DE102019204664A1 - System for the self-sufficient provision of energy sources for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system called a sector system for the self-sufficient provision of alternative energy sources for motor vehicles. The system comprises a power generation device (2) with at least one wind turbine (3) and / or at least one photovoltaic system (4). A device (13) enables hydrogen to be generated by electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen, with hydrogen being able to be withdrawn by a hydrogen-powered motor vehicle via at least one gas withdrawal point (20-1, ..., 20-n). Furthermore, the system (1) comprises at least one power withdrawal point (21-1, ..., 21-m) for withdrawing electrical energy for a battery of an electrically or hybrid-electrically operated motor vehicle. Electricity generated by the electricity generating device (2) and not used is stored in a rechargeable energy store (5) for later withdrawal. The device (13) for generating hydrogen and / or the at least one power take-off point (21-1, ..., 21-m) are from the power generating device (2) and / or from the rechargeable energy store (5) and / or supplied with energy from a public power grid (11), the power generating device (2), the device (13) for generating hydrogen and the rechargeable energy store (5) at the location of the at least one gas extraction point (20-1, ..., 20-n) and the at least one power take-off point (21-1, ..., 21-m) are arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a system for the self-sufficient provision of energy sources for motor vehicles. In particular, the invention relates to a system for the self-sufficient provision of alternative energy sources.

The number of electrically powered vehicles (e-vehicles) registered in Germany is currently around 200,000. In addition to purely battery-electric vehicles, electrically powered vehicles also include so-called hybrid vehicles, which include a combination of combustion engine and electric drive as drive sources. The number of electrically powered vehicles is to be increased significantly in the future in order to reduce local emissions of CO ₂ in the transport sector. A good charging infrastructure for electrically powered vehicles is therefore essential. According to current statistics, there are currently around 5,000 public charging stations at which the electrically powered vehicles can be charged. However, access to and handling of the charging stations is still complicated and costly for owners of electrically powered vehicles.

Due to the charging infrastructure that is only being set up, regionally different technologies exist, especially due to different charging station operators. In addition to the handling of the charging stations, which can differ depending on the operator, the business models used by the operators are also very different, which is noticeable in different billing models and different prices and / or charging periods. The entry requirements are also different. At one charging point, a user has to log in via SMS, for example, at another one needs an app from the respective charging station operator. Charging cards and pre-registration on a website are sometimes required.

For the successful implementation of future e-mobility, it is not the number of electrically operated vehicles that is considered, but the number of simultaneous charging processes. Since the time it takes to charge a battery storage device in an electrically powered vehicle also plays a major role, only sufficiently powerful fast charging stations can increase and ultimately enable the acceptance of the new mobility. With regard to network stability, however, it is feared that the low-voltage network is not designed for large numbers of electrically operated vehicles and simultaneous charging processes. Even with a quota of 30% of electrically powered vehicles, widespread power outages can occur. In order to avoid this and to enable higher quotas of electrically powered vehicles, large investments in network expansion, i.e. the energy transfer structure, is required.

Since electrically powered vehicles are considered unsuitable for transport and transportation, hydrogen plays a major role as an energy carrier and mobility fuel, as it can be refueled by conventional refueling processes in corresponding pressure storage devices in hydrogen-powered vehicles. For this purpose, fuel cell vehicles (H ₂ vehicles) are currently being brought onto the market. The spread of these emission-free vehicles depends heavily on the number of accessible hydrogen filling stations, which is currently still low. It is planned to increase the number of hydrogen filling stations in Germany to 400 in 2023.

Photovoltaic systems and wind turbines are increasingly being used to generate electricity. However, since photovoltaic systems only produce electricity when exposed to light and wind power plants produce electricity from wind, the periods of electricity production and electricity use do not always coincide. In particular with an increasing number of small systems, as e.g. are used on the roofs of residential buildings, it makes sense to store the energy gained in batteries. An alternative is the generation of hydrogen by electrolytic splitting of water and storage of the hydrogen. This can then, if necessary, in a fuel cell, e.g. the aforementioned fuel cell vehicle, can be used to generate electricity.

