DE102019116131A1 - Crossed roller bearings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a crossed roller bearing with an inner ring and an outer ring, between which a rolling corridor is formed, in which, viewed along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor, intersecting rolling rollers are arranged, each rolling roller having a rolling section, the rolling section outer circumferential surface of which is on a rolling track of the outer ring and / or rolls on a runway of the inner ring. The cross roller bearing is characterized in that the axial length of the rolling section of each rolling roller in the direction of its axis of rotation is greater than the smallest outer diameter of the rolling roller in the area of the rolling section perpendicular to its axis of rotation.

Description

The invention relates to a crossed roller bearing with an inner ring and an outer ring, between which a rolling corridor is formed, in which, viewed along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor, intersecting rolling rollers are arranged, each rolling roller having a rolling section, the rolling section outer circumferential surface of which is on a rolling track of the outer ring and / or rolls on a runway of the inner ring.

Crossed roller bearings have the particular advantage that they can absorb both radial forces and tilting moments. This is achieved by an alternately crossed arrangement of the rolling elements, which are designed as cylindrical rollers, in a rolling corridor with a square cross-section. In practice, the diameter of the cylindrical rollers is slightly larger than their length.

Crossed roller bearings usually have an inner ring and an outer ring, two mutually perpendicular running surfaces of the rolling corridor being formed on the inner circumference of the outer ring, while two further mutually perpendicular running surfaces of the rolling corridor are formed on the outer circumference of the inner ring. In these crossed roller bearings, the rolling corridor has a square cross-section.

Out DE 102010019443 A1 is a spherical roller bearing with two rows of rollers arranged axially one behind the other between an inner bearing ring and an outer bearing ring, and with a loose flange ring which is arranged between the rows of rollers and assigned to one of the bearing rings and has a trapezoidal or wedge cross-section adapted to rollers. The rim ring has a predetermined radial play compared to the associated bearing ring. If the spherical roller bearing is loaded radially, the rollers in the load zone press the rim radially outwards. As a result, the rim is moved radially inward in the no-load zone; in doing so, it rests against the end faces of the assigned rollers and shifts them axially outwards, stabilizing them.

JP H 10196649 A A cross roller bearing is known in which a first tapered roller that receives a load in a first axial direction and a radial direction and a second tapered roller that receives a load in a second axial direction and a radial direction are held between an inner ring and an outer ring.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a crossed roller bearing which can be designed to be both compact and at the same time particularly rigid.

The object is achieved by a crossed roller bearing which is characterized in that the axial length of the rolling section of each rolling roller in the direction of its axis of rotation is greater than the smallest outer diameter of the rolling roller in the area of the rolling section perpendicular to its axis of rotation.

According to the invention, it was recognized that the Wölz corridor need not necessarily have a square cross section. Rather, the rolling corridor can advantageously be designed in such a way that a shape and arrangement of the rolling rollers that is advantageous in terms of enabling a particular compactness and rigidity is made possible. In particular, the rolling corridor can advantageously very generally have a shape deviating from the square shape and / or from a rectangular shape in cross section.

The rolling rollers can be designed in the shape of a circular cylinder, in particular at least in the area of the rolling section. Rolling rollers of this type are easy and inexpensive to manufacture. In the case of such rolling rollers, the outside diameter is the same everywhere at least in the area of the rolling section and to this extent forms the smallest outside diameter in the area of the rolling section.

Alternatively, the rolling rollers can be frustoconical in order to avoid slippage. The background to this is that the end of a rolling roller which is located radially further outwards has to cover a longer rolling path during rolling than the end of the roller roller which is located radially further inwards. A frustoconical shape of the rolling rollers can avoid slippage, whereby the required taper angle of the rolling rollers, among other things, is reduced. from their length in the direction of their axis of rotation and the length of the aforementioned, radially spaced rolling paths. In such rolling rollers, the outside diameter in the area of their rolling section is different perpendicular to their axis of rotation, the end of the rolling section located radially further outside in the crossed roller bearing having the largest outside diameter and the radially further inside end of the rolling section having the smallest outside diameter.

The rolling section of each rolling roller can be followed by at least one section that does not roll on one of the roller tracks and therefore does not belong to the rolling section. For example, the ends of each rolling roller can be rounded, in particular hemispherical, or conical or frustoconical and / or have a bevel. It is also possible for the ends of each rolling roller to be pointed.

According to a special, independent idea of the invention, it is provided that the intersection angle at which successive rolling rollers cross with respect to their axes of rotation, viewed in the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor, to the respectively planned requirements. The crossing angle can be 90 degrees (right angle), for example.

However, it is advantageously also possible that the crossing angle is more than 90 degrees or that the crossing angle is in the range from 95 to 135 degrees, in particular in the range from 105 to 125 degrees, for example in order to achieve a radially more compact structural size.

Alternatively, it is advantageously also possible that the crossing angle is less than 90 degrees or that the crossing angle is in the range from 85 to 40 degrees, in particular in the range from 85 to 60 degrees, for example when it comes to designing the crossed roller bearing in such a way that it can absorb particularly high tilting moments.

The cross roller bearing according to the invention is preferably designed in such a way that the rolling rollers each have a crossing section, the projection of the crossing section of a rolling roller in the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor on a projection plane and the projection of the crossing section of a crossed rolling roller in the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor overlapping on the same projection plane. In addition to the crossing section, the rolling rollers can each have at least one non-crossing section.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, one end of the rolling roller has the intersection section. In particular, the rolling corridor can be V-shaped in cross section.

