be shortened or higher layer thicknesses can be achieved with the same process time - and process costs in particular can be reduced.

The coating process, which comprises a chemical reaction of at least one silicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase comprising at least one silazane, can advantageously be used to form a coating which is particularly tight, for example waterproof and in particular moisture-tight and possibly even gas-tight, as also particularly stable and, in particular, both themselves and their adhesion to the substrate can be particularly hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant.

Because the coating formed in this way and its adhesion to the substrate have a high resistance to hydrolysis and / or media resistance, its impermeability and stability can be improved can advantageously also be maintained over the long term and, in addition, the substrate, for example a component, can also be protected from corrosion.

Because the coating can be particularly tight, for example liquid-tight, for example waterproof, and in particular also moisture-tight and possibly even gas-tight, and stable and in particular both itself and its adhesion to the substrate, the substrate can be particularly resistant to hydrolysis and / or media , for example the component, advantageously, in particular also in the long term, are protected from environmental influences such as water and in particular also moisture and possibly also from gases and other surrounding media as well as from corrosion and dust and / or such substances are enclosed in the component.

Since the coating already protects the substrate, for example the component, from environmental influences, the substrate coated with the coating, for example component, advantageously does not have to be further processed directly, which is advantageous for mass production.

Overall, the method can advantageously provide, in a simple and inexpensive, in particular time-saving manner, a, in particular permanent, dense, for example waterproof and / or moisture-tight and / or gas-tight, and / or stable, for example hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant, coating .

In one embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one inorganic silazane as a precursor.

An inorganic silazane can in particular be understood as meaning a compound which comprises at least two silicon atoms connected via a nitrogen atom and which comprises only inorganic radicals, for example hydrogen. An inorganic silazane can, for example, be free of carbon or free of organic residues. For example, in addition to silicon-nitrogen bonds, an inorganic silazane can only have silicon-hydrogen bonds and / or nitrogen-hydrogen bonds.

By using an inorganic silazane, a coating with a high silicon oxide content can advantageously be formed, in particular from a water-containing or moist gas phase.

This in turn advantageously enables other silicon compounds to achieve a high silicon and oxygen content, for example ortho-silicic acid esters, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and / or tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS), partly through the at least one inorganic silazane or replace completely. For example, only a reduced amount of other silicon compounds can be used to achieve a sufficiently high silicon and oxygen content, for example ortho-silicic acid esters, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and / or tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS) Gas phase can be added or possibly even an addition of other silicon compounds to achieve a sufficiently high silicon and oxygen content, for example ortho-silicic acid esters, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and / or tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS), to the gas phase are dispensed with. For example, the at least one inorganic silazane can therefore be used as the main precursor. If necessary, the at least one inorganic silazane can even be used as the sole precursor. If at least one inorganic silazane is used as the sole precursor, however, only one, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, inorganic coating is formed.

In a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one organosilazane as a precursor.

An organosilazane can in particular be understood as meaning a compound which comprises at least two silicon atoms connected via a nitrogen atom and which has at least one organic radical, in particular comprising carbon. For example, an organosilazane can comprise at least two silicon atoms linked by a nitrogen atom, of which at least one silicon atom is substituted with an organic radical.

By using an organosilazane, a coating can advantageously be formed, in particular from a water-containing or moist gas phase, which has a high or at least sufficiently high silicon oxide content and can possibly even advantageously be equipped with at least one functional group.

In one embodiment of this embodiment, the gas phase comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one amine group bonded directly to silicon, for example at least one secondary or tertiary amine group, and / or with at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon and / or with at least one alkyl group bonded directly to silicon, for example methyl group or ethyl group, and / or with at least one alkoxy group directly bonded to silicon, for example methoxy group and / or ethoxy group and / or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group and / or i-propoxy group, and / or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group and / or i-butoxy group and / or t-butoxy group, for example methoxy -Group and / or ethoxy group. In particular, the gas phase can comprise as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one amine group bonded directly to silicon, for example at least one secondary or tertiary amine group, and / or with at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon.

Amine groups, hydrogen atoms and alkoxy groups bonded directly to silicon can advantageously easily be hydrolyzed to hydroxyl groups, in particular silanol groups, which in turn can condense with one another to form siloxane units and can thus form a stable coating in a simple and rapid manner . In this way, a coating can advantageously be formed, in particular from a water-containing or moist gas phase, which has a high or at least sufficiently high proportion of silicon oxide. This in turn can advantageously enable other silicon compounds to achieve a high silicon and oxygen content, for example ortho-silicic acid esters, such as tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS) and / or tetrapropylorthosilicate (TPOS), partially or completely through the organosilazane to replace. For example, this allows the proportion of other silicon compounds to achieve a sufficiently high silicon and oxygen proportion, for example of ortho-silicic acid esters, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) and / or tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS), in the gas phase can be reduced or, if necessary, their addition can even be dispensed with. In principle, the at least one organosilazane with the at least one amine group, hydrogen atom, alkoxy group and / or alkyl group bonded directly to silicon can be used as an additional precursor to at least one other precursor. For example, however, the organosilazane with the at least one amine group, hydrogen atom, alkoxy group and / or alkyl group bonded directly to silicon can also be used as the main precursor, possibly even as the sole precursor. Amine groups can also advantageously have catalytic properties and thus accelerate the decomposition reaction, for example the hydrolysis of alkoxy groups.

If the at least one organosilazane is completely substituted with amine groups and / or hydrogen atoms and / or alkoxy groups bonded directly to silicon and is used as the sole precursor, only one, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen - and nitrogen-containing, inorganic coating are formed.

However, if the gas phase comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, advantageously, in particular from a water-containing or moist gas phase, an, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon-, oxygen- and nitrogen-containing, partially inorganic coating are formed, which, for example, also partially organic, for example one, in particular silicon- and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating can be. By means of an organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular a silicon- and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating can be formed , which can advantageously serve as an adhesion promoter.

This can be due in particular to the fact that silicon-carbon bonds have high hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance, so that the at least one substituent attached via the silicon-carbon bond and / or a substituent formed therefrom still remains after the coating process has been completed and / or can be retained in the coating. In this way, an, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partly inorganic and partly organic hybrid coating can advantageously be formed, which serve as adhesion promoters and have good, for example physical, adhesion properties and optionally also good ones, for example chemical, bonding properties for plastics and / or adhesives. Advantageously, a particularly permanent, dense, for example waterproof and / or moisture-tight and / or gas-tight, and / or stable, for example hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant, coating with good, for example physical, adhesion properties and possibly also with good, for example chemical bonding properties for other materials, such as plastics and / or adhesives, are provided.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, the gas phase therefore comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond. In this way, an, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partly inorganic and partly organic hybrid coating can advantageously be formed.

The high hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance of silicon-carbon bonds also advantageously enables substituents to be attached to silicon that have at least one functional group in such a way that the at least one functional group and / or a functional group formed therefrom also after Completion of the coating process can still be retained and can serve as an adhesion promoter for and / or in particular for the chemical connection of other materials, such as plastics and / or adhesives.

In the context of a preferred, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the gas phase therefore comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and which comprises at least one functional group.

By using an organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and comprises at least one functional group, a coating can advantageously be formed, in particular from a water-containing or moist gas phase, which advantageously has at least is equipped with a functional group.

In particular, a coating process based on a chemical reaction of at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase which comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one functional group comprises, advantageously, in particular also at high temperatures, for example around 300 ° C., a coating with at least one functional group, for example in the form of a, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partially Inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating with at least one functional group are formed, in particular which, for example also permanently, tight, for example waterproof and / or moisture-tight and / or gas-tight, and / or stable and in particular ere both itself and its adhesion to the substrate can be particularly hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant in such a way that the at least one functional group and / or a functional group formed therefrom remain on it even after the coating process has been completed and as, for example, physical , Adhesion promoter for and / or for, for example chemical, bonding of other materials, such as plastics and / or adhesives, can serve and that the coating can also serve as corrosion protection, for example for substrates with metallic surfaces.

Up to now, this has not been possible using conventional coating processes with organosilicon compounds.

In conventional coating processes, in which layers are formed by applying organosilanes from solution and dried at low temperatures, layers, in particular organic, are formed which may be equipped with functional groups and initially have good adhesion properties, but due to the lack of an inorganic component and / or due to a lack of sufficient crosslinking in itself and / or with the surface of the substrate generally have a low resistance to hydrolysis and offer no protection against corrosion, which is why the initially good adhesion properties are usually lost under the action of moisture.

In other conventional coating processes, in which layers are formed by applying organosiloxane lacquers and baked in air, inorganic layers are formed which are hydrolysis-resistant and can offer corrosion protection, but usually poor adhesion properties due to the lack of an organic component, especially a lack of functional groups have and are therefore also used as mold release agents in tools for plastic molding. During the baking process in air, functional groups are destroyed by oxidation, which is why layers produced in this way no longer have any functional groups after baking.

The coating formed by the method can advantageously be functionalized with the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane and / or with a functional group formed therefrom. Through the connection via the silicon-carbon bond it can advantageously be achieved that the at least one substituent and its at least one functional group can remain bound to silicon during the coating process, in particular also under hydrolytic conditions - and in particular is not hydrolyzed - and In this way, a coating can be equipped with functional groups bonded to silicon, in particular covalently. In this way, a hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant connection of the at least one functional group or a functional group formed therefrom to the silicon and thus to the coating can advantageously be implemented.

Due to the at least one functional group, the coating can be provided with good, for example physical, adhesion properties and in particular also with good, for example chemical, binding properties and thus as an adhesion promoter and / or as a chemical binding agent, in particular between the substrate, for example a component, and a material applied to the coating, for example a plastic and / or adhesive, are used.

Because the method can make the coating particularly tight, for example waterproof and in particular also moisture-tight and possibly even gas-tight, as well as particularly stable and, in particular, both itself and its adhesion to the substrate, particularly hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant, can also advantageously their adhesion and / or connection properties, tightness and stability are also maintained in the long term.

Because a coating equipped with at least one functional group is formed, it can advantageously be made possible that the at least one functional group of the coating with at least one functional group of another material, for example a polymer mass, which is designed to form a plastic and / or comprises a softened or melted or dissolved plastic, and / or an adhesive, can react and form a covalent bond between the coating and the other material, for example the plastic and / or adhesive. Due to the covalent bond, a particularly strong and in particular hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant connection of the other material, for example the plastic and / or adhesive, to the coating can advantageously be achieved, which is significantly stronger, in particular at least a factor of 10 stronger, than a can be purely physical adhesion or adhesion (physisorption). A particularly long-lasting, strong and dense bond between the component, the coating and the other material, for example the plastic and / or adhesive, can thus be achieved. A particularly permanent, dense, for example watertight and / or moisture-proof and / or gas-tight, and / or stable, for example hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant, coating with good, for example physical, adhesion properties and / or in particular also additionally with good , for example chemical, bonding properties for other materials, such as plastics and / or adhesives, are provided.

In one embodiment, the gas phase comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent which comprises at least one functional group and is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond formed by a carbon atom of the at least one functional group. For example, the at least one substituent can comprise or be a vinyl group and / or allyl group and / or ethenylene group and / or nitrile group. Thus, a hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant connection of the at least one functional group, for example a vinyl group and / or allyl group and / or ethenylene group, or a group formed therefrom, for example a carboxylic acid group, can advantageously be made in a simple manner the coating can be realized.

In another, alternative or additional embodiment, the gas phase comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent, which has a through a carbon atom of an alkylene group, for example a methylene group or an ethylene group or a propylene group or a Butylene group, formed silicon-carbon bond is bonded to silicon and comprises at least one functional group. The at least one functional group can for example, in particular covalently, for example terminally, be attached to the alkylene group. For example, the at least one functional group can be an unsaturated functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in the form an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a Thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or a nitrile group and / or an alkoxy -Group include or be. A hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant connection of the at least one functional group, for example an unsaturated functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate, can advantageously also be established in a simple manner -Group and / or a vinyl group and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group, or a group formed therefrom, for example an alcohol group and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or a thiocarbamate group and / or a carboxylic acid group on the coating.

Furthermore, the at least one organosilazane can have the at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and comprises at least one functional group, for example at least one amine group bonded directly to silicon, for example at least one secondary or tertiary amine group. Group, and / or at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon and / or at least one alkyl group bonded directly to silicon, for example methyl group and / or ethyl group, and / or at least one alkoxy group directly bonded to silicon, for example Methoxy group and / or ethoxy group and / or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group and / or i-propoxy group, and / or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group and / or i -Butoxy group and / or t-butoxy group, in particular at least one amine group bonded directly to silicon, for example at least one secondary or tertiary amine group, and / or at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon.

By using an organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and comprises at least one functional group, and with at least one amine group and / or hydrogen atom and / or alkoxy directly bonded to silicon -Group can advantageously be formed, in particular from a water-containing or moist gas phase, a coating which has a high or at least sufficiently high silicon oxide content and is also equipped with at least one functional group. For example, a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating with at least one functional group, in particular a silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating can be formed in this way.

In the context of a special, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, the gas phase therefore comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and comprises at least one functional group, and with at least one directly to it Amine group bonded to silicon, for example secondary or tertiary amine group, and / or with at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon and / or with at least one alkyl group bonded directly to silicon, for example methyl group and / or ethyl group, and / or with at least one alkoxy group bonded directly to silicon, for example methoxy group and / or ethoxy group and / or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group and / or i-propoxy group, and / or Butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group and / or i-butoxy group and / or t-butoxy group, for example methoxy group and the like nd / or ethoxy group. Such an organosilazane can in principle be used as an additional precursor to at least one other precursor. For example, however, such an organosilazane can also be used as the main precursor, possibly even as the sole precursor.

In the context of a further embodiment, a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating with at least one functional group is formed. For example, an, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, optionally silicon, oxygen and nitrogen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating with at least one functional group can be formed.

In a further embodiment, the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane, in particular of the at least one substituent of the at least one organosilazane bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, and / or of the coating comprises or is an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and / or an amino group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a thiol group and / or a thiocarbamate group and / or a carboxylic acid group and / or a Epoxy group and / or a cyanate group (-OC = N) and / or an isocyanate group (-N = C = O) and / or a thiocyanate group (-SC = N) and / or an isothiocyanate Group (-N = C = S) and / or a nitrile group (-C = N) and / or an alkoxy group. From organosilazanes with these functional groups, the method can advantageously be used to form coatings with good, for example physical, adhesion properties and in particular also additionally with, for example chemical, bonding properties.

A thiocarbamate group, which can also be referred to as a thiourethane group, can be understood in particular as a group in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to a carbon atom and the carbon atom is in turn bonded to at least one sulfur atom. The carbon atom is in particular still bound to an oxygen atom (-N-CS-O-) or to a further sulfur atom (-N-CS-S-).

