DE102019201547A1 - Clamping device for clamping two or more components - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamping device (1) for clamping two or more components (2, 3, 15), comprising a clamping element (4) which, with its two ends (5, 6), is attached to one component (2, 3, 15 ) is definable. In order to easily achieve a predetermined pre-tension in the tensioning device, the invention provides that at least one end (5) of the tensioning device (1) has: a threaded section (7) connected to the tensioning element (4) and onto which a first tensioning nut (8) can be screwed on, wherein the first clamping nut (8) rests directly or indirectly on one of the components (2, 3, 15), a second clamping nut (9) which can be screwed onto the threaded section (7), and means (10 ) for generating an axial clamping force between the second clamping nut (9) and one of the components (2, 3, 15), the means (10) for generating the axial clamping force having at least one radial recess (11) via which the first clamping nut (8) is accessible in order to rotate it.

Description

The invention relates to a clamping device for clamping two or more components, comprising a clamping element, which can be fixed with its two ends on one component each. The subject matter of the invention is also a mobile unit which is provided for producing said bracing and which is attached to the components for producing the bracing.

Clamping devices of the generic type are required in particular on metallurgical vessels in order to connect parts or sections of the same to one another under prestress. Such a device is from DE 29 47 168 B1 known. The clamping element (tension element) used here is fixed with its two ends in different areas of the vessel and clamps them together.

Such a solution is also from the DE 34 10 949 C2 known. The metallurgical vessel is designed here, in particular, as a steelworks converter.

Similar solutions show the DE 1 911 948 B , the EP 0 015 408 B1 , the EP 1 920 076 B1 , the EP 0 040 112 B2 , the EP 1 533 389 A1 , the DE 15 33 909 C3 , the DE 23 16 197 C3 , the DE 28 03 457 B1 and the EP 2 678 454 B1 .

In order to generate a defined and desired clamping force in the clamping element, relatively complex measures have to be taken in some cases. In some cases, when using conventional clamping nuts, hydraulic clamping devices are used with which the required preload is generated in the clamping element (i.e. in the tie rod). From the cited publications it is also known in part that mechanical clamping devices are used which are provided for each of the individual clamping devices.

This results in a high level of use both in the manufacture of the clamping devices and in their assembly.

The invention is based on the object of proposing a tensioning device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which it is possible to simplify the pre-tensioning process of the tensioning element and thereby generate a predetermined pre-tensioning in the tensioning element. This should make it possible, in particular, to connect two or more parts to be braced to one another in a simple and cost-effective manner in metallurgical systems, in particular in converters as well as in screw connections of arc furnaces and here specifically on electrode support arms of the same.

• - einen mit dem Spannelement verbundenen Gewindeabschnitt, auf den eine erste Spannmutter aufschraubbar ist, wobei die erste Spannmutter direkt oder indirekt an einem der Bauteile anliegt,
• - eine zweite Spannmutter, die auf den Gewindeabschnitt aufschraubbar ist, und
• - Mittel zum Erzeugen einer axialen Spannkraft zwischen der zweiten Spannmutter und einem der Bauteile,

wobei die Mittel zum Erzeugen der axialen Spannkraft mindestens eine radiale Ausnehmung aufweisen, über die die erste Spannmutter zugänglich ist, um diese zu drehen.The solution to this object by the invention is characterized in that at least one end of the clamping device has:

• - A threaded section connected to the tensioning element, onto which a first tensioning nut can be screwed, the first tensioning nut being in direct or indirect contact with one of the components,
• - A second clamping nut which can be screwed onto the threaded section, and
• - Means for generating an axial clamping force between the second clamping nut and one of the components,

wherein the means for generating the axial clamping force have at least one radial recess through which the first clamping nut is accessible in order to rotate it.

The means for generating an axial clamping force can comprise a ring which has the at least one radial recess. A plurality of radial recesses can be distributed around the circumference of the ring. The first clamping nut and the ring are in operation of the clamping device, i. H. when the bias is built up in the tensioning element, preferably arranged coaxially.

The means for generating an axial clamping force preferably comprise at least one screw which is screwed into a thread in the second clamping nut and which presses on the ring. It is preferably provided that a plurality of screws are arranged distributed around the circumference of the second clamping nut. Particularly preferably, three or more screws are arranged distributed around the circumference of the second clamping nut.

