DE102019128011A1 - Braking device for a vehicle, vehicle with the braking device and method for wear adjustment with an adjusting device of the braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

A braking device 14 for a vehicle 1 with at least one wheel 3 is provided. The braking device 14 comprises an adjusting device 27. The braking device 12 comprises a first braking partner 40 and a second braking partner 41, which are subject to wear during a braking operation of the braking device 14, so that the first braking partner 40 and / or the second braking partner 41 have a degree of wear. The adjustment device 27 is provided for wear adjustment, an axial stroke path S1 and an axial return stroke path S2 of the first braking partner 40 being independently and / or adaptable to the degree of wear by means of the adjusting device 27.

Description

The invention relates to a braking device for a vehicle with the features of the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a vehicle with the braking device and a method for wear adjustment with an adjusting device of the braking device.

In vehicles, e.g. two-wheelers, such as bicycles or scooters, etc., it is known to use drum brakes, disc brakes or shoe brakes. These are mostly operated by a closed hydraulic system in order to brake the vehicle.

For example, the document describes DE 200 16 878 U1 a scooter with a braking device, which is designed as a hydraulically activated disc brake. The braking device has a brake disc connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a wheel and a brake caliper connected fixedly to the frame of the scooter, the brake caliper containing brake linings which act on the brake disc.

When braking, the brake linings wear due to friction, so that manual wear readjustment is necessary in the closed hydraulic system.

The object of the present invention is to provide an alternative braking device for a vehicle in which manual readjustment of the hydraulic system can be dispensed with. This object is achieved by a braking device for a vehicle with the features of claim 1, by a vehicle with the braking device with the features of claim 9 and by a method for wear adjustment with an adjusting device of the braking device with the features of claim 10. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the following description and the attached figures.

The invention relates to a braking device which is suitable and / or designed for a vehicle. The vehicle may include one or more braking devices. For example, the vehicle is designed as a single-lane or multi-lane vehicle. The vehicle is preferably designed as an electrically powered vehicle. In particular, the vehicle is a miniature electric vehicle, including vehicles without a seat or self-balancing vehicles with or without a seat.

The vehicle is preferably designed as a small or micro vehicle or as an electromobile. The vehicle has at least one wheel. With only one wheel, the vehicle can be designed as an electric unicycle, e.g. as a so-called monowheel or solo wheel. With two or more wheels, the vehicle is preferred as a scooter, in particular as an electric motorcycle, as an electric scooter, as an electric scooter, electric scooter, electric scooter, e.g. e-scooter, as a Segway, hoverboard, kickboard, skateboard, longboard or the like. educated. Alternatively, the vehicle can be designed as a bicycle, in particular as an electric bicycle, e.g. as a pedelec or as an e-bike. The vehicle can alternatively be designed as a multi-track bicycle, in particular with three or more wheels. For example, the vehicle can be a transport or cargo bike, in particular a motorized or electrically driven transport or cargo bike, in particular a three-wheel or four-wheel pedelec or a rickshaw, in particular with or without a roof, or a cabin scooter.

The braking device comprises a braking unit. The brake unit has a housing. The housing is preferably arranged and / or can be arranged on the vehicle in a stationary and / or rotationally fixed manner. The housing is preferably arranged coaxially to a wheel axle of the vehicle. In particular, the wheel axle penetrates the housing.

For this purpose, the housing has, for example, a through opening for receiving the wheel axle.

The brake unit has a hydraulic device for generating a hydraulic force. The hydraulic device preferably has an annular space and an annular piston, the annular piston being arranged in the annular space. In particular, a hydraulic fluid for actuating the annular piston is arranged in the annular space. In particular, the annular space forms a cylinder of the hydraulic device.

The braking unit has a first, preferably stationary, braking partner. The first brake partner is designed, for example, as a brake body device. The brake body device preferably has a brake disk, optionally with a braking surface. In particular, the brake body device carries the brake disk. The braking surface is designed, for example, as a continuous circular ring. It can be designed to be uninterrupted or largely uninterrupted. Optionally, the braking surface can be perforated by ventilation holes, fastening holes or the like.

The braking device comprises a second, preferably rotating, braking partner. The second braking partner is preferably arranged on the wheel side. For example, the second braking partner is a wheel rim. The second brake partner can alternatively be designed as a wheel-side brake lining. The wheel-side brake lining can preferably be connected and / or connected to the at least one wheel in a rotationally fixed manner. The wheel-side brake lining can be arranged on the wheel rim, for example.

