DE102019121382A1 - Exhaust treatment device and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

An exhaust gas treatment device for a motor vehicle has a housing (14) which delimits an exhaust gas duct (13) through which the exhaust gas flows, an electrical heating device (12) which extends transversely through the exhaust gas duct (13) and through which exhaust gas flows and which a heating component (20) formed by one or more current-carrying lines and a support structure, the heating component (20) being attached to the support structure, and wherein the support structure has a metallic support frame (24) surrounding the heating device (12) on the outside. At least one support element (38) is arranged on the support frame (24) and extends radially into an inner region of the support frame (24), the heating component (20) being held by the support element (38) and / or by the support element (38) ) is electrically contacted.

Description

The invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device for a motor vehicle, with a housing which delimits an exhaust gas duct through which the exhaust gas flows, an electrical heating device which extends transversely through the exhaust gas duct and is traversed by exhaust gas and which is formed by one or more current-carrying lines Comprises heating component and a support structure, wherein the heating component is attached to the support structure, and wherein the support structure has a metallic support frame surrounding the heating device on the outside. The invention also relates to a vehicle with an exhaust gas treatment device.

In order to limit the pollutant emissions from motor vehicle internal combustion engines, it is known to use exhaust gas cleaning devices, such as, for example, catalytic converters, particle filters or the like, for exhaust gas cleaning.

In order to ensure a catalytically supported conversion of the pollutants, the exhaust gas or the exhaust gas cleaning device must have a specified minimum temperature. Such a minimum temperature is often not yet reached, particularly after a cold start or restart of the internal combustion engine.

In exhaust gas treatment devices of the generic type, the exhaust gas cleaning device itself is therefore electrically heated in order to reach or maintain the predetermined minimum temperature.

Alternatively, separate heating devices are used which are assigned to the exhaust gas cleaning device. In these heating devices, electrodes take over the power supply and additionally provided fastening means take over the fastening.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, reliable and separate heating device for an exhaust gas treatment device.

The object is achieved according to the invention in an exhaust gas treatment device of the type mentioned in that at least one support element is arranged on the support frame, which extends radially into an inner region of the support frame, the heating component being held by the support element and / or electrically contacted by the support element . Since the support element extends radially into an inner region of the support frame and holds the heating component, deformation of the heating device can be reduced or avoided. Furthermore, when the heating component is electrically contacted by the carrier element, the contacting area is enlarged, as a result of which the current transmission to the heating component is improved and the heating of the heating device is standardized over the flow cross-section.

Optionally, the support structure, in particular the support frame, is molded onto the heating component, so that the support structure, in particular the support frame, and the heating component merge into one another in one piece. This allows individual parts to be saved and assembly to be made easier.

The carrier element can also be formed by another component in the exhaust gas treatment device, for example by an exhaust gas cleaning device.

In particular, the heating component is held by the support frame and / or electrically contacted by the support frame. The support frame stabilizes the heating component and serves to fasten the heating device to the housing of the exhaust gas duct, the exhaust gas treatment device or the exhaust gas cleaning device. An electrically conductive support frame, which makes electrical contact with the heating component, enables a circumferentially closed current introduction or discharge, whereby the heating of the heating device is standardized over the flow cross-section. In addition, the heating component can be contacted over a larger area, which increases the reliability of the contact and improves the flow of current in the heating component.

For example, the housing represents a common housing for an exhaust gas cleaning device and for the heating device.

Alternatively, the heating device and the exhaust gas cleaning device can each have a separate housing.

The heating device is preferably arranged upstream of the exhaust gas cleaning device in the exhaust gas flow direction.

It can be provided that several spoke-like support elements are fastened to the support frame and extend into a center of the support frame, a connecting element to which the support elements are attached being arranged in the center. The spoke-like carrier elements can further increase the stability of the heating component and further enlarge the contact area.

For example, the connecting element can serve as an electrical connection between the support structure and the heating component, the Heating component is electrically contacted via the connecting element. The heating of the heating device can be standardized across the flow cross-section through a central current introduction or discharge achieved in this way.

In particular, the support elements are electrically coupled via the support frame and / or via the connecting element. As a result, the contact area can be enlarged and the electrical contacting of the heating component can be standardized.

