DE102019210442A1 - Arrangement for generating electrical power and cooling capacity, vehicle with such an arrangement and method for operating such an arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement (1) for generating electrical power and cooling power, with a galvanic cell arrangement (3) for generating electrical power, and a sorption cooling device (15) for generating cooling power, the galvanic cell arrangement (3) and the sorption cooling device (15) ) are thermally connected to one another in such a way that waste heat can be fed to the galvanic cell arrangement (3) of the sorption cooling device (15) for generating cooling power.

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement for generating electrical power and cooling power, a vehicle with such an arrangement and a method for operating such an arrangement.

Refrigeration systems, in particular air conditioning systems, are now often designed as compression refrigeration systems. Mechanical work must be carried out on such systems to generate cooling capacity. This is maintenance-prone and error-prone. In addition, there are unavoidable losses. On the other hand, electrification and the associated avoidance of heat engines are advancing, with it being foreseen that galvanic cell arrangements, such as fuel cells in particular, will have a significant share in future developments. When such a galvanic cell arrangement is operated, a considerable proportion of the power is generated as waste heat, typically around 45%. This waste heat has to be dissipated in a complex manner, the problem being exacerbated by the fact that such a galvanic cell arrangement has to be operated in a very narrow temperature range. In particular, a high heat output must be dissipated with a low temperature difference - in particular to the ambient temperature. It is obviously inefficient to dissipate the correspondingly large amount of heat into the environment through heat exchangers, and in particular its cooling surface must be selected to be very large.

The invention is based on the object of creating an arrangement for generating electrical power and cooling capacity, a vehicle with such an arrangement, and a method for operating such an arrangement, at least some of the aforementioned problems not occurring.

The object is achieved in that the present technical teaching is provided, in particular the teaching of the independent claims and the embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.

The object is achieved in particular by creating an arrangement for generating both electrical power and cooling power, which has a galvanic cell arrangement, the galvanic cell arrangement being set up to generate electrical power. The arrangement also has a sorption cooling device that is set up to generate cooling power. The galvanic cell arrangement and the sorption cooling device are thermally connected to one another in such a way that waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement can be fed to the sorption cooling device to generate cooling power. In particular, this means that the arrangement is set up to supply waste heat that occurs during operation of the galvanic cell arrangement to the sorption refrigeration device in order to generate refrigeration power. The arrangement proposed here thus in particular avoids the use of a compression refrigeration machine and at the same time the disadvantages associated therewith, in particular the use of mechanical power for cold generation, which is subject to errors, maintenance and losses. At the same time, the waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement is advantageously used in a meaningful way, in that it is used — at least partially — in the sorption refrigeration device to generate refrigeration power. Furthermore, the arrangement enables an interconnection of the galvanic cell arrangement on the one hand and the sorption cooling device on the other hand, which allows the sorption cooling device to carry out waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement in a controlled or regulated manner in such a way that it can be operated in a narrow temperature range, in particular at its optimal efficiency, and at the same time with a small temperature difference between the ambient temperature and a return of a cooling circuit of the galvanic cell arrangement, high amounts of heat can be dissipated. At the same time, there is advantageously no need for a large cooler, since the corresponding high amounts of heat can be taken off at least to a large extent by the sorption cooling device. A cooler that may additionally be provided to absorb peak heat output can advantageously be designed correspondingly smaller.

A galvanic cell arrangement is understood here in particular as a device for the spontaneous conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy, which has at least one galvanic cell, preferably a plurality of galvanic cells electrically connected to one another, in particular galvanic cells connected in series. In particular, the galvanic cell arrangement is a device to which, during operation, a fuel, in particular fuel gas, and an oxidizing agent, in particular oxidizing gas, are continuously fed. The fuel and the oxidizing agent are electrochemically reacted with one another, the chemical reaction energy released being converted into electrical energy. A fuel is in particular an oxidizable substance; a fuel gas is accordingly in particular a gas or gas mixture which has at least one oxidizable component. The oxidizing agent is, in particular, a substance, preferably a gas, which has at least one constituent that is able to oxidize the fuel.

In a preferred embodiment, the fuel is selected from a group consisting of: Hydrogen, methane, methanol, butane, butanol, a mixture of at least one of the substances mentioned and accompanying substances, in particular natural gas, and a mixture of at least two of the substances mentioned above. The oxidizing agent is preferably oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, in particular air. In a preferred embodiment, the galvanic cell arrangement is set up as a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.