The brake unit has a main axis, the main axis being understood as a constructive and / or imaginary auxiliary axis. The main axis is defined by the housing, in particular by the through opening or the wheel axle. As an alternative to this, the main axis is defined by the hydraulic device, in particular by the annular piston and / or by the annular space. Alternatively or in addition, the main axis is defined by the first braking partner, in particular by the brake body device, in particular by the braking surface. In particular, the braking surface is designed to run around the main axis.

The annular space is preferably firmly or positively connected to the housing. For example, the annulus is integrated in the housing. It is particularly preferred that the annular piston is in an operative connection with the first brake partner, in particular with the brake body device. For example, the annular piston is firmly or positively connected to the first brake body.

It is provided that the hydraulic device moves the first braking partner relative to the housing in an axial direction related to the main axis. The first braking partner is pressed against the second braking partner during and / or by the axial movement. The first braking partner and the second braking partner preferably contact one another and rub against one another due to the rotation of the wheel. During and / or by pressing and / or rubbing, a braking force is generated. In particular, the braking force is transmitted from the first, in particular stationary, braking partner to the second, in particular rotating, braking partner. For example, the brake body device with the brake disc is pressed against the wheel rim and / or the wheel-side brake lining in order to generate and transmit the braking force.

In a possible structural embodiment of the invention, the brake body device has a force distribution plate. The force distribution plate is preferably operatively connected to the hydraulic device. In particular, the force distribution plate is connected to the hydraulic device, in particular to the annular piston, via a securing ring, in order to introduce the braking force from the hydraulic device into the brake body device.

The brake unit comprises a reset device which is designed to reset the first braking partner, in particular the brake body device, along an axially opposite return stroke. The return device can be designed, for example, as a return spring. As soon as a hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic device decreases, the first brake partner, in particular the brake body device, can be reset along the axial return stroke by a spring force of the return spring. For example, the restoring device, in particular the restoring spring, is supported on one side on the housing and on the other side on the first braking partner, in particular on the brake body device.

When the first brake partner is pressed against the second brake partner, the first brake partner and / or the second brake partner is / are subject to wear, so that the first brake partner and / or the second brake partner has / have a degree of wear, in particular after the braking device has been started up. The wear and / or degree of wear is z. B. formed and / or caused by friction-related removal of material on the first braking partner and / or on the second braking partner. For example, the brake disc, the braking surface and / or the wheel rim or the wheel-side brake lining are subject to wear when pressed, so that the brake disc, the braking surface and / or the wheel rim or the wheel-side brake lining has / have the degree of wear.

According to the invention, the brake unit comprises an adjustment device which is designed to adjust for wear. Within the scope of the wear adjustment, the axial stroke path and the axial return stroke path are automatically adapted and / or adaptable to the degree of wear of the first braking partner and / or the second braking partner by means of the adjusting device.

By providing the adjusting device, an open hydraulic system can be used in the braking device. Manual readjustment, as is necessary with closed hydraulic systems, can be dispensed with. The adjusting device advantageously ensures that the first braking partner covers the axial stroke even with increased wear, the axial stroke ensuring that the first braking partner is pressed sufficiently firmly against the second braking partner to generate and transmit the braking force . In particular, the adjusting device ensures that the brake body device covers the axial stroke path even with an increased degree of wear of the brake disc, the braking surface and / or the wheel rim or the wheel-side brake lining, so that the braking surface of the brake disc is pressed sufficiently firmly against the wheel rim and / or against the wheel-side brake lining to generate and transmit the braking force. Furthermore, it can be achieved by the adjustment device that the return stroke is only selected as large as necessary in order to move the first braking partner away from the second braking partner.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjustment device has a fastening device, the fastening device comprising a head and optionally additionally a shaft. The fastening device, in particular the shaft of the fastening device, is preferably arranged and / or can be arranged in a receptacle provided for this purpose in the brake body device.

For example, the fastening device is designed as a screw, the head as a screw head and the shaft as a screw shaft. The receptacle for the fastening device designed as a screw is, for example, a hole with a thread. The fastening device can, however, also be a rivet with a rivet head and with a rivet shank or the like. In this case, the receptacle can alternatively be introduced into the brake body device when the rivet is riveted.

The adjusting device optionally additionally comprises a sleeve. For example, the sleeve is designed to be rotationally symmetrical, in particular cylindrical, in particular as a straight hollow cylinder. The sleeve preferably has an at least partially circumferential collar on its inner circumference. In particular, the sleeve comprises hook elements which are arranged at one end of the sleeve and / or protrude radially from the sleeve. For example, four hook elements are provided, which are arranged at a distance from one another and coaxially to an axis of symmetry of the sleeve at the end of the sleeve. It is particularly preferred that the hook elements have a step geometry lying radially on the outside with several steps.

