DE102019105601A1 - Method for determining the quality of a joint between three joining partners, a test system for use in a testing machine and a testing machine for determining the quality of such a joint - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for determining (232) a quality of a joint (101) between three joint partners (1, 2, 3) from a test system (100) with a first system (10) and a second system (20) each from a first joint partner ( 1), a second joining partner (2) and a third joining partner (3), the joining partners (1, 2, 3) being arranged one above the other and being joined to one another and the joining connection (101) between the joining partners (1, 2, 3) in both Systems (10, 20) is identical, the determination (232) of the quality of the joint (101) taking place with the aid of a testing machine (102). The invention also relates to a test system (100) for determining the quality of a joint (101) and a testing machine (102) for determining the quality of a joint (101) between three joint partners (1, 2, 3) from a test system (100).

Description

The present invention relates to a method for determining a quality of a joint between three joining partners from a test system according to the preamble of claim 1, a testing system for use in a testing machine and a testing machine for determining a quality of a joint between three joining partners from a testing system.

Safety plays a major role in automotive engineering. The body makes an important contribution to safety. This is made up of many individual body parts that can differ in thickness, material, hardness, size, etc. In order to get to the finished body, these body parts are joined, for example by spot welding, riveting, gluing, punching, etc. The number of joining partners can vary. So-called three-sheet connections, in which three sheets are joined together, for example by a spot welding process, represent a considerable proportion of joint connections. The use of new materials can also be observed in order to meet the constantly growing safety requirements with the simultaneous demand for fuel savings through lightweight body construction. This results in a large number of options for combining joining partners.

To determine the quality of a joint between several joining partners, sample shapes with a small dimension are produced, the sample shapes being used in testing machines. The specimen forms are clamped in the testing machine and the parts to be joined are loaded. It is currently disadvantageous that it is only possible to use test forms to determine the quality of a joint between two joint partners. However, each additional, for example a third, joining partner clearly influences the properties of the joint. There is therefore a need to be able to determine the quality of a joint between more than two joint partners, in particular three joint partners. This is important because joining connections have a significant influence on the strength of a vehicle body.

Through various load tests, conclusions and findings can be made with the help of sample forms about the quality of a joint. These conclusions and findings can then be used in body development. Because it is currently not possible to determine the quality of a joint with three joining partners, it is disadvantageous that no conclusions and findings can be incorporated into the development of such joints, in particular in the case of body joints.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to at least partially remedy the disadvantages described above in a method for determining the quality of a joint between three joint partners, in a testing system and a testing machine for determining the quality of a joint between three joint partners. In particular, the object of the present invention is to create a method, a test system and a testing machine for determining the quality of a joint between three joint partners from a test system, which enables the quality of a joint between a joint of three in a simple and inexpensive manner To determine joining partners.

The above object is achieved by a method with the features of claim 1, by a test system with the features of claim 7, and by a testing machine with the features of claim 11. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the method naturally also apply in connection with the test system according to the invention and the test machine and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is or can always be made to each other.

1. a) Bereitstellen des ersten Systems der drei aneinandergefügten Fügepartner,
2. b) Anordnen des ersten Systems in der Prüfmaschine,
3. c) Belasten des ersten Fügepartners und des zweiten Fügepartners des ersten Systems durch eine Belastungsvorrichtung der Prüfmaschine und Erfassen von ersten Belastungsmesswerten durch eine Sensoreinheit,
4. d) Speichern der ersten Belastungsmesswerte in einer Speichervorrichtung,
5. e) Bereitstellen des zweiten Systems der drei aneinandergefügten Fügepartner,
6. f) Anordnen des zweiten Systems in der Prüfmaschine,
7. g) Belasten des zweiten Fügepartners und des dritten Fügepartners des zweiten Systems durch eine Belastungsvorrichtung der Prüfmaschine und Erfassen von zweiten Belastungsmesswerten durch die Sensoreinheit,
8. h) Speichern der zweiten Belastungsmesswerte in der Speichervorrichtung,
9. i) Bestimmen der Qualität der Fügeverbindung zwischen den drei Fügepartnern auf Basis der gespeicherten ersten Belastungsmesswerte und zweiten Belastungsmesswerte.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the present invention has a method for determining the quality of a joint between three joint partners from a test system, comprising a first system and a second system each of a first joint partner, a second joint partner and a third joint partner. The joining partners are arranged one above the other and are joined to one another and the joining connection between the joining partners is identical in both systems, with the quality of the joining connection being determined with the aid of a testing machine. The procedure comprises the following steps:

1. a) Providing the first system of the three joined partners,
2. b) placing the first system in the testing machine,
3. c) loading of the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system by a loading device of the testing machine and recording of first measured load values by a sensor unit,
4. d) storing the first load measurement values in a storage device,
5. e) Providing the second system of the three joined partners,
6. f) placing the second system in the testing machine,
7. g) loading of the second joining partner and the third joining partner of the second system by a loading device of the testing machine and acquisition of second measured load values by the sensor unit,
8. h) storing the second load measurement values in the storage device,
9. i) Determining the quality of the joint between the three joining partners on the basis of the stored first load measurement values and second load measurement values.

