DE102019112876B3 - Fiber composite component, adapter unit, fiber optic sensor device and manufacturing process for this - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of a fiber composite component (1) made from a fiber composite material containing a fiber material and a matrix material, with a fiber optic sensor device (3) which has an optical waveguide (5) extending from a first optical waveguide end (7a) to a second optical waveguide end (7b) and has a light-guiding core (9), improved handling of the fiber composite component and the fiber-optic sensor device is achieved in that the sensor device (3) has at least one adapter unit (11) which has a receiving sleeve (13) with an interior (15), one of the optical waveguide ends (7a, 7b) being inserted into the interior space (15) and fixed therein, and - having an optoelectronic coupling device (17) integrated into the receiving sleeve (13), which has a light transmitting unit (21) and / or comprises a light receiving unit (23) and is set up to transmit an electrical input signal and / or to be electrically contacted with an electrical output signal, wherein the light transmitting unit (21) is set up to generate an optical input signal from the electrical input signal and to couple the optical input signal into the optical waveguide (5), and the light receiving unit (23) is set up to do so is to decouple an optical output signal from the optical waveguide (5) and generate the electrical output signal from the optical output signal, both the optical waveguide (5) and the at least one adapter unit (11) being embedded in the fiber composite component (1) and the fiber composite component (1) has an electrical line arrangement (25) which connects the optoelectronic coupling device (17) to an outer surface (27) of the fiber composite component (1) for transmitting the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal.

Description

The invention relates to a fiber composite component made from a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material, with a fiber optic sensor device that has an optical waveguide that extends from a first optical waveguide end to a second optical waveguide end and has a light-guiding core.

The invention also relates to an adapter unit for a fiber optic sensor device having an optical waveguide. The invention also relates to a fiber optic sensor device.

The invention also relates to a method for producing a fiber composite component from a fiber composite material which contains a fiber material and a matrix material.

Components made of a fiber composite material, so-called fiber composite components, have found widespread use in many areas due to their high specific strength and rigidity. This applies, for example, to vehicle construction, shipbuilding and, in particular, aircraft and spacecraft construction, since lightweight construction is particularly important here in order to be able to achieve savings in the consumption of fuel and other resources.

Fiber composite components are made from a fiber composite material that has a fiber material and a matrix material. In addition, the fiber composite material can have further components, as will be explained below. For the production of the fiber composite component, the fiber material is usually infiltrated with the matrix material before the matrix material is finally cured. As a result of the hardening, the matrix material forms an integral unit with the fiber material and with any other components of the fiber composite material that may be present. The hardening can take place in particular under the application of temperature and / or pressure, i.e. at elevated temperature and / or elevated pressure (so-called "tempering"). In particular, carbon fibers or glass fibers are used as fiber material, while thermoplastic and thermosetting matrix plastics are used as matrix material.

In addition to the fiber material and the matrix material, fiber composite materials can contain further components, in particular other materials. In the context of the present application, a fiber composite material is also understood to mean, in particular, a material which, in addition to the fiber material and the matrix material, has additional metal layers, e.g. Metal foils. Such a fiber composite material is also referred to as a hybrid material. Such a hybrid material is, for example, glass fiber reinforced aluminum (GLARE).

Both during the production of a fiber composite component and during its subsequent testing or when monitoring the fiber composite component in its intended use, it may be desirable for various purposes to measure physical quantities within the fiber composite component. This can in particular relate to the detection and / or monitoring of mechanical stresses and deformations, in particular expansions, within the component. However, for example, detection and / or monitoring of a temperature within the component can also be of interest.

It is known from the prior art to use fiber optic sensors for this purpose. A light emitting unit, e.g. a light emitting diode (LED), an optical signal (light signal), the optical input signal, fed into the optical fiber. An optical output signal, which can be a reflected or transmitted optical signal (light signal), is detected by means of a light receiving unit, e.g. a photodiode or some other light sensor. From the optical output signal, in particular from the changes in the optical output signal, conclusions can be drawn about the physical quantity to be measured and / or its changes, e.g. on a state of elongation in the interior of the fiber composite component.

In the field of fiber optic sensor technology, fiber Bragg gratings (Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG) are used in particular. These are optical interference filters inscribed in optical waveguides, which reflect light of a certain wavelength through periodic modulation of the refractive index. A change in the wavelength of the reflected light can then be used to draw conclusions about the physical quantity to be measured, e.g. a stretch or a temperature.

When using fiber optic sensors to measure physical quantities in fiber composite components, it has hitherto been necessary to lead the optical waveguide used as a fiber optic sensor out of the fiber composite component and to make optical contact outside the component. For this purpose, a splice connection is usually made with the optical waveguide end led out of the fiber composite component, around the optical waveguide with a so-called interrogator to connect, which functions as a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit.

For example, from the DE 10 2014 200 954 A1 a method and an associated system for detecting local mechanical loads in a fiber composite component are known. The system has an optical waveguide as a fiber optic sensor, which is arranged in the component. At least one end of the optical waveguide, ie one optical waveguide end, is arranged on the component so that it is accessible from the outside. Furthermore, devices arranged outside the component are provided which couple light pulses into the externally accessible end of the optical waveguide and detect and evaluate the light emerging from the externally accessible optical waveguide end.

From the US 8,964,172 B1 as well as from the EP 1 353 206 B1 Similar systems with optical waveguides embedded in fiber composite components and associated manufacturing processes are known.

In addition, from the US 2002/0 172 470 A1 a fiber optic connector which is used to connect an internal optical waveguide embedded in a fiber composite component to an external optical waveguide, and a method for embedding such a fiber optic connector in a fiber composite component are known.

Such systems, which use fiber optic sensors for fiber composite components, have proven themselves in practice and have already been used successfully for investigations into damage analysis, for process monitoring or for determining mechanical / thermal parameters in fiber composite materials.

The methods and systems known from the prior art are, however, also associated with a number of disadvantages, which are caused by the fact that the optical waveguide has to be led out of the fiber composite component. The filigree and sensitive optical waveguide must be protected from damage, especially during the manufacture of the fiber composite component, which makes the manufacturing process considerably more difficult. Problems arise here, for example, when cutting the fiber composite component to size and straightening the edges, since consideration must be given to the optical waveguide.

In addition, the use of fiber optic sensors in the context of component production has so far required that the optical waveguide be led out of the production structure. Since the production setup is usually a vacuum setup that must be sealed against its surroundings in a pressure-tight manner, this is accompanied by considerable process uncertainties.

Further disadvantages relate to the handling of the optical interface, which is provided by the optical waveguide end led out of the fiber composite component. The splice connections customary for connection to the fiber optic cable end are complex and expensive and prone to malfunctions, since a defective splice connection can lead to faulty or unusable measurement signals. Optical connectors, e.g. used to connect to an interrogator are very sensitive to mechanical and thermal influences.

