DE102019111124A1 - Communication device, communication system and method for non-linearity compensation of a transmitter - Google Patents

Abstract

A communication device (200), a communication system and a method for non-linearity compensation of a transmitter are provided. The communication device (200) comprises: a transmitter (230) for delivering a first radio frequency (RF) signal (RF1) to a first antenna (250), so that the first antenna (250) receives the first RF signal (RF1 ) issues; a second antenna (290) for receiving the first RF signal (RF1) from the first antenna (250) to generate a second RF signal (RF2); a receiver (270) for receiving the second RF signal (RF2) from the second antenna (290), the receiver (270) generating a feedback signal (BB2) from the second RF signal (RF2) and a control device (214) which is set up to control the predistortion based on the feedback signal (BB2).

Description

Technical field

The inventive concept relates to wireless communication and in particular to a device and a method for non-linearity compensation of a transmitter.

Discussion of the relevant technology

A wireless communication device may include a transmitter that uses a radio frequency ( RF ) Provides a band signal to an antenna. The transmitter may have components (e.g., a filter, a power amplifier, and a mixer) to achieve this RF -Band signal to generate from a baseband signal. During the processing of the baseband signal, this can RF -Band signal can be distorted due to characteristics of the transistor components. For example, the transmitter may have a non-linearity between the baseband signal and the RF -Band signal, which is RF Band signal is distorted and interference is caused in the wireless communication. Especially when there is an increase in a frequency (or a carrier frequency) of the RF -Band signal there and a variety of antennas (or an antenna field) is involved, the distortion of the RF -Band signal deteriorate due to the non-linearity of the transmitter. As a result, the non-linearity of the transmitters may not be compensated for effectively.

SUMMARY

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a communication device is provided, comprising: a transmitter for delivering a first radio frequency ( RF ) Signal to a first antenna so that the first antenna is the first RF Outputs signal; a second antenna for receiving the first RF Signal from the first antenna to a second RF Signal to generate a receiver for receiving the second RF Signal from the second antenna, wherein the receiver generates a feedback signal from the second RF signal, and a control device that is configured to control predistortion based on the feedback signal.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a communication system is provided, which comprises: a first device that a transmitter for outputting a first radio frequency RF Signal through a first antenna and a second device having a second antenna for receiving a first RF Signal to a second RF Signal to generate a receiver for receiving the second RF Signal from the second antenna and a feedback generator for generating a feedback signal from the second RF signal, the first device further comprising a control device configured to predistortion in response to the feedback signal provided by the second device Taxes.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a method for non-linearity compensation of a transmitter is provided, the method comprising: generating a baseband signal at a predistorter of a communication device, generating a first radio frequency RF Signals from the baseband signal to a transmitter of the communication device and sending the first RF Signal through a first antenna of the communication device, receiving the first RF Signal through a second antenna of the communication device to a second RF -Generate signal and generate a feedback signal from the second RF Signal at a receiver of the communication device and non-linearity compensation of the transmitter based on the feedback signal ( BB2 ).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a method for non-linearity compensation of a transmitter is provided, the method comprising: generating a first baseband signal at a predistorter of a first device, generating a first RF Signal from the baseband signal at a transmitter of the first device and transmission of the first RF Signal through a first antenna of the first device, receiving the first RF Signal on the second antenna of a second device to a second RF Signal to generate, generating a feedback signal from the second RF Signal on a second device, supplying the feedback signal from the second device to the first device and compensating for the non-linearity compensation of the transmitter based on the feedback signal.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, a communication device is provided which comprises: a predistorter which is set up to generate a first baseband signal, a transmitter which is set up to generate a first radio frequency RF Signal from a first baseband signal to generate a first antenna that is configured to the first RF Signal to output a second antenna that is set up to the first RF Signal to receive and a second RF Signal corresponding to the first RF Signal to output a receiver that is set up to receive a feedback signal from the second RF Signal and a control device that is set up to receive the feedback signal and estimate a non-linearity of the transmitter based on the feedback signal.

list of figures

• 1 ein Blockdiagramm eines Drahtloskommunikationssystems aufweisend eine Drahtloskommunikationsvorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 2 ein Blockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 3 ein Blockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 4A und 4B Graphen von Daten erhalten durch Ausführen von Experimenten/Versuchen an einem Antennenfeld aufweisend vier Antennen und einen Sender gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts sind;
• 5 ein Blockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 6 ein Blockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 7 ein Blockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 8 ein Blockdiagramm einer Vorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 9 ein Blockdiagramm von Vorrichtungen ist, die konfiguriert sind, um miteinander gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts zu kommunizieren;
• 10 ein Blockdiagramm von Vorrichtungen ist, die konfiguriert sind, um miteinander gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts zu kommunizieren;
• 11 ein Blockdiagramm von Vorrichtungen ist, die konfiguriert sind, um miteinander gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts zu kommunizieren;
• 12 ein Blockdiagramm von Vorrichtungen ist, die konfiguriert sind, um miteinander gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts zu kommunizieren;
• 13 ein Blockdiagramm von Vorrichtungen ist, die konfiguriert sind, um miteinander gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts zu kommunizieren;
• 14 ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens der Nichtlinearitätskompensation eines Senders gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 15A und 15B Ablaufdiagramme eines Verfahrens der Nichtlinearitätskompensation eines Senders gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts sind;
• 16 ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens der Nichtlinearitätskompensation eines Senders gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist;
• 17 ein Ablaufdiagramm des Betriebsschrittes S40 der 14 gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist; und
• 18 ein Blockdiagramm einer Kommunikationsvorrichtung gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfinderischen Konzepts ist.

The above and other features of the inventive concept will be more clearly understood from the detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

• 1 4 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system including a wireless communication device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 2 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 3 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 4A and 4B Graphs of data obtained by performing experiments on an antenna array having four antennas and a transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 5 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 6 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 7 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 8th 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 9 FIG. 4 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 10 FIG. 4 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 11 FIG. 4 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 12 FIG. 4 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 13 FIG. 4 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 14 4 is a flowchart of a method of transmitter nonlinearity compensation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 15A and 15B 14 are flow diagrams of a method of transmitter non-linearity compensation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 16 4 is a flowchart of a method of transmitter nonlinearity compensation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;
• 17 a flowchart of the operating step S40 the 14 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept; and
• 18 4 is a block diagram of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

1 Figure 3 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system 10 comprising a wireless communication device according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. The wireless communication system 10 may be, but is not limited to, a wireless communication system using a cellular network (e.g. a wireless system from 5 , Generation ( 5G) , a long-term development system (LTE), an advanced LTE system, a code division multiple access system (CDMA) or a global system for mobile communication (GSM), a wireless local area network (WLAN), WiFi, Bluetooth or any other wireless communication system. The following is the wireless communication system 10 mainly described with reference to a wireless communication system using a cellular network, but it is to be understood that the following exemplary embodiments are not limited to this.