A sorption refrigeration device is understood to mean, in particular, a refrigeration machine in which a refrigerant is compressed by temperature-influenced absorption or adsorption of the refrigerant. This is also known as a thermal compressor. The refrigerant is absorbed in a circuit at a low temperature in a sorbent or adsorbed on a sorbent, and is desorbed from the sorbent or from the sorbent at a higher temperature. Depending on whether the refrigerant is absorbed or adsorbed, such a sorption cooling device is also referred to as an adsorption or absorption cooling device. In the cycle process, the temperature dependence of the physical solubility of two substances is used. In contrast to the coolant circuit described below for cooling the galvanic cell arrangement, the circuit for the refrigerant of the sorption refrigeration device is referred to below as the refrigeration circuit. This refrigeration circuit comprises - in the order given below in the flow direction of the refrigerant - an expeller, a condenser, an expansion device, in particular a throttle, an evaporator, and an absorber. In the expeller, the refrigerant is desorbed from the sorbent or from the sorbent with the supply of heat; the desorbed refrigerant is then condensed in the condenser, releasing heat. The condensed refrigerant is then expanded in the expansion device, in particular the throttle. The relaxed refrigerant is then evaporated in the evaporator, the heat of evaporation being withdrawn from the surroundings of the evaporator, whereby the cooling capacity is provided. The evaporated refrigerant is then absorbed in the absorber - with the release of absorption or adsorption heat - in the sorbent or adsorbed on the sorbent. For the sake of simplicity, the word “absorber” is used here for both an absorption and an adsorption device. The sorbate, that is to say the sorbent with the adsorbed or absorbed refrigerant, is then fed back to the expeller along a sorbate flow path, preferably by means of a conveying device, for example a pump. Furthermore, a sorbent flow path is preferably provided between the expeller and the absorber, via which the sorbent, which is separated from the refrigerant, is fed from the expeller to the absorber. A sorbate heat exchanger is preferably provided on the one hand in the sorbate flow path and on the other hand in the sorbate flow path in such a way that heat can be exchanged between the sorbate and the sorbent. In particular, the sorbent coming from the expeller can be pre-cooled, with the sorbate flowing into the expeller being preheated at the same time. This sorbate heat exchanger is also known as a temperature changer. The heat output required to generate cooling power, here the waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement, is preferably fed to the expeller.

The sorbent is preferably selected from a group consisting of: lithium bromide, water, silica gel, and a zeolite. The refrigerant is preferably selected from a group consisting of water and ammonia. In particular, a combination of sorbent on the one hand and refrigerant on the other (sorbent / refrigerant) is preferably selected from a group consisting of: lithium bromide / water, water / ammonia, zeolite / water, and silica gel / water.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the arrangement has a coolant circuit which is set up to cool the galvanic cell arrangement. The coolant circuit is thermally connected to the sorption cooling device. In particular, the coolant circuit is connected to the sorption cooling device in order to supply waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement to the sorption cooling device in order to generate cooling power. This represents a particularly simple and at the same time efficient thermal connection of the galvanic cell arrangement with the sorption cooling device.

According to a further development of the invention it is provided that the expeller of the sorption cooling device is arranged in the coolant circuit. This preferably means in particular that the expeller of the sorption cooling device is integrated into the coolant circuit of the galvanic cell arrangement. Preferably, coolant of the coolant circuit - in particular hot coolant, downstream of the galvanic cell arrangement - flows through the expeller at least temporarily when the arrangement is in operation. The waste heat from the sorption cooling device can thus be fed directly to the expeller.

Alternatively, it is preferably provided that a heat exchanger is arranged in the coolant circuit, which during operation of the arrangement at least temporarily - that is, in particular in certain operating states, as in the following explained - is flowed through on the one hand by the coolant and on the other hand by the sorbate of the sorption refrigeration device, so that heat is transferred from the coolant to the sorbate. In this embodiment, the coolant of the coolant circuit does not have to flow directly through the expeller, which in turn enables a spatially more flexible arrangement of the coolant circuit on the one hand and the expeller of the sorption refrigeration device on the other hand.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the coolant circuit has a heat exchanger bypass path which is set up to guide coolant along the coolant circuit while bypassing the heat exchanger. The arrangement also has a first valve device which is designed to exclude the heat exchanger from the coolant circuit in a first valve functional state of the first valve device and to include it in the coolant circuit in a second valve functional state of the first valve device. This means in particular that in the first valve functional state of the first valve device, a first flow path for the coolant, which leads via the heat exchanger, is blocked, with a second flow path for the coolant, which leads via the heat exchanger bypass path, being released at the same time. In the second valve functional state of the first valve device, the first flow path via the heat exchanger is released, with the second flow path being blocked via the heat exchanger bypass path. With this configuration of the arrangement, it is possible, if necessary, to transfer heat from the galvanic cell arrangement to the sorption cooling device and thus ultimately to control how much waste heat is dissipated or how much heat is withdrawn from the galvanic cell arrangement.