Such a method can also be used to determine the quality of a joint between three joint partners using a testing machine that is designed to determine the quality of a joint between two joint partners. Existing testing machines can therefore also advantageously be used. What is particularly important in the method according to the invention is that a test system comprising a first system and a second system, which each consist of a first joining partner, a second joining partner and a third joining partner, are provided to determine the quality. The joining partners are arranged one above the other and joined together. It is particularly favorable here that both the first system and the second system have a simple and identical structure of the joining partners and the joining connections between the joining partners are identical in both systems. This enables a particularly inexpensive, simple and fast provision of a test system. Rivets, in particular punch rivets, clinch rivets or blind rivets, clinch connections, welded connections, in particular point-shaped welded connections, screws, in particular flow-hole screws, adhesive connections, etc.

The first system is provided in step a). The arrangement of the first system in the testing machine in step b) can be done by manual loading, but also by machine. Machine assembly is particularly advantageous if the quality of a joint is to be determined for a large number of test systems, since the high labor costs of a worker are then eliminated. It can also increase the throughput of test systems. Furthermore, the first and second joining partners can be received, in particular fastened, in the testing machine in such a way that a separate force application to the two aforementioned joining partners is possible. The first joining partner and the second joining partner can consequently each be fastened in a separate receiving device, in particular a receiving device of the loading device, of the testing machine. The third joining partner does not have to be recorded directly by the testing machine, but can be recorded indirectly via the arrangement on the second joining partner. This has the advantage that testing machines to determine the quality of a joint between two joint partners can also be used for the method according to the invention. The presence of the third joining partner of the first system advantageously contributes to the realistic simulation of a joining connection between three joining partners, in particular a body.

In step c), the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system are loaded. Loading can mean an introduction of a first force on the first joining partner and an introduction of a second force on the second joining partner by a loading device of the testing machine. For example, three rectangular metal sheets are arranged flat on top of one another and joined to one another in the middle, for example by means of a point welded connection. A loading device of a testing machine applies a first force parallel to the plane of extension of the three metal sheets (load application angle of 0 °; shear test) on the first metal sheet and a second force separately on the second metal sheet. The direction of the first force can be opposite to the direction of the second force. Due to the forces on the first and the second sheet, the first and the second sheet are pulled apart perpendicular to the joint. Furthermore, the loading device of the testing machine can also apply a first force to the first sheet and a second force to the second sheet perpendicular to the plane of extension of the sheets (load introduction angle of 90 °; head tensile test). Due to the first force on the first sheet and the second force on the second sheet, the first and second sheet are pulled apart parallel to the joint. For example, in a tensile shear test, the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system can be pulled apart at a speed of 10 mm per minute. It is also possible that the loading device only exerts a first force on the first sheet metal and the loading device does not exert any force on the second sheet metal, or vice versa. The second sheet is consequently held in place. Furthermore, the first joining partner and the second joining partner can also be loaded at a load application angle between 0 ° and 90 °. During the loading of the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system in step c), a sensor unit records the first measured stress values. Measured load values can be understood as physical values such as force, distance and energy. The loading of the first test system can end when the joint fails or when a required test load is reached.

In step d) of the method, the measured stress values recorded by the sensor unit are stored in a storage device, in particular on a storage medium of an internal or external computer.

In the next step e) the second system comprising the first joining partner, the second joining partner and the third joining partner is provided. The first system and the second system have the same structure of the joining partners, and the joining connection between the joining partners in both systems is identical. From a procedural point of view, steps e) to h) are equivalent to steps a) to d), with the first joining partner and second joining partner of the first system corresponding to the third joining partner and the second joining partner of the second system, respectively. All the advantages, explanations, explanations and examples mentioned for the first system in method steps a) to d) thus also apply to method steps e) to h) for the second system and vice versa.