A first device 100 and a second device 1 can each be of any type of device capable of sending and receiving signals via wireless communication. Both the first device 100 as well as the second device 1 can as one Communication device may be referred to as a wireless communication device. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the first device 100 a base station and the second device 1 can be a user terminal. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the first device 100 a user device and the second device 1 be a base station. The base station can be a base station that is set up to communicate with the user device and / or another base station. The base station can communicate with the user device and / or another base station and exchange data and control information. For example, the base station can act as a node B (node B ), a further developed knot B (Envolved Node B ; eNB ), a sector, a system, a base transceiver system (base transceiver system; BTS ), an access point (access pint; AP ), a relay node, a remote radio head; RRH ), a radio unit (radio unit; RU ) or a small cell. The user equipment can be fixed or portable and refer to various pieces of equipment capable of communicating with the base station and transmitting or receiving data and / or controlling information. For example, the user equipment can be a terminal, a mobile station ( MS ), a mobile terminal ( MT ), a user terminal ( UT ), a registration station ( SS ), a wireless device or a handheld device. A wireless communication network between the user equipment and the base station can support communication among a plurality of users by sharing available network resources. For example, information can be transmitted in the wireless communication network using various multiple access methods, such as e.g. B. Code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (single carrier frequency division multiple) access; SC-FDMA), OFDM-FDMA, OFDM-TDMA and OFDM-CDMA.

With reference to 1 can the first device 100 a data processor 110 , a transmitter 130 and an antenna 150 exhibit. The data processor 110 can a first baseband signal BB1 generate and the first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 130 deliver. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the baseband signal can be a training signal / test signal. The transmitter 130 can the first baseband signal BB1 process a first radio frequency (RF) signal RF1 generate and the first RF signal RF1 to the antenna 150 deliver. As used herein, the antenna 150 which is set up to be the first RF -Signal RF1 to send, also referred to as a first antenna. The second device 1 can be a first signal 12 from the first device 100 receive. The second device 1 can have an antenna and a second signal 14 to the first device 100 send over the antenna. The first device 100 can furthermore have a receiver which is set up to receive the second signal 14 to recieve. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the transmitter 130 and the receiver can be designed as a transceiver in one block.

The transmitter 130 may have components configured to receive the first baseband signal BB1 to process. For example, as shown in 1 , the transmitter 130 a mixer 132 , a filter 134 , a phase changer 136 and a power amplifier 138 exhibit. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the transmitter can 130 just some of the components of the 1 exhibit. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the transmitter can 130 furthermore have additional components which in 1 are not shown. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the mixer 132 , the filter 134 , the phase changer 136 and the power amplifier 138 the first baseband signal BB1 in a different order than in 1 shown, process.

The transmitter 130 may have non-linearity due to the properties of its components. For example, the power amplifier 138 have a non-linear rise and the non-linear rise of the power amplifier 138 can lead to non-linearity of the transmitter 130 contribute. Predistortion can be used to control the nonlinearity of the transmitter 130 to compensate. The predistortion can relate to a method of predistorting the input signal (e.g. the first baseband signal BB1 ) of the transmitter 130 refer based on non-linearity which is opposite to the non-linearity of the transmitter 130 , The non-linearity of the transmitter 130 can be compensated for due to the pre-distortion and a desirable first RF -Signal RF1 can to the antenna 150 to be delivered. As described above, the nonlinearity of the transmitter 130 through a variety of components that the transmitter 130 has to be determined. If the transmitter 130 an integrated circuit ( IC ), the nonlinearity of the transmitter can 130 due to processing, voltage and temperature change ( PVT ) to change. Therefore, the non-linearity of the transmitter 130 to precisely compensate for the pre-distortion performed are generated based on a feedback from an output signal of the transmitter 130 ,

To the feedback from the output signal of the transmitter 130 can generate a unit (e.g. a coupler, a channel or a test point) between the transmitter 130 antenna 150 be arranged, which is set up to the output signal of the transmitter 130 to obtain. However, the unit can also be sensitive to a short-wave signal (e.g. a millimeter wave). As a result, the reliability of wireless transmission can be distorted by the first RF signal RF1 can be reduced. As below with reference to 3 described, the first device 100 have a multiplicity of antennas or a multiplicity of first antennas in order to implement beam shaping or multiple input and multiple output (MIMO). The transmitter 130 may have components (e.g., a plurality of phase changers and a plurality of power amplifiers) that correspond to the plurality of antennas. Neither getting feedback from all of the plurality of paths corresponding to the plurality of antennas, nor individually predistorting each of the plurality of paths is effectively accomplished. As described below, however, according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept, feedback can be generated based on a signal output by the antenna 150 , in response to the first RF signal RF1 to perform predistortion easily and precisely.

The data processor 110 can be a predistorter 112 have and the predistorter 112 can be a broadcast signal TXS predistort and the first baseband signal BB1 produce. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the transmission signal TXS be a digital signal and the predistorter 112 can be a digital predistorter (DPD), which is a distorted digital signal from the transmission signal TXS generated. The data processor 110 can a digital-to-analog converter ( DAC ) which have the digital signal output by the predistorter 112 can convert and the first baseband signal BB1 outputs. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the transmission signal TXS be an analog signal and the predistorter 112 can be an analog predistorter. Here it is assumed that the predistorter 112 is a digital predistorter, the representation of the DAC which in the data processor 110 is present, is omitted for brevity and the predistorter 112 can the first baseband signal BB1 produce. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the predistorter can 112 serving as the digital predistorter have at least one of a hardware block designed by logical synthesis and a software block that includes a sequence of instructions. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the data processor can 110 be a modem.

The data processor 110 can provide feedback FB based on the output signal of the transmitter 130 received and performed based on the feedback FB a predistortion. The feedback FB can be based on a first RF -Signal RF1 which by the antenna 150 has been sent. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, as below with reference to FIG 2 to 8th described, the feedback FB based on one RF Signal generated by an antenna contained in the first device 100 is received (e.g. 290 in 2 ). In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, as below with reference to FIG 9 to 12 described, the feedback FB generated other than that produced by another device (e.g. 90 in 9 ) as the first device 100 be generated. Because of this, the nonlinearity of the transmitter 130 can be compensated precisely and accurately, the reliability of wireless communication can be increased. Even in wireless communication using an antenna array having a plurality of antennas, the transmitter nonlinearity can 130 be compensated precisely and efficiently. Furthermore, a component that is set up to provide feedback for predistortion between the transmitter 130 and the antenna 150 to be omitted so that the distortion caused by the feedback from the wireless communication can be prevented by using short wavelengths.

2 Figure 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus 200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 2 the device 200 which is set up to provide feedback based on a predistortion RF Signal to be received by an antenna present herein. A second baseband signal BB2 the 2 can as the feedback FB the 1 function. As shown in 2 , the device 200 a data processor 210 , a transmitter 230 , a first antenna 250 , a recipient 270 and a second antenna 290 exhibit.

As described above with reference to 1 can the data processor 210 a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 230 deliver and the transmitter 230 can receive a first RF signal RF1 from the first baseband signal BB1 generate and the first RF signal RF1 to the first antenna 250 deliver. The recipient 270 can via the second antenna 290 a second RF signal RF2 received which by the first RF signal RF1 was established, a second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the data processor 210 deliver. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the first antenna 250 a transmitting antenna and the second antenna 290 a receiving antenna of the same wireless communication system (e.g. 5G, LTE and the like). In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the first antenna 250 support a wireless communication system using a cellular network while the second antenna 290 supports another wireless communication system, e.g. B. WLAN. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the second antenna 290 be a dedicated receiving antenna for pre-distortion.