Starting from this, the object of the present invention is to provide a possibility for using the fiber optic sensor system for fiber composite components which overcomes the disadvantages explained above.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a fiber composite component having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

It is proposed that the fiber-optic sensor device of the fiber composite component have at least one adapter unit. The adapter unit has a receiving sleeve with an interior space, one of the optical waveguide ends being inserted into the interior space and fixed therein. The adapter unit also has an optoelectronic coupling device integrated in the receiving sleeve, which comprises a light transmitting unit and / or a light receiving unit and is set up to be electrically contacted for the transmission of an electrical input signal and / or an electrical output signal. The light transmission unit is set up to generate an optical input signal from the electrical input signal and to couple the optical input signal into the optical waveguide. The light receiving unit is set up to decouple an optical output signal from the optical waveguide and to generate the electrical output signal from the optical output signal.

In addition, it is provided according to the invention that both the optical waveguide and the at least one adapter unit are embedded in the fiber composite component. The fiber composite component also has an electrical line arrangement which connects the optoelectronic coupling device to an outer surface of the fiber composite component for transmitting the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal.

The optical waveguide end introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve can be fixed in the interior of the receiving sleeve in a manner known per se, for example by gluing and / or by crimping.

The optoelectronic coupling device of the adapter unit integrated into the receiving sleeve is arranged so that the light transmitting unit can couple the optical input signal into the optical waveguide and the light receiving unit can couple the optical output signal out of the optical waveguide.

The optical output signal as such and in particular changes in the optical output signal allow conclusions to be drawn about physical variables within the fiber composite component according to the principle of fiber optic sensor technology explained above, e.g. to a temperature, an expansion and / or some other deformation within the fiber composite component. The optical output signal can be a reflected optical output signal and / or a transmitted optical output signal. For example, it is possible to draw conclusions about the physical variable to be measured from the wavelength or from the spectrum of the reflected optical output signal. It is also possible to draw conclusions about the physical variable to be measured from the spectrum of the transmitted optical output signal, namely on the basis of the frequency components filtered out of this spectrum.

The optoelectronic coupling device integrated in the receiving sleeve is set up to be electrically contacted for the transmission of the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal. The electrical contact is made from the outside, e.g. via an outer wall of the adapter unit, in particular via an outer wall of the receiving sleeve. For this purpose, the outer wall of the adapter unit, in particular the receiving sleeve, can for example have an electrical contacting device that is electrically connected to the optoelectronic coupling device integrated in the receiving sleeve, in particular to the light transmitting unit and / or the light receiving unit. The electrical contacting device can e.g. be designed in the form of contact points or have contact points. The contacting device can then be connected to the electrical line arrangement in a manner known per se, e.g. by soldering or by means of a plug connection. The optoelectronic coupling device integrated in the receiving sleeve with the light transmitting unit and / or the light receiving unit can accordingly be electrically contacted in such a way that the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal can be transmitted between the optoelectronic coupling device and the outer surface of the fiber composite component.

The electrical line arrangement guided in this way to the outer surface of the fiber composite component can be electrically contacted on the outer surface of the fiber composite component in order, on the one hand, to be able to supply electrical input signals to the fiber-optic sensor device and, on the other hand, to be able to detect and evaluate electrical output signals.

The invention is based on the knowledge that the transmission of electrical signals and the lines and contacts required for this during the production, testing and intended use of a fiber composite component are much easier to handle than the transmission of optical signals and the lines and contacts required for this .

The invention overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages from the prior art known fiber optic sensor devices for fiber composite components in that it enables a conversion of electrical signals into optical signals and vice versa in the interior of the fiber composite component. This is achieved in that the optical waveguide and the at least one adapter unit are embedded in the fiber composite component. The optical waveguide and the at least one adapter unit of the fiber-optic sensor device are thus designed to be structurally integrated. This advantageously eliminates the need to lead the optical waveguide out of the fiber composite component. In addition, there is no need for splice connections and optical plug connections, since electrical contact can be made with the fiber-optic sensor device. For this purpose, for example, an electrical line can be connected to the electrical line arrangement led to the outer surface of the fiber composite component by means of a soldered connection, a clamp connection or a plug connection.

The possible uses of the invention are extremely diverse. A use for process monitoring in the manufacture of a fiber composite component is particularly conceivable. The disadvantages mentioned at the beginning, which result from the fact that in previously known systems the optical waveguide has to be led out of the production structure, which is usually a vacuum structure, can be overcome because electrical contacting of the fiber composite component within the production structure can be made much more easily and therefore guarantees significantly higher process reliability. In this way, fiber optic Sensor technology can be integrated into industrial production processes much more easily, opening up new possibilities for using fiber optic sensors in industrial environments. A further possible application of the invention is its use for the metrological examination of a fiber composite component after completion of manufacture, for example for determining mechanical and / or thermal characteristic values.

In addition, the invention opens up new application possibilities for fiber optic sensors in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) of fiber composite components, i.e. for determining and monitoring the condition of the fiber composite component during its intended use. The use of fiber optic sensors for structural health monitoring has so far only found a minor widespread use due to the poor integrability of the systems known from the prior art, which is limited to applications in which the integrability of the fiber optic measuring system only plays a subordinate role. The present invention, however, enables the implementation of a fiber optic sensor system that is easy to integrate and therefore inexpensive to provide in the field of structural health monitoring, e.g. for use in aircraft structures. A particularly significant possible use of the invention therefore lies in its use for structural health monitoring of a fiber composite component.

Another advantage of the invention is that by integrating the optoelectronic coupling device into the receiving sleeve, a particularly effective and loss-free coupling and decoupling of the optical signals into the optical waveguide and from the optical waveguide can be achieved. This is achieved in that the receiving sleeve enables particularly precise positioning of the optical waveguide introduced into the receiving sleeve relative to the light transmitting unit and / or light receiving unit integrated in the receiving sleeve. In addition, the receiving sleeve protects the integrated optoelectronic coupling device from mechanical damage.

• - die optoelektronische Koppeleinrichtung der ersten Adaptereinheit eine Lichtsendeeinheit umfasst und das erste Lichtwellenleiterende in den Innenraum der Aufnahmehülse der ersten Adaptereinheit eingeführt und darin fixiert ist und
• - die optoelektronische Koppeleinrichtung der zweiten Adaptereinheit eine Lichtempfangseinheit umfasst und das zweite Lichtwellenleiterende in den Innenraum der Aufnahmehülse der zweiten Adaptereinheit eingeführt und darin fixiert ist.