For example, the ends of the roller rollers facing the inner ring can each have the intersection section. In particular, it can be provided, for example, that the inner ring has a V-shaped groove along its outer circumference, while the outer ring has an M-shaped contour along its inner circumference, so that a V-shaped rolling corridor is formed between the outer ring and the inner ring. In the rolling corridor (if there is no filler body) only the ends of the rolling rollers facing the inner ring touch.

Alternatively, the ends of the roller rollers facing the outer ring can each have the intersection section. In particular, it can be provided, for example, that the outer ring has a V-shaped groove along its inner circumference, while the inner ring has an M-shaped contour along its outer circumference, so that a V-shaped rolling corridor is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring, in which only the ends of the rolling rollers facing the outer ring (if there is no filler body) touch each other. Such an embodiment has the further advantage that the filling with rolling rollers can take place through a filling channel (or several filling channels) which runs through the inner ring. If the filler channel (or the several filler channels) runs through the inner ring, there is advantageously no need for a special seal of the filler channel (s) against escaping grease, since the grease from the space surrounding the inner ring (sufficient axial Sealing provided) can not get into the outer area of the crossed roller bearing anyway.

In another embodiment, an axial central region of the roller roller has the crossing section. In particular, the rolling corridor can be designed to be X-shaped in cross section. This can in particular be implemented in such a way that the outer ring along its inner circumference and the inner ring along its outer circumference each have an M-shaped contour.

Preferably, the outer ring and the inner ring each have a first roller track designed as a truncated cone surface, on which the first of the rolling rollers roll. In addition, the outer ring and the inner ring preferably each have a second roller track designed as a truncated cone surface, on which second roller rollers, namely the second roller rollers arranged crossed to the first roller rollers, roll.

In a particular embodiment, the first runways are arranged parallel to one another and the second runways are also arranged parallel to one another. In such an embodiment, rolling rollers are used which, in particular at least in the area of the rolling section, are each designed in the shape of a circular cylinder.

In another embodiment, the first roller track of the outer ring has a larger cone angle than the first roller track of the inner ring. In addition, the second raceway of the outer ring has a larger cone angle than the second raceway of the inner ring. In such an embodiment, rolling rollers are used which, in particular at least in the area of the rolling section, are each designed to be frustoconical.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the first and the second roller track of the outer ring in cross section form an angle (measured at the side facing the rolling corridor) to one another which is greater than 180 degrees, while the first and second roller tracks of the inner ring in cross section have an angle (measured on the side facing the rolling corridor) to one another that is smaller than 180 degrees. Alternatively, it can, conversely, be provided that the first and second roller tracks of the outer ring in cross section have an angle (measured on the side facing the rolling corridor) to one another which is less than 180 degrees, while the first and second roller tracks of the inner ring have a cross section Angle (measured on the side facing the rolling corridor) to one another which is greater than 180 degrees.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, at least one axial section of the rolling section of each rolling roller is a loading section, the outer circumferential surface of which rolls both on a roller track of the outer ring and on a roller track of the inner ring. The loading section can advantageously be longer in the direction of its axis of rotation of the respective rolling roller than the smallest outer diameter of the rolling roller in the area of the rolling section perpendicular to its axis of rotation. In this way, a particularly high load-bearing capacity of the crossed roller bearing against high tilting and / or buckling moments can be achieved.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment and according to an independent concept of the invention, the inner ring has at least one filling channel for filling at least some of the rolling rollers into the rolling corridor, the filling channel preferably opening into the rolling corridor at a point that is outside the area on which the Roll off load sections of the rolling rollers. Alternatively or additionally, it can advantageously be provided that the outer ring has at least one filling channel for filling at least a part of the rolling rollers into the rolling corridor, the filling channel opening into the rolling corridor at a point which is outside the area on which the load sections of the rolling rollers roll .

A design in which the filling channel runs through an area of the rolling corridor that is not loaded during operation (independent inventive concept) has the particular advantage that the function and longevity of the crossed roller bearing are not impaired by the filling channel, because the closure is never quite optimal in practice the filling channel has no significant effect on the function of the crossed roller bearing in such a design. This is because the closure is located outside of the areas of the rolling corridor which are loaded by the rolling bearings when radial forces and tilting forces occur. As will be explained in detail further below, the filling channel can be closed particularly simply and advantageously with a sealing plug, the end of which does not have to have the properties of a loaded running surface. This is because the end of the sealing plug is at most only part of an unloaded area of the rolling corridor.

Both the above-mentioned X-shaped design of the rolling corridor and the above-mentioned V-shaped design of the rolling corridor have the very special advantage that the surfaces of the rolling corridor on which the front ends of the rolling rollers are not load-bearing surfaces on which the Rolling rollers support the radial forces and tilting moments that occur during operation of the crossed roller bearing.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the crossed roller bearing (and according to a further independent inventive concept), there are two filling channels for filling in the rolling rollers, a first filling channel being designed and oriented to fill rolling rollers with a first orientation into the rolling corridor, while the second filling channel is for this is designed and oriented to fill the rolling rollers with a second orientation crossed to the first orientation in the rolling corridor.