The quality of the joint between the three joint partners is determined in step i) of the method. The basis for this is formed by the first measured stress values or stored second measured stress values stored in step d) and step h). Advantageously, by capturing the load measurement values for the joint between the first joining partner and the second joining partner in the first system and by acquiring the load measured values for the joining connection between the second joining partner and the third joining partner in the second system, the quality of the Joining connection between the first joining partner, the second joining partner and the third joining partner can be determined. The conclusions and insights gained from the test system about the quality of a joint between three joining partners can be incorporated into the development of car bodies, whereby the car body and its behavior under force influences can advantageously be simulated in a particularly realistic manner in a virtual design of a car body.

All the advantages, explanations, explanations and examples mentioned for the first system also apply to the second system and vice versa, the first joining partner and second joining partner of the first system corresponding to the third joining partner and the second joining partner of the second system, respectively.

The present method determines the quality of a joint between three joint partners in a particularly simple manner. The determination of the quality is advantageously characterized by a high level of accuracy, since the reproducibility of the test systems is particularly high due to their simple structure. In addition, testing machines that are used to determine the quality of a joint between two joint partners can also be used to determine the quality of a joint between three joint partners. Furthermore, the quality of a joint connection between three joint partners is determined in a simple manner from a test system with a first system and a second system. With the method according to the invention, a complex, imprecise and time-consuming determination of the quality of a joint between three joint partners from only one system is transformed into a simple, precise and fast determination of the quality of the joint between three joint partners from a test system with a first system and a second system transformed. Conclusions and insights gained about the quality of the joint between three joining partners can be incorporated into the development of vehicle bodies, which advantageously enables the body and its behavior under the influence of forces to be reproduced in a particularly realistic manner in a virtual design of a body.

According to a preferred further development of the invention, a method provides that, in order to provide the first system in step a), the first joining partner and the second joining partner are arranged overlapping one another and the third joining partner is arranged in the area of contacting the first joining partner and second joining partner on a surface the side of the second joining partner facing away from the first joining partner is arranged. Contacting can be understood to mean that the first joining partner is arranged flat on the second joining partner and that there is contact between the two joining partners in the areas of the flat arrangement. Overlapping should also mean that there can be areas of the first joining partner and the second joining partner in the contacting plane where the first joining partner and the second joining partner do not make contact. These surfaces are particularly suitable for being received, in particular fastened, in a loading device. A simple and defined load on the first joining partner and the second joining partner can be given by this. To provide the second system in step e), the second joining partner and the third joining partner are arranged overlapping one another and the first joining partner is arranged in the area of contacting the second joining partner and the third joining partner on a surface of the side of the second joining partner facing away from the third joining partner.

• - Kraftmesser
• - Wegmesser
• - Verformungsmesser
• - Zeitmesser

erfasst werden. Die Sensoreinheit kann wenigstens einen Kraftmesser aufweisen, wodurch für ein erstes System eine erste Kraft wirkend auf den ersten Fügepartner und eine zweite Kraft wirkend auf den zweiten Fügepartner erfasst werden können. Weiter kann die Sensoreinheit wenigstens einen Wegmesser umfassen, der Werte hinsichtlich des Weges der Belastungsvorrichtung erfasst. Als Weg kann die Veränderung der Position einer Aufnahmevorrichtung der Belastungsvorrichtung für einen Fügepartner verstanden werden. Beispielsweise können bei einer Scherzugprobe der erste Fügepartner und der zweite Fügepartner des ersten Systems mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 10 mm pro Minute auseinandergezogen werden. Vorteilhafterweise kann das Erfassen des Weges die Bestimmung der Qualität der Fügeverbindung verbessern. Durch das Erfassen von Kraft und Weg kann ein Kraft-Weg Diagramm erstellt werden, was weitere Rückschlüsse und Erkenntnisse zur Qualität der Fügeverbindung liefern kann. Ferner können Energiewerte aus dem Kraft-Weg Diagramm ermittelt werden, wodurch die Energieaufnahme der Fügeverbindung besonders einfach und genau bestimmt werden kann. Weiter kann die Sensoreinheit einen Verformungsmesser umfassen, wodurch eine Verformung der Fügeverbindung zwischen den drei Fügepartnern erfasst werden kann. Die Erfassung der Verformung kann beispielsweise optisch mittels mehrerer Laser oder wenigstens einer Kamera erfolgen. Weiter kann die Prüfmaschine, insbesondere die genannten Sensoren, wenigstens einen Zeitmesser aufweisen, womit eine Erfassung der Zeit möglich ist. Alle genannten Sensoren und weitere Sensoren zum Erfassen physikalischer Größen, wie Kraft, Weg, Energie, Verformung und Zeit, können vorteilhafterweise dazu beitragen, dass eine Bestimmung der Qualität einer Fügeverbindung eines Systems aus drei Fügepartnern akkurater und breiter erfolgen kann.For a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, a method provides that the first measured load values in step c) and / or the second measured load values in step g) by at least one of the sensors of the sensor unit listed below:

• - dynamometer
• - odometer
• - Deformation meter
• - timepiece

are recorded. The sensor unit can have at least one dynamometer, whereby a first force acting on the first joining partner and a second force acting on the second joining partner can be detected for a first system. The sensor unit can furthermore comprise at least one odometer which detects values relating to the path of the loading device. The change in the position of a receiving device of the loading device for a joining partner can be understood as the path. For example, in a tensile shear test, the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system can be pulled apart at a speed of 10 mm per minute. The detection of the path can advantageously improve the determination of the quality of the joint. By recording the force and displacement, a force-displacement diagram can be created, which can provide further conclusions and findings on the quality of the joint. Furthermore, energy values can be determined from the force-displacement diagram, as a result of which the energy consumption of the joint connection can be determined particularly easily and precisely. Furthermore, the sensor unit can comprise a deformation meter, whereby a deformation of the joint connection between the three joint partners can be detected. The deformation can for example be detected optically by means of several lasers or at least one camera. Furthermore, the testing machine, in particular the sensors mentioned, can have at least one timer, with which the time can be recorded. All of the sensors mentioned and other sensors for detecting physical quantities, such as force, path, energy, deformation and time, can advantageously contribute to determining the quality of a joint of a system made up of three joint partners more accurately and more broadly.

According to a preferred further development of the invention, a method provides that the recorded first load measurement values and / or the recorded second load measurement values are further processed into actual parameters with the aid of a program and, in order to determine the quality of the joint, the actual parameters with target parameters be compared in a comparison unit. Parameters such as a maximum force until the joint is destroyed, a deformation at the maximum force, a path until the joint is destroyed and the energy absorption until the joint is destroyed can be understood as parameters. Target parameters relate to existing parameters, for example those stored in a database. The comparison of the actual characteristic values with the nominal characteristic values by means of the comparison unit makes it possible to determine the quality of the joint connection between three joint partners in a simple manner. In this way, particularly advantageous combinations of joining partners and joining connections can be determined. Conclusions and knowledge gained about the quality of a joint between three joining partners can also be incorporated into the development of the bodies of motor vehicles.

According to a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, a method provides that steps a) to i) are repeated under the same conditions for a large number of identical test systems. By repeating for a large number of the same test systems under the same prerequisite, the quality of a joint can be determined particularly accurately. The large number of identical test systems can thus advantageously contribute to the statistical security of the knowledge and conclusions obtained.

• - 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° oder 90°

According to a preferred further development of the invention, a method provides that the loading in step c) and the loading in step g) are carried out for at least one further, different load application angle, in particular for one of the load application angles listed below:

• - 0 °, 15 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 ° or 90 °

By loading in step c) and loading in step g) for at least one further, different load application angle, characteristic values, such as the maximum force up to failure of the joint connection, can be obtained as a function of the load application angle. This enables a precise prediction of a failure of the joint for different loading directions, as they also occur in reality. Conclusions and knowledge gained from this can be used in development of bodies are included, whereby advantageously in a virtual design of a body, the body and its behavior under force influences can be simulated in a particularly realistic manner.

In a second aspect, the present invention also has a test system, the test system being used in a testing machine for determining the quality of a joint. The test system comprises a first system and a second system, each having a first joining partner, a second joining partner and a third joining partner, the joining partners being arranged on top of one another and joined to one another. The joining connection between the joining partners in both systems is identical, whereby for the first system the first joining partner and the second joining partner are arranged overlapping one another and the third joining partner in the area of contacting the first joining partner and the second joining partner on a surface facing away from the first joining partner Side of the second joining partner is arranged. For the second system, the second joining partner and the third joining partner are arranged overlapping one another and the first joining partner is arranged in the area of contacting the second joining partner and the third joining partner on a surface of the side of the second joining partner facing away from the third joining partner.

The quality of a joint between three joint partners is determined in a particularly simple manner by the test system. The test systems are advantageously characterized by a particularly simple structure. In addition, testing machines that are used to determine the quality of a joint between two joint partners can also be used to determine the quality of a joint between three joint partners.

According to a preferred further development of the invention, a test system provides that the first joining partner and / or the second joining partner and / or the third joining partner of the first system and / or the second system have a material thickness between 0.7 mm and 3 mm. By choosing the material thickness between 0.7 mm and 3 mm, the test system can advantageously be used to simulate a particularly realistic joining connection between three joining partners of a body. For a large part of the joint connections, in particular in a body, quality can therefore be determined by means of a test system according to the invention.