In one embodiment, the heating component is electrically contacted directly by electrodes and / or via the carrier structure by electrodes. The stability of the heating component can be increased further by making electrical contact with the heating component using electrodes. For example, an electrode can extend into a central area of the heating device and be mechanically and electrically connected to the heating component there, whereby deformation of the heating device is reduced or avoided. An electrically conductive support structure, which makes electrical contact with the heating component, enables a circumferentially closed current introduction or discharge, whereby the heating of the heating device is standardized over the flow cross-section. In addition, the heating component can be contacted over a larger area, which increases the reliability of the contact and improves the flow of current in the heating component.

A further embodiment provides that the current-carrying lines between the electrodes extend at least partially in the radial direction, in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction of the heating device. Thus, different line or heating wire patterns can be formed, whereby the flow cross-section in the area of the heating device can be heated reliably and efficiently.

According to one aspect, the electrodes are held on the housing or in each case by a fastening sleeve attached to an outside or inside of the housing and are electrically coupled to the heating component and / or the support structure. The electrodes are easily accessible because they are attached to the housing. In addition, the attachment on the housing side is easy to implement. The respective electrode is isolated from the outside by the fastening sleeve, so that interactions between the electrode and, for example, the housing are avoided.

Alternatively, one of the electrodes is electrically coupled to the heating component and the other of the electrodes is electrically coupled to the support structure. For example, one electrode can extend into a central area of the heating device and be electrically coupled there to the heating component, and the other electrode can be electrically coupled to the carrier structure. As a result, a uniform current flow through the heating component can be achieved over the flow cross-section.

In particular, at least one of the electrodes is received in the fastening sleeve with a force fit and / or a form fit. In this way, a reliable and secure attachment can be achieved, preferably without the use of cohesive means or methods, such as. B. gluing or welding.

For example, the at least one electrode is clamped in the fastening sleeve.

Optionally, the heating component can be fastened directly to another component in the exhaust gas treatment device, for example on an exhaust gas cleaning device, and in particular encircle and clamp it.

Another aspect provides that the support frame is attached directly to the housing. This eliminates the need for additional fasteners, which means that the component cost can be reduced. In this case, the support frame should not be electrically conductive or at least insulated from the electrically contacted heating component in order to avoid interactions with the housing.

For example, the support frame is welded to the housing.

Alternatively, the support frame is fastened to the housing via at least one fastening element and / or at least one electrode. A gap can thus be formed between the heating device and the housing, as a result of which interactions between the support structure or the support frame and the housing can be avoided. Interactions between the support structure or the support frame and the housing can also be avoided by the fastening elements, which can likewise be accommodated in insulated fastening sleeves. Here, the support frame can be electrically contacted.

In particular, the support structure has holding elements which at least in sections enclose part of the heating component and / or are latched to the heating component in the manner of a clamp. As a result, the heating component is reliably attached to the support structure and the stability of the heating component or the heating device is increased.

Holding elements are preferably provided on the carrier elements.

For example, the holding elements are insulators. As a result, the heating component can be electrically decoupled from the carrier structure.

Optionally, the holding elements can only be insulated in the areas of contact with the heating component. In this way, insulation material can be saved.

Another embodiment provides that the carrier structure comprises a first carrier element and a second carrier element, both of which are electrically conductive and thereby form electrode sections and are arranged one behind the other in the exhaust gas flow direction, and that a heating component in the form of a heating wire alternates from the first to the second carrier element and back runs. In this embodiment, the carrier elements are electrically conductive and are each contacted by at least one electrode. As a result, the contact area available for the heating component increases. In addition, the heating component is connected to the carrier elements (electrodes) at several points. Overall, the reliability of the contacting can thus be increased and the current flow in the heating component can be improved. Furthermore, the total length of the heating component is increased by the additional inclined course in the exhaust gas flow direction, which results in a better heating effect.

In particular, the first carrier element and the second carrier element have spokes extending from a central region of the heating device, the spokes of the first carrier element being offset in the circumferential direction to those of the second carrier element, seen in the exhaust gas flow direction. As a result, the carrier elements can be spaced further apart from one another in order to reduce interactions between the two carrier elements. The heating component or heating components thus run partly in the circumferential direction and partly in the axial direction from the front spoke to the rear spoke and vice versa.

The heating component preferably runs outwards in a spiral shape from a central area of the heating device and is alternately attached to the first carrier element and to the second carrier element. In this way, flat heating of the exhaust gas by the heating wire can be guaranteed with little material expenditure.

Alternatively, the heating component extends from the central region in a zigzag shape outwards between adjacent spokes of the first carrier element and the second carrier element, in particular the heating wire extends in a zigzag shape between all adjacent spokes. In this embodiment too, flat heating of the exhaust gas by the heating wire can be guaranteed with little material expenditure.