Such an embodiment has the very special advantage that the rolling rollers do not have to be filled into the rolling corridor alternately with different orientations through the same filling channel, but rather that each filling channel is assigned a single orientation of the rolling elements. Such a design advantageously even enables the filling to be automated.

In an advantageous manner, it can be provided, for example, that one rolling roller is automatically introduced into the rolling corridor through one filling channel and then the inner ring is rotated further relative to the outer ring until the next two rolling rollers can be pushed into the rolling corridor in the same way. The process is repeated until all of the rollers are filled. In this case, the rolling rollers can advantageously be stacked in the filling channels directly on the front side in contact with one another. Such an automated filling of the rolling corridor of a crossed roller bearing can advantageously be completed very quickly. In this way it is possible to fill the rolling corridor of a crossed roller bearing within a few seconds.

Specifically, according to a method for filling the rolling rollers in the rolling corridor of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention, it can be provided that if the first filling channel and the second filling channel are in the same filling space of the rolling corridor open, the rolling rollers are alternately filled through the first filling channel and through the second filling channel, with the inner ring being rotated further relative to the outer ring after each filling of a rolling roller until the filling space is free again. The filling space is the volume of space within the rolling corridor in which a rolling roller arrives at the end of its insertion process. This process is repeated until the entire rolling corridor is filled.

An embodiment is particularly advantageous in which the first filling channel and the second filling channel open into two, in particular mutually adjacent, filling spaces within the Wölz corridor. In this case, the filling can take place in such a way that (simultaneously or sequentially) one roller each is filled through the first filling channel and one through the second filling channel, with the inner ring being rotated further relative to the outer ring after the two rolling rollers have been filled until both filling areas are free again. This process is repeated until the entire Wölz corridor is filled.

As will be explained in detail further below, fillers can advantageously be arranged between adjacent rolling rollers and / or between the next but one adjacent rolling rollers. In this case, too, the filling can take place as described above, in particular by means of an automatic machine, with rolling rollers and filler bodies being inserted alternately in the same way. The filling channel or channels are preferably designed in such a way that the filling bodies can be pushed with the intended end orientation, in particular exclusively with the intended end orientation, through the filling channel and into the Wölz corridor.

The inlet openings of the filling channels can be arranged, for example, on the axial end faces of the inner ring or the outer ring. Alternatively, it is also possible that the inlet openings of the filling channels are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring or on the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring.

The filling channels preferably run obliquely (that is to say at an angle different from 0 ° and 90 ° to the axial direction of the crossed roller bearing) through the inner ring or through the outer ring.

An embodiment is particularly preferred in which the filling channels are designed in such a way that the rolling rollers can be pushed through the filling channel into the rolling corridor with the intended end orientation of their axis of rotation, in particular exclusively with the intended end orientation of their axis of rotation.

The first filling channel can advantageously be dimensioned in such a way that only rolling rollers that have the first orientation can be filled through it into the rolling corridor. In this way, correct alignment of the first rolling rollers is automatically ensured. Alternatively or additionally, the second filling channel can be dimensioned in such a way that only rolling rollers that have the second orientation can only be filled through it into the rolling corridor. In this way, correct alignment of the second roller rollers is automatically ensured.

The filling channel or the filling channels can in particular be designed in the shape of a circular cylinder. Such a design is particularly advantageous when it comes to ensuring that the rolling rollers can only be pushed through the filling channel into the rolling corridor with the intended end alignment of their axis of rotation.

However, it is also possible for the filling channels to have a rectangular, in particular square, cross-section. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous if, in addition, a filler body is to be filled into the rolling corridor after each rolling roller; this is particularly the case when the filler body does not have a circular outer contour in cross section. However, even with a rectangular, in particular square, design of the filling channels, it is advantageous to dimension them in such a way that the rolling rollers (and possibly also the filling bodies) are pushed through the filling channel into the rolling corridor exclusively with the intended end orientation of their axis of rotation can.

In particular, also to ensure that the rolling rollers (and possibly also the filling bodies) can be pushed through the filling channel into the rolling corridor exclusively with the intended end orientation of their axis of rotation, it can advantageously be provided that the filling channel or the filling channels have a smallest passage width (in the case of circular cylindrical filling channels this corresponds to the inside diameter), which is smaller than the length of the rolling rollers in the direction of their axis of rotation, and / or which is a factor of 1.01 to 1.1 larger than the largest outside diameter of the rolling rollers perpendicular to their axis of rotation.

The smallest possible passage width also has the very special advantage that the portion of the rolling corridor that has to be closed with a stopper after filling is particularly small. This is particularly advantageous if the filling channel runs through a roller path of the rolling corridor that is loaded during operation, which, however, continues has already been stated above, does not represent the preferred embodiment. Rather, an embodiment is preferred in which the filling channel runs through an area of the rolling corridor that is not loaded during operation.

In a particular embodiment, there is a sealing plug that can be fixed in the filling channel, in particular in a form-fitting manner. If a plurality of filling channels are present, a sealing plug which can be fixed in the filling channel, in particular in a form-fitting manner, is preferably provided for each filling channel.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the end of the sealing plug fixed in the filling channel facing the rolling corridor is arranged within the filling channel and / or is set back from the rolling corridor. With such an embodiment, the sealing plug remains largely unloaded during operation of the crossed roller bearing. In such an embodiment, the filling channel nevertheless preferably opens into the interior of the rolling corridor through an area of the rolling corridor that is not loaded during operation.