It is possible for the first valve device to have only two discrete switching states, namely the first valve functional state and the second valve functional state. It is then possible to switch virtually digitally between the first flow path and the second flow path for the coolant. However, the first valve device preferably has a discrete or continuous plurality of intermediate states, so that it is possible to guide the coolant partly via the first flow path and at the same time partly via the second flow path, that is to say to divide it between the flow paths. Such a configuration of the first valve device is also referred to below as a mixer. With such a configuration, it is possible to control the dissipation of heat from the galvanic cell arrangement in a particularly flexible manner.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the arrangement has an external heat exchanger which is set up to dissipate heat from the coolant - in particular from the coolant circuit - to an external environment of the arrangement. Such an external heat exchanger can in particular be provided in addition in order to intercept peak heat outputs that cannot be completely absorbed by the sorption chiller. This is because it is entirely possible that - at least in certain operating states, or also due to the design - the waste heat output of the galvanic cell arrangement is greater than the heat absorption of the sorption cooling device. In a preferred embodiment, the external heat exchanger is designed as an air heat exchanger.

At least one blower device, in particular at least one fan, is preferably assigned to the external heat exchanger in order to increase the efficiency of the heat dissipation. An instantaneous output of the blower device, in particular of the fan, is preferably controllable or regulatable, so that the heat dissipation via the external heat exchanger can also be controlled or regulated.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the coolant circuit has an external heat exchanger bypass path which is set up to guide coolant along the coolant circuit, bypassing the external heat exchanger. The arrangement has a second valve device which is set up to exclude the external heat exchanger from the coolant circuit in a first valve functional state of the second valve device and to include it in the coolant circuit in a second valve functional state of the second valve device. In particular, in the first valve functional state of the second valve device, a third flow path for the coolant, which leads via the external heat exchanger, is blocked, with a fourth flow path for the coolant, which leads via the external heat exchanger bypass path, being released at the same time. In the second valve functional state of the second valve device, the third flow path via the external heat exchanger is preferably released, and at the same time the fourth flow path via the external heat exchanger bypass path is blocked. With this configuration, it is possible to control or regulate in a flexible manner how much heat is dissipated from the coolant circuit to the external environment. This enables, in particular, a flexible interception of peak heat outputs, and at the same time the avoidance of excessive heat dissipation in operating states with a lower waste heat output of the galvanic cell arrangement, so that an impermissible drop in its operating temperature can be avoided.

It is possible for the second valve device to have only two discrete switching states, namely the first valve functional state and the second valve functional state. However, the second valve device is particularly preferably designed as a mixer, as was already explained above for the first valve device. In particular, both the first valve device and the second valve device are preferably designed as mixers.

According to a further development of the invention it is provided that the galvanic cell arrangement is designed as a fuel cell. This represents a particularly advantageous embodiment of the galvanic cell arrangement. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the galvanic cell arrangement is designed as a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.

The arrangement preferably has a control device which is set up to carry out a method according to the invention described below or a method according to one of the embodiments described below. The arrangement also preferably has a temperature sensor for detecting the characteristic temperature. The control device is preferably operatively connected on the one hand to the temperature sensor and on the other hand to the first valve device and to the second valve device for controlling it. The temperature sensor is preferably arranged - in particular directly - at an inlet for the coolant of the coolant circuit into the galvanic cell arrangement.

The object is also achieved by creating a vehicle which has an arrangement according to the invention for generating both electrical power and cooling power, or an arrangement according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above. In connection with the vehicle, there are in particular the advantages that have already been explained above in connection with the arrangement.

The electrical power generated by the galvanic cell arrangement is preferably used to drive the vehicle. The vehicle therefore preferably has an electric drive that is fed with the electrical power of the galvanic cell arrangement.