One heating wire can be used for each adjacent spoke. Here, a heating wire can be provided between all adjacent spokes or only between isolated adjacent spokes.

In a further embodiment, the heating component is an inherently rigid heating grid, with sections of the at least one current-carrying line crossing one another and lying against one another at the intersection in order to form the heating grid. Such a heating grid is easy to manufacture because it can be electrolytically machined or punched out of sheet metal, for example. Depending on the size of the openings, the exhaust gas flow resistance caused by the heating device and the heating intensity can be influenced. Such a heating grid can also be easily installed in the heating device or the exhaust gas treatment device.

In particular, the heating grid is held on the outside of the support frame, preferably in the edge area. This can increase the stability of the heating grid.

It can be provided that at least in sections an insulation layer is arranged between the heating component and the carrier structure, which layer also serves as a spacer. In this way, interactions between the heating component and the support structure can be reliably avoided.

For example, the insulation layer can be arranged over all of the end faces of the carrier structure which are opposite the heating component.

The object is also achieved by a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention.

The described advantages and properties of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention apply equally to the vehicle and vice versa.

• - 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlu ngseinrichtung,
• - 2 einen weiteren schematischen Längsschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlu ngseinrichtung,
• - 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung gemäß 1 oder 2,
• - 4 einen Längsschnitt der ersten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 3,
• - 5 a) einen Längsschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 3,
• - 5 b) eine Detailansicht eines Halteelements der zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 5 a),
• - 6 a) einen Längsschnitt einer dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 3,
• - 6 b) eine Detailansicht eines Halteelements der dritten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 6 a),
• - 7 a) einen Längsschnitt einer vierten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung gemäß 1 oder 2,
• - 7 b) eine Detailansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Halteelements der vierten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 7 a),
• - 7 c) eine Detailansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Halteelements der vierten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 7 a),
• - 7 d) eine Detailansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform eines Halteelements der vierten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 7 a),
• - 8 einen Längsschnitt einer fünften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung gemäß 1 oder 2,
• - 9 a) eine Draufsicht auf eine sechste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung gemäß 1 oder 2,
• - 9 b) einen Längsschnitt der sechsten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 9 a),
• - 10 eine Draufsicht auf eine siebte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung gemäß 1 oder 2,
• - 11 eine Draufsicht auf eine achte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung gemäß 1 oder 2,
• - 12 eine Detailansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 10 oder 11,
• - 13 a) und b) Detailansichten der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 10 oder 11, mit einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Verbindung einer Heizkomponente mit einer Trägerstruktur,
• - 14 a) und b) Detailansichten der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung gemäß 10 oder 11, mit einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Verbindung der Heizkomponente mit der Trägerstruktur,
• - 15 a) eine Detailansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Befestigung einer Elektrode in einer Befestigungshülse,
• - 15 b) eine Detailansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Befestigung der Elektrode in einer Befestigungshülse gemäß 15 a),
• - 15 c) einen Querschnitt der Befestigungshülse ohne eingesetzter Elektrode gemäß 15 a) oder 15 b),
• - 15 d) einen Querschnitt der Befestigungshülse gemäß 15 c) mit eingesetzter Elektrode gemäß 15 a) oder 15 b), und
• - 16 eine Draufsicht auf eine Befestigung einer Elektrode an einem Tragrahmen.

Further advantages and properties of the invention emerge from the following description and the drawings, to which reference is made. In the drawings show:

• - 1 a schematic longitudinal section of an exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention,
• - 2 a further schematic longitudinal section of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention,
• - 3 a plan view of a first embodiment of a heating device according to the invention of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention 1 or 2 ,
• - 4th a longitudinal section of the first embodiment of the heating device according to the invention according to 3 ,
• - 5 a) a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of the heating device according to the invention according to 3 ,
• - 5 b) a detailed view of a holding element of the second embodiment of the heating device according to the invention 5 a) ,
• - 6 a) a longitudinal section according to a third embodiment of the heating device according to the invention 3 ,
• - 6 b) a detailed view of a holding element of the third embodiment of the heating device according to the invention 6 a) ,
• - 7 a) a longitudinal section of a fourth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention 1 or 2 ,
• - 7 b) a detailed view of a first embodiment of a holding element according to the fourth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention 7 a) ,
• - 7 c) a detailed view of a second embodiment of a holding element according to the fourth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention 7 a) ,
• - 7 d) a detailed view of a third embodiment of a holding element according to the fourth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention 7 a) ,
• - 8th a longitudinal section of a fifth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention according to the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention 1 or 2 ,
• - 9 a) a plan view of a sixth embodiment of a heating device according to the invention of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention according to 1 or 2 ,
• - 9 b) a longitudinal section of the sixth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention according to 9 a) ,
• - 10 a plan view of a seventh embodiment of the heating device according to the invention of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention 1 or 2 ,
• - 11 a plan view of an eighth embodiment of the heating device according to the invention of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the invention according to 1 or 2 ,
• - 12 a detailed view of the heating device according to the invention 10 or 11 ,
• - 13 a) and b) detailed views of the heating device according to the invention according to FIG 10 or 11 , with a first embodiment of a connection of a heating component to a support structure,
• - 14 a) and b) detailed views of the heating device according to the invention according to FIG 10 or 11 , with a second embodiment of the connection of the heating component to the support structure,
• - 15 a) a detailed view of a first embodiment of a fastening of an electrode in a fastening sleeve,
• - 15 b) a detailed view of a second embodiment of the fastening of the electrode in a fastening sleeve according to FIG 15 a) ,
• - 15 c) a cross-section of the fastening sleeve without inserted electrode according to 15 a) or 15 b) ,
• - 15 d) a cross-section of the fastening sleeve according to 15 c) with inserted electrode according to 15 a) or 15 b) , and
• - 16 a plan view of an attachment of an electrode to a support frame.

In 1 and 2 are two exemplary embodiments of an exhaust gas treatment device 10 shown schematically in a longitudinal section. The exhaust treatment device 10 is in an exhaust duct 13 provided and includes a heater 12 an exhaust gas purification device 15th and a case 14th .

In both embodiments, the heating device 12 in exhaust gas flow direction 11 spaced upstream of the exhaust gas purification device 15th arranged.

It can also be provided that the heating device 12 on the exhaust gas cleaning device 15th is applied.

In 1 is the case 14th a common housing 14th that of the heater 12 and the exhaust gas purification device 15th assigned.

In 2 is the case 14th the heater 12 as a separate housing 14th formed by the exhaust gas purification device 15th is spaced.

In 3 is the exhaust gas treatment device 10 with a view in the direction of the exhaust gas flow 11 shown in cross section. The exhaust treatment device 10 includes the heater 12 and the case 14th .

The heating device 12 consists of a heating component 20th , a first electrode 16 , a second electrode 18th and a support structure together, the support structure fastening elements 22nd , one the heating component 20th on the outside surrounding metallic support frame 24 , a fastener 36 and first support elements 38 having.

In this embodiment the first are support elements 38 formed like a spoke and at its radially outer end on the support frame 24 and at its radially inner end on the connecting element 36 attached.

Optionally, the heating device 12 also several electrodes 18th exhibit. For example, only second electrodes 18th instead of the fasteners 22nd be provided so that the electrodes 18th also the function of fasteners 22nd hold.

The heating component 20th is made of an electrically conductive material and in this embodiment is designed as an inherently rigid heating grid.

The heating grid can be made from sheet metal, for example.

Over the support structure is the heating device 12 in the exhaust duct 13 arranged and so on the housing 14th attached that between the case 14th and the heater 12 A gap 26th is available.

The gap 26th reduces or prevents interactions between the heating device 12 and the case 14th . In addition, through the gap 26th Manufacturing inaccuracies are compensated.

The gap 26th can also be filled with a filler material such as insulation.

The first electrode 16 extends through the housing 14th in a central area 28 the heater 12 and is in this area with the heating component 20th electrically and mechanically connected.

The attachment of the first electrode 16 can for example be welded to the outside of the housing 14th respectively. The electrode 16 is electrical to the housing 14th isolated.

The support frame 24 is on a radially outer edge area of the heating component 20th intended.

The second electrode 18th and the fasteners 22nd are indirect or direct with the support frame 24 connected and thereby fasten the heating device 12 in the housing 14th .

The heating component 20th is with the second electrode 18th electrically and mechanically connected.

The second electrode 18th as well as the fasteners 22nd extend through the housing 14th and are in one on the outside of the case 14th attached mounting sleeve 30th recorded.

The fastening of the fastening sleeves 30th can for example be welded to the outside of the housing 14th respectively.