In another embodiment, the sealing plug has an end that initially protrudes into the rolling corridor during manufacture, in particular it is made of a softer material than the rolling rollers. The end can for example consist of Teflon or have Teflon. When the crossed roller bearing is in operation, the end is automatically removed by the (preferably much harder) rolling rollers, which can be made of steel, for example, until it is flush with the remaining surfaces that delimit the rolling corridor. In such an embodiment, too, the filling channel preferably opens into the interior of the rolling corridor through a surface of the rolling corridor that is not loaded during operation.

The sealing plug can have an external thread, for example, so that it can be screwed into the filling channel provided with an internal thread after the rolling rollers have been filled. The closure plug preferably has a fixed stop which defines its end position.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, which manages without a filling channel and which allows largely any cross-sectional shape of the rolling corridor, an inner ring consisting of at least two partial inner rings and / or an outer ring consisting of at least two partial outer rings is present.

In particular, it can advantageously be provided that the inner ring has two partial inner rings which are joined together, in particular screwed together, along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the crossed roller bearing, in particular in a non-destructive manner. Alternatively or additionally it can advantageously be provided that the outer ring has two partial outer rings which are joined together, in particular screwed together, along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the crossed roller bearing, in particular in a non-destructive manner.

These designs have the very special advantage that the rolling rollers can be inserted with the inner ring or outer ring dismantled and the crossed roller bearing can then be closed by connecting the inner rings and outer rings to one another, in particular screwing them together.

In addition, these designs have the very special advantage that special shapes of the inner ring and outer ring are possible, which would make an assembly impossible with an undivided inner ring or outer ring.

In an embodiment that enables the bearing play to be set precisely, the distance between the inner rings can be adjusted or the distance between the outer rings can be adjusted.

In order to permanently ensure a secure positioning of the inner rings relative to one another, a friction-increasing disk can advantageously be arranged between the inner rings. Alternatively, it can also be provided that at least one of the partial inner rings has a coating that increases the coefficient of friction. Analogously, it can alternatively be provided that a disc which increases the coefficient of friction is arranged between the partial outer rings, or that at least one of the partial outer rings has a coating that increases the coefficient of friction. The friction-increasing disk or the friction-increasing coating can be based, for example, on hard particles, such as diamond particles, which protrude from a holding material, in particular a chemical nickel matrix. During the assembly of the components, the hard particles are pressed into the opposing surfaces, thus creating a micro-form fit.

In particular, as an alternative or in addition, a centering element, for example at least one bolt or at least one centering pin, can be present, which ensures correct positioning of the partial inner rings or the partial outer rings.

In order to ensure permanent secure positioning of the inner rings or the outer rings relative to one another, an adhesive can alternatively or additionally be arranged between the inner rings or the outer rings.

In a particularly precise embodiment, the inner rings are produced by breaking an inner ring which is initially produced in one piece. As an alternative or in addition, it can advantageously be provided that the partial outer rings are produced by breaking an outer ring initially produced in one piece. Since the fracture surfaces each allow only a single position of precise joining, a particularly high level of precision is achieved in this way. The process of precisely adjusting the inner rings or outer rings in relation to one another before they are connected to one another, in particular screwed together, is greatly simplified by the procedure described.

In order to ensure the relative positions of the rolling rollers during operation of the crossed roller bearing, a filler (for example made of plastic, in particular made of Teflon) can be arranged in the circumferential direction between adjacent rolling rollers and / or between next but one adjacent rolling rollers.

The filling body can have contact surfaces which are shaped complementary to the rolling rollers on which it rests. For example, filling bodies designed in this way can jointly form a rolling roller cage.

Alternatively, the filler body can be designed as a filler body rolling roller which is arranged in the circumferential direction directly between the next but one adjacent rolling rollers. In this case, the axis of rotation of the filler roller is preferably arranged on the same conical surface as the axes of rotation of the next but one neighboring roller, between which it is arranged. The filling body rolling rollers can be made of a different material than the rolling rollers. The filling body rolling rollers can be made of plastic, for example. However, it is also possible that the filling body rolling rollers are made of the same material as the rolling rollers and also have a supporting function.

In particular, the filling body rolling rollers can be shorter in the direction of their axis of rotation than the rolling rollers. The filling body rolling rollers can be designed in the shape of a circular cylinder or a truncated cone. The filling body rolling rollers are preferably designed in the shape of a circular cylinder, even if the rolling rollers are also designed in the shape of a circular cylinder. If the rolling rollers are frustoconical, the filling body rolling rollers are preferably also frustoconical. In particular, the filling body rolling rollers can function as spacers between the rolling rollers that are adjacent next.

As already mentioned, a roller cage can advantageously be present. If the crossed roller bearing has an inner ring consisting of partial inner rings and / or an outer ring consisting of partial outer rings, the rolling roller cage can consist of an annular piece or several, in particular two, annular pieces that are inserted into the inner ring or the partial outer rings before the connection the rolling corridor is or are insertable.

In a particular embodiment, the inner ring and / or the outer ring have a receptacle, in particular designed as a circumferential groove or recess, for a sealing ring, in particular for a shaft sealing ring. Such a design advantageously enables safe and simple gas-tight and / or liquid-tight coupling of external components to the crossed roller bearing.

The inner ring can advantageously have axial fastening bores, in particular through and / or threaded bores, for coupling the inner ring to other components. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the outer ring has axial fastening bores, in particular through and / or threaded bores, for coupling the inner ring to other components.