From the DE 10 2016 208 889 A1 For example, a system for providing hydrogen with a device for producing hydrogen by electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen is known. This system is used to provide hydrogen generated and consumed in the private sector, which can be used in particular to refuel a hydrogen-powered vehicle or in a fuel cell to generate electricity. It is proposed that the electricity required for the electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen should be produced by a system for generating electricity, for example a photovoltaic system. Alternatively, the electrical energy for operating the system can be taken from a public power grid, so that the production of hydrogen is also possible at night or in cloudy winter weeks.

Such a system designed for the private sector for the provision of hydrogen can However, they cannot be operated with sufficient energy self-sufficiency, which would be desirable from both an ecological and an economic point of view. In particular, there is the problem that with a large number of such systems, significant amounts of electricity have to be transported via the public electricity network, which can bring the currently existing network infrastructure to the limit of its capacity.

There is therefore a need to specify a system for providing energy sources for vehicles, which in principle is energy self-sufficient.

This object is achieved by a system according to the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the dependent patent claims.

A system for the self-sufficient provision of energy sources for motor vehicles is proposed. This system represents a so-called sector system. Energy carriers for motor vehicles in the sense of the present description are electricity for electrically operated vehicles as well as vehicles operated with hydrogen. Electrically operated vehicles are to be understood as meaning all vehicles which include at least one electric motor as a drive source. This includes purely battery-powered vehicles, hybrid-electrically powered vehicles which, in addition to an electric motor, also include an internal combustion engine as a drive source. The term motor vehicle is also to be understood broadly. This includes passenger vehicles, trucks, two-track vehicles, single-track vehicles (motorcycles, scooters) and aircraft.

The plant includes a power generating device for generating power. The power generation device comprises either one or more wind power plants or one or more photovoltaic plants or a combination of wind power plant (s) and photovoltaic plant (s). The power generation device can optionally or alternatively also contain other renewable energy sources, such as e.g. Running water systems and the like. The plant also includes a device for generating hydrogen by electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Furthermore, at least one gas extraction point is provided for the extraction of hydrogen by a motor vehicle operated with hydrogen. A hydrogen-powered motor vehicle is understood to mean both passenger vehicles and trucks that are used either to transport people or to transport loads. Finally, the system includes a control unit for controlling the components of the system. Furthermore, at least one current withdrawal point is provided for withdrawing electrical energy for a battery of an electrically or hybrid-electrically operated motor vehicle. The system further comprises a rechargeable energy store, in which electricity generated by the electricity generating device and not consumed is stored for later withdrawal. The device for generating hydrogen and / or the at least one power extraction point are supplied with energy from the power generating device and / or the rechargeable energy store and / or from a public power grid. The power generation device, the device for generating hydrogen and the rechargeable energy store are arranged at the location of the at least one gas extraction point and the at least one power extraction point.

The proposed system for the provision of energy sources for motor vehicles is self-sufficient, since the components of energy generation, energy storage and delivery points required for E / H ₂ mobility are spatially concentrated in one place. By combining the technologies known per se for generating electricity, for generating hydrogen, for storing electricity that is currently not consumed, as well as the extraction points for electricity and hydrogen, it is possible not only to operate the plant to the highest degree independently, but also with the current network infrastructure for the distribution of electricity without changes. An expansion or expansion of the network infrastructure does not need to be undertaken if the quota of electrically and / or hydrogen-powered vehicles exceeds the threshold of 30% or more that was previously considered critical.

The fact that the electricity used to charge battery storage devices for electrically operated vehicles is generated at the point of electricity delivery, as is the electricity required for the generation of hydrogen, means that it is not necessary to transport the required amounts of electricity via the public grid. Any excess electricity produced is temporarily stored in the rechargeable energy store for later consumption. A purchase of electricity from or a supply of electricity to the public power grid is therefore only permitted in exceptional cases, e.g. in extreme weather conditions and / or times of increased demand for electricity.

The combination of the components required for the generation and purchase of hydrogen with the components required for the generation, storage and purchase of electricity in one place makes it possible, in times when electricity is generated with the electricity generating device, which is supplied to the at least one electricity tapping point Withdrawal of electrical energy is currently not withdrawn, optionally in the to use rechargeable energy storage and / or to generate hydrogen by electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen.

The provision of a device for generating hydrogen at the location of the power generating device and the rechargeable energy storage device makes it possible to dimension the energy storage device much smaller compared to a situation in which the components for generating and consuming hydrogen are not provided. In particular, such a combination of technologies known per se makes it possible to sensibly use peak loads in the production of electricity without burdening the public grid and possibly delivering the electricity to other consumers under unfavorable conditions, possibly even against payment to have to.