The case 14th and the fastening sleeves 30th are from the second electrode 18th and the fasteners 22nd by an insulation each 32 electrically or galvanically decoupled. This creates electrical interactions between the second electrode 18th or the fasteners 22nd and the case 14th or the fastening sleeve 30th avoided.

The isolation 32 the second electrode 18th and the second electrode 18th extend through the housing 14th and the fastening sleeve 30th . At the outside end of the second electrode 18th For example, cables or wires can be connected that are required to create a circuit.

In other embodiments it is conceivable that the insulation 32 is not absolutely necessary.

When current flows, current flows through the first electrode 16 in the central area 28 the heating component 20th and furthermore essentially in the radial direction and, according to the course of the heating component, also partially in the circumferential direction towards the edge region to the second electrode 18th .

Alternatively, the current can also flow in reverse.

The heating component 20th heats up when current flows, which also causes the heater 12 flowing exhaust gas is heated.

The heated exhaust gas then flows into the exhaust gas cleaning device 15th and warms it up. This can significantly increase the efficiency of the exhaust gas cleaning.

The arrangement of the electrodes 16 , 18th as well as the fastening of the heating device 12 is in 3 to be understood only as an example. For example, the first electrode 16 like the second electrode 18th , at a radially outer edge area with the heating component 20th be connected.

Furthermore, the heating device 12 also directly on the housing 14th be attached. The support frame is used for this 24 on the housing 14th for example welded, glued, or the like. Hence the gap would be 26th not available anymore.

In 4th is a first embodiment of the heating device 12 or more precisely the support structure shown. The second electrode (s) 18th are not shown here, but make electrical contact with the heating component 20th on the radially outer edge area of the heating device 12 (see. 3 ).

The first support elements 38 extend radially between the support frame 24 and the connecting element 36 .

“Radial” is essentially “transverse to the direction of flow 11 running ”meant, see 3 .

The first carrier elements are preferred 38 in one piece on the support frame 24 molded and go over the connecting element 36 integrally into one another, so that the first carrier elements 38 , the support frame 24 and the connecting element 36 form a one-piece, one-piece support structure.

Alternatively, the first carrier elements 38 , the support frame 24 and the connecting element 36 be separate components.

The heating component 20th lies on the support structure, in particular on the first support elements 38 , and is between the first electrode 16 and the support structure, in particular the first support elements 38 , attached, for example clamped.

Between the heating component 20th and the support structure is an insulating layer 42 arranged. Through the insulation layer 42 can use the heating component 20th and the support structure is electrically decoupled from one another and a distance between the heating component 20th and the support structure are created.

In particular is the insulation layer 42 a coating.

The insulation layer 42 thus serves as insulation and at the same time as a spacer, thereby creating interactions between the heating component 20th and the support structure can be reliably avoided.

For example is the insulation layer 42 made of ceramic.

It can also be seen that the first electrode 16 spaced from the connecting element 36 is arranged. Interactions between the heating component are also intended as a result 20th and the support structure can be avoided.

One in 5a shown second embodiment of the heating device 12 or more precisely the support structure is essentially similar to the first embodiment according to FIG 4th .

Here is the heating component 20th but between two opposite parts of the support structure or the first support elements 38 , 38 ' arranged.

The opposite parts of the first support elements 38 , 38 ' are about several retaining elements 44 connected with each other. About the holding elements 44 become the opposite parts of the first support elements 38 , 38 ' reliably kept spaced apart.

Furthermore, the heating component 20th in sections through the holding elements 44 supported and held.

In 5b is a holding element 44 shown in more detail. The holding element 44 is formed in sections ring-shaped, which makes it a current-carrying line of the heating component 20th circumferentially encloses.

At the contact points of the holding element 44 with the heating component 20th is an insulating layer 42 between the holding element 44 and the heating component 20th arranged.

Optionally, the insulation layer 42 can be omitted and thereby the heating component 20th about the holding elements 44 by a second electrode 18th electrically contacted first carrier elements 38 electrically contacted.

The other features of the first embodiment apply equally to the second embodiment.

In 6a is a third embodiment of the heating device 12 or more precisely the support structure shown, which is very similar to the first embodiment according to 4th is.

This is where the insulation layer extends 42 however, not over the entire heating component 20th facing side of the first carrier elements 38 but the insulation layer 42 is on the end faces of isolated on the first support elements 38 attached retaining elements 44 provided (cf. 6b) .

In particular is the insulation layer 42 designed here as a ceramic pin.