The data processor 210 can be a predistorter 212 and a control device 214 exhibit. The predistorter 212 can be a broadcast signal TXS predistort and a first baseband signal BB1 produce. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the predistorter can 212 have at least one conversion table and the first baseband signal BB1 based on the output of at least one conversion table corresponding to the transmission signal TXS produce. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the predistorter can 212 have at least one computer which is set up to have a polynomial expression comprising the transmission signal TXS and calculate at least one coefficient and the predistorter 212 can the first baseband signal BB1 generate based on an output signal of at least one computer.

wobei p eine Ordnung des Polynomausdruckes bezeichnet. Wenn N Beispiele geliefert werden, kann der Vorverzerrer 212 wie in Gleichung 2 modelliert werden: $$Y_N=X_A=\left[\begin{array}{c}x\left(N\right)x\left(N\right)|x\left(N\right)|\cdots x\left(N\right)|{x\left(N\right)|}^p\\ x\left(N-1\right)x\left(N-1\right)|x\left(N-1\right)|\cdots x\left(N-1\right)|{x\left(N-1\right)|}^p\\ ⋮\\ x\left(1\right)x\left(1\right)|x\left(1\right)|\cdots x\left(1\right)|{x\left(1\right)|}^p\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{a}_0\\ a_1\\ ⋮\\ a_p\end{array}\right]$$

The predistorter 212 can perform predistortion using a majority of techniques. For example, the predistorter 212 the predistortion according to indirect learning, which in C. Eun and EJ Powers "A new Volterra predistorter based on the indirect learning architecture," IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 45, pp. 223-227, Jan. 1997 has been described. The predistorter 212 can also use predistortion according to one of the techniques described in D. Lei, Zhou, Tong, "A Robust Digital Baseband Predistorter Constructed Using Memory Polynomials," IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 52, No. January 1, 2004 To run. The disclosures of these papers are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. If an example of a broadcast signal TXS , which is an input signal of the predistorter 212 , x is (n) and an example of the first baseband signal BB1 , which is an output signal of the predistorter 212 is, y (n) (1 <n <N, N is a positive integer), the predistorter can 212 can be modeled by a polynomial expression as in Equation 1: $$y\left(n\right)={\displaystyle {\Sigma }_{k=0}^p{a}_{k}x\left(n\right)|{x\left(n\right)|}^k}$$

where p denotes an order of the polynomial expression. If N Examples can be supplied, the predistorter 212 as modeled in Equation 2: $$Y_N=X_A=\left[\begin{array}{c}x\left(N\right)x\left(N\right)|x\left(N\right)|\cdots x\left(N\right)|{x\left(N\right)|}^p\\ x\left(N-1\right)x\left(N-1\right)|x\left(N-1\right)|\cdots x\left(N-1\right)|{x\left(N-1\right)|}^p\\ ⋮\\ x\left(1\right)x\left(1\right)|x\left(1\right)|\cdots x\left(1\right)|{x\left(1\right)|}^p\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c}{a}_0\\ a_1\\ ⋮\\ a_p\end{array}\right]$$

A of equation 2 can be calculated using a least square as in equation 3: $$\widehat{A}={\left(X^{T}X\right)}^{-1}{X}^T{Y}_N$$

The control device 214 can the predistorter 212 based on the second baseband signal BB2 received by the recipient 270 , Taxes. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the control device 214 the predistorter 212 so control the predefined first baseband signal BB1 regardless of the broadcast signal TXS to generate, and the nonlinearity of the transmitter 230 based on the second baseband signal BB2 corresponding to the first baseband signal BB1 estimated. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the control device 214 the first baseband signal BB1 received and the non-linearity of the transmitter 230 based on the first baseband signal BB1 and the second baseband signal BB2 estimated. Even though 3 and 5 to 8th show a case in which a controller of a data processor only the second baseband signal BB2 receives, it should be noted that the control device receives the first baseband signal BB1 (as indicated by the dashed line in 2 ) can receive. Even though 3 shows a case where the control device 314 directly the second baseband signal BB2 receives, the data processor 310 have an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In this case, when the second baseband signal BB2 in analog form from the recipient 370 is sent, the ADC can send the second baseband signal BB2 convert into a digital signal so that the control device 314 can receive the digital signal.

In a predistortion setting mode, the control device can 214 the predistortion of the predistorter 212 based on the second baseband signal BB2 establish. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the control device 214 at least one parameter for defining an operating step of the predistorter 212 based on a set signal SET and the predistorter 212 can perform predistortion based on the at least one parameter. For example, the control device 214 from equation 3 Â based on the second baseband signal BB2 received and generate the set signal SET based on Â. If the control device 214 setting the predistortion of the predistorter 212 completed, the control device 214 exit predistortion setting mode. In a wireless communication mode, the predistorter can 212 the broadcast signal TXS according to the determination of the control device 214 distort and the first baseband signal BB1 produce.

3 Figure 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus 300 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 3 the device 300 which is arranged to transmit a signal through an antenna field. Similar to 2 can a second baseband signal BB2 the 3 than the feedback FB from 1 function. As shown in 3 , the device 300 a data processor 310 , a transmitter 330 , a variety of first antennas 350_1 to 350_m , a recipient 370 , and a second antenna 390 (m is an integer greater than 1).

The data processor 310 can a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 330 deliver and the transmitter 330 can be a variety of first RF -Signalen RF11 up to RF1m corresponding to the large number of first antennas 350_1 to 350_m in response to the first baseband signal BB1 produce. For example, the transmitter 330 m power amplifier corresponding to the large number of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m exhibit. The multitude of first antennas 350_1 to 350_m can be referred to as an antenna field and used around for beam shaping or MIMO. As shown in 3 can compensate for the non-linearity of the transmitter 330 that is set up to do a variety of first RF signal RF11 to RF1m to generate, the generation of the first baseband signal BB1 which is predistorted using a single predistorter 312 instead of compensating each of m paths corresponding to the plurality of first ones RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1 , As below with reference to 4A and 4B Experimental data show that use of the single predistorter 312 when compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter 330 is effective for the antenna field.

The recipient 370 can have a second RF signal RF2 from the second antenna 390 received by at least one of the plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m was justified. The recipient 370 can the second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the data processor 310 deliver. The control device 314 of the data processor 310 may the set signal SET based on the second baseband signal BB2 generate and at least one parameter of the predistorter 312 via the set signal SET establish. The predistorter 312 can be a broadcast signal TXS based on the at least one parameter and distort the first baseband signal BB1 produce.

4A and 4B are graphs of data obtained by performing experiments on an antenna array having four antennas P0 . P1 . P2 and P3 and a transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 4A an amplitude ratio between an input signal (e.g. BB1 in 3 ) of the sender and feedback (e.g. BB2 in 3 ) and 4B shows an amplitude ratio between an input signal (e.g. TXS in 3 ) of a predistorter, which was determined based on a feedback and an output signal (e.g. BB1 in 3 ). The following are the 4A and 4B with reference to 3 to be discribed.

With reference to 4A can send signals back from four corresponding antennas P0 . P1 . P2 and P3 different amplitude ratios due to different antenna gains of the four antennas P0 . P1 . P2 and P3 deliver. With reference to 4B however, predistortion characteristics derived by taking differences between antenna gains into account may be approximately the same. In other words, a plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m , generated by the transmitter 330 for an antenna field, approximately the same nonlinearity of the transmitter 330 Experienced. Therefore, as above with reference to 3 described, the non-linearity of the transmitter 330 that is set up to accommodate the multitude of first RF -Signalen RF11 to PF1m to generate, using a single predistorter 312 be effectively compensated.