The connection of the individual technical units (components for the generation and purchase of hydrogen, components for the generation and purchase of electricity as well as the components for the storage of electricity) to a large network results in a sector network that, through self-sufficiency, has negative effects of the E- / H ₂ mobility neutralized. The proposed system combines the sectors of supply, network stability, e-mobility, H ₂ mobility and the storage of excess energy. This results in a variety of synergetic effects which are not possible without the proposed combination of the system.

The energy storage system can be charged with energy volumes from trading in the control market and intraday market at zero tariff if the forecast is low wind and sun. The control unit, controlled by a control center (with 24/7 operation), enables the unsteady supply of wind and solar power to be balanced out, thereby relieving the public power grid.

The energy storage consists of a number of energy storage units, e.g. with an output of 10MW from 50 units each 200KW. Each individual energy storage unit can be charged and discharged independently of the entire system. Each energy storage unit can be controlled for this purpose. This results in the advantage that the energy storage device can be charged by the power generation systems and discharged at the same time via the consumers (power take-off points and / or device for generating hydrogen). The control unit, which is also referred to as a management system, enables the simultaneous power supply via the energy storage device and the power generation device during the charging process of vehicles and the production of hydrogen.

Furthermore, parallel to the process described above, the proposed system enables trading in the intraday market in order to buy energy, store or consume it when prices are negative. This also enables use in the control market in parallel.

The system is also smart grid capable. For this purpose, the control unit has the option of communicating via a data interface (e.g. an interface between the substation network connection of the control unit) with external service providers, in particular with energy suppliers and network operators, as well as with weather services for predicting the performance of the systems for power generation.

The system is designed to offer control energy (primary and secondary reserve) to a network operator. With this functionality, generally known as “Smart Grid”, the (public) power grid can be effectively relieved in an intelligent way. For example, on a sunny day, there may be an oversupply in the local / supraregional power grid due to the very high feed-in from existing photovoltaic systems with low power consumption, which the grid operator cannot efficiently compensate for. In this case, the energy store, when it has a low state of charge, can be charged with electricity from the public grid. This effectively relieves the public power grid.

An expedient embodiment provides that the power generation device, the device for generating hydrogen and the rechargeable energy storage device are dimensioned, taking into account an expected gas extraction and / or an expected current extraction, so that the system can operate independently of energy on 80% of the anniversaries . The various components are preferably dimensioned in such a way that an energy-independent operation of the system is not possible with 100%, since this would lead to a significant oversizing of the respective components. Since a connection to the public power grid is required anyway for legal reasons, a non-energy self-sufficient operation of the system can also be accepted on a certain number of anniversaries. The dimensioning of the components and the degree of the desired energy self-sufficiency in relation to a number of days per year can be determined by model calculations, tests and the like. In particular, economic considerations can also be included.

It is also expedient for the system to have a plurality of gas withdrawal points for the simultaneous withdrawal of hydrogen by motor vehicles operated with hydrogen. As a result, the system can be constructed in a manner similar to the currently known supply systems (filling stations) so that a large number of motor vehicles and / or trucks can be refueled with hydrogen at the same time. As a result, the time required for a refueling process including arrival and departure as well as any necessary waiting time is reduced to a minimum. The exact number of the plurality of gas withdrawal points can be flexibly adapted to the number of hydrogen-powered motor vehicles. In particular, the system can be designed in such a way that the number of gas extraction points increases with an increasing number of hydrogen-powered vehicles running on public roads.

A further embodiment provides that it has a plurality of electricity withdrawal points for the simultaneous withdrawal of electricity by electrically or hybrid-electrically operated motor vehicles. The power consumption points can in particular be designed as so-called fast chargers, which enable a battery storage device of the vehicle to be charged to be charged in a short time with high power. The power take-off points can be based on alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), depending on the charging technology required by the motor vehicle. It is possible that the power take-off points allow charging with direct current as well as with alternating current. If necessary, some of the power withdrawal points can also have only direct current or some other charging technology based on alternating current.