The heating component 20th lies on the holding elements 44 of the first support elements 38 and is between the first electrode 16 and the holding elements 44 attached, for example clamped.

Optionally, the insulation layer 42 can be omitted and thereby the heating component 20th about the holding elements 44 by a second electrode 18th electrically contacted first carrier elements 38 electrically contacted.

The other features of the first embodiment apply equally to the third embodiment.

7a Fig. 3 shows a fourth embodiment of the heating device 12 . The construction of the support structure is essentially similar to the previously described embodiments.

In this embodiment, the first carrier elements are at the radially outer ends 38 no support frame 24 arranged and the first support elements 38 are right on one between the housing 14th and the insulating layer arranged on the carrier structure 45 , which is designed as a mat attached.

The insulating layer 45 surrounds the support structure circumferentially.

In particular is the insulating layer 45 in this embodiment part of the support structure, in particular the support frame 24 .

The heating component 20th is on the one hand by holding elements 44 on the first support elements 38 attached and on the other hand via a separate to the first carrier elements 38 trained support frame 24 on the insulating layer 45 or attached to the mat.

The support frame 24 can on the heating component 20th be molded so that the heating component 20th and the support frame 24 merge into one another in one piece.

In this embodiment, the carrier structure is made up of electrodes arranged on the radially outer edge region 16 , 18th electrically contacted. The first form support elements 38 part of the first electrode 16 and contact the heating component 20th electrically via the connecting element 36 that with the heating component 20th , similar to the first electrode 16 in the embodiments according to 3 to 6th , connected is.

The support frame 24 forms part of the second electrode 18th . In a similar way, the support frames 24 of the embodiments 1 to 3 according to the 4th to 6th from the second electrode 18th electrically contacted.

Such an arrangement is of course only to be understood as an example. For example, it can also be used for the first carrier elements 38 a support frame 24 be provided. Can also be on a support frame 24 for the heating component 20th can be omitted because the heating component 20th through the holding elements 44 on the first support elements 38 is attached.

In the 7b to 7d are different embodiments of a holding element 44 according to 7a shown in detail. The holding element 44 has one or more locking elements 46 on, starting from the retaining element 44 extends through a space between the current-carrying lines and engages behind them.

This removes the power lines and thus the heating component 20th on the holding elements 44 latched.

At the contact points of the holding element 44 with the heating component 20th is an insulating layer 42 between the holding element 44 and the heating component 20th arranged. There is no electrical connection between the heating components 20th and the support structure.

In particular, the holding elements 44 of embodiments 2 to 4 according to FIG 5 to 7th be designed as insulators.

A fifth embodiment of the heating device 12 is in 8th shown.

The heating component 20th is here on a component of the exhaust gas treatment device 10 , for example the exhaust gas cleaning device 15th , put on and encloses with the support frame 24 on the outside a section of the exhaust gas purification device 15th in the circumferential direction.

The exhaust gas cleaning device 15th here forms the support structure, in particular the first support element 38 .

The support frame 24 is also in this embodiment in one piece on the heating component 20th molded so that supporting frame 24 and heating component 20th merge into one another in one piece. Of course, the support frame 24 also be formed separately.

The heating component 20th is in the central area 28 from the first electrode 16 electrically contacted and at the radially outer edge area over the support frame 24 from the second electrode 18th electrically contacted.

For insulation, damping and to compensate for manufacturing tolerances, between the support frame 24 and the exhaust gas purification device 15th an insulating or damping mat or a wire mesh 48 be provided.

9a shows a sixth embodiment of the heating device 12 . For the sake of clarity, a representation of the housing has been made here 14th , the first electrode 16 , the second electrode 18th and the fasteners 22nd waived. The arrangement of these components is similar in FIG 3 shown.

It is also conceivable here that the support frame 24 directly on the housing 14th attached so that no fasteners 22nd are necessary.

The structure of the heating device 12 is essentially similar to the embodiments 1 to 3 according to the 3 to 6th . The first carrier elements extend here 38 but not as far as the central area 28 and the first support elements 38 are in the central area 28 not on the connector 36 appropriate.

The first support elements 38 are at their radially outer end on the support frame 24 attached and extend radially towards the common center 50 but they cannot reach it.

In 9b is the sixth embodiment of the heating device 12 shown in a longitudinal section.

The heating component 20th is between two opposite parts of the support structure or the first support elements 38 , 38 ' arranged.

The opposite parts of the first support elements 38 , 38 ' are on a common support frame 24 attached.