One possible structural implementation of the invention provides that the brake body device has a brake base body. The basic brake body preferably comprises an axle section which is arranged, for example, eccentrically with respect to the main axis. For example, the axis section is designed to be rotationally symmetrical, in particular having an axis of symmetry directed in the same direction and / or parallel to the main axis. The brake base body can be manufactured, for example, by means of die-cast aluminum. It is particularly preferably provided that the axle section is formed in one piece by the brake base body. The axle section is thus formed by a section of the die-cast aluminum and can thus be manufactured inexpensively.

The receptacle for the fastening device of the adjusting device is preferably introduced into the axle section. In particular, the receptacle runs coaxially to the axis of symmetry, with an opening of the receptacle facing the brake disc and the wheel-side brake lining. The axle section has an outer circumference, the outer circumference preferably having a circumferential shoulder. In particular, the axis section and / or the outer circumference between the shoulder and the opening of the receptacle is tapered. It is preferred that the fastening device is arranged and / or received in the receptacle, in particular screwed into the bore as a screw. In particular, the head protrudes with an edge region over the tapered outer circumference of the axle section.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the sleeve is placed on the axle section. The collar running around the inner circumference of the sleeve preferably rests on the circumferential shoulder on the outer circumference of the axle section.

A preferred implementation of the invention provides that an underside of the edge region and an upper side of the collar are arranged at a distance from one another. The distance preferably gives the axial stroke that the first braking partner has to cover so that the braking force is generated and transmitted by pressing the first braking partner against the second braking partner. In particular, the spacing specifies the axial stroke that the brake body device must cover so that the braking force is generated and transmitted by pressing the brake disc against the wheel rim and / or the wheel-side brake lining. Preferably, the sleeve seated on the axle section of the basic brake body is moved together with the brake body device along the axial stroke path and / or along the axial return stroke path, in particular when the hydraulic pressure is built up and exerted in the hydraulic device and / or this is actuated. Optionally in addition, the distance specifies the axial return stroke that is required to release the first braking partner from the second braking partner and thereby interrupt or end the braking force generation and braking force transmission.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the underside of the edge region of the head forms an end stop for the collar of the sleeve, in particular when moving along the axial stroke path. This is the axial Stroke limited and defined in such a way that the braking force can be safely transferred to the second braking partner by pressing the first braking partner. Optionally in addition or as an alternative, an upper side of the shoulder on the outer circumference of the axle section forms an end stop for the collar of the sleeve, in particular when moving along the axial return stroke. As a result, the axial return stroke is limited and defined in such a way that the first braking partner is arranged sufficiently far away and / or not further than required from the second braking partner in order to end the generation and transmission of braking force.

In a possible structural implementation of the invention, the housing comprises a housing base body with a guide section. The housing base body can be manufactured, for example, by means of die-cast aluminum. It is particularly preferably provided that the guide section is formed in one piece by the housing base body. The guide section is thus formed by a section of the die-cast aluminum and can thus be manufactured inexpensively.

The axial section of the brake base body is preferably arranged coaxially in the guide section. It is preferred within the scope of the invention that the hook elements of the sleeve are hooked into the guide section with one of the steps, in particular when the sleeve is seated on the axle section. Depending on the step with which the hook elements are hooked in the guide section, the distance between the underside of the edge region of the head and the upper side of the collar can be dimensioned differently. In particular, the distance is set and / or defined as a function of the hooked-in step of the hook elements.

The axial stroke path required to transmit the braking force can increase as the degree of wear of the first braking partner increases, in particular due to a friction-related decrease in material thickness. The sleeve is preferably moved together with the axle section of the brake base body along the enlarged stroke path. As a result, the sleeve can be shifted further in the axial direction, so that the step originally hooked into the guide section is also shifted. In particular, the sleeve hooks into the guide section with a different step. As a result, the distance between the underside of the edge region of the head and the upper side of the collar can be reduced. This advantageously means that the axial stroke is adapted to the degree of wear and the braking force can be reliably generated and transmitted despite the wear. Furthermore, the axial return stroke in particular is adapted to the degree of wear in that it is limited by the end stop formed by the shoulder. It is advantageous that the first braking partner is thereby only moved along the axial return stroke that is necessary for ending and / or suspending the generation and transmission of braking force.