The electrical power of the galvanic cell arrangement can, however, advantageously also be used for an on-board network of the vehicle, in particular as an alternative or in addition to the use of the electrical power for driving the vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, the electrical power provided by the galvanic cell arrangement is fed to a battery as an alternative or in addition to the drive of the vehicle, in particular a buffer battery, in particular an accumulator. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cooling capacity generated by the sorption cooling device can at least also be used to cool the battery, in particular to keep the battery in a prescribed temperature range, preferably at a prescribed operating temperature, in particular at 20 ° C.

The cooling power generated by the sorption cooling device is preferably used for air conditioning an interior of the vehicle. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the evaporator of the sorption cooling device is set up to air-condition the vehicle interior or to cool supply air for the vehicle interior.

If more waste heat is released by the galvanic cell arrangement than is required for air conditioning the vehicle interior, in an advantageous embodiment, additional cooling output can also be released to the outside environment of the vehicle, i.e. the sorption cooling device can generate more cooling output than required for air conditioning the vehicle interior the excess cooling capacity is released to the external environment. However, the sorption refrigeration device therefore advantageously remains able to absorb the waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement. Such a configuration can make it possible to dimension the external heat exchanger smaller than would otherwise be necessary.

The vehicle is preferably designed as a land vehicle, watercraft or aircraft. In particular, the vehicle can be designed as a truck, a rail vehicle, in particular a locomotive or motor coach, or as a ship or boat, in particular a yacht, ferry, or submarine.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the external heat exchanger is a vehicle radiator of the vehicle. In this way, peak heat output of the galvanic cell arrangement can advantageously be dissipated particularly efficiently, and / or the vehicle radiator can also be used in a particularly efficient manner in order to dissipate peak heat output from the galvanic cell arrangement.

Because the heat output of the galvanic cell arrangement is absorbed by the sorption cooling device, the external heat exchanger can be made smaller overall than if the entire waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement is via the external heat exchanger would have to be discharged. In particular, the vehicle radiator can thus advantageously also be made smaller. This in turn saves installation space on or in the vehicle.

The object is also achieved in that a method for operating an arrangement for generating electrical power and cooling power is created, with electrical power being generated by means of a galvanic cell arrangement, with cooling power being generated by means of a sorption cooling device, and with waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement of the sorption cooling device for generation is supplied by cooling capacity. In connection with the method, there are in particular the advantages that have already been explained in connection with the arrangement and the vehicle.

According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that in a first functional state of the arrangement coolant is guided along the coolant circuit, i.e. in particular conveyed, while bypassing the heat exchanger and bypassing the external heat exchanger, wherein in a second functional state of the arrangement coolant is via the heat exchanger, however by bypassing the external heat exchanger, in particular is promoted. In the first functional state, heat from the coolant circuit can thus be avoided both to the sorption cooling device and to the external environment. In the second functional state, heat from the coolant circuit is only given off to the sorption cooling device, but not to the external environment. In a third functional state of the arrangement, coolant is preferably conducted both via the heat exchanger and via the external heat exchanger. In the third functional state, heat can thus be given off from the coolant circuit both to the sorption cooling device and to the external environment.

In the first functional state of the arrangement, the first valve device and the second valve device are both each in their first valve functional state. In the second functional state of the arrangement, the first valve device is in its second valve functional state, and the second valve device is in its first valve functional state. In the third functional state, the first valve device and the second valve device are each in their second valve functional state.

Preferably, no functional state is provided in which the second valve device is in its second valve functional state, but the first valve device is in its first valve functional state, since the waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement is preferably used primarily to operate the sorption cooling device and is not dissipated unused.

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the first functional state is assumed, or that the first functional state is switched to when a temperature characteristic of the operating state of the galvanic cell arrangement, in particular a coolant inlet temperature at an inlet of the coolant circuit into the galvanic cell arrangement, exceeds a predetermined value falls below the first limit value or has not yet reached a predetermined second limit value - for the first time after the galvanic cell arrangement has been put into operation. The first functional state is thus assumed in particular when the arrangement is started, when the galvanic cell arrangement first has to come to operating temperature, whereby it would be inefficient to extract heat from it. In addition, a switch is made to the first functional state if the operating temperature of the galvanic cell arrangement drops too much; in this case, further heat dissipation from the coolant circuit should be prevented.

In addition or as an alternative, it is provided that a switch is made from the first functional state to the second functional state if the characteristic temperature exceeds the predetermined second limit value. In this case, waste heat can advantageously be fed to the galvanic cell arrangement of the sorption refrigeration machine and thus the galvanic cell arrangement can be cooled as a result.