• 1 schematisch in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kreuzrollenlagers,
• 2 eine Querschnittdarstellung eines Details des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels
• 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Details des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels,
• 4 schematisch in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Kreuzrollenlagers,
• 5 eine Querschnittdarstellung eines Details des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels,
• 6 eine Querschnittdarstellung eines Details eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Kreuzrollenlagers,
• 7 eine andere Querschnittdarstellung des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels,
• 8 eine Querschnittdarstellung eines Details eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Kreuzrollenlagers,
• 9 eine andere Querschnittdarstellung des vierten Ausführungsbeispiels,
• 10 eine mögliche Ausführung einer Wälzrolle für ein erfindungsgemäßes Kreuzrollenlager,
• 11 eine andere mögliche Ausführung einer Wälzrolle für ein erfindungsgemäßes Kreuzrollenlager,
• 12 eine weitere mögliche Ausführung einer Wälzrolle für ein erfindungsgemäßes Kreuzrollenlager,
• 13 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Darstellung einer möglichen Anordnung der Wälzrollen bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Kreuzrollenlager in radialer Draufsicht, und
• 14 eine schematische Darstellung in radialer Draufsicht einer anderen möglichen Anordnung der Wälzrollen bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Kreuzrollenlager.

The subject matter of the invention is shown schematically and by way of example in the drawing and is described below with reference to the figures, elements that are the same or have the same effect in different exemplary embodiments are mostly provided with the same reference symbols. Show:

• 1 schematically in a perspective sectional view a first embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 2 a cross-sectional view of a detail of the first embodiment
• 3 a perspective view of a detail of the first embodiment,
• 4th schematically in a perspective sectional view a second embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 5 a cross-sectional view of a detail of the second embodiment,
• 6th a cross-sectional view of a detail of a third embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 7th another cross-sectional view of the third embodiment,
• 8th a cross-sectional view of a detail of a fourth embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 9 another cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment,
• 10 a possible embodiment of a rolling roller for a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 11 another possible embodiment of a rolling roller for a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 12 another possible embodiment of a rolling roller for a crossed roller bearing according to the invention,
• 13th a fragmentary schematic representation of a possible arrangement of the rolling rollers in a cross roller bearing according to the invention in a radial plan view, and
• 14th a schematic representation in a radial plan view of another possible arrangement of the rolling rollers in a crossed roller bearing according to the invention.

The 1 to 4th show a first embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention with an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 between which a V-shaped rolling corridor 3 is formed in which along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor 3 looks at intersecting first rolling rollers 4th and second rolling rollers 5 are arranged. 1 shows schematically in a perspective sectional view a first embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention, while 2 special details of the first exemplary embodiment are illustrated in a half-sectional view. How in particular 2 shows, has every first roller 4th and every other roller 5 each with its own axis of rotation 10 on. The inner ring 1 is made up of two inner rings 27 composed. The first and second rolling rollers 4th , 5 are designed the same.

The inner ring 1 has a first inner ring roller path designed as a truncated cone surface 6th on which the first rolling rollers 4th roll off. The inner ring 1 also has a second inner ring roller path, which is also designed as a truncated cone surface 7th on which the second rolling rollers 5 roll off. The outer ring 2 has a first outer ring roller track designed as a truncated cone surface 8th on which the first rolling rollers 4th roll off. The outer ring 2 also has a second outer ring roller path, which is also designed as a truncated cone surface 9 on which the second rolling rollers 5 roll off.

The axial length 11 of the roll section 16 every roller 4th , 5 in the direction of its axis of rotation 10 is larger than the smallest outside diameter 12 the roller 4th , 5 in the area of the rolling section 16 perpendicular to its axis of rotation 10 .

In each case an axial section of the rolling section 16 every first roller 4th is a stress section 13th , its outer surface both on the first inner ring raceway 6th as well as on the first outer ring runway 8th unrolls. The stress section 13th every first roller 4th has an axial loading section length 14th on. An axial section of the rolling section is analogous in each case 16 every second roller 5 a stress section 13th , its outer surface both on the second inner ring raceway 7th as well as on the second outer ring runway 9 unrolls. The stress section 13th every second roller 4th has a loading section length 14th on.

3 shows a perspective view of a detail of the first embodiment, namely the arrangement of the first rolling rollers 4th and the second roller 5 within the V-shaped rolling corridor 3 .

4th shows schematically in a perspective sectional view a second embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention with an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 between which a V-shaped corridor 3 is formed in which along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor 3 looks at intersecting first rolling rollers 4th and second rolling rollers 5 are arranged.

As 5 shows, has every first roller 4th and every other roller 5 each with its own axis of rotation 10 on.

The outer ring 2 consists of two part outer rings 28 composed.

The inner ring 1 has a first inner ring roller path designed as a truncated cone surface 6th on which the first rolling rollers 4th roll off. The inner ring 1 also has a second inner ring roller path, which is also designed as a truncated cone surface 7th on which the second rolling rollers 5 roll off. The outer ring 2 has a first outer ring roller track designed as a truncated cone surface 8th on which the first rolling rollers 4th roll off. The outer ring 2 also has a second outer ring roller path, which is also designed as a truncated cone surface 9 on which the second rolling rollers 5 roll off.