In the context of a special configuration of this embodiment, the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane, in particular of the at least one substituent of the at least one organosilazane bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, and / or of the coating comprises or is a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or or an ethenylene group and / or an amino group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a thiol group and / or a thion urethane group and / or a thiol urethane group and / or a dithiourethane group and / or a carboxylic acid group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isoth iocyanate group and / or a nitrile group and / or an alkoxy group.

An ethenylene group can be understood to mean, in particular, a bridging, substituted or unsubstituted ethene group. For example, an ethenylene group can be based on the general chemical formula: CR = CR *, where R and R * can each independently represent hydrogen or another radical, in particular hydrogen.

A thion urethane group can in particular be understood as meaning a thiocarbamate group in which the carbon atom is bonded to a sulfur atom via a double bond and to an oxygen atom via a single bond. For example, a thion urethane group can be based on the general chemical formula: -NR-CS-O-R *, where R can stand for hydrogen or another radical and R * for hydrogen or another radical, in particular for another radical.

A thiolurethane group can in particular be understood to mean a thiocarbamate group in which the carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom via a double bond and to a sulfur atom via a single bond. For example, a thiolurethane group can be based on the general chemical formula: -NR-CO-S-R *, where R can stand for hydrogen or another radical and R * for hydrogen or another radical, in particular for another radical.

A dithiourethane group can in particular be understood as meaning a thiocarbamate group in which the carbon atom is bonded to a sulfur atom via a double bond and to a further sulfur atom via a single bond. For example, a dithiourethane group can be based on the general chemical formula: -NR-CS-S-R *, where R can stand for hydrogen or another radical and R * for hydrogen or another radical, in particular for another radical.

The at least one functional group of the coating can, for example, comprise the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane, in particular of the at least one substituent of the at least one organosilazane bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, and optionally correspond to this and / or a decomposition product of the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane, in particular of the at least one substituent of the at least one organosilazane bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, and optionally correspond to this.

For example, the at least one functional group, in particular the at least one substituent attached to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond, of the at least one organosilazane can have an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a Methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example allyl Group, and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxide group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate -Group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or a nitrile group and / or alkoxy group or be.

Unsaturated functional groups, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example methacrylate groups and / or acrylate groups and / or vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, and / or Amino groups and / or thiol groups and / or epoxide groups of organosilazanes can advantageously be comparatively stable as such and at least essentially remain as such during coating. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one such functional group, the coating can also comprise at least one corresponding functional group.

Cyanate groups (-O-C = N) of organosilazanes can decompose, for example, to hydroxyl groups during coating. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one cyanate group, the coating can comprise at least one hydroxyl group.

Isocyanate groups (-N = C = O) of organosilazanes can hydrolyze, for example, to carbamic acids (-NH-COOH) during coating, which can then decompose to amino groups. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one isocyanate group, the coating can comprise at least one amino group.

Thiocyanate groups (-S-C = N) of organosilazanes can decompose, for example, to thiol groups during coating. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one thiocyanate group, the coating can comprise at least one thiol group.

Isothiocyanate groups (-N = C = S) of organosilazanes can decompose during coating, for example, to thiocarbamate groups, for example thion urethane groups and / or thiol urethane groups. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one isothiocyanate group, the hybrid layer can comprise at least one thiocarbamate group, for example thion urethane group and / or thiol urethane group.

Nitrile groups (-C≡N) of organosilazanes can, for example, decompose into carboxylic acid groups during coating. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one nitrile group, the hybrid layer can comprise at least one carboxylic acid group.

During coating, alkoxy groups of organosilazanes can decompose, for example, to hydroxyl groups, in particular alcohol groups or silanol groups. For example, alkoxy groups of organosilazanes can hydrolyze to hydroxyl groups, in particular alcohol groups or silanol groups, when coated with water. Thus, when using at least one substituent, in particular the at least one organosilazane, with at least one alkoxy group, the coating can comprise at least one hydroxyl group, in particular alcohol group.

The at least one functional group of the coating can therefore, for example, be an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a hydroxyl group, in particular an alcohol group, and / or a thiol group and / or a thiocarbamate group, for example a thion urethane group and / or a thiol urethane group and / or a dithiourethane group, and / or comprise or be a carboxylic acid group and / or an epoxy group.

Unsaturated, functional groups on the coating can advantageously enter into an, in particular radical, reaction, for example an addition reaction, with unsaturated, functional groups, for example of plastics and / or adhesives, and in this way a covalent bond between the coating and, for example, the plastic or adhesive form.

Amino groups and / or hydroxyl groups and / or thiol groups and / or carboxylic acid groups and / or epoxy groups on the coating can advantageously enter into an addition reaction with epoxy groups, for example from plastics and / or adhesives in this way, form a covalent bond between the coating and, for example, the plastic or adhesive. Amino groups can also advantageously have catalytic and thus reaction-accelerating properties. Thiol groups on the hybrid coating can also advantageously form a covalent bond with certain plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and / or of elastomers obtainable by sulfur vulcanization of rubbers, by means of sulfur bridges.

Hydroxy groups on the coating or, for example, a plastic and / or adhesive can also advantageously enter into an esterification reaction or a condensation reaction with carboxylic acid groups and / or hydroxyl groups and / or thiol groups, for example of a plastic and / or adhesive or on the coating and in this way form a covalent bond between the coating and, for example, the plastic and / or adhesive.

Thiocarbamate groups, for example thion urethane groups and / or thiol urethane groups and / or dithiourethane groups, on the coating can advantageously react with amine groups and / or amino groups, for example from plastics and / or adhesives in this way, a covalent bond can be formed between the coating and, for example, the plastic or adhesive. Thiocarbamate groups can also advantageously form a covalent bond with certain plastics, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and / or elastomers obtainable by sulfur vulcanization of rubbers, by means of sulfur bridges.

The at least one organosilazane can, for example, be a disilazane and / or a, in particular a cyclic or acyclic, trisilazane and / or a, in particular cyclic and / or acyclic, tetrasilazane and / or a, in particular cyclic or acyclic, pentasilazane and / or a, in particular cyclic or acyclic, oligosilazane, in particular with at least six silazane units, and / or one, in particular cyclic or acyclic, polysilazane, in particular with at least twenty silazane units. For example, the at least one organosilazane can comprise or be a cyclic trisilazane and / or a cyclic tetrasilazane and / or a linear disilazane.

basieren. Dabei kann n insbesondere für die Anzahl der Wiederholungseinheiten stehen. Zum Beispiel kann n ≥ 1 sein. Insbesondere kann dabei mindestens einer der Substituenten R1 und R2 über eine Silicium-Kohlenstoff-Bindung (Si-C) an Silicium angebunden sein und die mindestens eine funktionelle Gruppe umfassen.The at least one silazane can, for example, be based on the general chemical formula:

based. In particular, n can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n ≥ 1 can be. In particular, at least one of the substituents R1 and R2 can be bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond (Si-C) and comprise at least one functional group.

In a further embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one organosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

In particular, n can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n 1, in particular n 2, for example n 3, for example n 4, for example n 5, possibly n 20.

R1 can in particular stand for a substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one functional group, for example an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate -Group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate -Group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or an alkoxy group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group , for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group, or t-butoxy group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group , includes. For example, R1 can stand for a substituent which is formed via a silicon-carbon bond formed by a carbon atom of the at least one functional group or via a carbon atom of an alkylene group, for example a methylene group or ethylene group or propylene group. Group or butylene group, formed silicon-carbon bond is attached to silicon.

R2 can in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group, for example for a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group , for example methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy -Group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, especially for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom, or for a further substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and has at least one functional group, for example an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or an alkoxy group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy Group or t-butoxy group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group. For example, R2 can stand for a substituent which is formed via a silicon-carbon bond formed by a carbon atom of the at least one functional group or via a carbon atom of an alkylene group, for example a methylene group or ethylene group or propylene group. Group or butylene group, formed silicon-carbon bond is attached to silicon.

R3 can in particular represent an alkyl group, for example methyl group or ethyl group or propyl group, for example n-propyl group or i-propyl group, or butyl group, for example n-butyl group or i- Butyl group or t-butyl group, or stand for hydrogen. For example, R3 can stand for an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or ethyl group.

In one aspect of this embodiment, R4 and R5, in particular each independently of one another, represent an amine group, for example a secondary or tertiary amine group, or a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, for example a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy Group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group Group, or for a hydrogen atom.

aufweisen. R1, R2 und R3 können dabei insbesondere wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. n* kann dabei insbesondere für die Anzahl der Wiederholungseinheiten stehen. Zum Beispiel kann n* ≥ 3, beispielsweise n* ≥ 4, sein.In the context of another, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, R4 and R5 together stand for a further NR3 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds. For example, the gas phase can act as a precursor of at least one organosilazane with the general chemical formula:

exhibit. R1, R2 and R3 can in particular be configured as explained above. In particular, n * can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n * 3, for example n * 4.

In a special embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one organosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

In particular, n10 can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n10 1, in particular n10 2, for example n10 3, for example n10 4, for example n10 5, possibly n10 20.

X11 can, for example, stand for an unsaturated, functional group, for example for a, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group or ethenylene group, or for a nitrile group. For example, X11 can stand for an unsaturated, functional group, for example for a, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group or ethenylene group, for example for a, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group.

R12 can in particular represent an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group, for example for a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group , for example methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy -Group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, especially for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom.

R13 can in particular represent an alkyl group, for example methyl group or ethyl group or propyl group, for example n-propyl group or i-propyl group, or butyl group, for example n-butyl group or i- Butyl group or t-butyl group, or stand for hydrogen. For example, R13 can stand for an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or ethyl group.

In one aspect of this embodiment, R14 and R15, in particular each independently of one another, represent an amine group, for example a secondary or tertiary amine group Group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group, for example for a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom.

aufweisen. X11, R12 und R13 können dabei insbesondere wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. n10* kann dabei insbesondere für die Anzahl der Wiederholungseinheiten stehen. Zum Beispiel kann n10* ≥ 3, beispielsweise n10* ≥ 4, sein.In the context of another, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, R14 and R15 together represent a further NR13 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds. For example, the gas phase can act as a precursor of at least one organosilazane with the general chemical formula:

exhibit. X11, R12 and R13 can in particular be configured as explained above. In particular, n10 * can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n10 * 3, for example n10 * 4.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, special embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one orqanosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

In particular, n20 can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n20 1, in particular n20 2, for example n20 3, for example n20 4, for example n20 5, possibly n20 20.

X21 and X22 can, for example, in particular each independently of one another, represent an unsaturated, functional group, for example a, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group or ethenylene group, or a nitrile group. For example, X21 and X22, in particular each independently of one another, can represent an unsaturated, functional group, for example for one, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group or ethenylene group, for example for one, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group , stand.

R23 can in particular represent an alkyl group, for example methyl group or ethyl group or propyl group, for example n-propyl group or i-propyl group, or butyl group, for example n-butyl group or i- Butyl group or t-butyl group, or represent hydrogen. For example, R23 can represent an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or ethyl group.

In one aspect of this embodiment, R24 and R25, in particular each independently of one another, represent an amine group, for example a secondary or tertiary amine group, or a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, for example a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for Example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom.

aufweisen. X21, X22 und R23 können dabei insbesondere wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. n20* kann dabei insbesondere für die Anzahl der Wiederholungseinheiten stehen. Zum Beispiel kann n20* ≥ 3, beispielsweise n20* ≥ 4, sein.In the context of another, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, R24 and R25 together represent a further NR23 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds. For example, the gas phase can act as a precursor of at least one organosilazane with the general chemical formula:

exhibit. X21, X22 and R23 can in particular be configured as explained above. In particular, n20 * can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n20 * 3, for example n20 * 4.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, special embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one organosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

In particular, n30 can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n30 1, in particular n30 2, for example n30 3, for example n30 4, for example n30 5, possibly n30 20.

Y31 can in particular for at least one functional group, in particular for an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, in particular for a methacrylate group or an acrylate group or a, in particular single or sole, vinyl -Group or an ethenylene group, or for an amino group or for a thiol group or for an epoxy group or for a cyanate group or for an isocyanate group or for a thiocyanate group or for an isothiocyanate group or for a nitrile group or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n -Butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example a methoxy group or ethoxy group.

Here, m31 can in particular stand for the number of CH ₂ units of the alkylene group via which the functional group Y31 is bonded to silicon. In particular, m31 1, for example m31 2, for example m31 3.

R32 can in particular represent an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group, for example for a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group , for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom.

R33 can in particular represent an alkyl group, for example methyl group or ethyl group or propyl group, for example n-propyl group or i-propyl group, or butyl group, for example n-butyl group or i- Butyl group or t-butyl group, or represent hydrogen. For example, R33 can represent an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or an ethyl group.

In one aspect of this embodiment, R34 and R35, in particular each independently of one another, represent an amine group, for example a secondary or tertiary amine group, or a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, for example a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a Hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom.

aufweisen. Y31, R32 und R33 können dabei insbesondere wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. n30* kann dabei insbesondere für die Anzahl der Wiederholungseinheiten stehen. Zum Beispiel kann n30* ≥ 3, beispielsweise n30* ≥ 4, sein.In the context of another, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, R34 and R35 together represent a further NR33 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds. For example, the gas phase can act as a precursor of at least one organosilazane with the general chemical formula:

exhibit. Y31, R32 and R33 can in particular be configured as explained above. In particular, n30 * can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n30 * 3, for example n30 * 4.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, special embodiment, the gas phase comprises at least one organosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

In particular, n40 can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n40 1, in particular n40 2, for example n40 3, for example n40 4, for example n40 5, possibly n40 20.

Y41 and Y42 can for example, in particular each independently of one another, at least one functional group, in particular for an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, in particular for a methacrylate group or an acrylate group or an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group or an ethenylene group, or for an amino group or for a thiol group or for an epoxy group or for a cyanate group or for an isocyanate group or for a thiocyanate group or for an isothiocyanate group or for a nitrile group or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or Ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group.

Here, m41 and m42 can in particular stand for the number of CH ₂ units of the alkylene group via which the functional group Y41 or Y42 is bonded to silicon. In particular, m41 1, for example m41 2, for example m41 3, and m42 1, for example m42 2, for example m42 3.

R43 can in particular represent an alkyl group, for example methyl group or ethyl group or propyl group, for example n-propyl group or i-propyl group, or butyl group, for example n-butyl group or i- Butyl group or t-butyl group, or stand for hydrogen. For example, R43 can stand for an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or an ethyl group.