It is useful if the system is designed as a truck stop or supply system (similar to a conventional gas station) for a large number of motor vehicles. The number of large numbers of motor vehicles depends on the performance of the individual components of the system, in particular the power that can be provided by the power generation device, the amount of hydrogen that can be generated by the device for generating hydrogen in a certain period of time, and the energy store.

Another embodiment provides that the interconnection of the rechargeable energy store, the power generation device and the at least one power take-off point is such that there is no current flow via the public power grid. In other words, this means that the current flow flows almost exclusively via the private power grid, which is part of the proposed system for the self-sufficient provision of energy sources.

According to an expedient embodiment, the number of power take-off points is between 10 and 20th In this case, the power generation device has an installed capacity between 5 MW and 15 MW and the rechargeable energy storage device has a 6h capacity of 60 MWh. It should be noted that the installed power of the power generation device is divided between, if applicable, one or more wind power plants and one or more photovoltaic plants. The ratio of the installed power between wind turbine and photovoltaic system is preferably between 2 to 1 and 1 to 2 . It has been found that with a dimensioning of this order of magnitude, a largely energy-self-sufficient operation of the system is possible.

Another useful embodiment provides that the device for generating hydrogen in such a system has a power of 2 MW.

If the number of power take-off points is to be significantly larger or significantly smaller, the mentioned orders of magnitude can be adapted according to a linear factor by which the number of power take-off points is larger or smaller.

Another expedient embodiment provides that the device for generating hydrogen comprises a compressor and at least one compressed gas reservoir. In particular, the device for generating hydrogen has an output of 1.5 MW to 2.5 MW and is designed to produce about 1000 kg of hydrogen per day.

A further expedient embodiment provides that the plurality of power take-off points is assigned a corresponding plurality of standing areas for the motor vehicles, the majority of the standing areas being covered by the photovoltaic system.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Anlage zur autarken Bereitstellung von Energieträgern für E-/H2-Fahrzeuge; und
• 2 eine Skizze, die die Anordnung der in 1 dargestellten Komponenten beispielhaft verdeutlicht.

Further features and advantages of the invention are described below using an exemplary embodiment in the drawing. Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a system for the self-sufficient provision of energy sources for E / H2 vehicles; and
• 2 a sketch showing the arrangement of the in 1 illustrated components exemplified.

In the figures, the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols. The representations are only exemplary and in particular are not to scale.

1 shows a schematic system 1 for the self-sufficient supply of electricity and hydrogen as energy carriers for motor vehicles. The attachment 1 includes a power generating device 2 . The power supply device comprises merely by way of example 2 one or more wind turbines 3 and one or more photovoltaic systems 4th . Depending on the location of the system 1 could be the power generating device 2 also only one or more wind turbines 3 or only one or more photovoltaic systems 4th include. The power supply device can also - depending on the location of the system 1 - also include other regenerative energy producers.

The attachment 1 further comprises a rechargeable energy store 5 . The rechargeable energy store 5 includes, for example, a large number of lithium-ion batteries. Alternatively, the battery can be a ZnYTH battery. The large number of different accumulators can be connected in a suitable manner in parallel and / or in series. The accumulators can be present as one or more modules. The size of the rechargeable energy store 5 depends on the generating capacity of the power generating device 2 from. Based on a generation output between 10 MW and 15 MW of the power generation device, the 6h capacity is preferably between 60 MWh and 600 MWh.

If the system is provided in windy regions, one or more wind power systems are preferably used 3 with an output of, for example, 5 MW each. In sunny areas, the installed capacity of a photovoltaic system is 4th between 5 MW and 10 MW. The dimensioning of the wind turbines 3 and / or photovoltaic systems 3 can in particular also depend on the expected or actual use of the system to provide alternative energy sources for motor vehicles. In this description, electricity and hydrogen are understood as alternative energy sources.

The one from the power generating device 2 generated energy is a control unit 6th that have one or more inverters 7th (DC / DC and / or DC / AC and / or AC / AC and / or AC / DC) and a processing unit 8th includes fed. Using the computing unit 8th and the converter (s) 7th the generated electricity is temporarily stored in the rechargeable energy store 5 or a direct supply to one of the consumers described below.