According to a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, a method can provide that the first joining partner of the first system has a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm, the second joining partner of the first system a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm and the third joining partner of the first system has a length of 4 cm and a width of 4 cm. Furthermore, the first joint partner of the second system has a length of 4 cm and a width of 4 cm, the second joint partner of the second system has a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm and the third joint partner of the second system has a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm. Furthermore, it can be particularly advantageous if the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system are rotated by 90 ° and the third joining partner and second joining partner of the second system are rotated by 90 °. By choosing the above-mentioned geometric dimensions, the first system and the second system can be used to determine the quality of a joint between three joint partners in a particularly simple manner. Furthermore, the first system and the second system can be arranged particularly easily in a testing machine. Furthermore, the first system and the second system can be accommodated particularly favorably and loaded by a loading device.

According to a preferred further development of the invention, it can be provided in a test system that the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first and the second system or the second joining partner and the third joining partner of the first system and the second system are joined separately in the contact area. For example, through the separate joining, it is possible to determine the quality of a joining connection for a situation in car body production in which a first joining partner and a second joining partner of a system are joined together and in a later step a third joining partner is joined to the first and second joining partner, be adjusted.

The test system according to the second aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as have already been described for the method according to the first aspect of the invention.

In a third aspect, the present invention also has a testing machine for determining a quality of a joint between three joint partners from a test system with a first system and a second system of a first joint partner, a second joint partner and a third joint partner. The joining partners are arranged one above the other and joined to one another, and the joint connection between the joining partners is identical in both systems. The testing machine comprises a loading device for loading the first joining partner and the second joining partner of the first system of the testing system and for loading the second joining partner and the third joining partner of the second system of the test system, a sensor unit for acquiring measured stress values and a storage device for storing the measured stress values. The testing machine is designed to carry out the method according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention.

• - Kraftmesser
• - Wegmesser
• - Verformungsmesser
• - Zeitmesser.

For a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, it can be provided in a testing machine that the sensor unit comprises at least one of the sensors listed below:

• - dynamometer
• - odometer
• - Deformation meter
• - timepiece.

According to a preferred further development of the invention, it can be provided in a testing machine that the testing machine has a computer unit and a program stored in the computer unit, which processes the recorded first measured load values and / or the recorded second measured load values into actual parameters, and a comparison unit for comparing the Includes actual parameters with target parameters.

For the described testing machine according to the third aspect, there are all the advantages that have already been described for the method according to the first aspect and the testing system according to the second aspect of the invention.

Further measures improving the invention emerge from the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are shown schematically in the figures. All of the features and / or advantages arising from the claims, the description or the drawings, including structural details, spatial arrangements and method steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in the various combinations. It should be noted that the figures are only of a descriptive character and are not intended to restrict the invention in any way.

• 1 ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
• 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ein erfindungsgemäßes Prüfsystem,
• 3 in einer Schnittdarstellung das in 2 dargestellte Prüfsystem, und
• 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Prüfmaschine in schematischer Darstellung.

A method according to the invention and a test system according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. They each show schematically:

• 1 a method according to claim 1,
• 2 in a perspective view a test system according to the invention,
• 3 in a sectional view the in 2 test system shown, and
• 4th a testing machine according to the invention in a schematic representation.

Elements with the same function and mode of operation are in the 1 to 4th each provided with the same reference numerals.

In 1 is the method according to the invention for determining 232 a quality of a joint 101 between three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 from a test system 100 with a first system 10 and a second system 20th shown as in the 2 shown. A testing machine is advantageously used 102 first for the steps 202 to 210 for the first system 10 and then the same testing machine 102 for the steps 222 to 230 for the second system 20th used. Tolerances and measurement inaccuracies of the testing machine 102 , especially the sensor unit 104 , then play a reduced role for the first measured stress values and second measured stress values. It is also conceivable to have two testing machines 102 to use the process of determining the quality of a joint 101 between three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 to accelerate. In step 202 the first system is provided 10 of the three joined partners 1 , 2 , 3 . An ordering 204 of the first system 10 in the testing machine 102 takes place in step 204 . The next step is loading 206 of the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 of the first system 10 by a loading device 115 the testing machine 102 and a capture 208 of first load measurements by a sensor unit 104 . In step 210 become the first stress readings in a storage device 108 saved. In step 222 becomes a second system 20th from three joined partners 1 , 2 , 3 provided. After removing the first test system 10 from the testing machine 102 becomes the second system 20th in the testing machine 102 arranged 224 . In the next step, the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 of the second system 20th by a loading device 115 the testing machine 102 burdened 226 . The acquisition of second load measurement values by the sensor unit 104 is by step 228 shown. After that it will save 230 of the second stress readings in the storage device 108 instead of.