In a preferred structural embodiment of the invention, the basic brake body comprises at least two or exactly two axle sections, in particular a first and a second axle section. It is also possible for a third axle section to be provided. In addition, within the scope of the invention, the housing base body can have at least two or precisely two guide sections, in particular a first and a second guide section. It is also possible for a third guide section to be provided. Optionally in addition, the braking unit can comprise at least two or exactly two, in particular a first and second resetting device, the first resetting device being assigned to the first axle section and the second resetting device being assigned to the second axle section. It is also possible for a third resetting device to be provided, which is assigned in particular to the third axle section.

In one possible implementation of the invention, the brake unit comprises at least two or exactly two adjustment devices, in particular a first adjustment device and a second adjustment device. The first adjustment device preferably has a first fastening device and a first sleeve, wherein the first fastening device can be screwed and / or screwed into a first receptacle in the first axle section. The second adjustment device preferably has a second fastening device and a second sleeve, the second fastening device being screwable and / or screwed into a second receptacle in the second axle section. The respective steps of the hook elements of the first sleeve are preferably hooked into the first guide section. In particular, the respective steps of the hook elements of the second sleeve are hooked into the second guide section.

In a preferred implementation of the invention, the brake unit has at least one guide device which guides the brake body device during movement along the axial stroke path and return stroke path in the radial direction, in particular to the main axis. The at least one guide device is preferably designed as a rotationally symmetrical component. When the braking force is transmitted from the first, in particular stationary, braking partner to the second, in particular rotating, braking partner, the first braking partner, in particular the Brake body device, in addition to axial forces, for example in addition to braking forces or corresponding counterforces, torques are introduced about the main axis. The at least one guide device can prevent tilting between the brake body device and the housing, for example.

The at least one guide device preferably has radial play. On the one hand, this can be measured locally in the guide device or, in particular, in the case of a rotationally symmetrical design, it can be measured locally in every direction with respect to the guide device. As an alternative or in addition, the radial play can be measured in the direction of rotation around the main axis. The torque in the direction of rotation can thus be absorbed by the at least one guide device. In particular, the torque can be safely derived.

For example, at least two or exactly two guide devices, in particular a first guide device and a second guide device, are provided. The guide devices are preferably arranged eccentrically to the main axis. In particular, these are not placed coaxially but offset from the main axis.

It is preferred within the scope of the invention that the first axle section of the brake base body and the first guide section of the housing base body are components of the first guide device and / or form these. Optionally in addition, the second axle section of the brake base body and the second guide section of the housing base body are components of the second guide device and / or form these.

It is particularly preferred that the first sleeve placed on the first axle section has a guiding function, the first sleeve providing a first guide surface between the first axle section and the first guide section. Alternatively or in addition, the second sleeve placed on the second axle section has a guiding function, the second sleeve providing a second guide surface between the second axle section and the second guide section.

Braking heat is generated by the friction when the brake disc and / or the braking surface are pressed against the wheel-side brake lining. The braking heat can reach the hydraulic device and / or the housing, in particular to neuralgic contact points between the two, via a heat path. For example, the heat path extends from the brake body device and the force distribution plate to the hydraulic device and to the housing. In particular, the brake body device is a component that emits braking heat and the force distribution plate is a component of the braking device that transfers braking heat. One possible consideration of the invention is to protect the heat-sensitive components of the brake unit, in particular the annular piston and the hydraulic fluid received in the annular space, from the brake heat.

It is particularly preferred within the scope of the invention that the first sleeve placed on the first axle section and / or that the second sleeve placed on the second axle section has an insulating function. For this purpose, the first and / or the second sleeve can be formed from a material that has a low thermal conductivity. For example, the material is a suitable plastic material, for example a thermoset. An interruption of the heat path can thus be achieved in a simple and inexpensive manner. In particular, the annular piston and the hydraulic fluid can be shielded from the braking heat by the first and / or second sleeve. In particular, the risk of overheating and damage or operational failures of the brake unit caused by the overheating can be avoided.

By using the two sleeves, in addition to the wear adjustment function, the guiding function and the insulating function can also be combined and / or exercised in an advantageous manner.

A further object of the invention is a vehicle with the braking device according to the previous description and / or according to one of claims 1 to 8. According to the invention, the vehicle is designed as an electric scooter or as an electric scooter. It is particularly preferred that the vehicle has an electric motor, the electric motor being arranged in the at least one wheel, forming the wheel and / or being designed as a hub motor.

A method for wear readjustment with the readjustment device of the braking device according to the previous description and / or according to one of claims 1 to 8 forms a further subject matter of the invention. In the context of the invention, the axial stroke path and the axial return stroke path are automatically adapted to the degree of wear of the first braking partner and / or the second braking partner.