The axial length 11 of the roll section 16 every first and second roller 4th , 5 in the direction of its axis of rotation 10 is larger than the smallest outside diameter 12 the roller 4th , 5 in the area of Roll section 16 perpendicular to its axis of rotation 10 .

In the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor 3 successive first and second rolling rollers 4th , 5 are with respect to their axes of rotation 10 at a crossing angle 15th , which is 90 degrees in this embodiment, arranged crossed.

6th shows schematically in a perspective sectional view a third embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention with an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 between which a V-shaped corridor 3 is formed in which along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor 3 looks at intersecting first rolling rollers 4th and second rolling rollers 5 are arranged. Every first roller 4th and every other roller 5 each has its own axis of rotation 10 on.

The inner ring 1 has a first inner ring roller path designed as a truncated cone surface 6th on which the first rolling rollers 4th roll off. The inner ring 1 also has a second inner ring roller path, which is also designed as a truncated cone surface 7th on which the second rolling rollers 5 roll off. The outer ring 2 has a first outer ring roller track designed as a truncated cone surface 8th on which the first rolling rollers 4th roll off. The outer ring 2 also has a second outer ring roller path, which is also designed as a truncated cone surface 9 on which the second rolling rollers 5 roll off.

The axial length 11 of the roll section 16 every roller 4th , 5 in the direction of its axis of rotation 10 is larger than the smallest outside diameter 12 the roller 4th , 5 in the area of the rolling section 16 perpendicular to its axis of rotation 10 .

7th shows the third embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention in another sectional plane. As 7th shows, each is an axial portion of the rolling portion 16 every first roller 4th a stress section 13th , its outer surface both on the first inner ring raceway 6th as well as on the first outer ring runway 8th unrolls and the one load section length 14th having. An axial section of the rolling section is analogous in each case 16 every second roller 5 a stress section 13th , its outer surface both on the second inner ring raceway 7th as well as on the second outer ring runway 9 unrolls and the one load section length 14th having.

The outer ring 2 has a first filling channel 17th and a second filling channel 18th on. Through the first filling channel 17th can the first rolling rollers 4th and through the second filling channel 18th can use the second roller 5 be filled. The first filling channel 17th is with a first sealing plug 19th that by means of a first screw 20th is attached, locked. The second filling channel 18th is with a second sealing plug 21st that by means of a second screw 22nd is attached, locked.

The 8th and 9 show schematically, each in a perspective sectional view, a fourth embodiment of a crossed roller bearing according to the invention with an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 between which a V-shaped rolling corridor 3 is formed in which along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor 3 looks at intersecting first rolling rollers 4th and second rolling rollers 5 can be arranged.

The inner ring 1 has a first filling channel 17th and a second filling channel 18th on. Through the first filling channel 17th are the first rolling rollers 4th and through the second filling channel 18th become the second rolling rollers 5 filled.

The first filling channel 17th and the second filling channel 18th open into the same filling chamber 25th within the Wölz corridor 3 . The filling area 25th is the volume of space within the rolling corridor 3 , in which a rolling roller at the end of its insertion process in the rolling corridor 3 arrives. The first rolling rollers 4th and the second rolling rollers 5 are alternately through the first filling channel 17th and through the second filling channel 18th filled, each after filling a first or second roller 4th , 5 the inner ring 1 relative to the outer ring 2 the rotation continues until the filling chamber 25th for the next roller 4th , 5 is free again. This process is repeated until the entire rolling corridor3 is filled.

8th shows in a sectional view the situation before the introduction of the rolling rollers 4th , 5 in the Wölzkorridor3, whereby the cutting plane is that which the filling channels 17th , 18th includes. 9 shows the crossed roller bearing in a different sectional plane after the first and second rolling rollers have been filled 4th , 5 into the Wölz corridor 3.

In each case an axial section of the rolling section 16 every first roller 4th is a stress section 13th , its outer surface both on the first inner ring raceway 6th as well as on the first outer ring runway 8th unrolls. The stress section 13th every first roller 4th has an axial loading section length 14th on. An axial section of the rolling section is analogous in each case 16 every second roller 5 a stress section 13th , its outer surface both on the second inner ring raceway 7th as well as on the second outer ring runway 9 unrolls. The stress section 13th every second roller 4th has a loading section length 14th on.

The first filling channel 17th and the second filling channel 18th each lead into the Wölz corridor at a point that lies outside the area on which the load sections 13th of the rolling rollers 4th , 5 roll off.

10 shows a possible embodiment of a rolling roller 4th , 5 for a crossed roller bearing according to the invention. The entire roller 4th , 5 is designed as a circular cylinder.

11 shows another possible embodiment of a rolling roller 4th , 5 for a crossed roller bearing according to the invention. The roll section 16 the roller 4th , 5 is designed as a circular cylinder. To the roll section 16 a hemispherical section closes at each end 26th who is not on one of the runways 6th , 7th , 8th , 9 unrolls and therefore not to the roll section 16 belongs.

12 shows another possible embodiment of a rolling roller 4th , 5 for a crossed roller bearing according to the invention. The roll section 16 the roller 4th , 5 is frustoconical. To the roll section 16 a hemispherical section closes at each end 26th who is not on one of the runways 6th , 7th , 8th , 9 unrolls and therefore not to the roll section 16 belongs.

13th shows schematically a section of a possible arrangement of the first and second rolling rollers 4th , 5 in a cross roller bearing according to the invention in a radial plan view. The first and second rolling rollers 4th , 5 are designed the same.