In an advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the sensor device has at least a first and a second adapter unit, wherein

• - The optoelectronic coupling device of the first adapter unit comprises a light transmission unit and the first optical waveguide end is introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve of the first adapter unit and fixed therein and
• - The optoelectronic coupling device of the second adapter unit comprises a light receiving unit and the second optical waveguide end is introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve of the second adapter unit and is fixed therein.

It is therefore proposed to provide adapter units at both ends of the optical waveguide and to use the light transmitted through the optical waveguide as an optical output signal (transmitted optical output signal) for the fiber-optic sensor system. For this purpose, the optical input signal is generated from the electrical input signal by means of the light transmission unit of the first adapter unit and is coupled into the optical waveguide at the first optical waveguide end. By means of the light receiving unit of the second adapter unit, the transmitted optical output signal is decoupled from the optical waveguide at the second optical waveguide end and the electrical output signal is generated therefrom.

Such a development of the invention offers the advantage that the adapter units allow a particularly simple structural design, since the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit can be arranged in different adapter units. At the same time, the transmission measurement implemented in this way enables reliable measurement and / or monitoring of physical quantities, e.g. Stress, strain and / or temperature within the fiber composite component.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that at least one fiber Bragg grating is inscribed in the optical waveguide.

Such a further development of the invention offers the advantage that it allows a very reliable measurement of strain, temperature or other physical quantities using a proven and widely used measurement method.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that several locally distributed fiber Bragg gratings are inscribed in the optical waveguide, the fiber Bragg gratings being set up so that each fiber Bragg grating reflects light of a different wavelength.

Such a development of the invention offers the advantage that strain, temperature or other physical variables can be measured at different positions within the fiber composite component with the aid of a single optical waveguide. This is achieved in that each of the fiber Bragg gratings written in the optical waveguide reflects light of a different wavelength, so that from the spectrum of the optical Output signal can be concluded at which position within the fiber composite component an action on the optical waveguide has taken place, which is reflected in a change in the wavelength of the light reflected by the respective fiber Bragg grating. In this way, a locally distributed fiber optic sensor device can advantageously be implemented with a single optical waveguide, with each individual fiber Bragg grating acting as a sensor at a specific position of the fiber composite component. A fiber optic sensor bus is thus practically implemented.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the adapter unit is set up to align the core of the optical waveguide introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve in an axially aligned manner with the light transmitting unit and / or with the light receiving unit.

In particular, it can be provided that the cross section of the interior of the receiving sleeve corresponds exactly to the cross section of the optical waveguide end that is inserted into the receiving sleeve or that can be inserted into the receiving sleeve.

In an advantageous further development of the invention, in this context the light transmitting unit or the light receiving unit can be arranged centered with respect to the cross section of the interior of the receiving sleeve. In this way, it is particularly easy to align the core of the optical waveguide introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve, which is basically centered in the cross section of the optical waveguide, axially to the light transmitting unit or to the light receiving unit.

Such developments of the invention, in which the adapter unit is set up to align the core of the optical waveguide axially in alignment with the light transmitting unit and / or with the light receiving unit, offer the advantage that a particularly effective and low-loss coupling and decoupling of the optical signals in the Optical waveguide or from the optical waveguide can be achieved. This achieves a high quality of the measurement results and a low power consumption of the optoelectronic coupling.

In addition, it is advantageously possible in this way that the cross section of the light transmitting unit in the area of the light exit essentially corresponds to the cross section of the core of the optical waveguide and / or the cross section of the light receiving unit in the area of the light inlet essentially corresponds to the cross section of the core of the optical waveguide. The longest dimension of the light emitting unit in the area of the light exit and / or the light receiving unit in the area of the light entry can be, for example, smaller than 50 µm, in particular smaller than 25 µm, in particular smaller than 15 µm, in particular smaller than 10 µm, in particular smaller than 8 µm. As a result, on the one hand, a high energy efficiency of the optoelectronic coupling can be achieved and, on the other hand, a particularly high degree of miniaturization of the adapter unit, which ensures that it can be easily integrated into the fiber composite component.

• - das optische Eingangssignal von der Lichtsendeeinheit zum Kern des in den Innenraum der Aufnahmehülse eingeführten Lichtwellenleiters zu leiten und
• - das optische Ausgangssignal vom Kern des in den Innenraum der Aufnahmehülse eingeführten Lichtwellenleiters zu der Lichtempfangseinheit zu leiten.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the adapter unit comprises both a light transmitting unit and a light receiving unit and comprises an optical branching unit which is set up to

• - To conduct the optical input signal from the light transmission unit to the core of the optical waveguide introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve and
• - To conduct the optical output signal from the core of the optical waveguide introduced into the interior of the receiving sleeve to the light receiving unit.

The optical branching unit can include, for example, an optical prism or several optical prisms.

Such a development of the invention offers the possibility of both coupling the optical input signal into the optical waveguide and decoupling the reflected optical output signal from the optical waveguide at one of the two optical waveguide ends. A reflection measurement can thus be carried out. This offers the advantage that only one of the two optical waveguide ends is provided with an adapter unit and has to be electrically contacted, which results in a simpler electrical line routing within the fiber composite component and thus a simpler design of the electrical line arrangement.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that all components of the adapter unit, in particular the receiving sleeve and the optoelectronic coupling device, are temperature-resistant to temperatures of more than 75 ° C, in particular more than 100 ° C, in particular more than 125 ° C, in particular more than 150 ° C, in particular more than 200 ° C, in particular more than 250 ° C, in particular more than 300 ° C, in particular more than 350 ° C, in particular more than 400 ° C.

The temperature resistance of the components of the adapter unit can be achieved by using, for example, a high temperature resistant material as the material for these components thermoplastic plastic is used, e.g. polyetheretherketone (PEEK). In particular, the receiving sleeve can advantageously be made from such a high-temperature-resistant plastic, for example from PEEK.

Such a development of the invention with temperature-resistant components of the adapter unit offers the advantage that the adapter unit according to the invention can also be used for fiber composite components whose fiber composite material is cured at correspondingly high temperatures during the manufacturing process. Such curing at high temperatures is desirable because the material properties of the fiber composite component can be improved by an increased temperature.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the optical waveguide end is inserted into the interior space in the axial direction and the adapter unit has at least one extension running perpendicular to the axial direction which is at most 1.0 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm , in particular at most 0.4 mm, in particular at most 0.3 mm, in particular at most 0.2 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm. Such an extension running perpendicular to the axial direction can be, for example, a diameter of the adapter unit or a height of the adapter unit.