Preferably, as the degree of wear of the first braking partner increases, the sleeve seated on the axle section is moved together with the latter along the axial stroke path, so that it previously hooked into the guide section Step is unhooked and so that, in particular when a position is reached in which the braking force can be generated and transmitted safely and effectively, another step is hooked into the guide section. This reduces the distance between the underside of the edge region of the head and the upper side of the collar of the sleeve. The reduction in the distance goes hand in hand in particular with the automatic adjustment of the axial stroke path and the axial return stroke path. Manual adjustment is therefore not necessary.

• 1 eine dreidimensionale Darstellung eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Bremsvorrichtung, wobei die Bremsvorrichtung eine Bremseinheit umfasst;
• 2 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Bremseinheit aus der 1 mit einer Vergrößerung einer Nachstellvorrichtung;
• 3a, b eine perspektivische Ansicht und eine seitliche Draufsicht auf eine Hülse der Nachstellvorrichtung aus der 3.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention. Show:

• 1 a three-dimensional representation of a vehicle with a braking device, wherein the braking device comprises a braking unit;
• 2 a schematic sectional view of the brake unit from FIG 1 with an enlargement of an adjusting device;
• 3a, b a perspective view and a side plan view of a sleeve of the adjusting device from FIG 3 .

Corresponding or identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

1 shows a vehicle in a three-dimensional representation 1 , the vehicle 1 is designed as an electric scooter, electric scooter or electric scooter, also known as a so-called e-scooter. The vehicle 1 has a wheel module 2 with a wheel 3 on which is a front wheel of the vehicle 1 forms. The wheel module 2 is used in particular to drive the vehicle electrically 1 . In addition, the vehicle has 1 a rear wheel, especially a non-powered rear wheel 4th on which on a vehicle frame 5 of the vehicle 1 is rotatably mounted.

The vehicle 1 has a wheel fork 6th on, with the wheel module 2 in the wheel fork 6th is rotatably mounted. The wheel fork 6th is about a handlebar 7th pivotable with the frame 5 connected so that the wheel module 2 to steer the vehicle 1 over the handlebars 7th can be pivoted.

The wheel 3 of the wheel module 2 has a wheel rim 8th and a tire 9 on, with the tire 9 on the wheel rim 8th is arranged. For example, the wheel rim 8th designed as a steel, aluminum or plastic rim. For example, the tire is 9 designed as an air-filled rubber tire.

The wheel module 3 has a wheel axle 10 on, which has a main axis with its longitudinal axis H Are defined. The wheel 3 is coaxial with the wheel axis with its axis of rotation 10 arranged. The wheel axle 10 is on the wheel fork 6th set with the wheel rim 8th Rotatable on the wheel axle via two bearing devices, e.g. roller bearings 10 is stored.

To drive the wheel 3 assigns the wheel module 2 one in the wheel rim 8th integrated drive device 11 , for example an electric motor. The drive device 11 has a rotationally fixed to the wheel axle 10 connected stator, which in the axial direction with respect to the main axis H is arranged between the two storage facilities. In addition, the drive device 12th one rotatably with the wheel rim 8th connected rotor. In a driving mode of the vehicle 1 becomes the wheel rim 8th by the drive device 11 driven, with the wheel 3 around the main axis H rotates.

The wheel module 2 has a braking device 12th which is used to transmit a braking torque to the wheel 3 serves. The braking device 12th is designed as a friction brake and on one side of the wheel rim 8th arranged and / or with the wheel rim 8th effectively connected.

The braking device 12th has a braking unit 14th on, the braking unit 14th a brake body device 23 with a brake disc 13th ( 2 ) as a first braking partner 40 includes. The braking device 12th has an annular, in particular the main axis H circumferential, wheel-side brake pad as a second braking partner 41 on.

The brake pad and the brake disc 13th are with respect to the main axis H arranged coaxially to one another. The brake pad is in relation to the main axis H on an axial end face of the wheel rim 8th non-rotatably mounted so that the brake lining through the wheel rim when driving 8th is taken and around the main axis H rotates. The brake disc 13th is in an axial direction AR towards the brake lining and in an axially opposite direction GR movable away from the brake pad. In the direction of rotation around the main axis H is the brake disc 13th non-rotatably with the wheel axle 10 or the wheel fork 6th coupled. Thus, the wheel-side brake pad forms a rotating braking partner and the brake disc a stationary braking partner of the braking device 12th .