In the circumferential direction directly between the next but one adjacent first rolling rollers 4th is in each case a first packing roller 23 arranged. The axes of rotation (not shown in this figure) of the first filling body rolling rollers 23 are arranged on the same conical surface as the axes of rotation (not shown in this figure) of the first rolling rollers4. The first packing rollers 23 are axially shorter than the first rolling rollers 4th .

In the circumferential direction directly between the next but one adjacent second rolling rollers 5 is a second filler roller 24 arranged. The axes of rotation (not shown in this figure) of the second filling body rolling rollers 24 are arranged on the same conical surface as the axes of rotation (not shown in this figure) of the second rolling rollers 5 . The second packing rollers 24 are axially shorter than the second rolling rollers 5 .

14th shows a schematic representation of another possible arrangement of the rolling rollers 4th , 5 in a cross roller bearing according to the invention in a partial radial plan view. In this design, the first and second are rolling rollers 4th , 5 frustoconical and in a roller cage 29 arranged.

List of reference symbols

1

Inner ring

2

Outer ring

3

Rolling corridor

4th

first rolling rollers

5

second rolling rollers

6th

first inner ring runway

7th

second inner ring runway

8th

first outer ring runway

9

second outer ring runway

10

Axis of rotation

11

axial length of the rolling section 16

12

outer diameter

13

Load section

14th

Load section length

15th

Crossing angle

16

Roll section

17th

First filling channel

18th

Second filling channel

19th

first sealing plug

20th

first screw

21st

second sealing plug

22nd

second screw

23

First packing roller

24

second packing roller

25th

Loading area

26th

hemispherical section

27

Partial inner rings

28

Partial outer rings

29

Roller cage

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102010019443 A1 [0004]
• JP H10196649 A [0005]

Claims (43)