This is followed by the determination 232 the quality of the joint 101 between the three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 on the basis of the stored first measured stress values and second measured stress values. This method can easily improve the quality of a joint 101 between three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 from a test system 100 with a first system 10 and a second system 20th also with the help of a Testing machine, which is designed to determine the quality of a joint between two joining partners, can be determined. This allows conclusions and findings about the quality of joints 101 between three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 be won. The body and its behavior under the influence of forces can thus be simulated in a particularly realistic manner in a virtual design.

2 illustrates a test system according to the invention in a perspective view 100 from a first system 10 and a second system 20th . The first system 10 and the second system 20th each include a first joining partner 1 , a second joining partner 2 and a third joining partner 3 . Both the first joining partner 1 of the first system 10 and the first joining partner 1 of the second system 20th , as well as the second joining partner 2 of the first system 10 and the second joining partner 2 of the second system 20th , as well as the third joining partner 3 of the first system 10 and the third joining partner 3 of the second system 20th the same material and thickness. The second joining partner 2 of the first system 10 and the second joining partner 2 of the second system 20th are also the same in terms of geometric dimensions. The geometrical dimensions of the first joining partner 1 of the first system 10 however, differ from the geometric dimensions of the first joining partner 1 of the second system 20th , as the first joining partner 1 in the second system 20th a size of the area of a contact 252 of the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 having. The geometrical dimensions of the third joining partner 3 of the second system 20th differ from the geometrical dimensions of the third joining partner 3 of the first system 10 , as the third joining partner 3 in the first system 10 a size of the area of a contact 242 of the second joining partner 2 and the first joining partner 1 having. The first system 10 in 2 includes the first joining partner on the lowest level 1 , in the middle level the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner on the top level 3 . The third joining partner is here 3 over the second joining partner 2 arranged and the second joining partner 2 again over the first joining partner 1 arranged. The three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 in the first system 10 are via a joint connection 101 joined together. The second system 20th includes the third joining partner on the lowest level 3 , in the middle level the second joining partner 2 and the first joining partner on the top level 1 . The first joining partner is 1 over the second joining partner 2 arranged and the second joining partner 2 again over the third joining partner 3 arranged. The three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 in the second system 20th are via a joint connection 101 joined together, the joint connection 101 identical to the joint 101 of the first system 10 is. Next are in the first system 10 the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 overlapping, in particular overlapping at a 90 ° angle, arranged on one another. The third joining partner 3 is in the area of contact 242 of the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 on a surface of the first joining partner 1 side facing away from the second joining partner 2 arranged. Furthermore, in the second system 20th the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 overlapping, in particular overlapping at a 90 ° angle, arranged on one another. The first joining partner 1 is in the area of contact 252 of the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 on a surface of the third joining partner 3 side facing away from the second joining partner 2 arranged. The joint connection 101 of the first system 10 and the second system 20th is in 2 for example in the middle of the respective contact area 242 , 252 to recognize. A plurality of joint connections can also advantageously be used 101 in the area of contact 242 , 252 be trained. A joint connection 101 can consequently also be understood as a multitude of individual joint connections. To determine the quality of a joint 101 between three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 becomes a test system 100 provided. By means of a loading device 115 a testing machine 102 can stress the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 of the first system 10 take place, with loading an introduction of a first force on the first joining partner 1 and introducing a second force on the second joining partner 2 is meant. The presence of the third joining partner 3 influences the joint 101 of the entire first system 10 and is necessary to determine the quality of the joint 101 between the three joining partners 1 , 2 and 3 . For example, the loading device conducts 115 the testing machine 102 perpendicular to the extension plane of the joint partners 1 , 2 and 3 (Load application angle of 90 °; head pull test) on the first joining partner 1 a first force and on the second joining partner 2 a second force. Through the first force on the first joining partner 1 and the second force on the second joining partner 2 become the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 parallel to the joint 101 pulled apart. Then by means of the loading device 115 the testing machine 102 a loading of the third joining partner 3 and the second joining partner 2 of the second system 20th take place, with loading an introduction of a first force on the third joining partner 3 and introducing a second force on the second joining partner 2 is meant. The presence of the first joining partner 1 influences the joint 101 of the entire second system 20th and is necessary to determine the quality of the joint 101 between the three joining partners 1 , 2 and 3 . For example, the loading device conducts 115 the testing machine 102 perpendicular to the extension plane of the joint partners 1 , 2 and 3 (Load application angle of 90 °; head tensile test) on the third joining partner 3 a first force and on the second joining partner 2 a second force. Through the first force on the third joining partner 3 and the second force on the second joining partner 2 become the third joining partner 3 and the second joining partner 2 parallel to the joint 101 pulled apart. With recorded load measurements for the first system 10 and captured stress readings for the second system 20th can improve the quality of the joint 101 between the three joining partners 1 , 2 and 3 can be determined for a load application angle of 90 °. The quality of a joint connection 101 between three joining partners 1 , 2 and 3 for other, different load application angles. This enables knowledge and conclusions to be drawn for different directions of exposure. The quality of a joint connection is advantageous 101 for a large number of identical test systems 100 performed under the same conditions, in particular the same load application angle and the same testing machine. This allows statistical parameters to be determined and the quality of a joint 101 can be reproduced particularly accurately.