In one aspect of this embodiment, R44 and R45, in particular each independently of one another, represent an amine group, for example a secondary or tertiary amine group, or a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, for example a methyl group and / or ethyl group, or for an alkoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group or propoxy group, for example n-propoxy group or i-propoxy group, or butoxy group, for example n-butoxy group or i-butoxy group or t-butoxy group, for example for a methoxy group or ethoxy group, for example for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a Hydrogen atom or for an alkoxy group, in particular for an amine group, for example for a secondary or tertiary amine group, or for a hydrogen atom.

aufweisen. Y41, Y42 und R43 können dabei insbesondere wie vorstehend erläutert ausgestaltet sein. n40* kann dabei insbesondere für die Anzahl der Wiederholungseinheiten stehen. Zum Beispiel kann n40* ≥ 3, beispielsweise n40* ≥ 4, sein.In the context of another, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, R44 and R45 together represent a further NR43 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds. For example, the gas phase can act as a precursor of at least one organosilazane with the general chemical formula:

exhibit. Y41, Y42 and R43 can in particular be configured as explained above. In particular, n40 * can stand for the number of repetition units. For example, n40 * 3, for example n40 * 4.

For example, the at least one organosilazane can be 2-methyl-1,3-divinylsilazane and / or 2-methyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-divinylsilazane and / or 1,3,5-trimethyl-2 , 4,6-trimethyl-2,4,6-trivinyl-cyclotrisilazane include or be.

Side reactions, for example with a functional group, can advantageously be avoided by N-alkylating the at least one organosilazane.

The coating method, which comprises a chemical reaction of at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase, can in particular a, for example silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating can be formed.

In a further embodiment, a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular a silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating with at least one functional group, in particular on the substrate, is formed, in particular by the coating method.

For example, a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular a silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating can be formed, in particular by the coating method, which comprises, for example based on, siloxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, and can optionally be formed therefrom. In particular, the substrate can be coated, for example, with a, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, which comprises siloxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, for example is based thereon, or is optionally formed therefrom.

For example, a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular a silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating can be formed, in particular by the coating method, which comprises, for example based on, siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide is formed from it. In particular, the substrate can in particular be coated with a, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, which comprises, for example based on, siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide is trained.

For example, in particular by the coating process, organic-inorganic hybrid polymers with siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or regions made of amorphous silicon dioxide can be formed. In particular, the substrate can be coated with a, in particular silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating which comprises organic-inorganic hybrid polymers with siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or areas made of amorphous silicon dioxide, for example is based on it, if necessary formed from it.

A silsesquioxane can in particular be understood as meaning a siloxane with a cage-like and / or polymeric or oligomeric structure based on silicon-oxygen-silicon bridges (-Si-O-Si-) and tetrahedral silicon corner points. For example, silsesquioxanes can comprise, in particular be based on, a siloxane unit of the general chemical formula: - [SiO _1.5 X] _n -, where n stands for the number of these siloxane units and X stands for an organic radical, hydrogen, for example Halogen or another radical which can be terminating or optionally also bridging and / or linking. Silsesquioxanes can be polymeric or oligomeric and / or cage-like. Polymeric silsesquioxanes can, for example, have a random and / or ladder-shaped and / or also cage-like basic structure. Cage-like silsesquioxanes can in particular have a cage-like basic structure composed of a plurality of siloxane units, for example [SiO _1.5 R] units, per cage, for example up to 18 siloxane units, for example up to 18 [SiO _1.5 R ] Units per cage. In addition, cage-like silsesquioxanes can be oligomerically or polymerically linked to one another and thus be both cage-like and oligomeric or polymeric. Examples of cage-like silsesquioxanes are octasilsesquioxanes, which have a basic structure in the form of an octahedral cage made up of 8 siloxane units, for example 8 [SiO _1.5 R] units, and can also be linked oligomerically or polymerically, for example polyoctahedral silsesquioxanes (POSS; English: Polyoctahedral Silsesquioxanes). Further examples of cage-like silsesquioxanes are decasilsesquioxanes, which have a basic structure in the form of a cage of 10 siloxane units, for example 10 [SiO _1.5 R] units, and can also be linked oligomerically or polymerically.

Silicon-oxygen structural elements, for example siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, can in particular represent an inorganic part of the coating.

Organic constituents and / or organic reaction products of the at least one organosilazane and / or organic groups on silicon atoms of silicon-oxygen structural elements formed from the at least one organosilazane, for example siloxane and / or silsesquioxane structures, can in particular form an organic part of the coating represent.

The coating method, which comprises a chemical reaction of at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase, can in particular be chemical gas phase deposition.

In the context of a further embodiment, the substrate is therefore coated by means of chemical vapor deposition. For example, the substrate, for example the component, can be coated by means of chemical vapor deposition from a gas phase, which comprises the at least one silazane.

By chemical vapor deposition from a gas phase, which comprises at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor, an, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, partly inorganic and partly organic hybrid coating, in particular which is particularly dense, for example waterproof and in particular also moisture-proof, can advantageously be produced in a simple manner possibly even gas-tight, and both themselves and their adhesion to the substrate can be particularly hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant and, for example, siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, for example organic-inorganic hybrid polymers with siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or regions made of amorphous silicon dioxide, comprising and / or based thereon and / or can be formed therefrom.

In one embodiment, the coating takes place at a temperature in a range from 200 ° C to 400 ° C. For example, the coating can take place at a temperature in a range from ≥ 250 ° C to 350 ° C. This has proven to be particularly advantageous for the formation of a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular with at least one functional group. Such coating temperatures can be comparatively low compared to the coating temperatures of other coating processes, for example for the formation of silicon dioxide layers. Such coating temperatures can advantageously be low enough to enable, for example, a coating of circuit boards already equipped with electronics. Such a coating temperature can be achieved, for example, by a so-called semi-hot-wire process or by a so-called hot-wall process.

In a further embodiment, the gas phase is a reducing or inert gas phase. In particular, the gas phase can be a reducing gas phase. For example, the gas phase can comprise hydrogen, for example forming gas, for example nitrogen and / or argon and hydrogen. In this way, the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane or of the coating can advantageously be protected from oxidation.

In the context of a further embodiment, the gas phase comprises water. For example, the water can advantageously hydrolyze silicon-oxygen-carbon bonds (Si-OC) in the gas phase during the coating process, for example during chemical vapor deposition, to form silanols (Si-OH), which in turn are partly on the surface of the component can bind and partially condense with elimination of water, for example to form siloxanes (-Si-O-Si-) and / or structures made of silicon dioxide, in particular amorphous silicon dioxide. In the partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating that forms in the process, oxygen can come partially from the water contained in the gas phase.

In a further embodiment, the gas phase furthermore comprises at least one further organosilicon compound as a precursor, in particular for forming the coating. In this way, the properties of the coating can advantageously be set in a targeted manner.

In the context of one configuration of this embodiment, the gas phase furthermore comprises at least one further organosilicon compound with at least one further functional group as a precursor, in particular for forming the coating. The at least one further functional group can, for example, modify the properties of the coating and / or improve the coating process, for example accelerate it, and / or with the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane and / or at least one functional group of a polymer composition or one explained later The adhesive explained later can be or react with the formation of a covalent bond.

By forming a covalent bond between the at least one further functional group of the at least one further organosilicon compound and the at least one functional group Group of the at least one organosilazane, the stability and / or impermeability and / or hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance of the coating can advantageously be further improved.

By forming a covalent bond between the at least one further functional group of the at least one further organosilicon compound with the at least one functional group of the polymer compound explained later or the adhesive explained later, the connection of a plastic formed from the polymer mass or the adhesive to the coating and / or the hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance of this connection can be further improved.

The at least one further organosilicon compound with the at least one further functional group can in particular be an organosilane. In particular, the at least one further organosilicon compound with the at least one further functional group can be an organosilane with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and which comprises at least one functional group.

The at least one further functional group can, for example, in particular be an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or a nitrile group and / or comprise or be an alkoxy group.

The at least one further functional group of the at least one further organosilicon compound can in particular differ from the at least one functional group of the at least one organosilazane.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the gas phase furthermore comprises at least one organosiloxane as a precursor, in particular for forming the coating. By using the at least one organosiloxane, the silicon dioxide content of the coating can advantageously be increased. In this way, the properties of the coating can be adjusted in a targeted manner. For example, the gas phase can further comprise octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) and / or tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS) as a precursor.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment of this embodiment, the gas phase furthermore comprises at least one, for example symmetrical or asymmetrical, in particular symmetrical, silicic acid ester as a precursor, in particular for forming the coating. By using the at least one silicic acid ester, the silicon dioxide content of the coating can advantageously be increased. In this way, the properties of the coating can be adjusted in a targeted manner. In particular, the gas phase can furthermore comprise at least one, for example symmetrical or asymmetrical, in particular symmetrical, ortho-silicic acid ester as a precursor.

aufweisen. Dabei können R100, R101, R102 und R103 jeweils unabhängig voneinander für eine Alkyl-Gruppe, beispielsweise eine Methyl-Gruppe oder eine Ethyl-Gruppe oder eine Propyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine n-Propyl-Gruppe oder eine i-Propyl-Gruppe, oder eine Butyl-Gruppe, zum Beispiel eine n-Butyl-Gruppe oder eine i-Butyl-Gruppe oder eine t-Butyl-Gruppe, stehen.For example, the at least one silicic acid ester, in particular ortho-silicic acid ester, at least one silicic acid ester, in particular ortho-silicic acid ester, the general chemical formula:

exhibit. R100, R101, R102 and R103 can each independently represent an alkyl group, for example a methyl group or an ethyl group or a propyl group, for example an n- Propyl group or an i-propyl group, or a butyl group, for example an n-butyl group or an i-butyl group or a t-butyl group.

For example, the at least one silicic acid ester, in particular ortho-silicic acid ester, may comprise or be tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetrapropylyorthosilicate (TPOS) and / or tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS). By using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and / or tetrapropylyorthosilicate (TPOS), the process reliability can advantageously be increased compared to tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS).

In particular, the at least one silicic acid ester can comprise or be an ortho-silicic acid ester, in particular tetramethylorthosilicate (TMOS) and / or tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS).

In the context of a further embodiment, the substrate is a component.

For example, the substrate, in particular a component, can have a metallic surface or a plastic surface, for example based on polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or a polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene ( PP), and / or polytetrafluoroethylene pretreatment (PTFE), and / or an elastomer surface or a ceramic surface. The coating also advantageously allows plastics based on polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or a polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), and / or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) , in which plasma activation is otherwise usually required to provide a permanent basis for adhesion of adhesives and sealants, even without plasma activation, in particular permanent, high adhesion and / or seal can be achieved. For example, the substrate, in particular a component, can be a metallic component or a plastic component or a ceramic component. In particular, the metallic surface or the plastic surface or the ceramic surface of the substrate, in particular the component, can be or will be coated with the, in particular silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic coating, for example partially or completely. The substrate, in particular a component, can in particular have a metallic surface and / or be a metallic component. In particular, the metallic surface can be coated with the coating, for example partially or completely. The coating can protect the metallic surface from corrosion. In addition, the coating can have a particularly high level of adhesion on metallic surfaces. For example, the substrate, in particular a component, can have a metallic surface made of copper and / or made of a copper alloy and / or made of aluminum and / or made of an aluminum alloy and / or made of silver and / or made of a silver alloy and / or made of steel, for example a stainless steel alloy, for example a magnesium-stainless steel alloy. For example, the substrate, in particular the component, can be a metallic component made of copper and / or made of a copper alloy and / or made of aluminum and / or made of an aluminum alloy and / or made of silver and / or made of a silver alloy and / or or made of steel, for example a stainless steel alloy, for example a magnesium-stainless steel alloy.

For example, the component can comprise or be an electronic and / or electrical component. For example, the component can be a sensor, for example a current sensor and / or battery sensor, or a component of a sensor, for example a shunt, for example made of copper and / or manganin, for a sensor, for example a current sensor and / or battery sensor, and / or an electronic one Circuit, for example, which silicon chips and / or low-temperature fired ceramics (LTCC; English: Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) and / or a printed circuit board, for example a printed circuit board equipped with electronics, and / or a, in particular electronic, control device , and / or a flux concentrator and / or an, in particular electrical, conductor, for example a phase connector and / or a phase tap.

Before coating, the substrate, in particular the component, can optionally be cleaned, for example degreased and / or pickled and / or washed, and / or, for example in a forming gas atmosphere, dried and / or heat-treated.

In a further embodiment, the method is designed to produce a component-plastic composite. The substrate is a component.

The method here comprises method step a), in which a component or the component is coated with a coating or the coating, in particular with at least one functional group, using a coating method according to the invention.

The method further includes method step b), in which a polymer compound is applied to the coating.

A polymer mass can in particular be understood to mean a mass which comprises or contains at least one polymer and / or at least one prepolymer and / or at least one oligomer and / or monomer for forming a polymer and / or prepolymer.

The polymer mass can, for example, be designed to form a plastic and / or comprise a plastic, for example a softened or melted or dissolved plastic. The polymer mass can optionally be an adhesive.

In addition, the method includes method step c), in which the polymer mass is solidified to form the plastic.

In one embodiment, in particular in method step b), the polymer mass is designed to form a thermoset or thermoset plastic. The polymer mass, in particular in process step b), can be, for example, a resin formulation for forming a thermoset or thermoset plastic. The resin formulation for forming a thermosetting plastic can in particular comprise or contain a resin for forming a thermosetting plastic or thermosetting plastic. The at least one resin for forming a thermoset or thermoset plastic can be, for example, a synthetic resin or a synthetic resin. The polymer mass, for example the resin formulation, in particular in process step c), can be solidified to form the thermoset or thermoset plastic, for example, hardened, for example by chemical crosslinking. A thermoset can also be referred to as a thermoset plastic or as a Duromer or Thermodur. A thermoset or thermoset plastic can in particular by curing a resin formulation, in particular a resin contained in a resin formulation, for example a synthetic resin or synthetic resin, in particular which before curing in the form of a meltable solid and / or a liquid or viscous and / or highly viscous Material can be present, obtainable or formed. The resin formulation and the thermoset or thermoset plastic formed therefrom can for example be filled or compounded with at least one filler or else unfilled or uncompounded. After curing, the thermoset or thermoset plastic can in particular be resistant to deformation.

In the context of a further embodiment, in particular in method step b), the polymer mass is designed to form an elastomer or elastic plastic. The polymer mass, in particular in process step b), can comprise, for example, at least one rubber and / or at least one melted and / or dissolved thermoplastic elastomer. The polymer mass, in particular in process step c), can be solidified to form the elastomer or elastic plastic, for example by chemical and / or physical crosslinking.

In another embodiment, in particular in method step b), the polymer mass is designed to form a thermoplastic or thermoplastic plastic and / or comprises a softened or melted or dissolved thermoplastic. The polymer mass, in particular in process step c), can be solidified to form the thermoplastic or thermoplastic.