The rechargeable energy storage 5 and the control unit 6th are preferably in a common housing (e.g. building or part of a building) 12 arranged. In the enclosure 12 can also use a low-voltage transformer 9 be arranged. Outside the enclosure 12 and possibly also outside a spatially delimited area 30th , in which the components of the system described here 1 are arranged is, for example, another medium-voltage transformer 10 provided which the plant 1 to a public power grid 11 connects. Although the connection to the public electricity network 11 would not be absolutely necessary for reasons of energy self-sufficiency due to the dimensioning of the components, this is prescribed for legal reasons.

As a consumer of the power generating device 2 and / or from the rechargeable energy store 5 provided electricity are a device 13 for the production of hydrogen as well as a variety of power take-off points 21st provided for the extraction of electrical energy for a battery of an electrically operated vehicle or hybrid-electric vehicle.

The device 13 for generating hydrogen comprises, in a known manner, an electrolyser 14th for the electrochemical splitting of water into oxygen and hydrogen. The one from the electrolyser 14th produced hydrogen can be via a pipe 16 in a pressurized gas storage tank 15th are funded for temporary or long-term intermediate storage. Pumps and the like that may be required for this are not shown for the sake of simplicity. There are also a number of gas withdrawal points 20-1 , ..., 20-n (Fuel pumps) provided, which hydrogen via a switching valve 17th optionally from the pressurized gas storage tank 15th or directly from the electrolyzer 14th get fed. Corresponding lines are marked with the reference symbol 18th , 19th marked.

The power take-off points, which are also referred to as charging stations, are denoted by the reference number 21-1 , ..., 21-m designated. The power take-off points 21-1 , ..., 21-m are over one or more power units 22nd with the control unit 6th connected. About the one or more power units 22nd can be a respective power take-off point 21-1 , ..., 21-m a performance required by a vehicle to be charged can be made available. If the respective power units are designed, for example, for a power of 100 KW, but the battery of the vehicle to be charged can be charged with 400 KW, so the power take-off point 21-x (where x stands for the power take-off point to which the vehicle to be charged is connected) of four power units 22nd powered.

The number m of power tapping points and the number n of gas tapping points can be different or the same.

The corresponding technologies for generating and providing hydrogen and for providing electricity for charging an electrically operated vehicle are known in principle and are also not the subject of the present application in detail. A detailed description is therefore dispensed with at this point.

As is clear from the foregoing description, the power generating devices are 2 , the device 13 for the production of hydrogen and the rechargeable energy storage 5 dimensioned taking into account an expected or actual gas extraction and / or an expected and actual current extraction such that an essentially energy-self-sufficient operating system is made possible. This means that a balance sheet energy self-sufficiency is possible on around 80% of the anniversaries. This energy self-sufficiency is achieved through the appropriate dimensioning of the components.

This means that the energy-independent operation of the system 1 by the spatial concentration of the named components in the spatially delimited area 30th , which represents, for example, a truck stop or a supply system for a large number of motor vehicles, an energy exchange (i.e. an energy purchase or an energy supply) with the public power grid is reduced to a minimum, so that an adaptation of the current network infrastructure of the public power grid is not or is only required to a small extent.

The land consumption for the as in 1 described plant (i.e. for the wind turbine (s) 3 , the energy storage 5 , the device 13 for the production of hydrogen, the power take-off points 21st (Charging stations) and the parking areas) is between 5 and 6 hectares, whereby for the photovoltaic system (s) 4th per MW of generation capacity an additional approx 2 Hectares are estimated. This makes it possible to choose a number between 10 and 20th Power take-off points 21-1 , ..., 21-m to provide. In this case, the installed capacity of the power generating device should be 2 between 5 MW and 15 MW, the distribution between wind turbine (s) 3 and photovoltaic system (s) 4th in a relationship between 2 to 1 and 1 to 2 should be chosen depending on the location. With this dimensioning, it is sufficient if the rechargeable energy storage device has a 6h capacity of 60 MWh. The device for generating hydrogen expediently has an output of 2 MW. This makes the device 13 to produce hydrogen capable of producing approx. 1,000 kg of hydrogen per day.

2 shows a sketch showing the arrangement of the in 1 components described in the 30th the designated spatially delimited area. The attachment 1 or the area 30th is for example a truck stop. With the reference numbers 24 , 25th , 26th are entrances and exits to the facility 1 described. The rechargeable energy storage device is outside of the area delimited by the vehicles to be supplied 5 arranged. One or more wind turbines can be installed on the edge of the area accessible by vehicles 3 be provided.