5 Figure 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus 500 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 5 the device 500 , set up to send signals to an antenna field which is set up to form a beam. Similar to 2 can a second baseband signal BB2 the 5 than the feedback FB the 1 function. As shown in 5 , the device 500 a data processor 510 , a transmitter 530 , a Variety of first antennas 550_1 to 550_m , a recipient 57 , and a second antenna 590 exhibit.

The data processor 510 can a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 530 deliver and the transmitter 530 can have a plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m corresponding to the plurality of first antennas 550_1 to 550_m in response to the first baseband signal BB1 produce. The transmitter 530 can have a variety of phase changers PS1 to PSm and a variety of power amplifiers PA1 to Pam, which lead to the large number of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m correspond. The multitude of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m can have phases caused by the multitude of phase changers PS1 to be changed to PSm. Therefore, the large number of first antennas 550_1 to 550_m a beam 4 form.

In a predistortion setting mode, the control device can 514 the multitude of phase changers PS1 to control PSm so that the beam 4 formed by the large number of first antennas 550 1 to 550_m to the second antenna 590 is oriented. For example, as shown in 5 the control device 514 a first control signal C1 to control the large number of phase changers PS1 up to PSm to the transmitter 530 deliver. In an i-th RF signal (1≤i≤m) it is assumed that the i-th antenna is amplified G _i is a phase change caused by an i-th phase changer shifter _i is a phase change caused in a path having internal paths of the transmitter 530 , Paths between the transmitter 530 and the large number of first antennas 550_1 to 550_m , a wireless channel and the like is path _i , is a non-linear function of an i-th power amplifier PA _i and a non-linear function caused by the predistorter 512 is PD , If the influence of the second antenna 590 and the recipient 570 is neglected, the second baseband signal BB2 as shown in Equation 4: $$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; B"\; filenames="DE102019111124A1\_0006.png,DE102019111124A1\_0012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B\; </figure-callout>}B2={\displaystyle {\Sigma }_{i=1}^m{G}_n\cdot exp\left(j\cdot \left(sHifte{r}_i+pat{H}_i\right)\right)\cdot P{A}_i\left(PD\left(TXS\right)\right)}$$

In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept when the control device 514 the multitude of phase changers PS1 to PSm controls to the beam 4 to the second antenna 590 to control, a value of (shifter _i + path _i ) in equation 4 may be approximately the same for all values of i (1≤i≤m). Therefore, in the predistortion setting mode, the control device can 514 the predistortion of the predistorter 512 via the set signal SET based on the second baseband signal BB2 determine which of a second RF signal RF2 was generated, caused by simultaneous transmission of the plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m ,

6 Figure 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus 600 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 6 the device 600 that is arranged to sequentially receive a plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m to send in a predistortion setting mode. Similar to 2 can a second baseband signal BB2 the 6 work like the feedback FB from 1 , As shown in 6 , the device 600 a data processor 610 , a transmitter 630 , a variety of switches 640_1 to 640_m , a variety of first antennas 650_1 to 650_m , a recipient 670 and a second antenna 690 exhibit.

The data processor 610 can a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 630 deliver and the transmitter 630 can receive a variety of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m corresponding to the large number of first antennas 650_1 to 650_m from the first baseband signal BB1 produce. The variety of switches 640_1 to 640_m can send the variety of first RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1m to the multitude of first antennas 650_1 to 650_m via the control of a control device 614 allow or prevent accordingly. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the control device 614 the variety of switches 640_1 to 640_m control to sequentially the multitude of first RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1m to the multitude of first antennas 650_1 to 650_m to send.

In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, other than in 6 shown, the variety of switches 640_1 to 640_m in the transmitter 630 be integrated. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the control device 614 sequentially the multitude of first RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1m to the multitude of first antennas 650_1 to 650_m by sequentially ramping up and down a large number of components (e.g. a large number of power amplifiers) integrated in the transmitter 630 send.

The recipient 670 can a second RF -Signal RF2 corresponding to each of the multitude of first ones RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1m repeatedly received and sequentially a plurality of second baseband signals BB2 produce. In the predistortion setting mode, the control device can 614 the plurality of second baseband signals BB2 collect and predistortion the predistorter 612 based on the plurality of second baseband signals BB2 establish. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the control device 614 the predistortion of the predistorter 612 based on the average of the plurality of second baseband signals BB2 establish.

7 Figure 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus 700 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 7 the device 700 which is set up to transmit and receive signals through the same antenna field. Similar to 2 can a second baseband signal BB2 out 7 than the feedback FB the 1 function. As shown in 7 , the device 700 a data processor 710 , a transmitter 730 , a variety of switches 740_1 to 740_m , a variety of antennas 750_1 to 750_m and a receiver 770 exhibit.

The data processor 710 can a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 730 deliver and the transmitter 730 can at least a first RF -Signal RF1 from the first baseband signal BB1 produce. The variety of switches 740_1 to 740_m can the antenna field (e.g. the large number of antennas 750_1 to 750_m ) with the transmitter 730 or the recipient 770 depending on a send mode or a receive mode.

A control device 714 of the data processor 710 can the variety of switches 740_1 to 740_m control such that at least a first RF signal RF1 through at least one of the plurality of antennas 750_1 to 750_m integrated in the antenna field and a second RF signal RF2 , caused by at least one first RF signal RF1 , can by at least one of the plurality of antennas 750_1 to 750_m be received. For example, as shown in 7 the control device 714 a first switch 740_1 control such that the first RF signal RF1 through a first antenna 750_1 is sent. Because of this, a signal can be caused by the first RF signal RF1 into a second antenna 750_2 due to changing coupling between the first antenna 750_1 and the second antenna 750_2 be initiated. As shown in 7 , the control device 714 a second switch 740 2 control such that the second RF signal RF2 caused by the first RF signal RF1 through the second antenna 750_2 Will be received.

The recipient 770 can the second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the data processor 710 deliver. In a predistortion setting mode, the control device can 714 the predistortion of the predistorter 712 of the data processor 710 based on the second baseband signal BB2 establish.

8th Figure 3 is a block diagram of an apparatus 800 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 8th the device 800 comprising an isolator 820 arranged between a first antenna 850 and a second antenna 890 , Similar to 2 can a second baseband signal BB2 of 8th than the feedback FB the 1 function. As shown in 8th , the device 800 a data processor 810 , a transmitter 830 , a first antenna 850 , a recipient 870 , a second antenna 890 and the isolator 820 exhibit.

The data processor 810 can a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 830 deliver and the transmitter 830 can receive a first RF signal RF1 from the first baseband signal BB1 generate and the first RF signal RF1 to the first antenna 850 deliver. In a predistortion setting mode, the receiver can 870 a second RF signal RF2 received which by the first RF -Signal RF1 over the second antenna 890 caused a second baseband signal BB2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the data processor 810 deliver. In a wireless communication mode, the first antenna 850 as a transmitting antenna and the second antenna 890 can be used as a receiving antenna.