Such a development of the invention offers the advantage that with a conventional fiber layer thickness of the fiber composite material, the z. B. can be approximately between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm, the adapter unit can be embedded in the fiber composite component that it extends only over a few fiber layers or even only over a single fiber layer. In this way, the mechanical properties of the fiber composite component, in particular its rigidity and strength, are not significantly influenced by the embedding of the adapter unit.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the adapter unit has at least one electrically conductive mandrel, which is attached to the receiving sleeve and extends away from the receiving sleeve, the at least one mandrel forming the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof and the fiber composite material penetrates to the outer surface of the fiber composite component.

It is therefore proposed that the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof required to connect the optoelectronic coupling device to the outer surface of the fiber composite component is realized in that the adapter unit has at least one electrically conductive mandrel, e.g. a metallic mandrel, which pierces all layers of the fiber composite material up to the outer surface of the fiber composite component. Such a development of the invention offers the advantage that there is no need to introduce additional electrical lines into the fiber composite component. As a result, the effort and the costs of producing the fiber composite component can be reduced.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the electrical line arrangement comprises at least one wiring line embedded in the fiber composite component for transmitting the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal. Such a wiring line can be a single-core or a multi-core wiring line. The wiring line can be designed, for example, as wire or stranded wire, as a plastic core line, ribbon cable or sheathed cable.

Such a development of the invention is associated with increased effort in the production of the fiber composite component, but it offers the advantage that the wiring line can achieve a high signal quality of the transmitted electrical signals, which has a positive effect on the measurement accuracy.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber composite material has several material layers, with at least one of the material layers being an electrically conductive material layer which forms the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber composite material has an electrically conductive fiber material and the electrically conductive material layer is formed from the electrically conductive fiber material. Such an electrically conductive fiber material can be a carbon fiber material, for example.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber composite material is designed as a hybrid material and has an electrically conductive metal material in addition to the fiber material and the matrix material, the electrically conductive material layer being formed from the metal material. The electrically conductive material layer made of the metal material can advantageously be designed as a metal foil, in particular as a thin metal foil.

Such developments of the invention, in which at least one electrically conductive material layer forms the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof, offer the advantage that they allow a comparatively simple production of the fiber composite component and at the same time a reliable electrical connection between the optoelectronic coupling device and the outer surface of the fiber composite component provide. For this purpose, it is sufficient that the at least one electrically conductive material layer is arranged in the fiber composite component in such a way that it makes electrical contact with the optoelectronic coupling device, e.g. at a contact point on the outer wall of the receiving sleeve, and on the other hand up to the outer surface of the fiber composite component extends.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the electrical line arrangement comprises several electrical lines and the fiber composite material has several electrically conductive material layers which are electrically isolated from one another and form the electrical lines of the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof.

Such a further development of the invention offers the advantage that an electrical line arrangement with a plurality of electrical lines that can carry different electrical potentials can be implemented in a simple manner. Such a plurality of electrical leads is usually required to carry both the electrical input signal and the electrical output signal, e.g. in the form of an electrical voltage can be transmitted between the outer surface of the fiber composite component and the optoelectronic coupling device. For this purpose, the electrical line arrangement can advantageously have at least three electrical lines, in particular exactly three electrical lines. It is also conceivable that the electrical line arrangement has at least four electrical lines, in particular exactly four electrical lines.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber composite material has several material layers with alternating glass fiber layers and metal layers, the metal layers forming the electrical lines of the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof. The metal layers can in particular be aluminum layers. The fiber composite material can in particular be a glass fiber reinforced aluminum composite material (GLARE). The metal layers, in particular the aluminum layers, can each be formed by a film, in particular by a thin film.

As an alternative to this, in a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber composite material has several material layers with alternating carbon fiber layers and metal layers, which are electrically insulated from one another. The metal layers form the electrical lines of the electrical line arrangement or a part thereof. The metal layers can in particular be steel layers. Here, too, the metal layers, in particular the steel layers, can each be formed from a foil, in particular from a thin foil.

Such developments of the invention, in which the fiber composite material has alternating layers of the type explained above, offer the advantage that the mentioned material combinations have been tried and tested in practice and combine satisfactory mechanical properties of the fiber composite component with good suitability for transmitting electrical signals.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the electrical line arrangement comprises several electrical lines and at least one electrically conductive material layer has several electrically conductive segments which are electrically insulated from one another and each form an electrical line of the electrical line arrangement.

Such a development of the invention offers the advantage that it allows the realization of several electrical lines, which can carry different electrical potentials, within a single electrically conductive material layer. As a result, an electrical connection of the optoelectronic coupling device to the outer surface of the fiber composite component can be realized with a smaller number of electrically conductive material layers, in the minimum case even with a single electrically conductive material layer. The structure of the fiber composite component according to the invention is considerably simplified in this way.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber composite component has an electrical connector on its surface, which is connected to the electrical line arrangement.

Such a development of the invention offers the advantage that it enables a particularly simple and detachable contacting of the fiber composite component from the outside in order to establish the electrical connection with the optoelectronic coupling device.

• - eine Aufnahmehülse mit einem Innenraum aufweist, die dazu eingerichtet ist, dass ein Lichtwellenleiterende in den Innenraum eingeführt und darin fixiert werden kann, und
• - eine in die Aufnahmehülse integrierte optoelektronische Koppeleinrichtung aufweist, die eine Lichtsendeeinheit und/oder eine Lichtempfangseinheit umfasst und dazu eingerichtet ist, zur Übertragung eines elektrischen Eingangssignals und/oder eines elektrischen Ausgangssignals von außen elektrisch kontaktiert zu werden, wobei die Lichtsendeeinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, aus dem elektrischen Eingangssignal ein optisches Eingangssignal zu erzeugen und das optische Eingangssignal in den Lichtwellenleiter einzukoppeln, und wobei die Lichtempfangseinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, ein optisches Ausgangssignal aus dem Lichtwellenleiter auszukoppeln und aus dem optischen Ausgangssignal das elektrische Ausgangssignal zu erzeugen, und
• - dazu eingerichtet ist, mit dem Lichtwellenleiter eingebettet zu werden in ein aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff, der ein Fasermaterial und ein Matrixmaterial enthält, hergestelltes Faserverbundbauteil.

The object mentioned at the beginning is also achieved according to the invention by a Adapter unit for a fiber optic sensor device having an optical waveguide, the adapter unit

• - has a receiving sleeve with an interior space, which is set up so that an optical waveguide end can be introduced into the interior space and fixed therein, and
• - Has an optoelectronic coupling device integrated into the receiving sleeve, which comprises a light transmitting unit and / or a light receiving unit and is configured to be electrically contacted from the outside for the transmission of an electrical input signal and / or an electrical output signal, the light transmitting unit being configured to off to generate an optical input signal from the electrical input signal and to couple the optical input signal into the optical waveguide, and wherein the light receiving unit is configured to couple an optical output signal from the optical waveguide and to generate the electrical output signal from the optical output signal, and
• - Is set up to be embedded with the optical waveguide in a fiber composite component made from a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material.