The support frame 24 is directly on the housing 14th attached and is of a second electrode 18th electrically contacted.

About the support frame 24 become the opposite parts of the first support elements 38 , 38 ' from the second electrode 18th electrically contacted.

The longer support element 38 supports and holds the heating component 20th . Between the heating component 20th and the longer support element 38 is an insulating layer 42 arranged. Accordingly, the longer carrier element is used 38 the heating component 20th not electrically contacted.

The shorter support element 38 ' is directly with the heating component 20th mechanically and electrically coupled.

Accordingly, the heating component 20th on the one hand from the first electrode 16 in the central area 28 electrically contacted and on the other hand from the second electrode 18th via the shorter carrier element 38 ' electrically contacted.

The arrangement of the electrodes 16 , 18th as well as the fastening of the heating device 12 is in 9b to be understood only as an example. For example, the first electrode 16 like the second electrode 18th , on a radially outer edge area with the support frame 24 be connected. The longer carrier element 38 and / or the shorter carrier element 38 ' directly from the second electrode 18th electrically contacted.

In 10 and in 11 is a plan view of a seventh and eighth embodiment of the heating device 12 shown. Instead of a heating grid as a heating component 20th a heating wire is used here.

In both embodiments each extend starting from the connecting element 36 that is in the central area 28 the heater 12 is arranged, a first carrier element 38 and a second support element 40 in the form of several spokes radially outwards towards the housing 14th .

The support elements 38 , 40 are in the direction of exhaust gas flow 11 arranged one behind the other (cf. 12 to 14th ) and are twisted against each other in such a way that the respective spokes are offset from one another in the circumferential direction.

The carrier elements are at their outer ends 38 , 40 circumferentially by a support frame 24 enclosed. The support frame 24 are as in the embodiments explained above on the housing 14th attached.

In 12 is the electrical contacting of the carrier elements 38 , 40 through the electrodes 16 , 18th shown in detail.

About the first electrode 16 which in this embodiment are identical to the second electrode 18th is executed, the first carrier element 38 and over the second electrode 18th becomes the second support element 40 electrically contacted.

The electrodes 16 , 18th extend through the housing 14th and the support frame 24 in the respective carrier element 38 , 40 .

Alternatively, the respective support frame 24 from the corresponding electrode 16 , 18th electrically contacted.

The support elements 38 , 40 and the support frame 24 are made of an electrically conductive material and therefore form part of the respective electrode 16 , 18th out.

About interactions between the two support elements 38 , 40 to reduce or prevent is between the two support elements 38 , 40 a spacing 52 intended. Also the previously described twisting of the spokes of the carrier elements 38 , 40 contributes to reducing or preventing interactions.

In the embodiment according to 10 there are several heating wires in the heater 12 arranged. A heating wire runs from the area of the center 28 the heater 12 starting in a zigzag shape between adjacent spokes of the first carrier element 38 and the second support element 40 to the outside and several times along its length in the exhaust gas flow direction backwards and forwards from one spoke to the other.

The heating wire - as in 13 - be alternately attached to each other facing inner sides of the adjacent spokes, for example by resistance welding.

Alternatively, the heating wire - as in 14th shown - alternately around the first carrier element 38 and the second support element 40 to be wrapped. These are on the carrier elements 38 , 40 Notches 54 provided in which the heating wire, for example by resistance welding, can be attached. The notches 54 adjacent support elements 38 , 40 point away from each other.

In the 11 Shown embodiment of the heating device 12 has a heating wire from the central area 28 the heater 12 starting out spirally radially outward and alternately on the first carrier element 38 and on the second support element 40 is attached. Here, too, the heating wire always runs from front to back and back again from one spoke to the other.

It is also conceivable that several heating wires of this type in the heating device 12 to be ordered.

The fastening of the heating wire in this embodiment can be analogous to the seventh embodiment according to FIG 10 as in the 13 and 14th shown.

In the manufacturing process, the heating wire can first be attached to the spokes and then the spokes are rotated relative to one another so that they are offset from one another in the circumferential direction.

In 15th is an exemplary fastening of the electrode 16 , 18th in a fastening sleeve 30th on the housing 14th shown.

According to a first embodiment of the attachment, the electrode 16 , 18th force-fit in the fastening sleeve 30th recorded.