The component-plastic composite can, for example, be a sensor encapsulation and / or an encased and / or encapsulated electronic circuit, for example which silicon chips and / or low-temperature fired ceramics (LTCC; English: Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) and / or a printed circuit board, for example a printed circuit board equipped with electronics, and / or a lead-through of an, in particular electrical, conductor through a thermosetting plastic.

In the context of a further embodiment, the method for producing a composite component is designed with an adhesive connection. The substrate is a component, in particular a first component. If necessary, a first component and a second component are used as a substrate and coated with the coating method according to the invention.

In this case, the method comprises, in particular, a method step A) in which a, in particular first, component is coated with a coating, in particular with at least one functional group, using a coating method according to the invention.

Furthermore, the method comprises in particular a method step B) in which an adhesive is applied to the coating of the, in particular the first, component.

In addition, the method can include, for example, a method step C) in which a, in particular a second, component is applied to the adhesive.

Optionally, for example in method step A), the second component can also be coated with a coating, in particular with at least one functional group, using a coating method according to the invention. In method step C), the coating of the second component can in particular be applied to the adhesive.

Before coating, the substrate, in particular the component or components, can optionally be cleaned in this process, for example degreased and / or pickled and / or washed, and / or, for example in a forming gas atmosphere, dried and / or heat-treated.

In a further embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive comprises at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer with at least one repeating unit with at least one functional group and / or at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent with at least one functional group Group and / or at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, with at least one functional group.

In particular, a reaction of the at least one functional group of the coating with the at least one functional group, in particular the at least one repeating unit of the at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer and / or the at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent and / or the at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, the polymer mass or the adhesive, a covalent bond can be formed between the coating and the plastic or adhesive, in particular formed from the polymer mass. The covalent bond can advantageously achieve a particularly strong and, in particular, hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant connection of the adhesive to the coating, which can be significantly stronger, in particular at least a factor of 10 stronger, than purely physical adhesion or adhesion (physisorption) . In this way, a particularly strong, and in particular also particularly long-lasting, component-plastic composite or a particularly strong, and in particular also particularly long-lasting, adhesive connection can be achieved between the components of the component composite. Because the polymer mass has at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer with at least one repeating unit with at least one functional group and / or at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent with at least one functional group and / or at least one Comprises crosslinking agents with at least one functional group, in particular a high number of chemical attachment points and thus a high number of covalent bonds between the hybrid layer and the elastomer can be realized and thereby a further strengthened bond of the elastomer to the hybrid layer can be achieved. A particularly long-lasting, strong and dense bond between the component, the hybrid layer and the plastic or adhesive can thus be achieved.

Within the scope of a further embodiment, the at least one functional group, for example the at least one repeating unit of the at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer and / or of the at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent and / or of the at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, of the polymer mass or of the adhesive, an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a vinyl group, for example in the form of a, in particular, single or single group , Vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an epoxy group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a hydrosilane group, for example an Si — H group.

In one configuration of this embodiment, the at least one functional group, for example the at least one repeating unit of the at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer and / or of the at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent and / or the at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, the polymer mass or the adhesive an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a vinyl group, for example in the form of a, in particular single or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or an ethenylene group.

The at least one functional group of the coating and / or of the at least one organosilazane can in particular also be an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a vinyl group, for example in the form of an, in particular, single or alone, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or an ethenylene group be.

By means of an, in particular radical, reaction, for example addition reaction, of the at least one unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, the coating with the at least one unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable Carbon-carbon double bond, the adhesive alkylene units are formed, via which a covalent bond can advantageously be formed between the coating and the adhesive.

In the case of sulfur vulcanization of the polymer mass or the adhesive, the at least one functional group of the coating and / or of the at least one organosilazane can - alternatively or additionally - be a thiol group and / or a thiocarbamate group, for example a thion urethane Group and / or a thiol urethane group and / or a dithiourethane group, comprise or be. These functional groups can advantageously also crosslink during sulfur vulcanization of the polymer mass or the adhesive to form the elastomer with the formation of sulfur bridges and / or thioether units and in this way form a covalent bond between the coating and the elastomer.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the at least one functional group, for example the at least one repeating unit of the at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer and / or of the at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent and / or the at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, the polymer mass or the adhesive an epoxy group.

The at least one functional group of the coating and / or of the at least one organosilazane can in particular comprise an amino group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a thiol group and / or a carboxylic acid group and / or an epoxy group or be.

An epoxy group can react with an amino group, for example, to form a secondary or tertiary amine unit bridging via a covalent bond. In particular, a hydroxyl group can be formed on a carbon atom which is adjacent to the carbon atom substituted with the amine group.

An epoxy group can react with a hydroxyl group, for example, in particular via an addition reaction, to form an ether unit bridging via a covalent bond. On one Carbon atom which is adjacent to the carbon atom substituted with the ether group can in particular form a hydroxyl group.

An epoxy group can react with a thiol group, for example, in particular via an addition reaction, to form a thioether unit (R-S-R *) bridging via a covalent bond. In particular, a hydroxyl group can be formed on a carbon atom which is adjacent to the carbon atom substituted with the thioether unit.

An epoxy group can react with a carboxylic acid group, for example, in particular via an addition reaction, to form a carboxylic acid ester unit bridging via a covalent bond. In particular, a hydroxyl group can be formed on a carbon atom which is adjacent to the carbon atom substituted with the carboxylic acid ester unit.

An epoxy group can, for example, react with an epoxy group to form an ether unit bridging via a covalent bond or polymerize to a polyether.

A reaction, in particular an addition reaction, of the epoxy group of the polymer composition or of the adhesive with the amino group and / or hydroxyl group and / or thiol group and / or carboxylic acid group and / or epoxy group of the coating can thus advantageously a covalent bond can be formed between the coating and the adhesive.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the at least one functional group, for example the at least one repeating unit of the at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer and / or of the at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent and / or the at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, the polymer composition or the adhesive has a hydroxyl group.

The at least one functional group of the coating and / or of the at least one organosilazane can in particular comprise or be an epoxy group and / or a carboxylic acid group and / or a thiol group.

Through a reaction, in particular an addition reaction or an esterification reaction or a condensation reaction, the hydroxyl group of the adhesive with the epoxy group and / or carboxylic acid group and / or thiol group of the coating can ether units or carboxylic acid ester units or thioether units are formed, via which a covalent bond can advantageously be formed between the coating and the adhesive.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the at least one functional group, for example the at least one repeating unit of the at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer and / or of the at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent and / or the at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, the polymer composition or the adhesive, a hydrosilane group, for example an Si — H group.

The at least one functional group of the coating and / or of the at least one organosilazane can in particular be an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a vinyl group, for example in the form of a, in particular, single or single , Vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example allyl group, and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or an ethenylene group .

By means of a reaction, in particular hydrosilylation reaction, of the hydrosilane group, for example Si-H group, of the polymer mass or of the adhesive to the unsaturated, functional group of the coating, silicon-carbon bonds can be formed, via which advantageously a covalent bond between the Coating and the elastomer formed from the polymer mass can be formed.

In a further embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive comprises a resin formulation and / or a resin, in particular to form a thermosetting plastic, and / or a thermoplastic elastomer and / or a thermoplastic and / or a, in particular chemically crosslinked, for example conventional, elastomer and / or a rubber.

A thermoset plastic can also be referred to as a thermoset or Duromer or Thermodur. A thermosetting plastic can in particular by curing a Resin formulation, in particular a resin contained in a resin formulation, for example a synthetic resin or synthetic resin, in particular which can be in the form of a fusible solid and / or a liquid or viscous and / or highly viscous material before curing, can be obtained or formed. The resin formulation or the resin, in particular for forming a thermosetting plastic, and the thermosetting plastic formed therefrom can for example be filled or compounded with at least one filler or else unfilled or uncompounded. After curing, the thermosetting plastic can in particular be resistant to deformation.

A thermoplastic can also be referred to as a plastomer or thermoplastic material. A thermoplastic can in particular be a plastic which can be plastically deformed when heated to a certain temperature range and can solidify again by cooling. In the case of thermoplastics, this process is essentially reversible, which means that it can be repeated as often as required by reheating to the specific temperature range and cooling, for example as long as there is no thermal or oxidative damage to the material. When heated to the specific temperature range, thermoplastics can soften, initially especially when their glass transition temperature is exceeded, which is also referred to as the thermoplastic state, and then, in particular after exceeding a certain thermoplasticity range, melt, which is also referred to as the flowable or molten state. Thermoplastics are usually made up of linear or only slightly branched polymer chains, between which - compared to chemical bonds - there are weak physical binding forces.

An elastomer can also be referred to as an elast or elastic plastic. An elastomer can, in particular, be an elastically deformable plastic, which can be elastically deformed under load and, after being relieved, can essentially assume its original, undeformed shape again. In the case of, in particular conventional, elastomers which are based on rubbers, polymer chains in particular can be tangled into so-called polymer coils and chemically, in particular covalently, crosslinked in a wide-meshed manner. In the case of, in particular conventional, elastomers, in particular those based on rubber, the chemical crosslinking can be referred to as vulcanization, wherein the products of vulcanization can also be referred to as vulcanizates. Chemically crosslinked, especially conventional, elastomers are generally not meltable.

A rubber can be understood in particular as a material from which an, in particular conventional, elastomer can be formed by chemical crosslinking, for example vulcanization.

However, there are also thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) which can be elastically deformed under load and essentially return to their original, undeformed shape after relief, but in contrast to chemically crosslinked, especially conventional, elastomers, can be melted in a certain temperature range. In contrast to chemically crosslinked, in particular conventional, elastomers, thermoplastic elastomers can be physically crosslinked, particularly in partial areas, for example via physical crosslinking points, for example based on crystallites and / or secondary valence forces.

When subjected to tensile stress, elastomers can react by stretching and / or disentangling coiled polymer chains. In the event of a tensile load, the polymer chains can preferably align themselves in the direction of the tensile load and the elastomer can expand in this way. When the load is relieved, the polymer chains can resume their coiled conformation and the elastomer can pull together again, which is also known as entropy elasticity.

In a further embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive comprises an unsaturated polyester resin (UP) and / or a vinyl ester resin (VE) and / or an epoxy resin (EP) and / or an acrylic resin and / or a polyurethane resin (PUR) and / or a Silicone and / or a thermoplastic elastomer and / or a thermoplastic and / or an in particular chemically crosslinked, for example conventional, elastomer and / or a rubber. Such adhesives can have good hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance, for example to oil.

In the context of one configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises an epoxy resin (EP resin). The adhesive can also be referred to as an epoxy adhesive. Formed from epoxy resins Thermosetting plastics or adhesive bonds can advantageously have a negligible swelling tendency, in particular under the influence of moisture and possibly also under the influence of other media. In this way, internal stresses caused by swelling, which could lead to a reduction in adhesion, tightness and stability, can be avoided. In addition, adhesive connections based thereon can have high hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance, which can be advantageous in particular with regard to permanent adhesion, permanent tightness and permanent stability of the composite. Epoxy resins are also characterized by low (reaction) shrinkage when hardening to form a thermoset plastic or adhesive. An epoxy resin can in particular be understood as meaning a synthetic resin or a synthetic resin which comprises at least one monomer or prepolymer with epoxy groups, in particular with more than one epoxy group. The at least one prepolymer with epoxy groups can, for example, be a polyether with at least two terminal epoxy groups, for example a bisphenol diglycidyl ether, for example a bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, for example produced or obtainable by reacting at least one bisphenol with epichlorohydrin, and / or a novolak with epoxy groups, for example in the form of glycidyl groups, for example produced or obtainable by reacting at least one phenol with formaldehyde and then reacting with epichlorohydrin. Furthermore, an epoxy resin can in particular at least one hardener, for example at least one amine hardener, for example 1,3-diaminobenzene and / or diethylenetriamine and / or 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylamine), and / or at least one acidic hardener, for example at least a dicarboxylic anhydride such as hexahydrophthalic anhydride.

An epoxy resin can thus comprise, for example, at least one monomer or prepolymer with epoxy groups and at least one hardener. The epoxy groups can be crosslinked in an addition reaction with functional groups of the at least one hardener and cure to form a thermoset plastic. Optionally, an epoxy resin can furthermore comprise at least one accelerator and / or at least one inhibitor.

Epoxy resins have proven to be particularly advantageous because they have at least one repeating unit with epoxy groups as a functional group, which can react with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond. Epoxy groups can advantageously react with amine groups and / or hydroxyl groups and / or thiol groups and / or carboxylic acid groups and / or epoxy groups to form a covalent bond. Thus, the at least one functional group of the coating can in particular comprise or be an amine group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a thiol group and / or a carboxylic acid group and / or an epoxy group. A covalent bond can thus be established by means of an, in particular addition, reaction of the at least one epoxy group of the epoxy resin with the amine group and / or hydroxyl group and / or thiol group and / or carboxylic acid group and / or epoxy group of the coating be formed.

In addition, in the case of epoxy resins, the at least one hardener can react with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond. In the case of an aminic hardener, the at least one functional group of the coating can for this purpose comprise, for example, an epoxy group and / or a carboxylic acid group. In the case of an acidic hardener, the at least one functional group of the coating can for this purpose comprise, for example, an epoxy group and / or an amine group and / or hydroxyl group and / or thiol group. Thus, alternatively or additionally, a reaction of the hardener of the epoxy resin with such a functional group of the coating can advantageously form a covalent bond.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises an unsaturated polyester resin (UP resin). Thermosetting plastics or adhesive bonds formed from unsaturated polyester resins can advantageously have a negligibly low swelling tendency, in particular under the influence of moisture and possibly also under the influence of other media. In this way, internal stresses caused by swelling, which could lead to a reduction in adhesion, tightness and stability, can be avoided. In addition, adhesive connections based thereon can have high hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance, which can be advantageous in particular with regard to permanent adhesion, permanent tightness and permanent stability of the composite. In comparison to epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins can also contain significantly fewer or even hardly any or no production-related ionic impurities and / or be significantly cheaper. Under an unsaturated polyester resin can in particular a resin, in particular synthetic resin or synthetic resin, which is a, in particular oligomeric or polymeric, condensation product of at least one diol with at least one dicarboxylic acid with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and / or with at least one dicarboxylic acid anhydride with at least one comprises radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond. Such condensation products can also be referred to as unsaturated polyesters, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond.