3 shows in a sectional view the in 2 illustrated test system 100 . The test system 100 assigns the first system 10 and the second system 20th on. The first system 10 and the second system 20th each include the first joining partner 1 , the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 . The first system 10 includes the first joining partner on the lowest level 1 , in the middle level the second joining partner 2 and a third joining partner on the top level 3 . The third joining partner is here 3 over the second joining partner 2 arranged and the second joining partner 2 again over the first joining partner 1 arranged. The three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 in the first system 10 are via a joint connection 101 joined together. The second system 20th includes the third joining partner on the lowest level 3 , in the middle level the second joining partner 2 and the first joining partner on the top level 1 . The first joining partner is 1 over the second joining partner 2 arranged and the second joining partner 2 again over the third joining partner 3 arranged. The three joining partners 1 , 2 , 3 in the second system 20th are via a joint connection 101 joined together, the joint connection 101 identical to the joint 101 of the first system 10 is. The first joining partner 1 , the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 can consist of different materials and have different thicknesses.

4th shows a schematic representation of a testing machine according to the invention 102 , comprising a loading device 115 to load the first joining partner 1 and the second joining partner 2 of the first system 10 of the test system 100 and to load the second joining partner 2 and the third joining partner 3 of the second system 20th of the test system 100 , a sensor unit 104 for acquiring load measurements and a storage device 108 to save the load measurements. Furthermore, the testing machine 102 optionally a computer unit 109 and one in the computing unit 109 stored program which processes the recorded first measured stress values and / or the recorded second measured stress values into actual characteristic values, and optionally a comparison unit 107 for comparing the actual parameters with target parameters.

List of reference symbols

1

first joining partner

2

second joining partner

3

third joining partner

10

first system

20th

second system

100

Test system

101

Joint connection

102

Testing machine

104

Sensor unit

107

Comparison unit

108

Storage device

109

Computing unit

115

Loading device

202

Deploy the first system

204

Arranging the first system

206

Loading of the first and second joining partners of the first system

208

Acquisition of the first load measurements

210

Saving the first load measurements

222

Deploy the second system

224

Arranging the second system

226

Loading of the third and second joining partners of the second system

228

Acquisition of second load measurements

230

Save the second stress readings

232

Determining the quality of the joint

242

Area of contacting first system

252

Area of contacting the second system

Claims (13)