The electrode 16 , 18th points to one of the fastening sleeves 30th facing end a recording 56 in the form of a blind hole, in which one on the fastening sleeve 30th Complementary shaped pin that is deformable in cross section 58 can be included. When inserting the electrode 16 , 18th into the fastening sleeve 30th becomes the pen 58 in the recording 56 pressed and thereby deformed in cross section (cf. 15c and 15d ).

In addition to the force-fit fastening, the electrode 16 , 18th in a second embodiment of the fastening in a form-fitting manner in the fastening sleeve 30th be appropriate (cf. 15b) .

To do this, the electrode 16 , 18th on its outer circumference a bulge projecting radially outwards 60 into one in the mounting sleeve 30th complementary indentation 62 engages during insertion.

16 shows an alternative mechanical and electrical coupling of the electrode 16 , 18th with the support frame 24 .

Here the electrode extends 16 , 18th through the support frame 24 or on the support frame 24 over and lies with one of the support frame 24 facing contact surface 64 over a portion on a radially inwardly directed surface of the support frame 24 at.

In this embodiment, the electrode 16 , 18th at two welding points 66 on the support frame 24 welded on.

This is the electrode 16 , 18th mechanically and electrically with the support frame 24 coupled.

Claims (17)

Exhaust gas treatment device for a motor vehicle, with a housing (14) which delimits an exhaust gas duct (13) through which the exhaust gas flows, an electrical heating device (12) which extends transversely through the exhaust gas duct (13) and is traversed by exhaust gas and which a heating component (20) formed by one or more current-carrying lines and a support structure, wherein the heating component (20) is attached to the support structure, and wherein the support structure has a metallic support frame (24) surrounding the heating device (12) on the outside, thereby characterized in that at least one support element (38) is arranged on the support frame (24), which extends radially into an inner region of the support frame (24), the heating component (20) being held by the support element (38) and / or by the support element (38) is electrically contacted. Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the heating component (20) is held by the support frame (24) and / or is electrically contacted by the support frame (24). Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that several spoke-like support elements (38) are attached to the support frame (24) and extend into a center (28) of the support frame (24), a connecting element (36) being arranged in the center (28) on which the Support elements (38) are attached. Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating component (20) is electrically contacted directly by electrodes (16, 18) and / or via the carrier structure by electrodes (16, 18). Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the current-carrying lines between the electrodes (16, 18) extend at least partially in the radial direction, in the circumferential direction and / or in the axial direction of the heating device (12). Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the electrodes (16, 18) are held on the housing (14) or in each case by a fastening sleeve (30) attached to an outside or inside of the housing (14) and electrically connected to the heating component (20) and / or the Support structure are coupled or that one of the electrodes (16, 18) is electrically coupled to the heating component (20) and the other of the electrodes (16, 18) is electrically coupled to the support structure. Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 6 , characterized in that at least one of the electrodes (16, 18) is held non-positively and / or positively in the fastening sleeve (30). Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support frame (24) is attached directly to the housing (14). Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the Claims 4 to 7th , characterized in that the support frame (24) is attached to the housing (14) via at least one fastening element (22) and / or at least one electrode (16, 18). Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support structure has holding elements (44) which at least partially enclose part of the heating component (20) and / or are latched to the heating component (20) in a clip-like manner. Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 10 , characterized in that the holding elements (44) are insulators. Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier structure comprises a first carrier element (38) and a second carrier element (40), both of which are electrically conductive and thereby form electrode sections and are arranged one behind the other in the exhaust gas flow direction (11), and that a Heating component (20) in the form of a heating wire runs alternately from the first to the second carrier element (38, 40) and back. Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 12 , characterized in that the first carrier element (38) and the second carrier element (40) have spokes extending from a central region (28) of the heating device (12), the spokes of the first carrier element (38) being connected to those of the second carrier element (40), seen in the exhaust gas flow direction (11), are offset in the circumferential direction. Exhaust treatment device according to Claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that the heating component (20) runs from a central region (28) of the heating device (12) in a spiral outward and is alternately attached to the first carrier element (38) and the second carrier element (40) or that the heating component (20 ) extends from the central region (28) in a zigzag shape outward between adjacent spokes of the first carrier element (38) and the second carrier element (40), in particular a heating wire extends in a zigzag shape between all adjacent spokes. Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that the heating component (20) is an inherently rigid heating grid, sections of the at least one current-carrying line crossing one another and lying against one another at the intersection to form the heating grid. Exhaust gas treatment device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an insulation layer (42), which at the same time serves as a spacer, is arranged between the heating component (20) and the carrier structure at least in sections. Vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an exhaust gas treatment device (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

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