The condensation product or the unsaturated polyester can in particular by condensation, for example polycondensation, of at least one diol, for example neopentyl glycol (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-diol) and / or 1,2-propanediol and / or ethylene glycol and / or Diethylene glycol and / or 1,3-butanediol and / or 1,4-butanediol, with at least one dicarboxylic acid with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example maleic acid and / or tetrahydrophthalic acid and / or fumaric acid, and / or with at least a dicarboxylic anhydride with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example maleic anhydride and / or tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, can be produced or obtainable. In this condensation, for example polycondensation, a linear or uncrosslinked condensation product or a linear or uncrosslinked unsaturated polyester can, for example, first be produced. The at least one diol can in particular comprise or be neopentyl glycol (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-diol). In this way, an increased resistance to hydrolysis can advantageously be achieved. In addition to the at least one dicarboxylic acid with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and / or to the at least one dicarboxylic acid anhydride with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, in the production of the condensation product or the unsaturated polyester or the unsaturated polyester resin at least one dicarboxylic acid without a radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example adipic acid and / or phthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid, and / or at least one dicarboxylic acid anhydride without a radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example phthalic anhydride, can be used. Since aromatic carbon-carbon bonds cannot be polymerized by free radicals, polyesters or polyester resins which only contain aromatic and aliphatic carbon-carbon bonds, for example polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), are not unsaturated Polyesters or not counted among the unsaturated polyester resins. Furthermore, an unsaturated polyester resin can in particular comprise at least one monomer with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example styrene and / or methyl methacrylate and / or diallyl phthalate, in particular which can copolymerize with the condensation product or unsaturated polyester. In addition, an unsaturated polyester resin can, for example, comprise at least one initiator, in particular a peroxide initiator, for example dibenzoyl peroxide and / or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.

An unsaturated polyester resin can thus, for example, be a, in particular linear or uncrosslinked, condensation product of at least one diol with at least one dicarboxylic acid with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and / or with at least one dicarboxylic acid anhydride with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond or an, in particular linear or uncrosslinked, unsaturated polyester with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, at least one monomer with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and at least one initiator. In this case, the condensation product or the at least one monomer with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and the at least one monomer with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond can be formed by a, in particular radical, polymerization, for example copolymerization, of the condensation product or the unsaturated polyester with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond the unsaturated polyester are crosslinked and the unsaturated polyester resin harden to form a thermosetting plastic. Optionally, an unsaturated polyester resin can furthermore comprise at least one accelerator and / or at least one inhibitor.

Unsaturated polyester resins have proven to be particularly advantageous because they have at least one repeating unit with at least one unsaturated functional group with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, which can react with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond. The at least one functional group of the coating can in particular be an unsaturated functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in the form of a particularly simple or sole vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example Allyl group, and / or an ethenylene group comprise or be. By a radical addition reaction of the at least one unsaturated, functional group with the at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond of the unsaturated polyester and / or of the at least one monomer of the unsaturated polyester resin with the at least one unsaturated, functional group, in particular with the at least one radical polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, the coating can thus advantageously be formed a covalent bond.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises a vinyl ester resin (VE resin). Thermosetting plastics or adhesive bonds formed from vinyl ester resins can advantageously have a negligibly low tendency to swell, in particular under the influence of moisture and possibly also under the influence of other media. In this way, internal stresses caused by swelling, which could lead to a reduction in adhesion, tightness and stability, can be avoided. In addition, adhesive connections based thereon can have high hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance, which can be advantageous in particular with regard to permanent adhesion, permanent tightness and permanent stability of the composite. Compared to epoxy resins, vinyl ester resins can also contain significantly fewer or even hardly any or no production-related ionic impurities and / or be significantly cheaper. In addition, vinyl ester resins can advantageously be more resistant to hydrolytic degradation than polyester resins. A vinyl ester resin can in particular be understood as meaning a synthetic resin or a synthetic resin which comprises at least one vinyl ester with at least one, in particular with more than one, free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond. The at least one vinyl ester can in particular be produced or obtainable by reaction, for example esterification, of at least one epoxy resin with methacrylic acid and / or acrylic acid. In this reaction, for example esterification, an, in particular uncrosslinked, prepolymer can, for example, first be prepared. Furthermore, a vinyl ester resin can in particular comprise at least one monomer with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example styrene and / or methyl methacrylate and / or diallyl phthalate. In addition, a vinyl ester resin can in particular comprise at least one initiator, in particular a peroxide initiator, for example dibenzoyl peroxide and / or methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.

A vinyl ester resin can thus for example comprise at least one vinyl ester with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, at least one monomer with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and at least one initiator. In this case, by a, in particular radical, polymerization, for example copolymerization, between the at least one vinyl ester with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond and the at least one monomer with the at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example the at least one vinyl ester are crosslinked and harden the vinyl ester resin to form a thermosetting plastic. Optionally, a vinyl ester resin can furthermore comprise at least one accelerator and / or at least one inhibitor.

In the case of novolak vinyl esters, for example, at least one diisocyanate can also be used. This can enable additional crosslinking between hydroxyl groups of the prepolymer with the formation of urethane groups. Such vinyl ester resins can also be referred to as vinyl ester urethane resins (VEU resins) and can advantageously have a particularly high temperature resistance.

Vinyl ester resins have proven to be particularly advantageous because they have at least one repeating unit with at least one unsaturated, functional group with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, which can react with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond. The at least one functional group of the coating can in particular be an unsaturated functional group, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or a vinyl group, for example in In the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example an allyl group, and / or an ethenylene group. By means of a radical addition reaction of the at least one unsaturated, functional group with the at least one radical polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond of the vinyl ester and / or the at least one monomer of the vinyl ester resin with the at least one unsaturated functional group, in particular with the at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, the coating can thus form a covalent bond. In addition, vinyl ester resins can have at least one repeating unit with at least one hydroxyl group, which can react with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond. For this purpose, the at least one functional group of the coating can comprise, for example, an epoxy group and / or a carboxylic acid group and / or an amino group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a thiol group. By means of an addition reaction or an esterification reaction or a condensation reaction of the hydroxyl group of the vinyl ester with the epoxy group and / or carboxylic acid group and / or amino group and / or hydroxyl group and / or thiol group of the coating, an additional covalent Bond are formed.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises an acrylic resin. The adhesive can in particular also be referred to as an acrylate adhesive. For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise a methacrylate resin and / or acrylate resin and / or cyanoacrylate resin. Methacrylate resins can have at least one repeating unit with a methacrylate group as a functional group. Acrylate resins can have at least one repeating unit with an acrylate group as a functional group. Cyanoacrylate resins can have at least one repeating unit with a cyanoacrylate group as a functional group.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises a polyurethane resin (PUR). The adhesive can in particular also be referred to as a polyurethane adhesive. Polyurethane resins can in particular be formed by a polyaddition reaction of diols and / or polyols with diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises a silicone, for example a silicone resin or a silicone rubber.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises an, in particular chemically crosslinked, for example conventional, elastomer and / or a rubber.

For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can be silicone rubber and / or a fluorinated elastomer, for example fluorosilicone rubber and / or fluorine rubber and / or perfluoro rubber and / or tetrafluoroethylene rubber, and / or isoprene rubber and / or Butyl rubber and / or butadiene rubber and / or styrene-butadiene rubber and / or acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and / or hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and / or chloroprene rubber and / or ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber and / or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and / or epichlorohydrin rubber and / or polyurethane rubber and / or polyacrylate rubber and / or natural rubber.

Silicone rubber can in particular be based on at least one poly (organo) siloxane with crosslinkable groups. Examples of silicone rubbers are methyl silicones (MQ), vinyl methyl silicones (VMQ), phenyl vinyl methyl silicones (PVMQ), phenyl modified silicones (PMQ), fluoroalkyl silicones (FMQ) and / or fluorine Vinyl-Methyl-Silicones (FVMQ). Silicone rubbers have siloxane units in the main chain and can have a large number of functional groups, for example with at least one unsaturated functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example with at least one vinyl group, for example in In the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example allyl group, and / or methacrylate group and / or acrylate group and / or ethenylene group , and / or with at least one hydroxyl group and / or with at least one hydrosilane group, for example SiH group, substituted, in particular functionalized. One-component silicone rubbers can, for example, crosslink via similar functional groups, in particular chemically. Two-component silicone rubbers, such as liquid silicones (LSR; English: Liquid Silicon Rubber), can, for example, have functional groups that differ from one another, for example via an addition reaction of a hydrosilane group, for example an Si-H group, to an unsaturated, functional Group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon Double bond, for example a vinyl group, which can also be referred to as hydrosilylation, in particular chemically, crosslink.

The fluorinated elastomers can include, for example, fluorosilicone rubber, fluorine rubber, perfluoro rubber and tetrafluoroethylene rubber.

Fluorosilicone rubber can in particular be based on at least one fluorinated silicone rubber. Fluorosilicone rubbers can also have siloxane units in the main chain and with a large number of functional groups, for example with at least one unsaturated functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example with at least one vinyl group, for example in In the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example allyl group, and / or methacrylate group and / or acrylate group and / or ethenylene group , and / or with at least one hydroxyl group and / or with at least one hydrosilane group, for example SiH group, substituted, in particular functionalized.

Fluorinated rubber can at least be based on 1,1-difluoro-ethylene CF ₂ = CH ₂ (vinylidene (di) fluoride (VDF)) as a monomeric component and / or can be designated with the technical abbreviation FKM (formerly FPM). Perfluoro rubber can, in particular, be based on perfluorinated, monomeric components and / or be referred to with the technical abbreviation FFKM or FFPM. Tetrafluoroethylene rubber can in particular be based on tetrafluoroethylene. An example of this is tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber with the technical abbreviation FEPM or TFE / P.

Chloroprene rubber (CR), which can also be referred to as polychloroprene or chloroprene rubber, can be based on a polymerization of 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene (chloroprene). Chloroprene rubber can have an unsaturated main chain and chlorine side groups. Chloroprene rubbers can in particular have a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group and also a repeating unit with a vinyl group as a functional group.

Ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber (EPM, E / P) can be based on a copolymer of ethene and propene

Epichlorohydrin rubber can in particular be based on epichlorohydrin as a monomeric component. Examples of these are homopolymers of epichlorohydrin (CO), copolymers, for example copolymers of epichlorohydrin and ethylene oxide (ECO), and terpolymers, for example terpolymers of epichlorohydrin, ethylene oxide and a diene with a pendant double bond (ETER).

Polyurethane rubber (AU, PU, PUR), which can also be referred to as polyurethane elastomer, can in particular be formed by a polyaddition reaction of diols and / or polyols with diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates.

Polyacrylate rubber, which can also be referred to as acrylate rubber, can in particular be based on at least one acrylic acid alkyl ester, such as ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and / or propyl acrylate, as a monomeric component. Examples are polyacrylate rubbers (ACM) based on copolymers or terpolymers of ethyl acrylate and optionally at least one further acrylate, in particular with a vulcanization-supporting monomer, and / or acrylate-ethylene rubbers (AEM), which are also called ethylene-acrylate Rubbers can be designated and based on a polymer of ethylene-methyl acrylate, such as, for example, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers with a crosslinkable monomer, for example with carboxylic acid groups.

Silicone rubber and / or fluorinated elastomers, for example fluorosilicone rubber, fluorine rubber, perfluoro rubber and / or tetrafluoroethylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, polyurethane rubber and / or polyacrylate -Rubber are usually processed by chemical crosslinking mechanisms other than sulfur vulcanization, for example by means of at least one, in particular organic, peroxide and / or by means of at least one amine and / or by means of at least one bisphenol and / or by means of at least one metal salt, for example metal oxide , as a crosslinking agent, for example vulcanizing agent, and / or by means of high-energy radiation and / or thermally, chemically crosslinked or vulcanized. During the crosslinking, reactions with functional groups of the coating can advantageously occur, by means of which covalent bonds can be formed between the coating and the adhesive.

Natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and ethylene-propylene-diene rubber can be used for example by means of sulfur vulcanization, for example with sulfur and / or a sulfur compound, such as disulfur dichloride (S ₂ Cl ₂ ), as a crosslinking agent, in particular a vulcanizing agent, can be chemically crosslinked or vulcanized. The sulfur-containing vulcanizing agent can advantageously also react with functional groups of the coating, for example with unsaturated functional groups such as vinyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, and / or with thiocarbamate groups and / or thiol groups of the coating, and covalent bonds between the coating and the elastomer in the form of sulfur bridges.

In contrast to synthetic rubbers, natural rubber (NR) has a natural origin and can essentially be based on a cis-1,4-polyisoprene. The cis-1,4-polyisoprene can have an unsaturated main chain with methyl side groups and thus in particular a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group.

Isoprene rubber (IR) has an artificial or synthetic origin and - like natural rubber - can be based on cis-1,4-polyisoprene. Isoprene rubber can therefore also have an unsaturated main chain with methyl side groups and thus in particular also have a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group. In addition, isoprene rubbers can have a repeating unit with a vinyl group as a functional group.

Butyl rubber (IIR), which can also be referred to as isobutene-isoprene rubber, can be based on a copolymer of isobutene and isoprene. Butyl rubber can also have an unsaturated main chain with methyl side groups and thus in particular also have a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group. In addition, butyl rubber can also have a repeating unit with a vinyl group as a functional group.

Butadiene rubber (BR), which can also be referred to as polybutadiene, can be based on a homopolymer of 1,3-butadiene. Butadiene rubber can have an unsaturated main chain and thus in particular also a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group and / or unsaturated side groups. In addition, butadiene rubber may have a repeating unit with a vinyl group as a functional group.

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), which can also be referred to as styrene-butadiene copolymer (SB), can be based on a copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and styrene. Styrene-butadiene rubber can have an unsaturated main chain with phenyl side groups and thus in particular also a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group.

Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), which can also be referred to as nitrile rubber, can be based on a copolymer of acrylonitrile and 1,3-butadiene. Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) can have an unsaturated main chain with nitrile side groups and thus in particular a repeat unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group and a repeat unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group.

Hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), on the other hand, can be based on a selective hydrogenation of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber can therefore have a weaker unsaturated main chain than acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. However, hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber can also have a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group.

Ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers (EPDM) can in particular be based on a terpolymer of ethene, propene and a diene. Ethylene-propylene-diene rubber can have an unsaturated main chain with methyl side groups and thus in particular a repeating unit with an ethenylene group as a functional group.

For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can be silicone rubber and / or fluorosilicone rubber and / or fluorine rubber and / or perfluoro rubber and / or tetrafluoroethylene rubber and / or ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber and / or ethylene-propylene -Diene rubber and / or epichlorohydrin rubber and / or isoprene rubber and / or butyl rubber and / or butadiene rubber and / or styrene-butadiene rubber and / or acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and / or hydrogenated Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and / or chloroprene rubber. These rubbers can be advantageous in terms of hydrolysis resistance and media resistance.