A spacer ring can be arranged between the first clamping nut and one of the components.

The clamping device is preferably part of a metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter. Another preferred application is that the clamping device is part of an electrode support arm of an electric arc furnace. It can also generally be part of a screw connection to be prestressed.

The proposed tensioning device is used in particular on converters whose vessel fastenings have tensioning elements. It can also be used on screws or components to be prestressed such as flange screw connections on electrode support arms of an electric arc furnace or flange screw connections on gearbox housings.

In addition, the proposed solution can also generally be used for clamping elements or components that are to be prestressed.

The proposed solution makes it possible to make the clamping devices relatively simple, the clamping device only being required once for the respective clamping element size to generate the axial clamping force.

The pre-tensioning process is thus simplified and a clearly defined pre-tensioning can be applied via a specified torque of the screws. The pretensioning force in the tensioning element can thus be defined in a simple manner and easily generated.

The clamping devices can be serviced and stored in the workshop because they are mobile. This means that the previously known mechanical clamping devices no longer have to be installed in the hot or dirty area or hydraulic clamping devices that are difficult to handle can be dispensed with entirely.

Furthermore, a large number of tensioning elements can be pre-tensioned with a single means for generating an axial tensioning force, which leads to a correspondingly cost-effective solution.

• 1 in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Distanzkäfig eines Rotationskonverters, der mit einer Anzahl Spannelementen ausgestattet ist, die mit einer Spannvorrichtung gemäß 2 vorgespannt werden, und
• 2 den Radialschnitt durch einen Endbereich einer Spannvorrichtung.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show it:

• 1 a perspective view of a distance cage of a rotary converter, which is equipped with a number of clamping elements, which with a clamping device according to 2 be biased, and
• 2 the radial section through an end region of a clamping device.

In 1 is a distance cage 15th shown how it is used and known in a converter in a steelworks (e.g. rotary converter for copper production). In general, reference is made to the above-mentioned prior art, where it is explained in detail how the components can be designed that are held together with the respective clamping elements and clamped together.

In 1 it can be seen that a large number of clamping elements 4th is used to create a first component 2 with a second component 3 and a third component 15th to connect and brace together. The clamping device described below for the clamping process is in each case on the thread ends of the clamping head 5 (End of the clamping element with threaded section) of each clamping element 4th put on to the components 2 , 3 and 15th about the clamping elements 4th to brace.

The detailed design of the jig 1 at one end 5 of the clamping element 4th (in the form of a tie rod) goes out 2 emerged.

In this figure it can be seen that the clamping element 4th a threaded section in its axial end region 7th having. On the threaded section 7th is a first clamping nut 8th unscrewed when using the jig later 1 the axial fixing of the end 5 of the clamping element 4th on the component 2 accomplished. The first clamping nut lies here 8th directly or indirectly on the component 2 on; in the exemplary embodiment there is an indirect contact because between the first clamping nut 8th and the component 2 is a spacer ring 14th placed, which transfers the axial tensile force in the clamping element 4th is generated.

For pre-tensioning with the tensioning device 1 and specifically of the clamping element 4th becomes a second clamping nut 9 on the threaded section 7th unscrewed. Funds are still available 10 to generate an axial clamping force between the second clamping nut 9 and the component 2 .

This means 10 essentially comprise two core elements in the exemplary embodiment, namely a ring 12th as well as a number of screws 13th in the second clamping nut 9 . The ring 12th rests with its one (left) end on the component 2 on; its other (right) end is the second clamping nut 9 opposite, with between the second clamping nut 9 and the ring 12th the screws 13th are effective and when tightening an axial force between the second clamping nut 9 and the ring 12th produce.

Several, usually at least three screws can be used 13th around the circumference of the second clamping nut 9 be screwed in; accordingly, the second clamping nut 9 a number of threaded holes, each with a screw 13th can be screwed in. The head of the screw 13th protrudes, which is not shown, to the right from the second clamping nut 9 and can accordingly be turned here with a wrench or torque wrench.

Will the screws 13th When tightened, press the ring with your left axial end 12th . Accordingly, an axial tensile force is generated in the clamping element 4th generated after the second Clamping nut 9 on the threaded section 7th is screwed on. The screws 13th are tightened with a specified torque so that in the clamping element 4th sets a corresponding defined and desired tensile force.

