DE102019007654A1 - Recycling of rotor blades - Google Patents

Recycling of rotor blades Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102019007654A1
DE102019007654A1 DE102019007654.0A DE102019007654A DE102019007654A1 DE 102019007654 A1 DE102019007654 A1 DE 102019007654A1 DE 102019007654 A DE102019007654 A DE 102019007654A DE 102019007654 A1 DE102019007654 A1 DE 102019007654A1
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rotor blade
shredded
blade parts
panels
rotor
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Roland Stoer
Cuimei Zhang
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Priority to CN202011157963.4A priority patent/CN112706315A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0042—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/40—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
    • B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
    • B29B2017/0021—Dividing in large parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/042—Mixing disintegrated particles or powders with other materials, e.g. with virgin materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Recycling von Rotorblättern (1), bei dem nach der Demontage der Rotorblätter (1) vor Ort entweder ein Schneiden der Rotorblätter (1) in mit Standard LKW transportierbare Rotorblattteile und deren Abtransport zu einer Aufbereitungsanlage, wo das weitere Zerlegen der Rotorblattteile nach Festigkeitseigenschaften vorgenommen wird, erfolgt oder ein Schneiden der Rotorblätter entlang des Holmkappen-/Holmbahn-System als sofortige Maßnahme zum Zerlegen der Rotorblattteile nach Festigkeitseigenschaften vorort vorgenommen wird und woran sich jeweils anschließen ein Schreddern der in erster Linie Fasern und/oder Kernmaterialien enthaltenen Rotorblatteile und deren Verpressen zu Formkörpern.The invention relates to a method for recycling rotor blades (1), in which, after dismantling the rotor blades (1) on site, either cutting the rotor blades (1) into rotor blade parts that can be transported by standard truck and transporting them to a processing plant, where further dismantling the rotor blade parts are made according to their strength properties, or the rotor blades are cut along the spar cap / spar track system as an immediate measure to dismantle the rotor blade parts according to their strength properties, followed by shredding of the primarily fibers and / or core materials Rotor blade parts and their pressing to form molded bodies.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft das Recycling von Rotorblättern von Windkraftanlagen.The invention relates to the recycling of rotor blades for wind turbines.

Weltweit arbeiten gegenwärtig mehr als 100 000 Windkraftanlagen. Die berechnete Lebensdauer derartiger Anlagen beträgt zwischen 20 und 25 Jahren, so dass im nächsten Jahrzehnt etwa 150 000 bis 250 000 Tonnen an Rotorblattmaterialien recycelt werden müssen. Die Rotorblätter sehen zwar in der Regel unversehrt aus, haben aber aufgrund der Alterung nicht mehr die notwendigen mechanischen Materialeigenschaften. Dabei handelt es sich um komplexe Harzmischungen (Epoxidharze, Polyesterharze), Verstärkungsfasern (Glas- und/oder Carbonfasern), Kernmaterialien (PVC, PET, Holz) sowie eingebettete metallische Strukturen.There are currently more than 100,000 wind turbines in operation worldwide. The calculated service life of such systems is between 20 and 25 years, so that in the next decade around 150,000 to 250,000 tons of rotor blade materials will have to be recycled. The rotor blades usually look intact, but due to aging, they no longer have the necessary mechanical material properties. These are complex resin mixtures (epoxy resins, polyester resins), reinforcing fibers (glass and / or carbon fibers), core materials (PVC, PET, wood) and embedded metallic structures.

Bekannt ist es aus der CN 108 097 706 A , faserverstärkte Kunststoffe zu recyceln, indem diese zu schmalen Strängen geschreddert und formgewalzt werden für neue Faserverbundwerkstoffe. Das ist jedoch nur ein kleiner Ausschnitt aus einem Recyclingprogramm für Rotorblätter.It is known from the CN 108 097 706 A to recycle fiber-reinforced plastics by shredding them into narrow strands and forming them into new fiber composites. However, this is only a small part of a recycling program for rotor blades.