For example, the polymer composition or the adhesive can be isoprene rubber and / or butyl rubber and / or butadiene rubber and / or styrene-butadiene rubber and / or acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and / or hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber and / or chloroprene Rubber and / or silicone rubber and / or fluorosilicone rubber and / or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and / or epichlorohydrin rubber. These rubbers can be advantageous with regard to hydrolysis resistance and / or media resistance and can also be advantageous with regard to a covalent attachment of the plastic to the coating.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises a thermoplastic elastomer. The thermoplastic elastomer, for example, softens or melted or dissolved, in particular melted or dissolved, applied to the coating and in particular by means of physical crosslinking or physical crosslinking, for example by cooling or by a polymerization reaction, for example by a block copolymerization reaction and / or graft Copolymerization reaction, of at least one compound serving as a solvent, for example of at least one monomer and / or oligomer, and / or by drying, for example by slow evaporation at elevated temperature, solidified.

The at least one thermoplastic elastomer can be a block copolymer, for example. For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise a styrene-based and / or amide-based and / or urethane-based and / or ester-based thermoplastic elastomer.

Styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPS) can in particular be based on a polystyrene, in particular on a styrene block copolymer. For example, a styrene-based thermoplastic elastomer can be styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) and / or styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS) and / or styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymer (SEPS) and / or styrene-ethylene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymer (SEEPS) and / or styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers (SIS) and / or methacrylate-butadiene-styrene block copolymer ( MBS) include or be. Styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers can advantageously have a particularly high resistance to hydrolysis and media resistance.

Amide-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPA) can in particular be based on a polyamide, for example on a polyamide block copolymer. For example, an amide-based thermoplastic elastomer can be a polyamide block copolymer with polyether soft segments (TPA-ET), for example a polyether-polyamide block copolymer, for example a polyamide-polyethylene oxide-polyamide block copolymer, such as a Polyamide 6-polyethylene oxide-polyamide 6 block copolymer (PA6-PEO-PA6), and / or a polyamide block copolymer with polyester soft segments (TPA-ES) and / or a polyamide block copolymer with soft segments with ether and ester bonds (TPA-EE) include or be. Amide-based thermoplastic elastomers can advantageously have an even higher media resistance, in particular with regard to oils, and also a higher temperature resistance than styrene-based thermoplastic elastomers.

Urethane-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPU) can in particular be based on a polyurethane, for example a polyurethane block copolymer. For example, a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polyester soft segments (TPU-ARES) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polyether soft segments (TPU-ARET) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic Hard segments and soft segments with ether and ester bonds (TPU-AREE) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polycarbonate soft segments (TPU-ARCE) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polycaprolactone - Soft segments (TPU-ARCL) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aliphatic hard segments and polyester soft segments (TPU-ALES) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aliphatic hard segments and / or polyether soft segments (TPU-ALET ) include or be.

Urethane-based thermoplastic elastomers can advantageously also have high media resistance. In particular, a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer can be a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polyether soft segments (TPU-ARET) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polycarbonate soft segments (TPU-ARCE) and / or a polyurethane -Block copolymer with aromatic hard segments and polycaprolactone soft segments (TPU-ARCL) and / or a polyurethane block copolymer with aliphatic hard segments and / or polyether soft segments (TPU-ALET) comprise or be. These urethane-based thermoplastic elastomers can advantageously have both high media resistance and high hydrolysis resistance.

Ester-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPC) can in particular be based on a polyester, for example on a polyester block copolymer. For example, the at least one ester-based thermoplastic elastomer of the polymer mass or the adhesive can be a polyester block copolymer with polyether soft segments (TPC-ET), for example a polyester-polyethylene oxide-polyester block copolymer, such as polybutylene terephthalate-polyethylene oxide-polybutylene terephthalate -Block-Co-Polymer (PBT-PEO-PBT), and / or a polyester-block-copolymer with polyester-soft segments (TPC-ES) and / or a polyester-block-copolymer with soft segments with ether and ester bonds (TPC-EE) include or be.

In particular, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise a styrene-based and / or amide-based and / or urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer. Styrene-based, amide-based and urethane-based thermoplastic elastomers have proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to high media resistance and hydrolysis resistance.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional configuration of this embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive, in particular with the at least one functional group, comprises a thermoplastic. The thermoplastic can, for example, be softened or melted or dissolved, in particular melted or dissolved, applied to the coating and in particular by means of physical crosslinking or physical crosslinking, for example by cooling or by a polymerization reaction, for example by a block copolymerization reaction and / or graft Copolymerization reaction, of at least one compound serving as a solvent, for example of at least one monomer and / or oligomer, and / or by drying, for example by slow evaporation at elevated temperature, solidified.

In one embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise at least one monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent that can be polymerized with or to form a thermoplastic. The solidification of the polymer mass or the adhesive to form the thermoplastic can take place in particular by means of a polymerization reaction, for example by means of a copolymerization reaction and / or graft copolymerization reaction. In this way, skin formation and / or internal stresses in the thermoplastic and / or for the coating can advantageously be avoided and, in particular, high stability and / or adhesion and / or tightness of the component assembly can be achieved. For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise at least one cyclic monomer or oligomer, for example at least one lactam, for example caprolactam and / or laurolactam. The at least one cyclic monomer or oligomer, for example the at least one lactam, for example caprolactam and / or laurolactam, for example through a ring-opening polymerization reaction, for example with and / or to a polymer, for example polyamide, for example PA6 and / or 12, polymerize . Or the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise, for example, styrene and / or at least one styrene derivative. The styrene or styrene derivative can polymerize, for example, with and / or to polystyrene and / or a polystyrene derivative. Or the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise, for example, methyl methacrylate (MMA) and / or at least one methyl methacrylate derivative. The methyl methacrylate (MMA) and / or the at least one methyl methacrylate derivative can polymerize, for example with and / or to form polymethyl methacrylate.

In a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive can have at least one monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent polymerizable with or to form a thermoplastic with at least one, in particular with the at least one, functional group of the coating with the formation of a covalent bond include reactable functional group. A covalent bond between the coating and the thermoplastic and thus a particularly strong bond between the thermoplastic and the coating can advantageously also be achieved through a reaction of the functional groups, which further increases the stability and / or adhesion and / or tightness of the component assembly can be. For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can be styrene and / or at least one styrene derivative with at least one, in particular with the at least one, functional group of the coating with the formation of a covalent Bonding reactable functional group. The styrene and / or styrene derivative can, for example, polymerize with and / or to polystyrene or a polystyrene derivative with the at least one functional group. The styrene can also have unsaturated functional groups on the coating, for example with vinyl groups, for example in the form of, in particular simple or sole, vinyl groups and / or in the form of vinyl groups attached to a bridging group, for example Allyl groups, and / or ethenylene groups and / or methacrylate groups and / or acrylate groups, polymerize and thereby form a covalent bond between the coating and the polystyrene. The at least one styrene derivative with at least one functional group, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating, can advantageously react with other functional groups on the coating to form a covalent bond. Or the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise, for example, methyl methacrylate and / or at least one methyl methacrylate derivative with at least one functional group, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating, to form a covalent bond. The methyl methacrylate and / or the at least one methyl methacrylate derivative can polymerize, for example, with and / or to form polymethyl methacrylate or a polymethyl methacrylate derivative with at least one functional group. The methyl methacrylate can also have unsaturated functional groups on the coating, for example with methacrylate groups and / or an acrylate groups and / or vinyl groups, for example in the form of, in particular simple or sole, vinyl groups and / or in Polymerize in the form of vinyl groups attached to a bridging group, for example allyl groups, and / or ethenylene groups, thereby forming a covalent bond between the coating and the polymethyl methacrylate. The at least one methyl methacrylate derivative with at least one functional group, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating, can advantageously react with other functional groups on the coating to form a covalent bond.

In a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the thermoplastic can be dissolved in at least one monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent that can be polymerized with the thermoplastic. The solidification of the polymer mass or the adhesive to form the thermoplastic can in particular be carried out by a polymerization reaction, for example by a block copolymerization reaction and / or graft copolymerization reaction, of the at least one monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent polymerizable with the thermoplastic, which can also be referred to as a reactive solvent. In this way, skin formation and / or internal stresses in the thermoplastic and / or for the coating can advantageously be avoided and, in particular, high stability and / or adhesion and / or tightness of the component assembly can be achieved. For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise polystyrene dissolved in styrene and / or in at least one styrene derivative with at least one functional group, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating, to form a covalent bond. The styrene or styrene derivative can in particular serve as a reactive solvent and polymerize, for example, with and / or to polystyrene and / or a polystyrene derivative, in particular substituted with the at least one functional group. Another example of this can be, for example, that the polymer mass or the adhesive polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dissolved in methacrylic acid methyl ester (MMA) and / or in at least one methacrylic acid methyl ester derivative with at least one, in particular with the at least one, functional group of the coating to form a covalent Bonding reactable, functional group includes. The methyl methacrylate and / or the methyl methacrylate derivative can in particular serve as a reactive solvent and polymerize, for example, with and / or to polymethyl methacrylate and / or a polymethyl methacrylate derivative that is substituted, in particular with the at least one functional group.

In a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the thermoplastic can be used in at least one monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent polymerizable with the thermoplastic with at least one functional group, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating, to form a covalent bond be resolved. As already explained above, a covalent bond between the coating and the thermoplastic and thus a particularly strong connection of the plastic or adhesive to the coating can advantageously be achieved - as already explained above - through a reaction of the functional groups, whereby the stability and / or adhesion and / or the tightness of the component assembly can be further increased. For example, the thermoplastic can be dissolved in at least one monomer and / or oligomer polymerizable with the thermoplastic, which the thermoplastic already comprises in polymerized form and / or which one with at least one Functional group-substituted derivative of a monomer already contained in the thermoplastic in polymerized form.

In a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive can comprise a, in particular softened or melted or dissolved, thermoplastic grafted with at least one, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond, reactable, functional group and / or designed to form a functional group grafted with at least one, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating, which reacts with the formation of a covalent bond. A covalent bond between the coating and the plastic or adhesive and thus a particularly strong connection of the plastic or adhesive to the coating can advantageously also be achieved through a reaction of the functional groups, whereby the stability and / or adhesion and / or tightness of the component can be achieved Network can be further increased. For example, the grafting can be done by means of maleic anhydride and / or by means of a silane. For example, thermoplastics, for example polyolefins such as polypropylene and / or polyethylene, can be grafted, for example, by a free radical grafting reaction, for example with maleic anhydride and / or silanes.

For example, the polymer mass or the adhesive as thermoplastic polystyrene (PS) and / or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and / or at least one polyamide (PA) and / or at least one polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), and / or at least one acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and / or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and / or polysulfone (PSU) and / or polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or at least one polycarbonate (PC) and / or polyethylene terephthalate ( PET) and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and / or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and / or a derivative thereof. In particular, the polymer mass or the adhesive can be a derivative of polystyrene (PS) and / or of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and / or functionalized with the at least one, in particular with the at least one functional group of the coating to form a covalent bond of a polyolefin, for example of polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), and / or a polyamide (PA) and / or an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and / or of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and / or of polysulfone (PSU) and / or polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or a polycarbonate (PC) and / or of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and / or of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and / or of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and / or of polyvinyl chloride ( PVC). A covalent bond between the coating and the polymer mass or the adhesive and thus a particularly strong connection of the plastic or adhesive to the coating can advantageously be achieved through a reaction of the functional groups, thereby increasing the stability and / or adhesion and / or tightness of the component Network can be further increased.

In the context of one embodiment, the adhesive is a chemically curing adhesive. For example, the adhesive can be a polymerization adhesive and / or a polyaddition adhesive and / or a polycondensation adhesive. In particular, the adhesive can be a polymerization adhesive and / or a polyaddition adhesive.

In the context of a special configuration of this embodiment, the adhesive is a chemically curing adhesive, for example a polymerization adhesive and / or polyaddition adhesive, for example based on an epoxy resin and / or an unsaturated polyester resin and / or a vinyl ester resin and / or an acrylic resin and / or a polyurethane resin and / or a silicone.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional, special configuration of this embodiment, the adhesive is a chemically curing adhesive, for example a polycondensation adhesive, for example based on a silicone.

In a further embodiment, the adhesive is a physically setting adhesive, for example a hot melt adhesive and / or a plastisol and / or a solvent-based wet adhesive and / or a contact adhesive and / or a dispersion adhesive, in particular a hot melt adhesive.

In the context of a special configuration of this embodiment, the adhesive is a hot-melt adhesive, for example based on a thermoplastic elastomer, for example a styrene-based and / or amide-based and / or urethane-based and / or ester-based thermoplastic elastomer, and / or based on a thermoplastic, for example based on a polyolefin, such as polyethylene, and / or a polyamide.

In the context of a further, special embodiment of this embodiment, the adhesive is a plastisol, for example based on a thermoplastic, for example based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and / or a polyacrylate.

In a further, special embodiment of this embodiment, the adhesive is a solvent-containing wet adhesive, for example based on a polyurethane and / or a polyacrylate and / or a polyvinyl acetate and / or a rubber, for example a synthetic rubber and / or natural rubber.

In the context of a further, special configuration of this embodiment, the adhesive is a contact adhesive, for example based on a polyurethane and / or rubber, for example a synthetic rubber such as chloroprene rubber, and / or natural rubber.

In another embodiment, the adhesive is a pressure-sensitive adhesive, for example based on at least one rubber, for example natural rubber and / or at least one synthetic rubber, such as 1,4-cis-polyisoprene and / or isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS ) and / or butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), and / or an acrylate (co) polymer and / or a polyurethane and / or a silicone, optionally mixed with at least one resin.

In the context of a further embodiment, the adhesive is, in particular also, a sealant. In this way, a seal can also advantageously be achieved or implemented by means of the adhesive connection. As a result, the adhesive can advantageously fulfill two functions.

The polymer compound or the adhesive can be used, for example in method step b) / B), for example in the form of a potting compound and / or applied to the coating.

In a further embodiment, the polymer mass or the adhesive is, for example in process step b) / B), through a nozzle, for example an adhesive bead, and / or by injection molding and / or by transfer molding and / or applied by pressing and / or by lamination and / or by potting. For example, in method step b) / B) at least the area of the component coated with the coating can be encased with the polymer compound or with the adhesive.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer compound used in particular in process step b) or the adhesive used in particular in process step B) furthermore comprises at least one filler, for example at least one spherical filler, for example chalk and / or aluminum oxide and / or aluminum trihydroxide, and / or at least one fibrous filler, for example reinforcing fibers, for example glass fibers, for example made of E, S and / or R glass, and / or quartz fibers and / or aluminum oxide fibers and / or, carbon fibers and / or Aramid fibers, and / or at least one platelet-shaped filler. The type and / or amount of the at least one filler can advantageously adapt the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polymer mass or the adhesive, for example as closely as possible, to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the components. In this way, stresses in the composite component caused by temperature changes can advantageously be reduced or avoided and the temperature stability and thus the durability of the adhesion, tightness and stability of the composite component can be improved. In this way, component assemblies can advantageously be produced which, even under temperature changes and changes in humidity, can still be impervious to liquid and gaseous media, for example liquids and corrosive gases, and show no signs of corrosion. This can be particularly advantageous in the case of components containing metal, such as circuit boards. In addition, the at least one filler, in particular the at least one fibrous filler, can be used to specifically adapt the mechanical properties of the polymer mass or the adhesive and the component composite and / or increase the mechanical stability of the polymer mass or the adhesive and the component composite. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the polymer mass or of the adhesive and of the component assembly can be specifically adapted and / or increased by means of the at least one filler. This can be advantageous in particular in the case of voluminous shapes of the polymer mass or the adhesive and / or for heat dissipation from the component, for example in the case of electronic and / or electrical components.