Crossed roller bearings with an inner ring and an outer ring, between which a rolling corridor is formed, in which, viewed along the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor, intersecting rolling rollers are arranged, each rolling roller having a rolling section, the rolling section outer circumferential surface of which is on a rolling track of the outer ring and / or on a Rolling track of the inner ring, characterized in that the axial length of the rolling section of each rolling roller in the direction of its axis of rotation is greater than the smallest outer diameter of the rolling roller in the area of the rolling section perpendicular to its axis of rotation. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the rolling rollers, in particular at least in the area of the rolling section, are each designed in the shape of a circular cylinder or a truncated cone. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that in the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor successive rolling rollers are arranged crossed with respect to their axes of rotation at a crossing angle. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the crossing angle is 90 degrees. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the crossing angle is more than 90 degrees or that the crossing angle is in the range from 95 to 135 degrees, in particular in the range from 105 to 125 degrees. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the crossing angle is less than 90 degrees or that the crossing angle is in the range from 85 to 40 degrees, in particular in the range from 85 to 60 degrees. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th , characterized in that the rolling rollers each have a crossing section, the projection of the crossing section of a rolling roller in the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor on a projection plane and the projection of the crossing section of a crossed rolling roller in the circumferential direction of the rolling corridor overlapping on the same projection plane. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 7 , characterized in that, apart from the crossing section, the rolling rollers each have at least one non-crossing section. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that a. each end of the roller has the intersection section, or that b. the ends of the roller rollers facing the inner ring each have the intersection section, or that c. the ends of the roller rollers facing the outer ring each have the intersection section. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the rolling corridor is V-shaped in cross section. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that in each case an axial central region of the rolling roller has the intersection section. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 11 , characterized in that a. the rolling corridor is X-shaped in cross section or that b. the rolling corridor has a shape deviating from the square shape in cross section, or that c. the rolling corridor has a shape deviating from a square shape in cross section. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that the outer ring and the inner ring each have a first roller track designed as a truncated cone surface on which the first of the rolling rollers roll and that the outer ring and the inner ring each have a second roller track designed as a truncated cone surface on which the second of the rolling rollers, namely the to the first rolling rollers crossed rolling rollers, unroll. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 13 , characterized in that the first runways are arranged parallel to one another and that the second runways are arranged parallel to one another. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 13 , characterized in that the first runway of the outer ring has a larger taper angle than the first runway of the inner ring, and that the second runway of the outer ring has a larger taper angle than the second runway of the inner ring. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 13 to 15th , characterized in that a. the first and the second raceway of the outer ring in cross section have an angle to one another that is greater than 180 degrees, while the first and the second raceway of the inner ring in cross section have an angle to one another that is less than 180 degrees, or that b. the first and second raceways of the outer ring in cross section have an angle to one another which is less than 180 degrees, while the first and the second raceways of the inner ring in cross section have an angle to one another which is greater than 180 degrees. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 16 , characterized in that at least one axial section of the rolling section of each rolling roller is a loading section, the outer circumferential surface of which rolls both on a roller track of the outer ring and on a roller track of the inner ring. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 17 , characterized in that a. the inner ring has a filling channel for filling at least a part of the rolling rollers into the rolling corridor, the filling channel opening into the rolling corridor at a point that is outside the area on which the load sections of the rolling rollers roll, and / or that b. the outer ring has a filling channel for filling at least some of the rolling rollers into the rolling corridor, the filling channel opening into the rolling corridor at a point which is outside the area on which the load sections of the rolling rollers roll. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 18th , characterized in that there are two filling channels for filling in the rolling rollers, a first filling channel being designed and oriented to fill rolling rollers with a first orientation in the rolling corridor, while the second filling channel is designed and oriented to the rolling rollers with one to the first Alignment crossed second alignment to fill the rolling corridor. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 19 , characterized in that a. the first filler channel is dimensioned in such a way that only rolling rollers that have the first orientation can be filled through it into the rolling corridor, and / or that b. the second filling channel is dimensioned in such a way that only rolling rollers that have the second orientation can be filled through it into the rolling corridor. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 18 to 20th , characterized in that the filling channel or the filling channels are designed in the shape of a circular cylinder or that the filling channels are rectangular, in particular square, in cross-section. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 18 to 21st , characterized in that the filling channel or the filling channels have a smallest passage width which is smaller than the length of the rolling rollers in the direction of their axis of rotation, and / or which is greater by a factor of 1.01 to 1.1 than the largest Outside diameter of the rolling rollers perpendicular to their axis of rotation. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 18 to 22nd , characterized in that there is a sealing plug that can be fixed in the filling channel, in particular in a form-fitting manner, or that for each filling channel there is a sealing plug that can be fixed in the filling channel, in particular in a form-fitting manner. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 23 , characterized in that the end facing the rolling corridor of the sealing plug fixed in the filling channel is arranged within the filling channel and / or is set back from the rolling corridor. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 23 , characterized in that the sealing plug has an end which initially protrudes into the rolling corridor during manufacture, in particular made of a softer material than the rolling rollers, and which is automatically removed during operation by the rolling rollers until it is flush with the other surfaces that limit the Wölz corridor. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 17th , characterized in that a. the inner ring has two inner rings which are joined together, in particular screwed to one another, along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the crossed roller bearing, in particular in a non-destructive manner, and / or that b. the outer ring has two partial outer rings, which are joined together, in particular screwed together, along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the crossed roller bearing, in particular in a non-destructive manner. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 26 , characterized in that the distance between the inner rings is adjustable or that the distance between the outer rings is adjustable. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 26 or 27 , characterized in that a. a disc which increases the coefficient of friction is arranged between the inner rings, or that at least one of the inner rings has a coating that increases the friction, or b. A disc which increases the coefficient of friction is arranged between the outer part rings or that at least one of the outer part rings has a coating which increases the coefficient of friction Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 26 or 27 , characterized in that an adhesive is arranged between the partial inner rings or that an adhesive is arranged between the partial outer rings. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 26 , characterized in that the inner rings are produced by breaking an inner ring which is initially produced in one piece and / or in that the outer rings are produced by breaking an outer ring which is initially produced in one piece. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 28 , characterized in that in the circumferential direction in each case a filling body is arranged between adjacent rolling rollers and / or in each case between the next but one adjacent rolling rollers. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 31 , characterized in that the filling body has contact surfaces which are shaped complementary to the rolling rollers on which it rests. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 31 , characterized in that the filling body is designed as a filling body rolling roller which is arranged in the circumferential direction directly between the next but one adjacent rolling rollers. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 33 , characterized in that the packing roller is shorter in the direction of its axis of rotation than the roller. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 34 , characterized in that the filler roller is circular-cylindrical or frustoconical. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 35 , characterized in that there is at least one roller cage. Crossed roller bearings according to Claim 36 and after one of the Claims 31 to 35 , characterized in that the filling bodies form the rolling roller cage. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 37 , characterized in that the inner ring and / or the outer ring have a receptacle, in particular designed as a circumferential groove or recess, for a sealing ring, in particular for a shaft sealing ring. Crossed roller bearings according to one of the Claims 1 to 38 , characterized in that a. the inner ring has axial fastening bores, in particular through and / or threaded bores, for coupling the inner ring to other components, and / or that b. the outer ring has axial fastening bores, in particular through and / or threaded bores, for coupling the inner ring to other components. Method for, in particular automatic, filling of the rolling rollers in the rolling corridor of a crossed roller bearing according to one of the Claims 1 to 39 , characterized in that a. if the first filling channel and the second filling channel open into the same filling space of the rolling corridor, the rolling rollers are filled alternately through the first filling channel and through the second filling channel, with the inner ring being rotated further relative to the outer ring after each rolling roller has been filled in until the Filling space is free again, or that b. If the first filling channel and the second filling channel open into two different, in particular adjacent, filling spaces of the rolling corridor, one rolling roller each is filled through the first filling channel and one through the second filling channel, with the inner ring relative to the outer ring being so far in each case after the rolling rollers have been filled it continues to rotate until the filling areas are free again. Procedure according to Claim 40 , characterized in that a filling body is filled between the rolling rollers through one of the filling channels into the rolling corridor, the respective filling space being cleared again by rotating the inner ring relative to the outer ring after filling the filling body and before filling the next rolling roller . Procedure according to Claim 40 or 41 , characterized in that a. the first filler channel is closed with the first sealing plug after the roller has been filled in such that one end of the first sealing plug protrudes into the roller corridor and that the end is then removed by the roller until it is flush with the inner ring rotating relative to the outer ring will, and / or that b. the second filling channel is closed with the second stopper after the rolling rollers have been filled in such that one end of the second stopper protrudes into the rolling corridor and that the end is then removed by the rolling rollers until it is flush with the inner ring rotating relative to the outer ring becomes. Automat for carrying out a method according to one of the Claims 40 to 42 .

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