In an advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the adapter unit has the features of the adapter unit of the fiber optic sensor device of the fiber composite component according to the invention of the type explained above.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the optical waveguide end can be inserted into the interior space in the axial direction and the adapter unit has at least one extension running perpendicular to the axial direction that is at most 1.0 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm , in particular at most 0.4 mm, in particular at most 0.3 mm, in particular at most 0.2 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm.

In a further advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the adapter unit has at least one electrically conductive mandrel which is attached to the receiving sleeve and extends away from the receiving sleeve, the at least one mandrel being designed to support the fiber composite material up to when the fiber composite component is manufactured to pierce an outer surface of the fiber composite component and to connect the optoelectronic coupling device to the outer surface of the fiber composite component for transmission of the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal.

With regard to the advantages of such an adapter unit according to the invention and its advantageous developments, reference can be made to the statements relating to the fiber composite component according to the invention.

The above-mentioned object is also achieved by a fiber-optic sensor device which has at least one adapter unit of the type explained above and has an optical waveguide that extends from a first optical waveguide end to a second optical waveguide end, one of the optical waveguide ends entering the interior of the receiving sleeve of the adapter unit is introduced and fixed therein and wherein the fiber-optic sensor device is set up to be embedded in a fiber composite component produced from a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material.

In an advantageous development of the invention it is provided that the fiber optic sensor device has the features of the sensor device of the fiber composite component according to the invention of the type explained above.

With regard to the advantages of such a fiber optic sensor device according to the invention and its advantageous developments, reference can be made to the statements relating to the fiber composite component according to the invention.

The above-mentioned object is also achieved by a method for producing a fiber composite component from a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material, a fiber-optic sensor device of the type explained above being embedded in the fiber composite component before the matrix material hardens.

The object mentioned at the beginning is further achieved by using an adapter unit of the type explained above and / or a fiber-optic sensor device of the type explained above for process monitoring during the production of a fiber composite component.

The object mentioned at the beginning is also achieved by using a Adapter unit of the type explained above and / or a fiber-optic sensor device of the type explained above for the metrological examination of a fiber composite component.

The object mentioned at the beginning is also achieved by using an adapter unit of the type explained above and / or a fiber-optic sensor device of the type explained above for structural health monitoring of a fiber composite component.

• 1 - eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Faserverbundbauteils;
• 2 - einen Längsschnitt einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Adaptereinheit mit einem eingeführten Lichtwellenleiter;
• 3 - eine schematische Explosivdarstellung einer Faserlage des Faserverbundbauteils mit Adaptereinheit und Lichtwellenleiter;
• 4 - eine schematische Darstellung einer Faserlage des Faserverbundbauteils mit Adaptereinheit und in die Adaptereinheit eingeführtem Lichtwellenleiter;
• 5 - eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform der elektrischen Leitungsanordnung mit Verdrahtungsleitungen;
• 6 - eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform der elektrischen Leitungsanordnung mit elektrisch leitfähigen Materialschichten;
• 7 - eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform der Adaptereinheit mit elektrisch leitfähigen Dornen;
• 8 - einen Längsschnitt und einen Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Adaptereinheit.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 - A schematic sectional view of a fiber composite component according to the invention;
• 2 - A longitudinal section of an embodiment of the adapter unit according to the invention with an inserted optical waveguide;
• 3 - A schematic exploded view of a fiber layer of the fiber composite component with adapter unit and optical waveguide;
• 4th a schematic representation of a fiber layer of the fiber composite component with adapter unit and optical waveguide introduced into the adapter unit;
• 5 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the electrical line arrangement with wiring lines;
• 6th - a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the electrical line arrangement with electrically conductive material layers;
• 7th - A schematic representation of an embodiment of the adapter unit with electrically conductive spikes;
• 8th - A longitudinal section and a cross section of a further embodiment of the adapter unit according to the invention.

The 1 shows a fiber composite component according to the invention in a schematic sectional view 1 , which is made of a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material. It can be seen that the fiber composite component 1 a plurality of fiber layers 19th , ie a plurality of material layers. In the schematic representation of the 1 are only seven fiber layers for simplicity 19th shown, actually can the fiber composite component 1 in a manner known per se, however, a much larger number of fiber layers 19th include. The fiber layer thickness of the fiber composite component 1 , ie the height of the individual fiber layers 19th , is in the 1 embodiment shown approximately 0.2 mm.

Furthermore, in the 1 recognizable that the fiber composite component 1 a fiber optic sensor device 3 having. The fiber optic sensor device 3 has an optical fiber 5 on that extends from a first optical fiber end 7a up to a second fiber optic end 7b extends and a light-guiding core 9 Has. In the fiber optic cable 5 , namely in the light-guiding core 9 of the optical fiber 5 , a plurality of locally distributed fiber Bragg gratings are inscribed, the fiber Bragg gratings being set up in such a way that each fiber Bragg grating reflects light of a different wavelength. The fiber optic sensor device 3 also has two adapter units 11 on.

All of the fiber optic sensor equipment 3 , especially the optical fiber 3 and the two adapter units 11 are in the embodiment of 1 in the area of the middle fiber layer 19th completely into the fiber composite component 1 embedded. By means of the in the fiber composite component 1 embedded fiber optic sensor device 3 it is possible to detect deformations within the fiber composite component 1 , in particular expansion within the fiber composite component 1 to record by measurement. For this purpose, an optical input signal can be applied to the first optical waveguide end 7a into the light-guiding core 9 of the optical fiber 5 are coupled and at the second optical fiber end 7b a transmitted, optical output signal from the light-guiding core 9 of the optical fiber 5 be decoupled. By analyzing the spectrum of the optical output signal, deformations and in particular expansions within the fiber composite component can be identified 1 be measured.

The first adapter unit 11 is with the first fiber optic end 7a connected and set up to one of the first adapter unit 11 to convert supplied electrical input signal into an optical input signal. For this purpose, the one with the first optical waveguide end 7a connected adapter unit 11 an optoelectronic coupling device (in 1 not shown) with a light transmission unit, wherein the light transmission unit is set up to generate the optical input signal from the electrical input signal and the optical input signal into the optical waveguide 5 , namely in the light-guiding core 9 of the optical fiber 5 to couple. The second adapter unit 11 is with the second fiber optic end 7b connected and set up to one of the adapter unit 11 to convert the supplied optical output signal into an electrical output signal. For this purpose, the one with the second optical waveguide end 7b connected adapter unit 11 an optoelectronic coupling device (in 1 not shown) with a light receiving unit. The light receiving unit is set up to receive the optical output signal from the optical waveguide 5 , namely from the light-guiding core 9 of the optical fiber 5 , and to generate the electrical output signal from the optical output signal.