The polymer compound used in particular in process step b) or the adhesive used in particular in process step B) can comprise, for example, at least one fibrous filler. Fibrous fillers can advantageously reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion to a greater extent than the same proportions of fillers of different shapes, for example spherical and / or platelet-shaped fillers, and also increase the strength.

Optionally, the polymer compound used, in particular, in method step b) or the adhesive, in particular used in method step B), can be a so-called BMC compound (BMC; English: Bulk Molding Compound). For example, the polymer composition used in particular in process step b) or the adhesive used in particular in process step B) can be a resin in a, for example, dough-like, mixture with at least one, in particular reactive, thinner, for example styrene and / or diallyl phthalate , include. The mixture, for example in the form of a dough, can further comprise at least one fibrous filler. The at least one, in particular reactive, thinner, for example styrene and / or diallyl phthalate, can additionally serve to swell the at least one shrinkage-reducing, in particular shrinkage-inhibiting, additive or low-profile additive.

For example, the polymer composition used in particular in process step b) or the adhesive used in particular in process step B) can contain 10% by weight to 30% by weight in total of resins, for example unsaturated polyester resins and / or vinyl ester resins and / or epoxy resins, in particular unsaturated polyester resins and / or vinyl ester resins, optionally including shrinkage-reducing additives, and 10% by weight to 40% by weight in total of fibrous fillers, for example glass fibers. The polymer compound used, in particular, in process step b) or the adhesive, in particular, used in process step B), can additionally comprise 10% by weight to 80% by weight in total of spherical fillers and / or platelet-shaped fillers.

In the context of a further, alternative or additional embodiment, the polymer composition used in particular in process step b) or the adhesive used in particular in process step B) furthermore comprises at least one fire-retardant and / or flame-retardant additive. For example, the polymer compound used in particular in process step b) or the adhesive used in particular in process step B) can comprise aluminum trihydroxide (ATH). The at least one fire-retardant and / or flame-retardant additive, for example aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), can advantageously reduce the flammability of the adhesive connection, for example from fire class HB to fire class V0. This in turn can increase the security of the component assembly.

In a further embodiment, the substrate, in particular the component, has a metallic surface or a plastic surface, for example based on polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or a polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), and / or polytetrafluoroethylene pretreatment (PTFE), and / or an elastomer surface or a ceramic surface. The coating process can also advantageously make plastics based on polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or a polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), and / or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) , in which plasma activation is otherwise usually required in order to provide a permanent basis for the adhesion of adhesives and sealants, even without plasma activation, a particularly permanent, high adhesion and / or seal can be achieved. For example, the substrate, in particular a component, can be a metallic component or a plastic component or a ceramic component. In particular, the metallic surface or the plastic surface or the ceramic surface of the substrate, in particular the component, can be or will be coated with the, in particular silicon- and oxygen-containing, partially inorganic and partially organic coating, for example partially or completely. For example, the substrate, in particular a component, can have a metallic surface made of copper and / or made of a copper alloy and / or made of aluminum and / or made of an aluminum alloy and / or made of silver and / or made of a silver alloy and / or made of steel, for example a stainless steel alloy, for example a magnesium-stainless steel alloy. For example, the substrate, in particular the component, can be a metallic component made of copper and / or made of a copper alloy and / or made of aluminum and / or made of an aluminum alloy and / or made of silver and / or made of a silver alloy and / or or made of steel, for example a stainless steel alloy, for example a magnesium-stainless steel alloy.

In the context of a further embodiment, the component or the first component and / or the second component comprises or is an electronic and / or electrical component.

For example, the component or the first component and / or the second component can be a housing, for example a plastic housing, for example wherein the component composite can be a potting of housings, for example plastic housings, or a tank component, For example, where the component assembly can be a tank, or a sensor, for example a current sensor and / or battery sensor, or an, in particular electronic, control device or a component of a sensor, for example a shunt, for example made of copper and / or manganin, for a sensor, for example a current sensor and / or battery sensor, or a component of an, in particular electronic, control device, for example a metallic bushing, for example in a housing, for example a control device, and / or a plug seal, and / or an electronic circuit, For example, which silicon chips and / or low-temperature fired-on ceramics (LTCC; English: Low Tempera ture Cofired Ceramics) and / or a circuit board, for example a circuit board equipped with electronics, and / or a, in particular electronic, control device, and / or a flow concentrator and / or a, in particular electrical, conductor, for example a phase connector and / or a phase tap, or part of a bearing and / or part of a vibration damper or part of a valve, for example a valve tappet, or part of a wiper blade, for example a wiper rubber rail. The component assembly can, for example, be a sensor encapsulation and / or an encased and / or encapsulated electronic circuit, for example which silicon chips and / or low temperature fired ceramics (LTCC; English: Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) and / or a Circuit board, for example a circuit board equipped with electronics, and / or a leadthrough of an, in particular electrical, conductor through a plastic or a bearing and / or a vibration damper or a valve or a part thereof, for example a valve tappet with a seal, in particular against a valve seat or a wiper blade, for example for a windshield wiper.

In particular, the method can be designed to produce a composite component according to the invention which is explained later.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the method according to the invention, the explanations in connection with the coated substrate according to the invention and / or component / plastic composite and / or component composite with adhesive connection, the organosilazane according to the invention and its use according to the invention as well as to the figures are hereby explicitly referred to , the description of the figures and the exemplary embodiment.

In addition, the invention relates to a coated substrate, in particular a coated component, and / or a component-plastic composite and / or a component composite with an adhesive connection, which is produced by a method according to the invention.

The component-plastic composite can in particular comprise a component. The component can in particular be coated at least partially with a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular with at least one functional group. In particular, a plastic can be applied to the hybrid coating.

The component assembly with an adhesive connection can in particular comprise a first component. The first component can in particular be coated at least partially with a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular with at least one functional group. In particular, an adhesive can be applied to the hybrid coating of the first component. In particular, a second component can be applied to the adhesive. Optionally, the second component can also be coated at least partially with a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, in particular with at least one functional group. In particular, the hybrid coating of the second component can be applied to the adhesive.

In one embodiment, the coating is connected to the plastic or adhesive via covalent bonds. The covalent bonds between the coating and the plastic or adhesive can in particular be formed by a reaction of at least one functional group of the coating with at least one functional group of the polymer compound or the adhesive.

Because the coating is connected to the plastic via the covalent bonds, a particularly strong connection of the plastic or adhesive to the Coating can be achieved, which can be significantly stronger than a purely physical adhesion. A particularly strong bond between the component, the coating and the plastic or adhesive can thus be achieved.

In one embodiment, the coating is via alkylene units and / or amine units, for example secondary and / or tertiary amine units, and / or ether units and / or thioether units (RSR *) and / or sulfur bridges and / or silicon-carbon bonds and / or carboxylic acid ester units covalently connected to the plastic or adhesive.

A covalent connection of the coating with the polymer mass or with the adhesive via alkylene units can be achieved, for example, by a radical reaction, in particular an addition reaction, of unsaturated functional groups, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example of methacrylate groups and / or an acrylate groups and / or vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, on the coating with unsaturated, functional groups, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example of ethenylene Groups and / or vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or methacrylate groups and / or acrylate groups, the polymer mass or the adhesive.

A covalent connection of the coating with the polymer mass or with the adhesive via amine units can be achieved, for example, by an addition reaction of amino groups on the coating with epoxy groups of the polymer mass or the adhesive, or vice versa, by an addition reaction of epoxy groups the coating with amino groups of the polymer mass or the adhesive.

A covalent connection of the coating with the polymer mass or with the adhesive via ether units can be achieved, for example, by an addition reaction and / or by a condensation reaction of hydroxyl groups and / or epoxy groups on the coating with epoxy groups and / or hydroxyl groups the polymer mass or the adhesive.

A covalent connection of the coating with the polymer mass or with the adhesive via sulfur bridges and / or thioether units can be achieved, for example, by sulfur vulcanization, for example of unsaturated, functional groups, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example of vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, and / or thiol groups and / or thiocarbamate groups, in particular thion urethane groups and / or thiol urethane groups and / or dithiourethane groups, on the coating and unsaturated functional groups, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example of vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, of the polymer mass or of the adhesive.

A covalent connection of the coating with the polymer mass or with the adhesive via thioether units can also be achieved, for example, by an addition reaction of thiol groups on the coating with epoxy groups of the polymer mass or the adhesive, or vice versa, by an addition reaction of epoxy groups be formed on the coating with thiol groups of the polymer composition or the adhesive.

A covalent connection of the coating with the polymer mass or with the adhesive via silicon-carbon bonds can be achieved, for example, by a hydrosilylation reaction of unsaturated, functional groups, in particular with at least one free-radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example of methacrylate groups and / or a Acrylate groups and / or vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, on the coating with hydrosilane Groups of the polymer mass or of the adhesive, or vice versa, by a hydrosilylation reaction of hydrosilane groups on the coating with unsaturated, functional groups, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, for example of methacrylate groups and / or an acrylate Groups and / or vinyl groups and / or allyl groups and / or ethenylene groups, the polymer mass or the adhesive can be formed.

A covalent connection of the coating to the polymer mass or to the adhesive via carboxylic acid ester units can be achieved, for example, by an addition reaction and / or by an esterification reaction of carboxylic acid groups on the coating with epoxy groups and / or hydroxyl groups of the polymer mass or the adhesive or conversely, be formed by an addition reaction and / or by an esterification reaction of epoxy groups and / or hydroxyl groups on the coating with carboxylic acid groups of the polymer mass or the adhesive.

In particular, the coating can be silicon-carbon via alkylene units and / or amine units, for example secondary and / or tertiary amine units, and / or ether units and / or sulfur bridges and / or thioether units (RSR *) -Bonds covalently connected to the polymer mass or to the adhesive. In this way, a high resistance to hydrolysis and / or media resistance can be achieved.

The coating can in particular comprise siloxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, for example siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide. For example, the coating can be based on siloxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, for example siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, or optionally be formed therefrom. For example, the coating can comprise organic-inorganic hybrid polymers with siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or areas made of amorphous silicon dioxide, for example based thereon, optionally be formed therefrom. Such coatings can advantageously have good, for example physical, adhesion properties and possibly also additionally good, for example chemical, bonding properties for adhesives, be particularly dense, hydrolysis-resistant and / or media-resistant and stable, and also serve as corrosion protection layers for metallic surfaces.

The coating can, for example, have an average layer thickness in a range from 0.1 μm to 5 μm, for example approximately 1 μm.

The component-plastic composite can be, for example, an injection-molded plastic-component composite. The component can be overmolded and / or encapsulated with the polymer compound, at least in the area of the coating.

The substrate, in particular the component, can, for example, be a metallic surface or a plastic surface, for example based on polyoxymethylene (POM) and / or polyamide (PA) and / or a polyolefin, for example polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene ( PP), and / or polytetrafluoroethylene pretreatment (PTFE), and / or an elastomer surface or a ceramic surface. For example, the substrate, in particular the component, can be a metallic component or a plastic component or a ceramic component. In particular, the metallic surface or the plastic surface or the ceramic surface of the substrate, in particular the component, can be or will be coated with the partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating, for example partially or completely.

For example, the substrate, in particular a component, can have a metallic surface made of copper and / or made of a copper alloy and / or made of aluminum and / or made of an aluminum alloy and / or made of silver and / or made of a silver alloy and / or made of steel, for example a stainless steel alloy, for example a magnesium-stainless steel alloy. For example, the substrate, in particular the component, a metallic component made of copper and / or made of a copper alloy and / or made of aluminum and / or made of an aluminum alloy and / or made of silver and / or made of a silver alloy and / or made of steel, for example made of a high-grade steel alloy, for example made of a magnesium-high-grade steel alloy.

In the context of the configuration, the substrate, in particular a component, comprises or is an electronic and / or electrical component.

For example, the substrate, in particular the component, can be a housing, for example a plastic housing, for example wherein the component composite can be a housing encapsulation, for example of plastic housings, or a tank component, for example wherein the component Composite can be a tank, or a sensor, for example a current sensor and / or battery sensor, or a, in particular electronic, control device or a component of a sensor, for example a shunt, for example made of copper and / or manganin, for a sensor, for example a current sensor and / or battery sensor, or a component of a, in particular electronic, control device, for example a metallic bushing, for example in a housing, for example a control device, and / or a plug seal, and / or an electronic circuit, for example which silicon chips and / or low temperature penetration Ceramics (LTCC; English: Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) and / or a circuit board, for example a circuit board equipped with electronics, and / or a, in particular electronic, control device, and / or a flow concentrator and / or a, in particular electrical, Conductor, for example a phase connector and / or a phase tap, or part of a bearing and / or part of a vibration damper or part of a valve, for example a valve tappet, or part of a wiper blade, for example a wiper rubber rail. The component assembly can, for example, be a sensor encapsulation and / or an encased and / or encapsulated electronic circuit, for example which silicon chips and / or low temperature fired ceramics (LTCC; English: Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics) and / or a Circuit board, for example a circuit board equipped with electronics, and / or a leadthrough of an, in particular electrical, conductor through a plastic or a bearing and / or a vibration damper or a valve or a part thereof, for example a valve tappet with a seal, in particular against a valve seat or a wiper blade, for example for a windshield wiper. The component-plastic composite can, for example, be a sealed packaging, for example in which the component is packed tightly, in particular liquid-tight, for example watertight, and / or moisture-tight and / or gas-tight, in particular media-tight, due to the coating and the plastic applied to it.