Alternatively or additionally, a switch is made from the second functional state to the third functional state when the characteristic temperature in the second functional state exceeds the predetermined second limit value. Thus, peak heat output of the galvanic cell arrangement can advantageously be dissipated via the external heat exchanger.

As an alternative or in addition, a switch is preferably made from the third functional state to the second functional state if the characteristic temperature falls below the predetermined first limit value. In this case, too much heat is obviously withdrawn from the galvanic cell arrangement, so that it makes sense to bypass the external heat exchanger in a first step and only dissipate waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement via the sorption cooling device.

Alternatively or additionally, provision is preferably made for switching from the second functional state to the first functional state when the characteristic temperature falls below the predetermined first limit value. In this case it will Obviously, too much heat is still withdrawn from the galvanic cell arrangement by bypassing the external heat exchanger only by heat removal of the sorption cooling device, so that the heat exchanger is also preferably bypassed in order to keep the galvanic cell arrangement in its prescribed temperature range.

According to a development of the invention it is provided that when the characteristic temperature in the third functional state exceeds the predetermined second limit value, an electrical power of the galvanic cell arrangement is reduced. In this way, overheating of the galvanic cell arrangement is advantageously avoided if the cooling mechanisms provided are no longer sufficient.

With the steps proposed here, it is possible - especially in their entirety - to control the operating temperature of the galvanic cell arrangement, preferably to regulate it, and to keep it in the temperature range that is optimal for it, but at the same time to sensibly use the waste heat dissipated To provide cooling capacity.

Intermediate states between the functional states explained here can preferably also be assumed, in particular by bringing the valve devices, namely the first valve device and the second valve device, into corresponding switching states between the respective first valve functional state and the respective second valve functional state and thus being operated as a mixer. A very sensitive control of the heat dissipation from the galvanic cell arrangement is thus possible.

The predetermined first limit value is preferably selected to be lower than the predetermined second limit value. This advantageously leads to hysteresis with respect to the various functional states, with the galvanic cell arrangement being able to be operated in a prescribed temperature range.

In a preferred embodiment, the predetermined first limit value is selected to be 60 ° C. Alternatively or additionally, particularly preferably in addition, the predetermined second limit value is selected as 70 ° C.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Anordnung zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Leistung und Kälteleistung, und
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Sorptionskälteeinrichtung.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show:

• 1 a schematic representation of an embodiment of an arrangement for generating electrical power and cooling power, and
• 2 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a sorption cooling device.

1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an arrangement 1 that is set up to generate both electrical power and cooling power. The order 1 has a galvanic cell arrangement 3 which is set up to generate electrical power. The galvanic cell arrangement 3 is preferably designed as a fuel cell, in particular as a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell. For this purpose, the galvanic cell arrangement 3 - especially continuously - a fuel gas 5 , in particular hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas, and an oxidizing agent 7th , in particular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, in particular air, can be supplied. Furthermore, it is from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 Exhaust gas 9 , especially water-containing exhaust gas 9 , in particular water vapor, can be removed. The galvanic cell arrangement 3 has an electrical connection 11 at which electrical power can be drawn.

The order 1 is preferably part of a vehicle 13th the arrangement 1 having. The electrical connection 11 is preferably electric with a vehicle drive of the vehicle 13th connected to supply the vehicle drive with electrical power. Alternatively or in addition, it is possible that to the electrical connection 1 a battery is electrically connected.

The order 1 also has a sorption cooling device 15th that is set up to generate cooling capacity 17th , which can be used as cold air in a preferred embodiment.

The galvanic cell arrangement 3 and the sorption cooling device 15th are thermally connected to one another in such a way that waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 the sorption cooling device 15th can be supplied to generate cooling capacity.

The order 1 has a coolant circuit 19th on, in which a coolant for cooling the galvanic cell arrangement 3 flows. In particular, the coolant is along the coolant circuit 19th conveyed, for which a conveying device, not shown here, in particular a pump, is preferably provided. The coolant circuit 19th is set up to cool the galvanic cell arrangement 3 , in particular the galvanic cell arrangement 3 at least partially from that Coolant flows through. The coolant circuit 19th is with the sorption cooling device 15th thermally connected to the waste heat of the galvanic cell arrangement 3 the sorption cooling device 15th to supply cooling capacity.