A method for determining (232) a quality of a joint (101) between three joint partners (1, 2, 3) from a test system (100) with a first system (10) and a second system (20) each from a first joint partner ( 1), a second joining partner (2) and a third joining partner (3), the joining partners (1, 2, 3) being arranged one above the other and being joined to one another and the joining connection (101) between the joining partners (1, 2, 3) in both Systems (10, 20) is identical, the determination (232) of the quality of the joint (101) taking place with the aid of a testing machine (102), comprising the steps of: a) Providing (202) the first system (10) of the three joined-together partners (1, 2, 3), b) arranging (204) the first system (10) in the testing machine (102), c) Loading (206) of the first joining partner (1) and the second joining partner (2) of the first system (10) by a loading device (115) of the testing machine (102) and recording (208) of first measured load values by a sensor unit (104) , d) storing (210) the first load measurement values in a storage device (108), e) providing (222) the second system (20) of the three joined partners (1, 2, 3), f) arranging (224) the second system (20) in the testing machine (102), g) loading (226) of the second joining partner (2) and the third joining partner (3) of the second system (20) by a loading device (115) of the testing machine (102) and recording (228) of second load measurement values by the sensor unit (104) , h) storing (230) the second load measurement values in the storage device (108), i) Determination (232) of the quality of the joint connection (101) between the three joint partners (1, 2, 3) on the basis of the stored first load measurement values and second load measurement values. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that to provide (202) the first system (10) in step a), the first joining partner (1) and the second joining partner (2) are arranged overlapping one another (240) and the third joining partner (3) in the area of the Contacting (242) of the first joining partner (1) and second joining partner (2) is arranged on a surface of the side of the second joining partner (2) facing away from the first joining partner (1), and wherein for providing (222) the second system (20) in step e) the second joining partner (2) and the third joining partner (3) are arranged overlapping one another and the first joining partner (1) in the area of contacting (252) of the second joining partner (2) and third joining partner (3) on a surface the side of the second joining partner (2) facing away from the third joining partner (3) is arranged. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first measured load values in step c) and / or the second measured load values in step g) are recorded by at least one of the sensors (103) of the sensor unit (104) listed below: - force meter - displacement meter - deformation meter - timer (208, 228). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recorded first load measurement values and / or the recorded second load measurement values are further processed into actual parameters with the aid of a program and the actual parameters for determining (232) the quality of the joint (101) are compared with nominal parameters in a comparison unit (107). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that steps a) to i) are repeated for a large number of identical test systems (100). Procedure according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the loading (206) in step c) and the loading (226) in step g) are carried out for at least one further, different load application angle, in particular for one of the load application angles listed below: - 0 °, 15 ° , 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 75 ° or 90 °. Test system (100), the test system (100) being used in a test machine (102) to determine the quality of a joint (101), the test system (100) comprising a first system (10) and a second system (20) a first joining partner (1), a second joining partner (2) and a third joining partner (3), the joining partners (1, 2, 3) being arranged one above the other and being joined to one another and the joining connection (101) between the joining partners (1, 2 , 3) is identical in both systems (10, 20), whereby for the first system (10) the first joining partner (1) and the second joining partner (2) are arranged overlapping one another and the third joining partner (3) in the contact area (242) of the first joining partner (1) and the second joining partner (2) is arranged on a surface of the side of the second joining partner (2) facing away from the first joining partner (1), and the second joining partner (20) for the second system (20). 2) and the third joining partner (3) over lapping are arranged next to each other and the first joining partner (1) is arranged in the area of contacting (252) of the second joining partner (2) and the third joining partner (3) on a surface of the side of the second joining partner (2) facing away from the third joining partner (3) . The test system (100) according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the first joining partner (1) and / or second joining partner (2) and / or third joining partner (3) of the first system (10) and / or second system (20) have a material thickness between 0.7 mm and 3 mm. The test system (100) according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the first joining partner (1) of the first system (10) has a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm, the second joining partner (2) of the first system (10) has a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm and the third joining partner (3) of the first system (10) has a length of 4 cm and a width of 4 cm, and the first joining partner (1) of the second system (20) has a length of 4 cm and a width of 4 cm, the second joining partner (2) of the second system (20) a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm and the third joining partner (3) of the second system (20) a length of 12 cm and a width of 4 cm. The test system (100) according to Claim 7 to 9 , characterized in that the first joining partner (1) and second joining partner (2) of the first (10) and second system (20) or the second joining partner (2) and the third joining partner (3) of the first system (10) and second Systems (20) in the area of contacting (242, 252) are joined separately (270). A testing machine (102) for determining the quality of a joint (101) between three joint partners (1, 2, 3) from a test system (100) with a first system (10) and a second system (20) each from a first joint partner ( 1), a second joining partner (2) and a third joining partner (3), the joining partners (1, 2, 3) being arranged one above the other and being joined to one another and the joining connection (101) between the joining partners (1, 2, 3) in both Systems (10, 20) is identical, with the testing machine (102) having a loading device (115) for loading the first joining partner (1) and the second joining partner (2) of the first system (10) of the testing system (100) and for loading the second joining partner (2) and the third joining partner (3) of the second system (20) of the test system (100), a sensor unit (104) for capturing load measurement values and a storage device (108) for storing the load measurement values, the testing machine for performing of the Ve follow one of the previous ones Claims 1 to 6th is trained. The testing machine (102) after Claim 11 , characterized in that the sensor unit (104) comprises at least one of the sensors (103) listed below: - force meter - displacement meter - deformation meter - timer. The testing machine (102) after Claim 11 or 12 , characterized in that the testing machine (102) has a computer unit (109) and a program stored in the computer unit (109) which processes the recorded first measured stress values and / or the recorded second measured stress values into actual parameters, and a comparison unit (107) for comparing the actual characteristic values with target characteristic values.

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