Ein anderer Ansatz besteht darin, die Rotorblätter der alten Windräder, die aus GFK bestehen, zu schreddern und mit Reststoffen aus der Papierherstellung zu mischen. Das Produkt kann dann in Zementwerken als Ersatzbrennstoff genutzt werden. Kritsch bei dieser Lösung ist, dass Stoffe verbrannt und vernichtet werden, die eigentlich viel sinnvoller für andere Zwecke genutzt werden könnten und/oder umweltbelastende Emissionen verursachen.Another approach is to shred the rotor blades of the old wind turbines, which are made of GRP, and mix them with residues from paper production. The product can then be used as a substitute fuel in cement works. The critical aspect of this solution is that substances are burned and destroyed that could actually be used much more sensibly for other purposes and / or cause polluting emissions.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren für das Recycling von Rotorblättern vorzuschlagen, das geeignet ist, am Markt befindliche Produkte zu ersetzen und damit auf deren Produktion aus neuen Materialien zu verzichten.The object of the invention is to propose a method for recycling rotor blades which is suitable for replacing products on the market and thus foregoing production from new materials.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Verfahrensanspruches 1. Anspruch 10 benennt ein Produkt. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved with the features of process claim 1. Claim 10 names a product. Advantageous configurations are the subject of the subclaims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sieht vor, dass nach der Demontage der Rotorblätter vor Ort erfolgt

  1. a) entweder ein Schneiden der Rotorblätter in mit Standard-LKW transportierbare Rotorblattteile und deren Abtransport zu einer Aufbereitungsanlage, wo das weitere Zerlegen der Rotorblattteile nach Festigkeitseigenschaften vorgenommen wird oder
  2. b) ein Schneiden der Rotorblätter entlang des Holmkappen-/Holmbahn-Systems als sofortige Maßnahme zum Zerlegen der Rotorblattteile nach Festigkeitseigenschaften, woran sich jeweils anschließen
  3. c) ein Schreddern der in erster Linie Fasern und/oder Kernmaterialien enthaltenen Rotorblatteile und
  4. d) deren Verpressen zu Formkörpern.
The method according to the invention provides that the rotor blades are dismantled on site
  1. a) either cutting the rotor blades into rotor blade parts that can be transported with a standard truck and transporting them to a processing plant, where the rotor blade parts are further dismantled according to their strength properties, or
  2. b) cutting the rotor blades along the spar cap / spar track system as an immediate measure to dismantle the rotor blade parts according to strength properties, which is then followed in each case
  3. c) shredding the rotor blade parts, which primarily contain fibers and / or core materials, and
  4. d) pressing them into molded bodies.

Das benannte Holmkappen-/Holmbahn-System kann auch als Gurt-/Steg-System bezeichnet werden. Die Holme bzw. Gurte befinden sich auf der Saug- und der Druckseite des Rotorblattes und sind durch Stege miteinander verbunden Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist an die konkreten Vorortbedingungen angepasst und berücksichtigt einen effektiven Transport. Natürlich ist es auch möglich die im Verfahrensschritt b) gewonnenen Rotorblattteile so einzukürzen, dass ein Transport mit Standard-LKW erfolgen kann.The aforementioned spar cap / spar panel system can also be referred to as a belt / web system. The spars or belts are located on the suction and pressure side of the rotor blade and are connected to one another by webs. The method according to the invention is adapted to the specific on-site conditions and takes effective transport into account. Of course, it is also possible to shorten the rotor blade parts obtained in process step b) so that they can be transported with a standard truck.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens werden nach der Demontage der Rotorblätter die Spitze und/oder die Wurzel abgetrennt, da diese insbesondere einlaminierte Metallteile enthalten, die das Schreddern teuer, wenn nicht sogar unmöglich machen würden. Vielmehr können diese Teile einer gesonderten weiteren Verarbeitung zugeführt werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the method, after the dismantling of the rotor blades, the tip and / or the root are separated off, since these in particular contain metal parts laminated in, which would make shredding expensive, if not even impossible. Rather, these parts can be fed to a separate further processing.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens sieht vor, dass die Rotorblattteile vor dem Schreddern einer Reinigung unterzogen werden, da dann die Rotorblattteile noch größere flächige Abschnitte aufweisen, die effektiver zu reinigen sind als geschreddertes Material.Another embodiment of the method provides that the rotor blade parts are subjected to cleaning before being shredded, since the rotor blade parts then have even larger flat sections which can be cleaned more effectively than shredded material.

Eine weitere Differenzierung des Rotorblattmaterials nach Festigkeitseigenschaften, im Rahmen des Verfahrens, wobei dies nicht 100%ig erfolgen muss, sieht vor, dass vorwiegend unidirektionale Fasern enthaltene Rotorblattteile getrennt von denen mit multiaxialer Ausrichtung der Fasern geschreddert werden.Another differentiation of the rotor blade material according to strength properties, within the scope of the method, whereby this does not have to be 100%, provides that rotor blade parts containing predominantly unidirectional fibers are shredded separately from those with multiaxial orientation of the fibers.