The fiber composite component 1 also has an electrical conductor arrangement 25th on. The two optoelectronic coupling devices of the two adapter units 11 are about the electrical wiring arrangement 25th contactable from outside. In the 1 is shown schematically that the electrical line arrangement 25th the two adapter units 11 , in particular the two optoelectronic coupling devices of the two adapter devices 11 , each electrical with an outer surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 connects. About the electrical line arrangement 25th can receive the electrical input signal from the surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 to the one with the first optical fiber end 7a connected first adapter unit and the electrical output signal can be transmitted from the with the second optical fiber end 7b connected second adapter unit 11 to the surface 27 of the fiber composite component are transferred.

In the in the 1 The embodiment shown is the fiber composite component 1 designed so that the optical fiber 5 and the adapter units 11 the fiber optic sensor device 3 in the middle fiber layer 19th are embedded, the optical fiber 5 and the adapter units 11 in a parallel to the alignment of the fiber layers 19th guided cut through the middle fiber layer 19th be surrounded on all sides by the fiber composite material. In other embodiments, however, it is also possible that one or more adapter units 11 within the fiber layer 19th to the surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 extend. It is also possible that the fiber-optic sensor device 3 with the fiber optic cable 5 and the at least one adapter unit 11 over several fiber layers 19th of the fiber composite component 1 extends.

The 2 shows a longitudinal section of an adapter unit according to the invention 11 . It can be seen that the adapter unit 11 a receiving sleeve 13 with an interior 15th having. In the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 the adapter unit 11 is the fiber optic end 7a of the optical fiber 5 introduced. The end of the fiber optic cable is glued in 7a in the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 fixed.

It can also be seen that the adapter unit 11 one in the receiving sleeve 13 integrated optoelectronic coupling device 17th having. The optoelectronic coupling device 17th comprises in this exemplary embodiment a light transmission unit 21st with an LED 39 that are on a circuit board 37 is arranged with the necessary control electronics. The light emitting unit 21st is set up to generate an optical input signal from an electrical input signal and the optical input signal into the optical waveguide 5 , namely in the light-guiding core 9 of the optical fiber 5 to couple. Can be seen in the 2 that the adapter unit 11 this is set up to the core 9 des in the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 imported optical fiber 5 axially aligned with the light transmitter unit 21st , namely axially aligned with the LED 39 to align. This is the purpose of the LED 39 in terms of the cross section of the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 centered. In addition, the adapter unit is designed so that the optical waveguide 5 so far in the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 that the light-guiding core can be introduced 9 in the area of the fiber optic end 7a the light emitting unit 21st touched or nearly touched.

The ones in the 2 adapter unit shown 11 is set up to do this with the fiber optic cable 5 To be embedded in a fiber composite component that is made from a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material. In order to enable the matrix material to harden at high temperatures during the production of the fiber composite component, all components of the adapter unit are in this exemplary embodiment 11 , especially the receiving sleeve 13 and the optoelectronic coupling device 17th , temperature resistant to temperatures of more than 150 ° C. For this purpose, the receiving sleeve is made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Production can take place, for example, using a 3D printing process.

Furthermore, the 2 recognize that the fiber optic end 7a in the axial direction A into the interior 15th is inserted and the adapter unit 11 has an extension D perpendicular to the axial direction A. In this exemplary embodiment, the dimension D is 0.2 mm and thus approximately corresponds to the fiber layer thickness of the fiber composite component 1 .

In the 2 is thus an embodiment of an adapter unit according to the invention 11 with a light emitting unit 11 shown. As an alternative or in addition to this, the adapter unit 11 also comprise a light receiving unit, which can be designed, for example, as a photodiode with a circuit board on which the associated control electronics are arranged. The structure of an adapter unit according to the invention 11 with a light receiving unit instead of a light transmitting unit corresponds to that in FIG 2 structure shown, taking the place of the light emitting unit 21st the light receiving unit 23 occurs and takes the place of the LED, for example, the photodiode.

The 3 shows schematically in an exploded view an embodiment of the adapter unit according to the invention 11 with an associated fiber optic cable 5 is embedded in a fiber composite component. One is shown Fiber layer 19th of the fiber composite component comprising several fiber layers 1 , the fiber layer 19th several fiber bundles (rovings) 41 includes. Between two fiber bundles 41 is the adapter unit 11 arranged, in accordance with the previously explained embodiments, a receiving sleeve 13 with an interior 15th has, in which the optical fiber end 7a of the optical fiber 5 can be introduced and fixed therein.

In addition, the adapter unit 11 in the in the 3 embodiment shown a contacting device 35 with two contact points, by means of which the into the receiving sleeve 13 integrated optoelectronic coupling device 17th can be electrically contacted from the outside. The representation of the 4th largely agrees with the representation of the 3 match. In contrast to the 3 is in the 4th However, no exploded view is shown, but it can be seen that the optical waveguide 5 with the adapter unit 11 connected is. For this purpose, the fiber optic end was made 7a in the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 the adapter unit 11 introduced and fixed in it.

Incidentally, regarding the 3 and 4th to the comments on the 1 and 2 to get expelled.

The 5 shows in one to the 3 and 4th ajar representation of the adapter unit according to the invention 11 with a first embodiment of the electrical line arrangement 25th . The electrical line arrangement 25th connects the into the receiving sleeve 13 integrated optoelectronic coupling device (in 5 not shown) with the outer surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 for transmitting the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal.

In the first embodiment of the electrical line arrangement 25th that are in the 5 shown includes the electrical conduit assembly 25th two in the fiber composite component 1 embedded wiring lines 31 , via which the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal can be transmitted.

The wiring lines 31 are designed in this embodiment as isolated individual wires, wherein the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal can be transmitted as a potential difference between the electrical potentials of the two individual wires.

The two wiring lines 31 are for this purpose each by a soldered connection with one of the two contact points of the contacting device 35 connected. Starting from the contacting device 35 are the two wiring lines 31 the electrical line arrangement 25th to the outer surface 27 of the fiber composite component guided to the outer surface 27 electrically conductive with the adapter unit 11 connect to.

The 6th shows in one of the 5 corresponding representation in a fiber composite component 1 embedded adapter unit 11 in connection with a second embodiment of the electrical line arrangement 25th . It can be seen that the fiber composite material of the fiber composite component 1 in this embodiment a plurality of material layers 19th , 33 having, wherein a plurality of the material layers as electrically conductive material layers 33 are trained. The electrically conductive material layers 33 form the electrical line arrangement 25th of the fiber composite component 1 .