In an actuated state of the braking device 12th becomes the brake disc 13th with the braking surface pressed against the wheel-side brake lining, so that a frictional connection is formed. A braking force is generated by friction, by means of which the rotating wheel 3 between the brake disc 13th and the wheel-side brake pad is braked. During the pressing process, the brake disc, the braking surface and / or the wheel-side brake lining are subject to a Wear. Thus, the brake disc exhibit 13th , the braking surface and / or the wheel-side brake lining, at least after a first braking of the wheel 3 , a degree of wear.

The 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the brake unit 14th the braking device 12th from the 1 . The braking unit 14th forms the fork-fixed part of the braking device 12th , in particular carries the brake unit 14th the brake disc 13th and moves it in the axial direction AR and in the opposite direction GR .

The braking unit 14th has a housing 15th on, with the housing 15th coaxial with the main axis H arranged and non-rotatably on the wheel fork 6th ( 1 ) is arranged. The braking unit 14th has a hydraulic device 16 on, the hydraulic device 16 in the case 15th arranged, in particular is integrated in this.

The hydraulic device 16 has a connector 17th on, through which it can be subjected to hydraulic pressure. The connection 17th is with an annulus 18th fluidically connected as a pressure chamber, the annular space 18th a cylinder of the hydraulic device 16 forms. The annulus 18th is coaxial with the major axis H arranged. In the annulus 18th are a hydraulic fluid and an annular piston 19th arranged. The annular piston 19th is in the axial direction AR designed in two parts. The annular piston 19th can in the annulus 18th as a cylinder hydraulically in the axial direction AR and in the opposite axial direction GR be moved. In particular, the annular piston leads 19th an axial stroke movement B. and an axial return stroke movement R. out.

The case 15th has a receiving portion 20th to accommodate the wheel axle 10 on, the receiving portion 20th an inner wall of the annulus 18th forms. Furthermore, the housing 15th an outside wall 21 on, with the outer wall 21 the annulus 18th limited radially outside. The receiving section 20th as well as the outer wall 21 are as a one-piece housing body 22nd educated.

The braking unit 14th has a brake body device 23 on, the brake body device 23 the brake disc 13th carries and together with this in the axial direction AR or in the opposite axial direction GR can be moved. To do this, the hydraulic device moves 16 the brake body device 23 relative to the housing 15th along one on the main axis H related axially directed stroke S1 .

The brake body device 23 has a force distribution plate 24 on, this being designed as a pot with a collar for reasons of stability. The force distribution plate is located in a radial inner area 24 on the ring piston 19th up so that the force distribution plate 24 with an axial stroke movement B. of the annular piston 19th is carried.

The brake body device 23 has a brake body 25th on, the brake body 25th the brake disc 13th wearing. The brake body 25th is about a locking ring 26th with the force distribution plate 24 connected so that the brake body 25th and with it the brake disc 13th during the axial stroke movement B. of the annular piston 19th along the axial stroke S1 be moved.

The brake body 25th has a rotationally symmetrical axis section 30th on. The intercept 30th is in one piece from the brake body 25th shaped and on the main axis H arranged off-center. On a radial inside of the axle section 30th is a recording 32 brought in. The recording 32 is for example a hole with a thread. The axle section has on its outer circumference 30th a paragraph 38 on, through which the outer circumference and / or the axis section 30th between an opening of the receptacle 32 and the paragraph 38 is tapered. As a transition between the paragraph 38 and a tapered area of the axle section 30th a bevel is provided.

The housing body 22nd includes a guide section 31 , the guide section 31 in one piece from the housing body 22nd is formed. The guide section 31 takes the intercept 30th in itself. In particular, the guide section 31 coaxial and concentric with the axle section 30th arranged.

The braking unit 14th has a reset device 33 on, the reset device 32 is designed as a compression spring. This is coaxial with the axle section 30th arranged. When the brake disc moves 13th and thus the axis section 30th along the axial stroke S1 the compression spring is compressed. The brake disc 13th and thus also the axis section 30th are along the axial return stroke S2 reset by the spring force of the compression spring when the ring piston 19th hydraulic pressure exerted decreases.

In principle, one, two or three axially identical sections, guide sections and resetting devices can be installed in the brake unit 14th be provided.

The braking unit 14th has an adjustment device 27 on. The adjusting device 27 is for wear readjustment through independent adjustment of the axial stroke S1 and / or the axial return stroke S2 educated. The Adjusting device 27 comprises a fastening device 28 with a head 29 and with a shaft. The fastening device 28 is designed as a screw and the head 29 than a screw head. The adjusting device 27 also includes one in the 3a in a perspective top view and in the 3b Sleeve shown in a side plan view 34 .