In the in 2 The sketch shown are exemplary 20th Power take-off points 21-1 , .., 21-20 (ie m = 20) provided, with each power take-off point a stand area (parking space) 23-1 , ..., 23-20 assigned for a vehicle to be charged. The total area required as a result for the charging station can advantageously be protected by a roof, with the photovoltaic system 4th installed on the roof. The device is adjacent, but at a sufficient distance from the charging station 13 arranged to generate hydrogen. The electrolyzer 14th and the or the compressed gas storage 15th are for example at the edge of the spatially delimited area 30th intended. In close proximity to this are five gas withdrawal points (fuel pumps) 20-1 , ..., 20-5 (ie n = 5) provided in two rows that allow vehicles (passenger cars and trucks) to be refueled in four lanes.

The spatial delimitation 27 between the vehicles to be refueled with hydrogen and the vehicles to be supplied with electricity is optional, but can also be provided for safety reasons.

The attachment 1 can be supplemented by a kiosk, a supermarket, a (fast) restaurant and the like. In particular, it is advisable to arrange the proposed system along high-speed traffic routes, such as, for example, motorways or federal highways, so that in particular legal requirements with regard to distance regulations for wind power systems can be stopped without problems.

Operation of the facility 1 is as follows: The one for generating the hydrogen in the device 13 for the production of hydrogen and for the power take-off points 21st required electricity is in the power generating device 2 generated. With the one in the power generating device 2 electricity is produced when consumers at the tapping points 20th and or 21st are connected, under control of the computing unit 8th the control unit 6th of the generated electricity by means of the converter 7th to the tapping points 20th and or 21st led, with the power take-off point 21st the power unit 22nd controls the demand for electricity. For this purpose, the power units receive 22nd via the charging station 21st a signal received by the vehicle to be charged with the information about the voltage of the battery in the vehicle (eg 400V or 500V). This information is taken into account as to whether the vehicle battery can be charged with 175kW, 350kW or 500kW, for example. Multiple power units 22nd are then interconnected if necessary to provide a high charging power.

Is the demand for electricity at the electricity tap or points 21st and the need for hydrogen at the gas withdrawal point or points 20th in total larger than the power generating device 2 can produce is through the computing unit 8th the rechargeable energy storage 5 included in the power supply process by adding electricity from the rechargeable energy store 5 removed and the withdrawal points 20th and or 21st is fed. Thereby the rechargeable energy storage 5 unload. Is the rechargeable energy store 5 not sufficiently charged with electricity to supply the tapping points 20th and or 21st To guarantee electricity is generated by means of the (medium-voltage) transformer 10 from the public network 11 based. This process is also carried out by means of the control unit 6th controlled. Is the need for electricity at the electricity tapping points 21st and the need for hydrogen at the gas withdrawal points 20th less than the power generation plant 2 is produced by means of the control unit 8th the converter 7th operated in such a way that the rechargeable energy store 5 with excess electricity generated by the power generating device 2 produced and not consumed can be charged.

The attachment 1 includes further means for checking whether a respective consumer is at the gas tap or points 20th and the power take-off point (s) 21st is connected, as well as for measuring the pressure at the gas sampling point or points 20th and the electricity demand at the electricity withdrawal point or points 21st . In addition, there are sensors (not shown in the figures) which are designed to measure the pressure in the pressurized gas reservoir 15th to measure or the electricity demand in the power unit 22nd to investigate.

The device 13 to generate hydrogen, in addition to the production of hydrogen, it is designed to deliver the hydrogen to the gas extraction point or points 20th to lead when a consumer is at one of the gas withdrawal points 20th connected. Otherwise, if there is no consumer at one of the gas withdrawal points 20th is connected, the hydrogen produced is stored in the pressurized gas storage tank 15th temporarily stored for later withdrawal, whereby the production of hydrogen is terminated as soon as an upper pressure limit value in the compressed gas reservoir 15th is achieved. In this case, hydrogen can also be supplied directly from the pressurized gas storage tank 15th to the gas withdrawal point or points 20th take place when a consumer is at one of the gas withdrawal points 20th connected. The production of hydrogen by the device 13 is then preferably ended or interrupted.

Switching off the production of hydrogen and no supply of hydrogen to the gas extraction points 20th takes place when no consumer is connected to the gas tapping points and the pressure in the pressurized gas reservoir 15th corresponds to the upper pressure limit value (ie the compressed gas reservoir is full).