2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the sorption cooling device 15th . This has a refrigerant circuit 21st in which a refrigerant is conveyed. The refrigerant circuit 21st has - seen in the flow direction of the refrigerant in the following sequence - an expeller 23 , a capacitor 25th , a relaxation device 27 , an evaporator 29 , and an absorber 31 on. The waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 becomes the expeller 23 supplied, the refrigerant being desorbed by a sorbent here. The desorbed refrigerant is in the condenser 25th condensed with the dissipation of condensation heat, and then the condensed refrigerant is in the expansion device 27 relaxed. The relaxed refrigerant is in the evaporator 29 with extraction of heat from the environment of the sorption refrigeration device 15th evaporates. The evaporated refrigerant is then in turn in the absorber 31 sorbed by the sorbent, in particular absorbed or adsorbed, with corresponding absorption or adsorption heat being dissipated. The sorbate thus formed from the sorbent with sorbed refrigerant is transported along a sorbate flow path 33 , especially through a sorbate pump 35 , back to the expeller 23 promoted. There is also a sorbent flow path 37 provided about the in the expeller 23 sorbent freed from the refrigerant into the absorber 31 is directed. The sorption cooling device 15th also has a sorbate heat exchanger 39 or temperature changer on, in the heat from the expeller 23 sorbent coming into the expeller 23 flowing sorbate can be transferred. In this way, the sorbate and the sorbent can be preheated before being fed into the absorber 31 be cooled.

Coming back to 1 now has the arrangement 1 in the embodiment shown here, a heat exchanger 41 on that in the coolant circuit 19th is arranged, and the operation of the arrangement 1 at least temporarily on the one hand from the coolant 19th and on the other hand from the sorbate of the sorption refrigeration device 15th is flowed through, so that heat is transferred from the coolant to the sorbate. Thus, here sorbate flows in a schematically shown sorbate heating path 43 which is also in 2 is indicated schematically. In this way the expeller becomes 23 Heat from the heat exchanger 41 fed.

Alternatively it is possible that the expeller 23 directly in the coolant circuit 19th arranged, in particular in the coolant circuit 19th is involved. In this case, the coolant of the coolant circuit preferably flows through 19th the expeller 23 directly. In particular, the expeller can then 23 instead of and at the location of the heat exchanger shown here 41 into the coolant circuit 19th to be involved.

The coolant circuit 19th has a heat exchanger bypass path 45 on, which is set up to coolant along the coolant circuit 19th bypassing the heat exchanger 41 respectively. Furthermore, the arrangement 1 a first valve device 47 on that is set up to the heat exchanger 41 in a first valve functional state of the first valve device 47 from the coolant circuit 19th exclude, and in a second valve functional state of the first valve device 47 into the coolant circuit 19th to be included. The first valve device 47 can have two discrete switching states, or alternatively be designed as a mixer. The first valve device 47 is arranged here as an example at the position shown. You can also be arranged at the point at which the two streams on the one hand to the heat exchanger 41 and on the other hand to the outdoor heat exchanger 49 or to the outdoor heat exchanger bypass path 53 split up.

The order 1 also has an outdoor heat exchanger 49 on, which is set up to heat the coolant from the coolant circuit 19th to an external environment of the arrangement 1 discharge. The outdoor heat exchanger 49 is preferably designed as an air heat exchanger. In particular, the outdoor heat exchanger 49 preferably as a vehicle cooler 51 of the vehicle 13th educated. Preferably the outdoor heat exchanger 49 at least one blower device, in particular at least one fan, is assigned for cooling or heat dissipation, with an output of the blower device preferably being controllable or regulatable.

The coolant circuit 19th preferably has an outdoor heat exchanger bypass path 53 on, which is set up to coolant along the coolant circuit 19th bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 49 respectively. The order 1 also has a second valve device 55 on that is set up to the outdoor heat exchanger 49 in a first valve functional state of the second valve device 55 from the coolant circuit 19th exclude, and in a second valve functional state of the second valve device 55 into the coolant circuit 19th to be included. The second valve device 55 can have two discrete switching states, namely the first valve functional state and the second valve functional state. Alternatively it is preferably designed as a mixer. The second valve device 55 is arranged here as an example at the position shown. It can also be arranged at the point at which the two streams on the one hand to the outdoor heat exchanger 49 and on the other hand to the outdoor heat exchanger bypass path 53 split up.