The isolator 820 may have different coupling (or interference) between the first antenna 850 and the second antenna 890 via the control of the control device 814 of the data processor 810 provide. For example, in a predistortion setting mode, the control device 814 a second control signal C2 to the isolator 820 deliver so the isolator 820 a relatively high coupling between the first antenna 850 and the second antenna 890 delivers, so the second antenna 890 the second RF signal RF2 , caused by the first RF -Signal RF1 , can receive. Furthermore, in a wireless communication mode, the control device 814 the second control signal C2 to the isolator 820 deliver so the isolator 820 a relatively low coupling between the first antenna 850 and the second antenna 890 can deliver to the influence of a signal sent by the first antenna 850 and received by the second antenna 890 to diminish. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the isolator 820 Include materials whose phases are in response to the second control signal C2 change. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the isolator 820 comprise a capacitor having a variable capacitance in response to the second control signal C2 , In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the isolator 820 comprise a shield which has a conductor and in response to the second control signal C2 emotional.

9 10 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 9 an example in which a first device 900 a feedback FB from a second device 90 arranged outside the first device 900 receives the non-linearity of a transmitter 930 integrated in the first device 900 to compensate. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the second device 90 the same type as the first device 900 his. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the second device 90 an associated device (e.g. measuring equipment) that is set up to provide feedback FB to the first device 900 to deliver.

With reference to 9 can the first device 900 a data processor 910 , a transmitter 930 and a first antenna 950 exhibit. The data processor 910 can a first baseband signal BB1 to the transmitter 930 deliver and the transmitter 930 can receive a first RF signal RF1 from the first baseband signal BB1 produce. The first RF signal RF1 can through the first antenna 950 be sent. Although the first device 900 in 9 as a first antenna 950 is shown, in exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the first device 900 of the first RF signal RF1 through an antenna field comprising a plurality of antennas.

The second device 90 can have a second antenna 92 , a recipient 94 and a feedback generator 96 exhibit. The recipient 94 can have a second RF signal RF2 over the second antenna 92 received by the first RF signal RF1 is caused, and a second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 produce. The feedback generator 96 can provide feedback FB from the second baseband signal BB2 generate and the feedback FB to the first device 900 deliver. As described below, the feedback FB to the data processor 910 that in the first device 900 is included, can be delivered in different ways.

The data processor 910 the first device 900 can be a predistorter 912 and a control device 914 exhibit. In a predistortion setting mode, the control device can 914 a set signal SET for setting the predistortion of the predistorter 912 based on the feedback FB or based on the feedback FB and the first baseband signal BB1 produce. The predistorter 912 can be a broadcast signal TXS based on the pre-distortion set using the SET signal distort and the first baseband signal BB1 , produce. Even though 11 to 13 show a case in which a control device of a data processor only provides feedback FB receives, it should be noted that the control device receives the first baseband signal BB1 can receive.

10 10 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 10 a first device 900a having an interface circuit 980 , which is set up to receive feedback and a second device 90a which is set up to provide the feedback.

With reference to 10 can the first device 900a a data processor 910a , a transmitter 930a , a first antenna 950a and an interface circuit 980 exhibit. The transmitter 930a can receive a first RF signal RF1 from the first baseband signal BB1 received by the data processor 910a , generate and the first RF signal RF1 to the first antenna 950a deliver. The second device 90a can have a second antenna 92a , a recipient 94a and a feedback generator 96a exhibit. The recipient 94a can a second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the feedback generator 96a deliver.

The second device 90a can provide feedback on the first device 900a via a communication channel, which is different from a wireless communication channel, through which the first RF signal RF1 was sent, deliver. For example, the second device 90a an encrypted signal ENC as a feedback through a wired communication channel, such as. B. a universal serial bus ( USB ) and an Environmental Component (PCI) Express. Alternatively, the second device 90a send an encrypted signal ENC as a feedback over a wireless communication channel, such as. B. WiFi and Bluetooth. The interface circuit 980 the first device 900a can the encrypted signal ENC from the second device 90a received according to a protocol, decrypt the encrypted signal ENC according to the protocol and a decrypted signal DEC to the data processor 910a deliver. In a predistortion setting mode, a control device 914a of the data processor 910a the decrypted signal DEC received as a feedback, a set signal SET based on the decrypted signal DEC generate and the predistortion of the predistorter 912a via the set signal SET establish. Can in a wireless communication mode the predistorter 912a of the data processor 910a a broadcast signal TXS based on the predistortion set and distort the first baseband signal BB1 produce.

11 10 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 11 an example in which a first RF signal RF1 and feedback is sent through the same wireless channel.

With reference to 11 can be a first device 900b a data processor 910b , a transceiver 930b and a first antenna 950b exhibit. The transceiver 930b can receive a first RF signal RF1 from a first baseband signal BB1 received by the data processor 910b generate and the first RF signal RF1 through the first antenna 950b to a second device 90b send.

The second device 90b can have a second antenna 92b , a transceiver 94b and a feedback generator 96b exhibit. The second antenna 92b the first RF signal RF1 received and the transceiver 94b can a second baseband signal BB2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the feedback generator 96b deliver. The feedback generator 96b can a first feedback signal FB1 based on the second baseband signal BB2 produce. As shown in 11 , the feedback generator 96b a modulator 96b_1 exhibit. To the feedback through the same wireless channel as a wireless channel through the first RF signal RF1 can be sent, the demodulator 96b_1 the second baseband signal BB2 or a signal generated from the second baseband signal BB2 modulate and the first feedback signal FB1 produce. The transceiver 94b can send a second feedback signal FB2 , which is an RF band signal, from the first feedback signal FB1 generate and the second feedback signal FB2 through the second antenna 92b to the first device 900b deliver. The transceiver 930b the first device 900b can the second feedback signal FB2 through the first antenna 950b received and a third feedback signal FB3 , which is a baseband signal, from the second feedback signal FB2 generate which one RF Band signal is. The third feedback signal FB3 can go to the data processor 910b to be delivered.

The data processor 910b can be a predistorter 912b , a control device 914b and a demodulator 916 exhibit. The demodulator 916 can the third feedback signal FB3 using a demodulation scheme corresponding to a modulation scheme of the modulator 96b_1 the second device 90b demodulate, generate a demodulated signal DM and the demodulated signal DM to the control device 914b deliver. In a predistortion setting mode, the control device can 914b a set signal SET based on the demodulated signal DM produce. In a wireless communication mode, the predistorter can 912b a broadcast signal TXS distort according to a predetermined predistortion and the first baseband signal BB1 produce. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the first device 900b and the second device 90b may be the same type of device, for example first and second devices 900b and 90b Terminals of the same wireless communication system.

12 10 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 12 a first device 900c that is set up to receive a signal via an antenna field to a beam 11 form, and a second device 90c that is set up to provide feedback FB to the first device 900c to deliver.

As with reference to 5 described above, the first device 900c a beam 11 to the second antenna 92c the second device 90c form. For example, a control device 914c a data processor 910c a variety of phase changers PS1 to PSm of a transmitter 930c by a third control signal C3 Taxes. The control device 914c of the data processor 910c can the third control signal C3 generate such that a variety of first RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1m , issued by a variety of power amplifiers PA1 to PAm the beam 11 can form.