Coated substrates, component-plastic composites and component composites with adhesive bonding produced according to the invention can be characterized and / or detected by infrared reflection spectroscopy (ATR) and / or interference reflectometry. For example, the coating can be characterized and detected by infrared reflection spectroscopy. For example, silicon compounds, such as siloxanes and / or silanes and / or other silicon oxides, and / or functional groups in thin layers, for example on metal or plastic surfaces, for example in the form of a characteristic fingerprint, can be detected by infrared reflection spectroscopy, be detected. For example, the layer thickness can be determined by reflection spectroscopy.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the coated substrate according to the invention and / or component-plastic composite and / or component composite with adhesive bond, explicit reference is hereby made to the explanations in connection with the method according to the invention, the organosilazane according to the invention and its use according to the invention, as well as to the figures , the description of the figures and the exemplary embodiment.

insbesondere

und/oder

insbesondere

und/oder

insbesondere

insbesondere

The invention also relates to organosilazanes of the general chemical formulas:

especially

and or

especially

and or

especially

especially

The substituents and indices and their configurations are explained in detail in the context of the method according to the invention described above, the disclosure of which is hereby explicitly referred to in this regard.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the organosilazane according to the invention, the explanations in connection with the method according to the invention, the coated substrate according to the invention and / or component-plastic composite and / or component composite with adhesive connection and its inventive use of the organosilazane according to the invention and reference is made to the figures, the description of the figures and the exemplary embodiment.

The invention further relates to the use of an organosilazane, in particular with at least one substituent which is attached to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one functional group, in particular an unsaturated, functional group, in particular with at least one radically polymerizable carbon-carbon Double bond, for example a methacrylate group and / or acrylate group and / or vinyl group, for example in the form of an, in particular simple or sole, vinyl group and / or in the form of a vinyl group attached to a bridging group, for example Allyl group, and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxide group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or a nitrile group and / or an alkoxy group and / or acyloxy group, in particular an organosilazane according to the invention, as a precursor in a coating process which involves a chemical reaction comprises at least one precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase, in particular in a chemical gas phase deposition.

With regard to further technical features and advantages of the use according to the invention of the organosilazane according to the invention, the explanations in connection with the method according to the invention, the coated substrate according to the invention and / or component-plastic composite and / or component composite with adhesive connection and the organosilazane according to the invention as well as reference is made to the figures, the description of the figures and the exemplary embodiment.

Drawings and exemplary embodiment

• 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß beschichteten Substrats;
• 2 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Bauteil-Kunststoff-Verbundes;
• 3 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Bauteil-Kunststoff-Verbundes;
• 4 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Bauteil-Verbundes mit Klebeverbindung; und
• 5 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Bauteil-Verbundes mit Klebeverbindung.

Further advantages and advantageous configurations of the subject matter according to the invention are illustrated by the drawings and the exemplary embodiment and explained in the following description. It should be noted that the drawings and the exemplary embodiment are only of a descriptive nature and are not intended to restrict the invention in any form. It shows

• 1 a schematic cross section through an embodiment of a substrate coated according to the invention;
• 2 a schematic cross section through a first embodiment of a component-plastic composite produced according to the invention;
• 3 a schematic cross section through a second embodiment of a component-plastic composite produced according to the invention;
• 4th a schematic cross section through a first embodiment of a component composite produced according to the invention with an adhesive connection; and
• 5 a schematic cross section through a second embodiment of a component composite produced according to the invention with an adhesive connection.

1 Figure 3 shows one embodiment of a coated substrate 11 , 12th , which by one embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a coating 12th on a substrate 11 is made. In the process, the substrate 11 , for example a component, by means of a chemical reaction of at least one organosilicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase, for example by means of chemical gas phase deposition, with the coating 12th coated. The gas phase comprises at least one silazane as a precursor. For example, the gas phase can comprise at least one organosilazane as a precursor, in particular with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and comprises at least one functional group

So can the coating 12th be formed with at least one functional group. For example, the coating can 12th a, in particular silicon and oxygen-containing, partly inorganic and partly organic hybrid coating 12th be with at least one functional group. The coating 12th can for example comprise or be formed from siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or amorphous silicon dioxide, for example organic-inorganic hybrid polymers with siloxane structures and / or silsesquioxane structures and / or regions of amorphous silicon dioxide.

The component 11 can in particular have a metallic surface, for example made of copper and / or silver and / or aluminum or an alloy thereof. In particular, the metallic surface of the component can 11 with the coating 12th be partially or fully coated.

2 shows a first embodiment of a component-plastic composite produced according to the invention 10 , which by a for the production of a component-plastic composite 10 designed Embodiment of the method according to the invention is produced. In this embodiment, a component is initially produced in a method step a) 11 as related to 1 described, with a coating 12th coated. In a process step b), the coating is then applied 12th a polymer mass applied, which is used to form a plastic 13th is designed and / or a melted and / or dissolved plastic 13th includes. In a process step c), the polymer mass is then solidified to form the plastic.

3 shows a second embodiment of a component-plastic composite produced according to the invention 10 , which by a for the production of a component-plastic composite 10 designed embodiment of the method according to the invention is produced. In this embodiment, a component is likewise initially produced in a method step a) 11 as related to 1 described, with a coating 12th coated. In a process step b), the coating is then applied 12th a polymer mass applied in the form of a layer, which is a softened or melted thermoplastic elastomer 13th includes. In a process step c) the softened or melted thermoplastic elastomer is then solidified. In a process step d), the layer made of the thermoplastic elastomer is then applied 13th a polymer mass applied, which is used to form another plastic 14th is designed and / or a melted and / or dissolved plastic 14th comprises applied and in a method step e) to the further plastic 14th solidified. The other plastic 14th can for example be an elastomer and / or a thermoplastic and / or a thermosetting plastic.

4th shows a first embodiment of a composite component produced according to the invention 10 with an adhesive connection, which is used to produce a composite component 10 with an adhesive connection designed embodiment of the method according to the invention is produced. In this embodiment, a first component is initially produced in a method step A) 11a as related to 1 described, with a coating 12a coated. In a process step B), the coating is then applied 12a of the first component 11a an adhesive 13 * upset. In a process step C), the adhesive is then applied 13 * a second component 11b upset.

In the 5 Second embodiment shown of a composite component produced according to the invention 10 with adhesive connection differs essentially in that it differs from the one in 4th embodiment shown that in method step A) also the second component 11b as related to 1 described, with a coating 12b is coated and in process step C) with the coating 12b on the glue 13 * is applied.

In the in 2 to 5 The embodiments shown can be the polymer mass or the adhesive 13 * in particular at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer with at least one repeating unit with at least one functional group and / or at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent with at least one functional group and / or at least one crosslinking agent, for example hardener and / or vulcanizing agents with at least one functional group. Through a reaction of the at least one functional group of the coating 12th with the at least one functional group of the polymer mass or the adhesive 13 * so can the coating 12th via covalent bonds with the plastic 13th or glue 13 * connected (not shown).

Embodiment

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used to deposit a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating functionalized with vinyl groups, in particular containing silicon and oxygen, on a substrate. A gas mixture at> 200 ° C is used, which contains the organosilicon precursors tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 2-methyl-1,3-divinylsilazane, water and a hydrogen-containing protective gas, for example 97.3% by volume of argon and 2, 7% hydrogen. The proportion of the organosilicon precursors tetraethylorthosilicate and 2-methyl-1,3-divinylsilazane in the gas mixture is 1.5% by volume, the tetraethylorthosilicate proportion being higher than the 2-methyl-1,3-divinylsilazane -Proportion is. The proportion of water in the gas mixture is 4.5% by volume. The proportion of the hydrogen-containing protective gas in the gas mixture is 94% by volume.

A hybrid coating formed in this way and functionalized with vinyl groups can, for example, with unsaturated polyester resins and / or vinyl ester resins and / or acrylic adhesives and / or polymethyl methacrylates and / or with polymer compositions and adhesives with methacrylate groups and / or with hydrosilane -Groups and / or with elastomers formed by sulfur vulcanization of rubbers, for example through a radical reaction, form covalent bonds and thus have very good adhesion and bonding properties for such materials.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• US 5763018 [0003]

Claims (16)

Method for producing a coating (12) on a substrate (11), in which the substrate (11), in particular a component, is coated with the coating (12) by means of a chemical reaction of at least one silicon compound as a precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase , wherein the gas phase comprises at least one silazane as a precursor. Procedure according to Claim 1 , wherein the gas phase comprises at least one organosilazane and / or at least one inorganic silazane as a precursor. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the gas phase comprises as a precursor at least one organosilazane - with at least one substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one functional group, and / or - with at least one amine group bonded directly to silicon and / or with at least one hydrogen atom bonded directly to silicon and / or with at least one alkyl group bonded directly to silicon and / or with at least one alkoxy group bonded directly to silicon. Procedure according to Claim 3 , wherein the at least one functional group of the at least one substituent is an unsaturated functional group, in particular a vinyl group and / or an ethenylene group and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group, and / or an amino Group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or comprises or is an alkoxy group. Procedure according to Claim 3 or 4th , wherein a partially inorganic and partially organic hybrid coating (12) is formed with at least one functional group, in particular wherein the at least one functional group of the hybrid coating (12) is an unsaturated, functional group, in particular a vinyl group and / or an ethenylene group and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group, and / or an amino group and / or a hydroxyl group and / or a thiol group and / or a thiocarbamate group and / or comprises or is a carboxylic acid group and / or an epoxy group. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , where the gas phase is at least one organosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

comprises, where n 1, and where R1 stands for a substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one unsaturated functional group and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or an alkoxy group, and where R2 stands for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group for or an alkoxy group or for a further substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one unsaturated functional group and / or an amino group and / or a thiol group and / or an epoxy group and / or a cyanate group and / or an isocyanate group and / or a thiocyanate group and / or an isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or r an alkoxy group, and where R3 is an alkyl group or hydrogen, and where R4 and R5 each independently of one another for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group or for an alkoxy group, in particular represents an amine group or a hydrogen atom, or where R4 and R5 together stand for a further NR3 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th , where the gas phase is at least one organosilazane of the general chemical formula as a precursor:

and or

and or

and or

where n10 1, and where X11 stands for a vinyl group or ethenylene group or nitrile group, and where R12 stands for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group for an alkoxy group , and where R13 stands for an alkyl group or for hydrogen, and where R14 and R15 each independently stand for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group or for an alkoxy group, or where R14 and R15 together for a further NR13 unit, which closes to a ring via covalent bonds, and / or where n20 1 1, and where X21 and X22 each independently represent a vinyl group or ethenylene group or nitrile group, and where R23 stands for an alkyl group or for hydrogen, and where R24 and R25 each independently stand for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group or for an alkoxy group, or where R24 and R25 together n stands for a further NR23 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds, and / or where n30 1, and where Y31 for an unsaturated, functional group, in particular for a methacrylate group or an acrylate group or a vinyl group or an ethenylene group, or for an amino group or for a thiol group or for an epoxy group or stands for a cyanate group or for an isocyanate group or for a thiocyanate group or for an isothiocyanate group or for a nitrile group or for an alkoxy group, and where m31 1, and where R32 is an amine -Group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group or for an alkoxy group, and where R33 stands for an alkyl group or for hydrogen, and where R34 and R35 each independently of one another for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, or where R34 and R35 together stand for a further NR33 unit which closes to form a ring via covalent bonds, and / or where n40 ≥ 1, and where Y41 and Y42 each eeil independently of one another for an unsaturated, functional group, in particular for a methacrylate group or an acrylate group or a vinyl group or an ethenylene group, or for an amino group or for a thiol group or for an epoxy group or for a cyanate group or for an isocyanate group or for a thiocyanate group or for an isothiocyanate group or for a nitrile group or for an alkoxy group, and where m41 ≥ 1 and m42 1, and where R43 stands for an alkyl group or for hydrogen, and where R44 and R45 each independently stand for an amine group or for a hydrogen atom or for an alkyl group or for an alkoxy group, or where R44 and R45 together for another NR43 unit, which closes to a ring via covalent bonds. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th wherein the substrate (11) is coated by means of chemical vapor deposition. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , the coating being carried out at a temperature in a range from 200 200 ° C to 400 ° C, in particular from 250 ° C to, 350 ° C, and / or where the gas phase is a reducing or inert gas phase, in particular where the gas phase contains hydrogen, and / or wherein the gas phase comprises water. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 wherein the substrate (11) is a component, in particular with a metallic surface. Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , wherein the method for producing a component-plastic composite (10) is designed, comprising the method steps: a) coating a component (11) with a coating (12) using a coating method according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , b) applying a polymer mass to the coating (12), wherein the polymer mass is designed to form a plastic (13) and / or comprises a softened or melted and / or dissolved plastic (13), and c) solidifying the polymer mass to the Plastic (13). Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , wherein the method is designed for the production of a component assembly with an adhesive connection, comprising the method steps: A) coating a first component (11a) with a coating method according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 with a coating (12a), B) applying an adhesive (13 *) to the coating (12a) of the first component (IIa) and C) applying a second component (IIb) to the adhesive (13 *), in particular where in process step A) the second component (11a) is also coated with a coating (12b) and in process step C) the coating (12b) is applied to the adhesive (13 *). Procedure according to Claim 11 or 12th , wherein the polymer mass or the adhesive (13) has at least one polymer and / or prepolymer and / or oligomer with at least one repeating unit with at least a functional group and / or at least one polymerizable monomer and / or oligomer and / or solvent with at least one functional group and / or at least one crosslinking agent, in particular hardener and / or vulcanizing agent, with at least one functional group, whereby the at least a functional group of the coating (12) with the at least one functional group of the polymer mass or the adhesive (13) a covalent bond is formed between the coating (12) and the plastic (13) or adhesive (13 *), in particular wherein the at least a functional group of the polymer composition or of the adhesive an unsaturated, functional group, in particular a vinyl group and / or a methacrylate group and / or an acrylate group and / or an ethenylene group, and / or an epoxy group and / or comprises or is a hydroxyl group and / or a hydrosilane group. Coated substrate, in particular coated component (11, 12) and / or component-plastic composite and / or component composite with adhesive connection (10), produced by a method according to one of the Claims 1 to 13th . Organosilazane of the general chemical formula:

where n ≥ 1, and where R1 stands for a substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and has at least one unsaturated, functional group and / or amino group and / or thiol group and / or epoxy Group and / or cyanate group and / or isocyanate group and / or thiocyanate group and / or isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or alkoxy group, and where R2 stands for an amine group or for a Hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group or a further substituent which is bonded to silicon via a silicon-carbon bond and at least one unsaturated functional group and / or amino group and and / or thiol -Group and / or epoxy group and / or cyanate group and / or isocyanate group and / or thiocyanate group and / or isothiocyanate group and / or nitrile group and / or alkoxy group, and where R3 is is an alkyl group, and where R4 and R5 each independently represent an amine group or a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, or where R4 and R5 represent a further NR3 unit which forms a ring via covalent bonds. Use of a silazane, in particular an organosilazane according to Claim 6 and / or 7 and / or 15, as a precursor in a coating process which comprises a chemical reaction of at least one precursor and a deposition process from a gas phase, in particular in a chemical gas phase deposition.

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