The sleeve 34 is cylindrical. On an inner circumference of the sleeve 34 is a circumferential collar 35 arranged. The sleeve 34 has several, for example four hook elements 39 which are arranged one after the other and consisted of one another and at the end of the sleeve 34 stand out in the radial direction. Each of the hook elements 39 has one on an outside of the hook elements 39 arranged step geometry 37 with several levels.

The fastening device 28 is according to the 2 with its shaft in the receptacle 32 in the intercept 30th screwed in. The head 29 lies on the tapered area of the axle section 30th and protrudes with an edge area 36 Of the head 29 over the intercept 30th radially out.

The sleeve 34 is so on the intercept 30th put on that it surrounds it radially and that an underside of the collar 35 on the heel 38 of the intercept 30th rests. One level each of the step geometry 37 the hook elements 39 engages in the axle section 30th surrounding guide section 31 and / or is hooked into this. Between a top of the covenant 35 the sleeve 34 and the edge area 36 Of the head 29 is a distance A. arranged. The size of the gap A. is of the respectively hooked level of the step geometry 37 the hook elements 26th dependent.

The sleeve 34 is during the lifting movement B. and return stroke movement R. of the annular piston 19th together with the axis section 30th in the axial direction AR moveable. In particular, it is common to the axle section 30th relative to the guide section 31 along the axial stroke S1 and the return stroke S2 moveable. The bottom of the border area 36 forms an end stop for the federal government 35 the sleeve 34 when moving along the axial stroke path S1 . Paragraph 38 forms an end stop for the federal government 35 the sleeve 34 when moving along the axial return stroke S2 .

The distance A. between the bottom of the border area 36 and the federal government 35 thus defines the one for the sleeve 34 and the intercept 30th possible stroke S1 , when it is moved back the braking surface of the brake disc 13th is pressed against the wheel-side brake lining to generate the braking force. The distance A. also sets the maximum possible return stroke S2 firmly.

With increasing wear of the brake disc 13th , the braking surface and / or the wheel-side brake lining, in particular with increasing material removal from these, the stroke distance necessary to generate the braking force increases S1 . In particular, the brake disc must 13th and thus the brake body 25th with the intercept 30th and the pod sitting on it 34 further and longer in the axial direction AR be moved in order to achieve the frictional connection between the braking surface and the wheel-side brake lining. This means that the necessary stroke S1 extended and thus also the return stroke S2 in a corresponding manner.

Becomes the intercept 30th with the sleeve 34 further and longer along the stroke path due to the increased degree of wear S1 moved in order to achieve the frictional engagement, the previous stage is unhooked and instead another stage of the stage geometry 37 each hook element 39 in the guide section 31 a. The sleeve 34 is thereby in the axial direction AR further ahead, especially to the brake disc 13th positioned there. As a result, the distance is reduced A. between the bottom of the border area 36 Of the head 29 and the federal government 35 so that also the travel S1 and the return stroke S2 can be adjusted accordingly independently. The stroke path S1 is automatically dimensioned in such a way that the frictional connection can be reliably formed when it is moved back. The return stroke S2 is dimensioned so that the brake disc 13th to end the frictional connection is released from the wheel-side brake lining and not further than necessary in the opposite axial direction AR must be moved.

The sleeve 34 thus has an adjustment function for independent wear adjustment. It also has a guiding function by providing a guiding surface between the sliding section 31 and the intercept 30th forms in the axial movement. Torques introduced around the main axis during the braking process H can thus from the brake disc 13th via the brake body 25th with the intercept 30th in the housing 15th with the sliding section 31 be initiated. In addition, the sleeve 34 be formed from an insulating material, for example from a thermosetting plastic. As a result, a heat path that conducts brake heat can be interrupted, so that heat-sensitive components such as the ring piston 19th and the fluid in the annulus 18th can be protected from braking heat.

In principle, one, two or three adjusting devices can be provided within the scope of the invention.

List of reference symbols

1

vehicle

2

Wheel module

3

wheel

4th

Rear wheel

5

Vehicle frame

6th

Wheel fork

7th

Handlebars

8th

Wheel rim

9

tires

10

Wheel axle

11

Drive device

12th

Braking device

13th

Brake disc

14th

Braking unit

15th

casing

16

Hydraulic equipment

17th

connection

18th

Annulus

19th

Ring piston

20th

Receiving section

21

Outer wall

22nd

Housing body

23

Brake body device

24

Force distribution plate

25th

Brake body

26th

Circlip

27

Adjusting device

28

Fastening device

29

head

30th

Intercept

31

Guide section

32

admission

33

Reset device

34

Sleeve

35

Federation

36

Edge area

37

Step geometry

38

paragraph

39

Hook elements

40

first braking partner

41

second braking partner

A.

distance

AR

axial direction

B.