In the in the 6th The embodiment shown are the electrically conductive material layers 33 designed as aluminum layers, which alternate with the fiber layers 19th , which are designed as glass fiber layers. In this exemplary embodiment, the fiber composite material is accordingly a hybrid material which, in addition to the fiber material and the matrix material, has an electrically conductive metal material, from which the electrically conductive material layers 33 are formed.

Can be seen in the 6th that the electrical line arrangement 25th comprises several electrical lines, each made of one of the aluminum layers 33 are formed. Since the fiberglass material is a non-conductive material, the layers are aluminum 3 , ie the electrically conductive material layers, are insulated from one another by the glass fiber material, so that no further insulation is required. In other exemplary embodiments, which, for example, provide an alternating arrangement of carbon fiber layers and steel layers or other metal layers, an additional insulation layer can be provided between a carbon fiber layer and a metal layer.

One of the two in each 6th aluminum layers shown 33 contacts a contact point of the contacting device 35 . The aluminum layers 33 each extend to the outer surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 . Every aluminum layer 33 thus functions as an electrical line of the electrical line arrangement 25th showing the outer surface 27 connects to the transmission of the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal with the adapter unit.

The 7th shows a further embodiment of a schematic exploded view Fiber composite component 1 with an adapter unit embedded therein 11 and a fiber optic cable embedded therein 5 . In a departure from the exemplary embodiments shown above, the adapter unit 11 im in the 7th embodiment shown two electrically conductive mandrels 29 on that to the receiving sleeve 13 the adapter unit 11 are attached and from the receiving sleeve 13 extend away. There is one mandrel each 29 to a contacting point of the contacting device 35 scheduled. The thorns 29 are set up to extend the fiber composite material to the outer surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 to pierce, ie all fiber layers 19th of the fiber composite component 1 to pierce. This is how the thorns create 29 an electrical connection between the adapter unit 11 , namely between the in the receiving sleeve 13 integrated coupling device 17th the adapter unit 11 , and the outer surface 27 of the fiber composite component 1 . The electrical line arrangement 25th is thus in this embodiment by the mandrels 29 formed so on wiring lines 31 or electrically conductive material layers 33 can be dispensed with. But it is also conceivable that the electrical line arrangement 25th is formed by one or more mandrels 29 and / or one or more wiring lines 31 and / or one or more conductive material layers 33 .

In addition, with regard to the 5 to 7th Embodiments shown on the comments on the 1 to 4th to get expelled.

The 8b shows a cross section through an adapter unit according to the invention 11 and the 8a shows a longitudinal section along the line AA in 8b . It can be seen that the adapter unit 11 a receiving sleeve 13 with an interior 15th having. The receiving sleeve 13 is set up so that an optical fiber end into the interior 15th can be introduced and fixed therein.

From the sectional views of 8th becomes recognizable that the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 in this embodiment - in accordance with all the embodiments explained above - has a circular cross-section. The interior 15th is therefore essentially cylindrical. In principle, however, any other cross-sections and shapes of the interior are also possible 15th the receiving sleeve 13 conceivable.

Furthermore, in the 8th recognizable that the adapter unit 11 one in the receiving sleeve 13 integrated optoelectronic coupling device 17th having. The optoelectronic coupling device 17th includes in the in 8th embodiment shown a light receiving device 23 with a photodiode. The light receiving device 23 is set up to send an optical output signal from the into the interior 15th coupled out introduced optical fiber end and to generate an electrical output signal from the optical output signal. Furthermore, the 8th that the adapter unit 11 also in this embodiment a contacting device 35 has, which conduct electrically signals with the optoelectronic coupling device 17th connected is. Via the contacting device 35 can the optoelectronic coupling device 17th be contacted from the outside for the transmission of an electrical output signal.

In addition, from the 8th it can be seen that the optical fiber end in the axial direction A into the interior 15th can be inserted and the adapter unit has an extension D running perpendicular to the axial direction A, which in this exemplary embodiment is 0.2 mm.

The adapter unit 11 is in the in 8th The embodiment shown is set up to have a light-guiding core of the light source guide inserted into the interior of the receiving sleeve axially in alignment with the light receiving unit 23 align. For this purpose is the light receiving unit 23 in relation to the circular cross-section of the interior 15th the receiving sleeve 13 centered and the cross-section of the interior 15th corresponds exactly to the cross section of one in the interior 15th insertable fiber optic cable.

List of reference symbols

1

Fiber composite component

3

fiber optic sensor device

5

optical fiber

7a

first fiber optic end

7b

second fiber optic end

9

light-guiding core

11

Adapter unit

11 a

first adapter unit

11b

second adapter unit

13

Receiving sleeve

15th

inner space

17th

optoelectronic coupling device

19th

Fiber layer

21st

Light emitting unit

23

Light receiving unit

25th

electrical line arrangement

27

outer surface of the fiber composite component

29

mandrel

31

Wiring line

33

electrically conductive material layer

35

Contacting device

37

circuit board

39

LED

41

Fiber bundle (roving)

A.

axial direction

D.

expansion

Claims (25)