In the first valve functional state of the first valve device 47 is a first flow path 57 for the coolant passing through the heat exchanger 41 leads, locked, with a second flow path 59 , this is the heat exchanger bypass path 45 , is released. In the second valve functional state of the first valve device 47 conversely, is the first flow path 57 released, and the second flow path 59 is locked.

In the first valve functional state of the second valve device 55 is a third flow path 61 for the coolant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 49 leads, locked, with a fourth flow path 63 , namely the outdoor heat exchanger bypass path 53 , is released. In the second valve functional state of the second valve device 55 is the third flow path 61 released, and the fourth flow path 63 is locked.

In operation of the arrangement 1 is made by the galvanic cell arrangement 3 Electric power is generated, and cooling power is generated by the sorption cooling device, with waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 the sorption cooling device 15th is supplied to generate cooling capacity.

The arrangement is in a first functional state 1 Coolant bypassing the heat exchanger 41 and bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 49 along the coolant circuit 19th guided. In a second functional state, coolant is passed through the heat exchanger 41 but bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 49 along the coolant circuit 19th guided. In a third functional state, the coolant is along the coolant circuit 19th both through the heat exchanger 41 as well as via the outdoor heat exchanger 49 guided.

In the first functional state, the coolant flows in particular via the second flow path 59 and via the fourth flow path 63 but not via the first flow path 57 , and also not via the third flow path 61 .

In the second functional state, the coolant flows via the first flow path 57 and not via the second flow path 59 . It also flows via the fourth flow path 53 and not via the third flow path 61 . In the third functional state, the coolant flows via the first flow path 57 and via the third flow path 61 , but not via the second flow path 59 and the fourth flow path 63 .

The arrangement is in the first functional state 1 preferably arranged if the galvanic cell arrangement after its start 3 has not yet reached its operating temperature. This is ensured if the first functional state is maintained after the start as long as a characteristic temperature, in particular a coolant inlet temperature into the galvanic cell arrangement 1 , has not yet reached a predetermined second limit value. However, the first functional state can also be in continuous operation of the arrangement 1 be assumed when the characteristic temperature falls below a predetermined first limit value, in particular to avoid the galvanic cell arrangement 3 too much heat is withdrawn. The characteristic temperature is preferably at the location of a temperature sensor shown schematically here 65 measured.

The first limit value is preferably chosen to be 60 ° C. The second limit value is preferably chosen to be 70 ° C.

The first functional state is preferably switched to the second functional state when the characteristic temperature exceeds the predetermined second limit value; in particular, the first flow path becomes 57 opened, and the second flow path 59 will be closed.

The second functional state is preferably switched to the third functional state when the characteristic temperature in the second functional state - again - exceeds the predetermined second limit value. Then - in addition to the first flow path 57 - the third flow path 61 opened, and the fourth flow path 63 will be closed.

If this is to dissipate the waste heat of the galvanic cell arrangement 3 If this is recognized by the fact that the characteristic temperature in the third functional state - again - exceeds the predetermined second limit value, the electrical power of the galvanic cell arrangement is not sufficient 3 reduced.

If, on the other hand, the characteristic temperature in the third functional state falls below the predetermined first limit value, a switch is made to the second functional state in order to prevent excessive heat dissipation from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 to prevent.

If this is not sufficient, and in particular the characteristic temperature in the second functional state falls - possibly again - below the predetermined first limit value, a switch is made back to the first functional state, which means that both the heat exchanger 41 as well as the outdoor heat exchanger 49 be bypassed. In this way, no further heat is generated from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 more dissipated.

Intermediate states between the three functional states mentioned here are preferably possible, so that particularly sensitive regulation of the temperature and the dissipation of heat from the galvanic cell arrangement 3 is possible.

The order 1 preferably has a control unit 67 on, in a manner not shown here with the temperature sensor 65 on the one hand for detecting the characteristic temperature, and with the first valve device 47 and the second valve device 55 on the other hand is operatively connected to their control. The control unit 67 is set up to carry out the procedure described above.

Typical electrical output of a vehicle fuel cell 13th is, for example, 80 kW, a typical cooling capacity for a sorption cooling device for such a vehicle 13th is typically 2 kW. Fall about 45% of the total power output of the galvanic cell arrangement 3 as waste heat, in the example mentioned this produces about 70 kW of electrical power in addition to 80 kW of heat output, the latter having to be dissipated via the cooling. The efficiency of a sorption chiller 15th of the type discussed here is typically 20% to 40%. When the fuel cell is operated in the lower power range, that is to say at 20% of the total nominal power, 14 kW of heat are available, which in turn is sufficient to generate at least 2.8 kW of cooling power.