Lifting movement

GR

axial opposite direction

H

Main axis

R.

Return stroke movement

S1

Stroke

S2

Return stroke

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 20016878 U1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Braking device (12) for a vehicle (1), the vehicle (1) having at least one wheel (3), the braking device (12) comprising a brake unit (14), the brake unit (14) having a first braking partner (40) , a housing (15) and a hydraulic device (16), the first braking partner (40), the housing (15) and / or the hydraulic device (16) defining a main axis (H), the braking device (12) having a second Brake partner (41), wherein the hydraulic device (16) moves the first brake partner (40) relative to the housing (15) along an axially directed (AR) stroke path (S1) in relation to the main axis (H) in order to bring it to the second To press brake partner (41) and to generate a braking force, wherein the brake unit (14) comprises a reset device (33) for resetting the first brake partner (40) along an axially opposite (GR) return stroke (S2), the first brake partner ( 40) and / or the second braking partner (41) is subject to wear during pressing, so that the first brake partner (40) and / or the second brake partner (41) have a degree of wear, characterized in that the brake unit (14) comprises an adjusting device (27) for adjusting wear, the The axial stroke path (S1) and the axial return stroke path (S2) are independently and / or can be adapted to the degree of wear of the first braking partner (40) and / or the second braking partner (41) by means of the adjusting device (27). Braking device (12) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the adjusting device (27) has a fastening device (28), wherein the fastening device (28) comprises a head (29) and / or that the adjusting device (27) has a sleeve (34), the sleeve (34 ) has a circumferential collar (35) on its inner circumference and / or wherein the sleeve (34) has hook elements (39) arranged at the end and protruding radially from the sleeve (34), the hook elements (39) having a radially outer step geometry (37) with several stages. Braking device (12) after Claim 2 , characterized in that the second brake partner (41) is a wheel rim (8) and / or a wheel-side brake pad and / or that the first brake partner (40) is a brake body device (23) with a brake base body (25), the brake base body ( 25) comprises a rotationally symmetrical axis section (30), wherein a receptacle (32) for the fastening device (28) is introduced and / or can be introduced into the axis section (30), wherein the axis section (30) has an outer circumference with a circumferential shoulder (38) having, wherein the outer circumference between the shoulder (29) and an opening of the receptacle (32) is tapered. Braking device (12) after Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the sleeve (34) is placed on the axle section (30) and that the collar (35) rests on the shoulder (38). Braking device (12) after Claim 3 or 4th , characterized in that the fastening device (28) is arranged in the receptacle (32), the head (29) protruding with an edge region (36) over the tapered outer circumference of the axle section (30), an underside of the edge region (36) and an upper side of the collar (35) are arranged at a distance (A) from one another, the distance (A) specifying and / or defining the axial stroke path (S1) and / or the axial return stroke path (S2) of the brake body device (23). Braking device (12) after Claim 5 , characterized in that the sleeve (34) is moved together with the axle section (30) along the axial stroke path (S1) and / or the axial return stroke path (S2), the underside of the edge region (36) of the head (29) being a End stop for the collar (35) of the sleeve (34) during movement along the axial stroke path (S1) and / or wherein the shoulder (38) on the outer circumference of the axle section (30) forms an end stop for the collar (35) of the sleeve (34) forms when moving along the axial return stroke (S2). Braking device (12) according to one of the Claims 2 to 6th , characterized in that the housing (15) comprises a housing base body (22) with a guide section (31), the axis section (30) being arranged coaxially in the guide section (31), the hook elements (39) of the sleeve (34) are hooked into the guide section (31) with one of the steps, the distance (A) being determined as a function of the respectively hooked step. Braking device (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stroke (S1) increases with increasing degree of wear and that the sleeve (34) is moved together with the axle section (30) along the increased stroke (S1), so that the Sleeve (34) hooks with another step in the guide section (31) and so that the distance (A) is reduced. Vehicle (1) with the braking device (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the vehicle (1) is designed as an electric scooter or as an electric scooter. Method for wear readjustment with the readjusting device (27) of the braking device (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial stroke path (S1) and the axial return stroke path (S2) to the degree of wear of the first braking partner (40) and / or the second braking partner (41) is adapted automatically.

Images