Fiber composite component (1) made from a fiber composite material containing a fiber material and a matrix material, with a fiber optic sensor device (3) which has an optical waveguide (5) extending from a first optical waveguide end (7a) to a second optical waveguide end (7b ) and has a light-guiding core (9), characterized in that the sensor device (3) has at least one adapter unit (11) which - has a receiving sleeve (13) with an interior (15), one of the optical waveguide ends (7a, 7b) is introduced into the interior space (15) and fixed therein, and - has an optoelectronic coupling device (17) integrated into the receiving sleeve (13), which comprises a light transmitting unit (21) and / or a light receiving unit (23) and is set up for this purpose to be electrically contacted for the transmission of an electrical input signal and / or an electrical output signal, wherein the light transmitter unit ( 21) is set up to generate an optical input signal from the electrical input signal and to couple the optical input signal into the optical waveguide (5), and the light receiving unit (23) is set up to couple and output an optical output signal from the optical waveguide (5) the optical output signal to generate the electrical output signal, wherein both the optical waveguide (5) and the at least one adapter unit (11) are embedded in the fiber composite component (1) and the fiber composite component (1) has an electrical line arrangement (25), which the optoelectronic Coupling device (17) connects to an outer surface (27) of the fiber composite component (1) for transmitting the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal. Fiber composite component (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the sensor device (3) has at least a first adapter unit (11a) and a second adapter unit (11b), wherein - the optoelectronic coupling device (17) of the first adapter unit (11a) comprises a light transmission unit (21) and the first The optical waveguide end (7a) is inserted into the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13) of the first adapter unit (11a) and fixed therein and - the optoelectronic coupling device (17) of the second adapter unit (11bg) comprises a light receiving unit (23) and the second optical waveguide end (7b) is introduced into the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13) of the second adapter unit (11b) and fixed therein. Fiber composite component (1) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that at least one fiber Bragg grating is inscribed in the optical waveguide (5). Fiber composite component (1) according to Claim 3 , characterized in that several locally distributed fiber Bragg gratings are inscribed in the optical waveguide (5), the fiber Bragg gratings being set up so that each fiber Bragg grating reflects light of a different wavelength. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter unit (11) is set up to axially align the core (9) of the optical waveguide (5) introduced into the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13) with the light transmitter unit (21) and / or to align with the light receiving unit (23). Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light transmitting unit (21) and / or the light receiving unit (23) is arranged centered with respect to the cross section of the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13). Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter unit (11) comprises both a light transmitting unit (21) and a light receiving unit (23) and comprises an optical branching unit which is set up to - the optical input signal from the To conduct the light transmission unit (21) to the core (9) of the optical waveguide (5) introduced into the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13) and - the optical output signal from the core (9) of the into the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13) introduced optical waveguide (5) to guide the light receiving unit (23). Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all components of the adapter unit (11), in particular the receiving sleeve (13) and the optoelectronic coupling device (17), temperature-resistant to temperatures of more than 75 ° C, in particular more than 100 ° C, in particular more than 125 ° C, in particular more than 150 ° C, in particular more than 200 ° C., in particular more than 250 ° C., in particular more than 300 ° C., in particular more than 350 ° C., in particular more than 400 ° C. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optical waveguide end (7a, 7b) is inserted in the axial direction (A) into the interior (15) and the adapter unit (11) has at least one extension perpendicular to the axial direction (D) which is at most 1.0 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm, in particular at most 0.4 mm, in particular at most 0.3 mm, in particular at most 0.2 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter unit (11) has at least one electrically conductive mandrel (29) which is attached to the receiving sleeve (13) and extends away from the receiving sleeve (13), wherein the at least one mandrel (29) forms the electrical line arrangement (25) or a part thereof and pierces the fiber composite material up to the outer surface (27) of the fiber composite component (1). Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical line arrangement (25) comprises at least one wiring line (31) embedded in the fiber composite component (1) for transmitting the electrical input signal and / or the electrical output signal. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber composite material has several material layers, at least one of the material layers being an electrically conductive material layer (33) which forms the electrical line arrangement (25) or a part thereof. Fiber composite component (1) according to Claim 12 , characterized in that the fiber composite material has an electrically conductive fiber material and the electrically conductive material layer (33) is formed from the electrically conductive fiber material. Fiber composite component (1) according to Claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that the fiber composite material is designed as a hybrid material and, in addition to the fiber material and the matrix material, has an electrically conductive metal material, the electrically conductive material layer (33) being formed from the metal material. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the Claims 12 to 14th , characterized in that the electrical line arrangement (25) comprises several electrical lines and the fiber composite material has several electrically conductive material layers (33) which are electrically isolated from one another and form the electrical lines of the electrical line arrangement (25) or a part thereof. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the Claims 12 to 15th , characterized in that the fiber composite material - has several material layers with alternating glass fiber layers and metal layers, in particular aluminum layers, wherein the metal layers form the electrical lines of the electrical line arrangement (25) or a part thereof, or - several material layers with electrically insulated against each other alternating carbon fiber layers and metal layers, in particular steel layers, wherein the metal layers form the electrical lines of the electrical line arrangement (25) or a part thereof. Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the Claims 10 to 16 , characterized in that the electrical line arrangement (25) comprises several electrical lines and at least one electrically conductive material layer (33) has several electrically conductive segments which are electrically insulated from one another and each form an electrical line of the electrical line arrangement (25). Fiber composite component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber composite component (1) has an electrical connector on its surface (27) which is connected to the electrical line arrangement (25). Adapter unit (11) for a fiber-optic sensor device (3) having an optical waveguide (5), the adapter unit (11) having a receiving sleeve (13) with an interior (15) which is set up so that an optical waveguide end (7a, 7b ) can be introduced into the interior space (15) and fixed therein, and - has an optoelectronic coupling device (17) integrated into the receiving sleeve (13), which comprises a light transmitting unit (21) and / or a light receiving unit (23) and is set up for this purpose to be electrically contacted from the outside for the transmission of an electrical input signal and / or an electrical output signal, the The light transmitting unit (21) is set up to generate an optical input signal from the electrical input signal and to couple the optical input signal into the optical waveguide (5), and the light receiving unit (23) is set up to couple an optical output signal from the optical waveguide (5) and to generate the electrical output signal from the optical output signal, and is set up to be embedded with the optical waveguide (5) in a fiber composite component (1) made from a fiber composite material containing a fiber material and a matrix material. Adapter unit (11) Claim 19 , characterized by the features of the adapter unit (11) of the fiber optic sensor device (3) of a fiber composite component (1) according to one of the Claims 5 to 8th . Adapter unit (11) Claim 19 or 20th , characterized in that the optical waveguide end (7a, 7b) can be introduced into the interior space (15) in the axial direction (A) and the adapter unit (11) has at least one extension (D) running perpendicular to the axial direction which is at most 1, 0 mm, in particular at most 0.5 mm, in particular at most 0.4 mm, in particular at most 0.3 mm, in particular at most 0.2 mm, in particular at most 0.1 mm. Adapter unit (11) according to one of the Claims 19 to 21st , characterized in that the adapter unit (11) has at least one electrically conductive mandrel (29) which is attached to the receiving sleeve (13) and extends away from the receiving sleeve (13), the at least one mandrel (29) being set up for this purpose is to pierce the fiber composite material up to an outer surface (27) of the fiber composite component (1) during the manufacture of the fiber composite component (1) and the optoelectronic coupling device (17) with the outer surface (27) of the fiber composite component (1) for the transmission of the electrical To connect the input signal and / or the electrical output signal. Fiber-optic sensor device (3) with at least one adapter unit (11) according to one of the Claims 19 to 22nd and an optical waveguide (3) which extends from a first optical waveguide end (7a) to a second optical waveguide end (7b), one of the optical waveguide ends (7a, 7b) entering the interior (15) of the receiving sleeve (13) of the adapter unit (11 ) is introduced and fixed therein and wherein the fiber optic sensor device (3) is set up to be embedded in a fiber composite component (1) made from a fiber composite material that contains a fiber material and a matrix material. Fiber optic sensor device (3) according to Claim 23 , characterized by the features of the fiber optic sensor device (3) of a fiber composite component (1) according to one of the Claims 2 to 4th . Method for producing a fiber composite component (1) from a fiber composite material which contains a fiber material and a matrix material, characterized in that, before the matrix material cures, a fiber-optic sensor device (3) after Claim 23 or 24 is embedded in the fiber composite component (1).

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