To secure this bias, the ring 12th radial recesses 11 on that about the circumference of the ring 12th are arranged; there are usually several recesses 11 provided distributed over the circumference.

The recesses 11 allow it, by hand or by means of a tool, radially from the outside through the ring 12th to reach through and to the first clamping nut 8th to get this tightened so that it is over the spacer ring 14th on the component 2 presses.

Is the first clamping nut 8th rotated or tightened in this way, the screws 13th be turned back so that the flow of force between the clamping element 4th , Threaded section 7th , second clamping nut 9 and ring 12th to the component 2 is interrupted. The second clamping nut 9 can now from the threaded section 7th unscrewed and removed, just like the ring 12th .

Thus then lies in the clamping element 4th the desired tensile stress.

Accordingly, to generate the bias in the tensioning element 4th the clamping element components also provided in later operation of the arrangement 4th , first clamping nut 8th and spacer ring 14th , but also the components that are no longer required later in the operation of the clamping device, the second clamping nut 9 including screws 13th and ring 12th used.

Only the first clamping nut then remains in operation 8th on the threaded section 7th and the spacer ring 14th on the component 2 .

The second clamping nut 9 including screws 13th and ring 12th can be used to make the next jigs 1 with their corresponding clamping element 4th pre-tension.

No excessively large installation space is required for the use of the proposed clamping device, but there must be at least sufficient space to accommodate the ring for the mobile clamping device 12th put on and the second clamping nut 9 including screws 13th unscrew and then the screws 13th tighten to generate the pre-tensioning force.

Furthermore, a certain accessibility is required in order to get through the recesses 11 the first clamping nut 8th to be able to rotate.

In this context, it is also important that the thread section 7th is functional and allows the two clamping nuts to be removed without any problems 8th and 9 on the threaded section 7th to turn.

List of reference symbols

1

Jig

2

Component (upper race)

3

Component (lower race)

4th

Clamping element (screw connection)

5

End of the clamping element (clamping head with thread)

6

End of the clamping element (clamping head without thread)

7th

Threaded section

8th

first clamping nut

9

second clamping nut

10

Means for generating an axial clamping force

11

radial recess

12th

ring

13th

screw

14th

Spacer ring

15th

Distance cage

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 2947168 B1 [0002]
• DE 3410949 C2 [0003]
• DE 1911948 B [0004]
• EP 0015408 B1 [0004]
• EP 1920076 B1 [0004]
• EP 0040112 B2 [0004]
• EP 1533389 A1 [0004]
• DE 1533909 C3 [0004]
• DE 2316197 C3 [0004]
• DE 2803457 B1 [0004]
• EP 2678454 B1 [0004]

Claims (11)

Clamping device (1) for clamping two or more components (2, 3, 15), comprising a clamping element (4) whose two ends (5, 6) can be fixed to one component (2, 3, 15), characterized in that at least one end (5) of the clamping device (1) has: - a threaded section (7) connected to the clamping element (4), onto which a first clamping nut (8) can be screwed, the first clamping nut (8) directly or indirectly on one of the components (2, 3, 15), - a second clamping nut (9), which can be screwed onto the threaded section (7), and - means (10) for generating an axial clamping force between the second clamping nut (9 ) and one of the components (2, 3, 15), the means (10) for generating the axial clamping force having at least one radial recess (11) via which the first clamping nut (8) is accessible in order to rotate it. Clamping device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the means (10) for generating an axial clamping force comprise a ring (12) which has the at least one radial recess (11). Clamping device according to Claim 2 , characterized in that a plurality of radial recesses (11) are arranged distributed around the circumference of the ring (12). Clamping device according to Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the first clamping nut (8) and the ring (12) are arranged coaxially. Clamping device according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that the means (10) for generating an axial clamping force comprise at least one screw (13) which is screwed into a thread in the second clamping nut (9) and which can press on the ring (12). Clamping device according to Claim 5 , characterized in that several screws (13) are distributed around the circumference of the second clamping nut (9). Clamping device according to Claim 6 , characterized in that three or more screws (13) are arranged distributed around the circumference of the second clamping nut (9). Clamping device according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th , characterized in that a spacer ring (14) is arranged between the first clamping nut (8) and one of the components (2, 3, 15). Clamping device according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that it is part of a metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter. Clamping device according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that it is part of an electrode support arm of an electric arc furnace. Clamping device according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that it is part of a screw connection to be prestressed.

Images