The second device 90c can the beam 11 through the second antenna 92c received and a feedback generator 96c can the feedback FB to the first device 900c based on a second baseband signal BB2 generated by the recipient 94c from a second RF -Signal RF2 deliver. For example, in exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, as above with reference to FIG 10 described the feedback FB to the first device 900c can be delivered via an additional communication channel. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept as above with reference to FIG 11 described, the feedback FB through the same wireless channel as the beam 11 to be delivered. In a predistortion setting mode, the control device can 914c the first device 900c a set signal SET generate FB based on the feedback. In a wireless communication mode, the predistorter can 912c a broadcast signal TXS based on the predistortion set and a first baseband signal BB1 produce.

13 10 is a block diagram of devices configured to communicate with one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 13 a first device 900d that is arranged to sequentially receive a plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m transmit in a predistortion setting mode, and a second device 90d which is set up to provide feedback FB to the first device 900d to deliver.

As above with reference to 6 described, the first device 900d sequentially the multitude of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m send that through a transmitter 930d be generated. For example, the first device 900d a variety of switches 940d_1 to 940d_m exhibit. A control device 914d a data processor 910d can sequentially switch the variety of switches 940d_1 to 940d_m Switch on and / or off in predistortion setting mode. The second device 90d can sequentially the plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m through a second antenna 92d receive. The multitude of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m can have a variety of first antennas 950d_1 to 950d_m will be spent. A recipient 94d the second device 90d can a second baseband signal BB2 repeated from a second RF -Signal RF2 , which is received repeatedly.

A feedback generator 96d the second device 90d can the feedback FB to the first device 900d based on the second baseband signal BB2 , which is generated repeatedly, in other words provide a plurality of second baseband signals BB2 , In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the feedback generator can 96d the feedback FB to the first device 900d deliver every time the second baseband signal BB2 Will be received. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the feedback generator can 96d a (number) feedback FB to the first device 900d based on the plurality of second baseband signals BB2 deliver. In the predistortion setting mode, the control device can 914d the first device 900d a set signal SET based on the feedback FB produce. In a wireless communication mode, the predistorter can 912d a broadcast signal TXS based on the predistortion set and a first baseband signal BB1 produce.

14 10 is a flow diagram of a method of transmitter nonlinearity compensation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, the method according to 14 through the first device 100 out 1 and will now be referenced to 1 to be discribed.

In the operational step S20 may be an operational step of generating a first baseband signal BB1 be performed. For example, the predistorter 112 of the data processor 110 the first baseband signal BB1 produce. The first baseband signal BB1 , generated in a predistortion setting mode, can be a predefined signal in exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, or a signal which consists of a transmission signal TXS was generated in exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept.

In the operational step S40 can be an operational step of sending a first RF signal RF1 be performed. For example, the transmitter 130 a first RF -Signal RF1 from the first baseband signal BB1 generate and the first RF -Signal RF1 through the antenna 150 send.

In the operational step S60 can be an operational step of getting the feedback FB based on the first RF -Signal RF1 be performed. That is why the feedback FB based on a signal sent by the antenna 150 are generated, the distortion being easily and accurately compensated for.

In the operational step S80 can be a step of nonlinearity compensation of the transmitter 130 based on the feedback FB be performed. For example, in the predistortion setting mode, the predistortion of the predistorter 112 are determined based on the feedback FB , In the wireless communication mode, the predistorter can 112 perform the predetermined predistortion and the first baseband signal BB1 produce.

15A and 15B 14 are flow diagrams of methods of transmitter nonlinearity compensation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 15A a method of generating a feedback for predistortion based on an RF signal which is generated by an antenna which is integrated in a device comprising a transmitter. 15B shows a method of receiving feedback from a device located outside a device comprising a transmitter. For example, the method can 15A through the device 200 the 2 be carried out and the procedure of 15B can through the device 900 the 9 be performed. Below is 15A with reference to 2 are described and 15B is with reference to 9 to be discribed. Furthermore, the same description as in 14 be omitted.

With reference to 15A can in operation S20a an operating step of generating a first baseband signal BB1 be performed. Next, in the operational step S40a an operating step of transmitting the first RF signal RF1 through the first antenna 250 be performed.

In the operational step S60a an operation step of receiving feedback may be performed. As shown in 15A , the operating step S60a an operational step S62A and an operational step S64a exhibit. In the operational step S62A can be an operational step of obtaining a second RF signal RF2 through the second antenna 290 be performed. For example, the recipient 270 the second RF signal RF2 from the second antenna 290 receive. In the operational step S64a may be an operational step of generating a second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 be performed. For example, the recipient 270 the second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF -Signal RF2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the data processor 210 deliver.

Next, in the operational step S80A an operational step of non-linearity compensation of the transmitter 230 based on the second baseband signal BB2 be performed.

With reference to 15B can a second device 22 generate a feedback to the non-linearity of a transmitter integrated in the first device 21 to compensate. In 15B is believed to be the first device 21 Components of the first device 900 the 9 having.

In the operational step S20b can the first device 21 a first baseband signal BB1 produce. Next, in the operational step S40B the first device 21 a first RF signal RF1 to the second device 22 send. For example, the first device 21 a first antenna 950 have and the first RF -Signal RF through the first antenna 950 send.

In the operational step S60b an operation step of generating and receiving feedback can be carried out. As shown in 15B , the operating step S60b a variety of operational steps S62b . S64B and S66B exhibit. In the operational step S62b can the second device 22 a second RF -Signal RF2 receive. For example, the second device 22 a second antenna 92 have and the second RF -Signal RF2 through the second antenna 92 receive. In the operational step S64B an operational step of generating a feedback can be carried out. For example, a second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF -Signal RF2 are generated and the feedback can be based on the second baseband signal BB2 be generated. In the operational step S66B can the second device 22 the feedback to the first device 21 deliver. For example, the second device 22 a feedback on the first device 21 over the same wireless channel as a wireless channel through which the first RF -Signal RF1 is sent, deliver. Alternatively, the second device 22 a feedback on the first device 21 via a communication channel different from the wireless channel through which the first RF -Signal RF1 is sent, deliver.

Next in the operational step S80B the first device 21 an operational step of compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter 930 based on the feedback.

16 10 is a flowchart of a method of transmitter nonlinearity compensation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 16 a method of non-linearity compensation of a transmitter, which is set up to a plurality of first RF To deliver signals to an antenna field. For example, the process of 16 through the device 600 the 6 or the first device 900d the 13 be carried out. The following is the procedure of 16 with reference to 6 to be discribed. In 16 can have the same description as in 14 be omitted.

In the operating step S20 ', an operating step of generating a first baseband signal BB1 be performed. In the operational step S40 ' can be an operation of sequentially transmitting a plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m be performed. For example, a control device 614 a variety of switches 640_1 to 640_m control and sequentially the plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m send. In the operational step S60 ' an operation step of receiving a variety of feedback can be performed. For example, the recipient 670 sequentially a variety of second RF Signals corresponding to the plurality of first RF -Signalen RF11 to RF1m through a second antenna 690 received and generate a plurality of second baseband signals corresponding to the plurality of second RF signals.