Damit stehen zwei Ausgangsstoffe unterschiedlicher Festigkeit zur Verfügung, die gezielt für den Aufbau von Baustoffstrukturen nutzbar sind.This means that two starting materials with different strengths are available that can be used specifically for building material structures.

So lassen sich z.B. auch Formkörper, insbesondere Paneele, herstellen, deren äußere Lagen im wesentlichen unidirektionalen Fasern in geschredderter Form aufweisen, während die inneren Lagen aus geschredderten Rotorblattteilen mit multiaxialer Ausrichtung der Fasern bestehen. Die Herstellung der Paneele erfolgt dabei unter Zusatz von Harz, Wärme und DruckFor example, molded bodies, in particular panels, can also be produced, the outer layers of which have essentially unidirectional fibers in shredded form, while the inner layers consist of shredded rotor blade parts with a multiaxial orientation of the fibers. The panels are manufactured with the addition of resin, heat and pressure

Die Herstellung derartiger Paneele erfolgt bevorzugt in einer Form, so dass ein Beschneiden von Rädern und damit ein erneuter Anfall von Rotorblattmaterialien entfällt.The production of such panels is preferably carried out in a form, so that a trimming of Wheels and thus a renewed accumulation of rotor blade materials are eliminated.

Die Erfindung soll anhand der Zeichnungen bei Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

  • 1 das Zerlegen eines Rotorblattes und
  • 2 ein Paneel.
The invention is to be explained with reference to the drawings in exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • 1 dismantling a rotor blade and
  • 2 a panel.

1 zeigt an einem Beispiel das Zerlegen eines Rotorblattes um zu weiter verarbeitbaren Rotorblattmaterial zu gelangen. 1 shows an example of the dismantling of a rotor blade in order to obtain further processable rotor blade material.

Neben dem Abtrennen der Spitze und der Wurzel (Schnitte x, y) werden weitere sieben Schritte za - zg entlang des Holmkappen-/Holmbahn-Systems in Rotorblattlängsrichtung vorgenommen. Der Schritt zg trennt dabei die Vorderkante ungefähr im Bereich der Schalenverklebung des Rotorblattes 1.In addition to severing the tip and the root (cuts x , y ) a further seven steps z a - z g are carried out along the spar cap / spar track system in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade. Step z g separates the leading edge approximately in the area of the gluing of the shell of the rotor blade 1 .

Im Weiteren werden vier Schritte ua - ue zum Trennen der Holmkappen 4 von den Holmstegen 5 vorgenommen.In the following there are four steps u a - u e for separating the spar caps 4th from the spar webs 5 performed.

Sind die so gewonnenen Abschnitte für einen Transport mit Standard-LKWs noch zu lang, werden die entsprechenden Abschnitte eingekürzt.If the sections obtained in this way are still too long for transport with standard trucks, the corresponding sections are shortened.

In der 2 ist ein aus beim Recycling gewonnenen geschredderten Rotorblattmaterialen unter Zusatz von Harzen in einer Form unter Verwendung von Druck und Wärme herstellbares Paneel 6 dargestellt. Für die beiden äußeren Lagen 7 werden geschredderte unidirektionale Glasfasern enthaltene Rotorblattmaterialien eingesetzt, während die mittleren Lagen 8 Rotorblattmaterialen mit multiaxialen Glasfasern und/oder Kernmaterialien enthalten. Das benannte Fasermaterial dominiert in den jeweiligen Lagen, schließt somit nicht aus, dass auch andere Fasern in geringen Mengen vorhanden sind.In the 2 is a panel that can be manufactured from shredded rotor blade materials obtained during recycling with the addition of resins in a mold using pressure and heat 6th shown. For the two outer layers 7th rotor blade materials containing shredded unidirectional glass fibers are used, while the middle layers 8th Contain rotor blade materials with multiaxial glass fibers and / or core materials. The named fiber material dominates in the respective layers, so it does not rule out that other fibers are also present in small quantities.