The arrangement proposed here 1 advantageously enables energy savings. No compressor is required to generate cooling capacity. The sorption cooling device 15th has a longer service life than a compression refrigeration machine. Especially in midsummer when the cooling of the galvanic cell arrangement 3 requires a particularly high cooling capacity, most of the cooling capacity is also obtained from the sorption cooling device 15th requested. The order 1 allows the operation of the galvanic cell arrangement 3 also in hot zones and under high load at high temperatures.

Claims (13)

Arrangement (1) for generating electrical power and cooling power, with - A galvanic cell arrangement (3) for generating electrical power, and - A sorption cooling device (15) for generating cooling power, wherein - the galvanic cell arrangement (3) and the sorption cooling device (15) are thermally connected to one another in such a way that waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement (3) can be fed to the sorption cooling device (15) to generate cooling capacity. Arrangement (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the arrangement (1) has a coolant circuit (19) which is set up to cool the galvanic cell arrangement (3), the coolant circuit (19) being thermally connected to the sorption cooling device (15). Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a) an expeller (23) of the sorption cooling device (15) is arranged in the coolant circuit (19), wherein preferably coolant of the coolant circuit (19) the expeller (23) during operation the arrangement (1) flows through at least temporarily, or b) a heat exchanger (41) is arranged in the coolant circuit (19), which during operation of the arrangement (1) at least temporarily flows through on the one hand the coolant and on the other hand the sorbate of the sorption cooling device (15) so that heat is transferred from the coolant to the sorbate. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coolant circuit has a heat exchanger bypass path (45) which is set up to guide coolant along the coolant circuit (19) bypassing the heat exchanger (41), the arrangement (1) has a first valve device (47) which is set up to exclude the heat exchanger (41) from the coolant circuit (19) in a first valve function state of the first valve device (47), and in a second valve function state of the first valve device (47) to be included in the coolant circuit (19). Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement (1) has an external heat exchanger (49) which is set up to dissipate heat of the coolant to an external environment of the arrangement (1). Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Coolant circuit (19) has an outdoor heat exchanger bypass path (53) which is set up to guide coolant along the coolant circuit (19) bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger (49), the arrangement (1) having a second valve device (55) which is set up to exclude the external heat exchanger (49) from the coolant circuit (19) in a first valve functional state of the second valve device (55) and to include it in the coolant circuit (19) in a second valve functional state of the second valve device (55). Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the galvanic cell arrangement (3) is designed as a fuel cell. Vehicle (13), with an arrangement (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th . Vehicle (13) after Claim 8 , characterized in that the external heat exchanger (49) is designed as a vehicle cooler (51) of the vehicle (13). Method for operating an arrangement (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th , wherein the galvanic cell arrangement (3) is operated to generate electrical power, the sorption cooling device (15) being operated to generate cooling power, the sorption cooling device (15) being supplied with waste heat from the galvanic cell arrangement (3) for generating cooling power. Procedure according to Claim 10 , characterized in that an arrangement (1) according to the Claims 4 and 6th is operated, wherein in a first functional state of the arrangement (1) coolant is guided by bypassing the heat exchanger (41) and bypassing the external heat exchanger (49) along the coolant circuit (19), in a second functional state of the arrangement (1) coolant over the heat exchanger (41), but bypassing the external heat exchanger (49), is guided along the coolant circuit (19), preferably in a third functional state of the arrangement (1) coolant both via the heat exchanger (41) and via the external heat exchanger (49) is guided along the coolant circuit (19). Procedure according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the first functional state is assumed or switched to the first functional state when a characteristic temperature of the galvanic cell arrangement (3) is below a predetermined first limit value or has not yet reached a predetermined second limit value, from the first functional state to the second functional state is switched when the characteristic temperature exceeds the predetermined second limit value, switching from the second functional state to the third functional state when the characteristic temperature in the second functional state exceeds the predetermined second limit value, whereby from the third functional state to the second functional state is switched when the characteristic temperature in the third functional state falls below the predetermined first limit value, switching from the second functional state to the first functional state, when the characteristic temperature in the second functional state falls below the predetermined first limit value. Procedure according to Claim 12 , characterized in that an electrical power of the galvanic cell arrangement (3) is reduced when the characteristic temperature in the third functional state exceeds the predetermined second limit value.

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