Switching off the supply of energy to the power take-off points 21st takes place when there is no consumer at the power take-off points 21st is connected and the power demand at the power unit 22nd drops towards 0 volts. Is by the control unit or the computing unit 8th recognized that no consumer at the tapping points 20th and 21st is connected and that the rechargeable energy storage 5 has no free capacity, then the power generating device 2 produced electricity by means of the (medium voltage) transformer 10 to the public power grid 11 issued for remuneration (intraday market and regular market).

List of reference symbols

1

System for the provision of energy sources

2

Power generating device

3

Wind turbine

4th

Photovoltaic system

5

rechargeable energy storage

6th

Control unit

7th

Converter

8th

Arithmetic unit

9

transformer

10

transformer

11

public power grid

12

Enclosure

13

Device for generating hydrogen

14th

Electrolyzer

15th

Compressed gas storage

16

management

17th

Switching device

18th

management

19th

management

20th

Gas sampling device

20-1, ..., 20-n

Gas tapping point

21-1, ..., 21-m

Power take-off point

22nd

Power unit

23-1, ..., 23-m

Stand space for motor vehicle

24

Arrival and / or departure

25th

Arrival and / or departure

26th

Arrival and / or departure

27

Demarcation

30th

spatially delimited area

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102016208889 A1 [0007]

Claims (12)

System for the self-sufficient provision of energy sources for motor vehicles, comprising - a power generation device (2), comprising at least one wind power plant (3) and / or at least one photovoltaic plant (4); - A device (13) for generating hydrogen by electrochemical splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen; - At least one gas withdrawal point (20-1, ..., 20-n) for withdrawing hydrogen from a hydrogen-powered motor vehicle; - a control unit (6); characterized in that the system (1) further comprises: - at least one current withdrawal point (21-1, ..., 21-m) for withdrawing electrical energy for a battery of an electrically or hybrid-electrically operated motor vehicle; - A rechargeable energy store (5) in which the electricity generated by the electricity generating device (2) and not consumed is stored for later use; wherein the device (13) for generating hydrogen and / or the at least one power take-off point (21-1, ..., 21-m) from the power generating device (2) and / or the rechargeable energy store (5) and / or from a public power grid (11) are supplied with energy; wherein the power generation device (2), the device (13) for generating hydrogen and the rechargeable energy store (5) at the location of the at least one gas extraction point (20-1, ..., 20-n) and the at least one electricity extraction point (21 -1, ..., 21-m) are arranged. Plant after Claim 1 , characterized in that the power generation device (2), the device (13) for generating hydrogen and the rechargeable energy store (5) are dimensioned, taking into account an expected gas extraction and / or an expected current extraction, so that an energy-self-sufficient operation of the System (1) is enabled on 80% of the anniversaries. Plant after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that it has a plurality of gas withdrawal points (20-1, ..., 20-n) for the simultaneous withdrawal of hydrogen by hydrogen-powered motor vehicles. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a plurality of current withdrawal points (21-1, ..., 21-m) for the simultaneous withdrawal of current by electrically or hybrid-electrically operated motor vehicles. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a truck stop or supply system for a large number of motor vehicles. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interconnection of the rechargeable energy store (5), the power generating device (2) and the at least one power take-off point (21-1, ..., 21-m) is such that no or there is almost no current flow via the public power grid (11). System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the number of power take-off points (21-1, ..., 21-m) is between 10 and 20, in which case the power generating device (2) has an installed capacity between 5 and 15 MW and the rechargeable energy store (5) has a 6h capacity of 60 MWh. Plant after Claim 7 , characterized in that the ratio of the installed power between the wind power plant (3) and the photovoltaic plant (4) is between 2 to 1 and 1 to 2. Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (13) for generating hydrogen has an output of 2 MW. Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (13) for generating hydrogen comprises a compressor and at least one pressurized gas reservoir (15). Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (13) for generating hydrogen has an output of 1.5 to 2.5 MW and is designed to produce 1000 kg of hydrogen per day. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of power take-off points (21-1, ..., 21-m) is assigned a corresponding plurality of standing areas (23-1, ..., 23-m) for the motor vehicles is, the majority of the standing areas (23-1, ..., 23-m) is covered by the photovoltaic system (4).

Images