In the operational step S80 ' can be an operational step of compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter 630 based on feedback. As shown in 16 , the operating step S80 ' a variety of operational steps S82 . S84 and S86 exhibit. In the operational step S82 an operating step of estimating a plurality of phase changes can be carried out. For example, referring to Equation 4, the controller 614 calculate the average of m feedbacks for a predetermined period of time and estimate a value of (shifter _i + path _i ) (1≤i≤m). In the operational step S84 an operating step of normalizing a large number of feedback messages can be carried out. For example, a normalized second baseband signal BB_norm _i can be expressed in equation 5 (1≤i≤m): $$\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; B"\; filenames="DE102019111124A1\_0006.png,DE102019111124A1\_0012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B\; </figure-callout>}B2\_nOr{m}_i=\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B\; B"\; filenames="DE102019111124A1\_0006.png,DE102019111124A1\_0012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B\; </figure-callout>}B2\cdot exp\left(-j\cdot \left(sHifte{r}_i+pat{H}_i\right)\right)$$

In the operational step S86 an operating step of defining at least one parameter can be carried out. For example, the control device 614 calculate the average of m normalized second baseband signals, a set signal SET to the predistorter 612 provide and set at least one parameter to define the predistortion based on the average.

17 Fig. 10 is a flowchart of an example of an operation S40 and S60 the 14 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. For example, shows 17 an example in which an antenna field forms a beam to generate feedback. As described above with reference to FIG 14 , an operating step of transmitting a first RF signal RF1 in the operating step S40 " the 17 be performed and an operational step of receiving feedback based on the first RF signal RF1 can by the operating step S60 " the 17 be performed. For example, operational steps S40 " and S60 " the 17 through the device 500 the 5 or the first device 900c the 12 be performed. Below is 17 with reference to 5 to be discribed.

In terms of 17 the operation step S40 " an operational step S42 and an operational step S44 exhibit. In the operational step S42 can be an operational step of controlling the phase changer PS1 to PS m be carried out in such a way that a beam 4 to a second antenna 590 is oriented. For example, a control device 514 a first control signal C1 generate and the first control signal C1 to the transmitter 530 deliver so that a variety of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m the beam 4 to the second antenna 590 form. The multitude of phase changers PS1 to PS m can phase the plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m in response to the first control signal C1 switch.

In the operational step S44 can be an operational step of supplying the plurality of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m to a variety of first antennas 550_1 to 550_m be performed. For example, the transmitter 530 the large number of first RF signals RF11 to RF1m whose phases by the multitude of phase changers PS1 until PSm were changed to the large number of first antennas 550_1 to 550_m deliver.

With reference to 17 the operation step S60 " an operational step S62 and an operational step S64 exhibit. In the operational step S62 can be an operational step of obtaining a second RF signal RF2 through the second antenna 590 be performed. For example, the recipient 570 the second RF -Signal RF2 from the second antenna 590 receive.

In the operational step S64 may be an operational step of generating a second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 be performed. For example, the recipient 570 the second baseband signal BB2 from the second RF signal RF2 generate and the second baseband signal BB2 to the data processor 510 deliver. The beam 4 , formed in the operating step S40 " , can be received to the second baseband signal BB2 to create. Unlike the example in which a variety of feedback is received, as described with reference to FIG 16 , in exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, a single feedback can be obtained and the non-linearity of the transmitter 530 can be compensated based on the individual feedback.

18 Figure 3 is a block diagram of a communication device 50 according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. As shown in 18 , the communication device 50 an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) 51 , an application specific instruction set processor (ASIP) 53 , a memory 55 , a main processor 57 and a main memory 59 exhibit. At least two from the ASIC 51 , dms ASIP 53 and the main processor 57 can communicate with each other. Furthermore, at least one of the ASIC 51 , of the ASIP 53 , the memory 55 , the main processor 57 and the main memory 59 be embedded in a single chip.

The ASIP 53 can an integrated circuit ( IC ) that is adapted for special purposes. The ASIP 53 can support a dedicated instruction set for a specific application and can execute an instruction contained in the instruction set. The memory 55 can with the ASIP 53 communicate. The memory 55 may be a non-volatile storage device configured to execute a variety of instructions executed by the ASIP 53 , save. For example, the memory 55 have, but is not limited to, any type of memory that uses the ASIP 53 is accessible such. B. Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Tape, Magnetic Disc, Optical Disc, Volatile Memory, Non-Volatile Memory, and a combination thereof.

The main processor 57 can execute a variety of instructions and the communication device 50 Taxes. For example, the main processor 57 the ASIC 51 and the ASIP 53 control and receive data, process through a MIMO channel, or provide user input to the communication device 50 to process. The main memory 59 can with the main processor 57 communicate. The main memory 59 may be a non-volatile memory device configured to execute a variety of instructions executed by the main processor 57 save. For example, the main memory 59 have, but is not limited to, any type of memory that is provided by the main processor 57 is accessible such. B. RAM, ROM, a tape, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory and a combination thereof.

The above-described method of compensating for the nonlinearity of the transmitter according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept can be integrated in the communication device by at least one of components 50 the 18 be carried out. For example, the data processor (s) described above can have at least one, the ASIC 51 , the ASIP 53 , the store 55 , the main processor 57 and the main memory 59 exhibit. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, at least one of the operational steps of the method of compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter described above can be implemented as a plurality of instructions that are in memory 55 are saved. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, the ASIP 53 the multitude of instructions stored in memory 55 , and execute at least one of the operational steps of the method of compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter. In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, at least one of the operational steps of the method of compensating for the nonlinearity of the transmitter can be implemented as a hardware block, designed by logical synthesis and integrated in the ASIC 51 , In exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept, at least one of the operational steps of the method of compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter can be a plurality of instructions in the main memory 59 be saved. The main processor 57 can the variety of instructions stored in main memory 59 , and execute at least one of the operational steps of the method of compensating for the non-linearity of the transmitter.

Although the inventive concept has been shown and described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood that various changes in form and in details can be made without the scope of the inventive concept as defined in the following claims. to leave.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Non-patent literature cited

• C. Eun and E.J. Powers "A new Volterra predistorter based on the indirect learning architecture," IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 45, pp. 223-227, Jan. 1997 [0020]
• D. Lei, Zhou, Tong, "A Robust Digital Baseband Predistorter Constructed Using Memory Polynomials," IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 52, No. January 1, 2004 [0020]

Claims (25)