Das Verpressen erfolgt in Formen. Dadurch fallen keine nichtverwertbaren Abschnitte an.The pressing takes place in molds. This means that there are no unusable sections.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
RotorblattRotor blade
22
Wurzelroot
33
Spitzetop
44th
HolmkappeSpar cap
55
HolmstegHolmsteg
66th
PaneelPanel
77th
äußere Lageouter layer
88th
innere Lage inner situation
xx
Schnittcut
yy
Schnittcut
zz
SchnitteCuts
uu
SchnitteCuts

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent literature cited

  • CN 108097706 A [0003]CN 108097706 A [0003]

Claims (12)

Verfahren zum Recycling von Rotorblättern (1) bei dem nach der Demontage der Rotorblätter (1) vor Ort erfolgt a. entweder ein Schneiden der Rotorblätter (1) in mit Standard LKW transportierbare Rotorblattteile und deren Abtransport zu einer Aufbereitungsanlage, wo das weitere Zerlegen der Rotorblattteile nach Festigkeitseigenschaften vorgenommen wird oder b. ein Schneiden der Rotorblätter entlang des Holmkappen-/Holmbahn-System als sofortige Maßnahme zum Zerlegen der Rotorblattteile nach Festigkeitseigenschaften, woran sich jeweils anschließen c. ein Schreddern der in erster Linie Fasern und/oder Kernmaterialien enthaltenen Rotorblatteile und d. deren Verpressen zu Formkörpern.Process for recycling rotor blades (1) in which the rotor blades (1) are dismantled on site a. either cutting the rotor blades (1) into rotor blade parts that can be transported by standard truck and transporting them to a processing plant, where the rotor blade parts are further dismantled according to their strength properties, or b. cutting the rotor blades along the spar cap / spar track system as an immediate measure to dismantle the rotor blade parts according to strength properties, which is then followed in each case c. shredding of the rotor blade parts, which primarily contain fibers and / or core materials, and d. pressing them into moldings. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im Verfahrensschritt 1 b. gewonnenen Rotorblattteile so eingekürzt werden, dass ein Transport mit Standard-LKW erfolgen kann.Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the in process step 1 b. The rotor blade parts obtained can be shortened so that they can be transported with a standard truck. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach der Demontage der Rotorblätter (1) die Spitze und/oder die Wurzel abgetrennt werden, da diese insbesondere einlaminierte Metallteile enthalten, die einer gesonderten weiteren Verarbeitung zugeführt werden.Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that after the dismantling of the rotor blades (1), the tip and / or the root are cut off, since these in particular contain metal parts laminated in, which are fed to separate further processing. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotorblattteile vor dem Schreddern einer Reinigung unterzogen werden, da dann die Rotorblattteile noch größere flächige Abschnitte aufweisen, die effektiver zu reinigen sind als geschreddertes Material.Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the rotor blade parts are subjected to cleaning before shredding, since the rotor blade parts then have even larger flat sections which can be cleaned more effectively than shredded material. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vorwiegend unidirektionale Fasern enthaltene Rotorblattteile getrennt von denen mit multiaxialer Ausrichtung der Fasern geschreddert werden.Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that rotor blade parts containing predominantly unidirectional fibers are shredded separately from those with multiaxial alignment of the fibers. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Formkörper Paneele (6) sind, vorzugsweise mehrlagig, die unter Zusatz von Harz, Wärme und Druck hergestellt werden.Method according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the molded bodies are panels (6), preferably multilayered, which are produced with the addition of resin, heat and pressure. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als äußere Lagen (7) für die Paneele (6) die geschredderten Rotorblattmaterialien eingesetzt werden, die die höchste Festigkeit aufweisen.Procedure according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the shredded rotor blade materials which have the highest strength are used as outer layers (7) for the panels (6). Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden äußeren Lagen (7) oder äußere Lagen (7) unidirektionale Glasfasern enthalten.Procedure according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the two outer layers (7) or outer layers (7) contain unidirectional glass fibers. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die mittleren Lagen (8) der Paneele (6) geschreddertes Rotorblattmaterial enthaltend multiaxiale Glasfasern und/oder Kernmaterialien verwendet werden.Procedure according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that shredded rotor blade material containing multiaxial glass fibers and / or core materials are used for the middle layers (8) of the panels (6). Paneele (6) hergestellt aus Lagen (7, 8) von geschreddertem Rotorblattmaterial unter Zusatz von Harzen in unter Verwendung von Druck und Wärme.Panels (6) made from layers (7, 8) of shredded rotor blade material with the addition of resins using pressure and heat. Paneele (6) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die beiden äußeren Lagen (7) oder äußere Lagen (7) der Paneele (6) unidirektionalen Glasfasern enthaltene geschredderte Rotorblattmaterialien eingesetzt sind.Panels (6) Claim 10 , characterized in that shredded rotor blade materials containing unidirectional glass fibers are used for the two outer layers (7) or outer layers (7) of the panels (6). Paneele nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mittleren Lagen (8) geschreddertes Rotorblattmaterial mit multiaxialen Glasfasern und/oder Kernmaterialien enthalten.Panels according to Claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that the middle layers (8) contain shredded rotor blade material with multiaxial glass fibers and / or core materials.
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