A communication device comprising: a transmitter (230; 330; 530; 630; 730; 830) for providing a first radio frequency (RF) signal (RF1) for a first antenna (250; 850), so that the first antenna (250; 850 ) outputs the first RF signal (RF1); a second antenna (290; 390; 590; 690; 890) for receiving the first RF signal (RF1) from the first antenna (250; 850) to generate a second RF signal (RF2); a receiver (270; 370; 570; 670; 770; 870) for receiving the second RF signal (RF2) from the second antenna (290; 390; 590; 690; 890), the receiver (270; 370; 570 ; 670; 770; 870) generates a feedback signal (BB2) from the second RF signal (RF2); and a control device (214; 314; 514; 614; 714; 814) which is configured to control predistortion based on the feedback signal (BB2). The communication device of the Claim 1 , further comprising a predistortion (212; 312; 512; 612; 712; 812), the control device (214; 314; 514; 614; 714; 814) the predistorter (212; 312; 512; 612; 712; 812) controls to perform the predistortion based on the feedback signal (BB2). The communication device of the Claim 2 , wherein the predistorter (212; 312; 512; 612; 712; 812) generates a baseband signal (BB1) by performing the predistortion based on the feedback signal (BB2) and the baseband signal (BB1) to the transmitter (230; 330; 530; 630 ; 730; 830) provides. The communication device according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first antenna comprises an antenna array (350_1 to 350_m; 650_1 to 650_m), the first RF signal comprises a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) and the second RF signal (BB2) on at least one of the plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) based. The communication device according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first antenna comprises an antenna field (550_1 to 550_m), the first RF signal comprises a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m), the antenna field outputs the plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) around a beam (4), and the second RF signal (RF2) is based on the beam (4). The communication device after Claim 5 , wherein the transmitter (530) has a plurality of phase changers (PS1 to PSm) and the control device (514) is set up to control the plurality of phase changers (PS1 to PSm) in such a way that the beam (4) to the second antenna ( 590) is directed. The communication device according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first antenna comprises a plurality of antennas (650_1 to 650_m) and the first RF signal comprises a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m), the communication device (600) also comprises a plurality of switches (640_1 to 640_m) , each being connected between the transmitter (630) and a corresponding one of the plurality of antennas (650_1 to 650_m), the control device (614) is arranged to control the plurality of switches (640_1 to 640_m) such that the A large number of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) are sent corresponding to the large number of antennas (650_1 to 650_m) and the receiver (670) is set up to receive the feedback signal (BB2) based on the large number of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) , which was output from the large number of antennas (650_1 to 650_m). The communication device after Claim 7 wherein the receiver (670) is arranged to generate the feedback signal (BB2) by averaging a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m). The communication device according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , wherein the first antenna is one of an antenna field (750_1 to 750_m) and the second antenna is another one of the antenna field (750_1 to 750_m), and the communication device (700) further comprises a plurality of switches (740_1 to 740_m) for Connecting the antenna field (750_1 to 750_m) with the transmitter (730) or the receiver (770) comprises. The communication device after Claim 9 , wherein the control device (714) is configured to control a first switch from the plurality of switches (740_1 to 740_m), such that the first RF signal (RF1) is transmitted by the first antenna, and wherein the control device ( 714) is further configured to control a second switch from the plurality of switches (740_1 to 740_m) such that the receiver receives the second RF signal from the second antenna. The communication device according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , which further comprises an insulator (820) which is between the first Antenna (850) and the second antenna (890) is arranged. The communication device after Claim 11 , wherein the isolator (820) is configured to provide a variable coupling between the first antenna (850) and the second antenna (890). A communication system comprising: a first device (900; 900a; 900b; 900c; 900d) having a transmitter (930; 930a; 930b; 930c; 930d) for outputting a first radio frequency (RF) signal through a first antenna (950; 950a ; 950b); and a second device (90; 90a; 90b; 90c; 90d), which has a second antenna (92; 92a; 92b; 92c; 92d), for receiving a first RF signal (RF1) to transmit a second RF signal ( RF2), a receiver (94; 94a; 94b; 94c; 94d) for receiving the second RF signal (RF2) from the second antenna (92; 92a; 92b; 92c; 92d) and a feedback generator (96; 96a ; 96b; 96c; 96d) for generating a feedback signal (FB; ENC; FBI) from the second RF signal (RF2), wherein the first device (900; 900a; 900b; 900c; 900d) further comprises a control device (914; 914a; 914b; 914c; 914d) which is configured to perform predistortion in response to the feedback signal (FB; ENC; FB1 ) supplied by the second device (90; 90a; 90b; 90c; 90d). The communication system after Claim 13 wherein the feedback signal (FB; ENC) is supplied from the second device (90; 90a; 90c; 90d) to the first device (900; 900a; 900c; 900d) via a wire signal path. The communication system according to one of the Claims 13 or 14 wherein the first device (900a) further comprises an interface circuit (980) for receiving an encrypted signal as the feedback signal (ENC) from the second device (90a) and for decrypting the encrypted signal according to a protocol. The communication system after Claim 13 , wherein the feedback generator of the second device (90b) has a modulator (96b_1) for supplying the feedback signal (FBI) to the first device (900b) via a wireless channel. The communication system after Claim 16 , wherein the first RF signal (RF1) and the feedback signal (FB1) are transmitted through the same wireless channel. The communication system after Claim 13 , wherein the first antenna comprises an antenna field (950c_1 to 950c_m), the first RF signal comprises a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m), the antenna field (950c_1 to 950c_m) comprises a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) outputs to form a beam (11) and the second RF signal (RF2) is based on the beam (11). The communication system after Claim 13 , wherein the first antenna comprises a plurality of antennas (950d_1 to 950d_m) and the first RF signal comprises a plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m), the first device (900d) further comprising a plurality of switches (940d_1 to 940d_m), each connected between the transmitter (930d) and a corresponding plurality of antennas (950d_1 to 950d_m), the control device (914d) being arranged to control the plurality of switches (940d_1 to 940d_m) in order to be sequential transmit the plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) to the plurality of antennas (950d_1 to 950d_m), the receiver (94d) being configured to receive a plurality of baseband signals (BB2) based on the plurality of RF signals (RF11 to RF1m) output from the plurality of antennas (950d_1 to 950d_m), and wherein the feedback generator (96d) is configured to generate the feedback signal (FB) based on the plurality of baseband signals (BB2). A method for nonlinearity compensation of a transmitter, comprising: Generating (S20a) a baseband signal (BB1) at a predistorter (212) of a communication device (200); , Generating a first radio frequency (RF) signal (RF1) from the baseband signal (BB1) at a transmitter of the communication device and transmitting (S40a) the first RF signal by a first antenna (250) of the communication device (200); Receiving (S62a) the first RF signal (RF1) by a second antenna (290) of the communication device (200) to generate a second RF signal (RF2) and generating (S64a) a feedback signal (BB2) from the second RF signal (RF2) at a receiver (270) of the communication device (200); and Nonlinearity compensation of the transmitter (230) based on a feedback signal (BB2). The procedure after Claim 20 , wherein the baseband signal (BB1) is a training signal. The procedure Claim 20 or 21 , wherein the baseband signal (BB1) is generated from a transmission signal (TXS) which is received by the predistorter (212). The procedure according to one of the Claims 20 to 22 , wherein predistortion of the predistorter (212) is determined based on the feedback signal (BB2). The procedure according to one of the Claims 20 to 23 , wherein the feedback signal (BB2) is a baseband signal. A communication device comprising: a predistorter configured to generate a first baseband signal (BB1); a transmitter (230; 330; 530; 630; 730; 830) configured to generate a first radio frequency (RF) signal (RF1) from a first baseband signal (BB1); a first antenna (250; 850) configured to output the first RF signal (RF1); a second antenna (290; 390; 590; 690; 890) configured to receive the first RF signal (RF1) and to output a second RF signal (RF2) corresponding to the first RF signal (RF1); a receiver (270; 370; 570; 670; 770; 870, which is configured to generate a feedback signal (BB2) from the second RF signal (RF2); and a control device (214; 314; 514; 614; 714 ; 814), which is configured to receive the feedback signal (BB2) and to estimate a non-linearity of the transmitter (230; 330; 530; 630; 730; 830) based on the feedback signal (BB2).

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