DE102019000862A1 - Identification document and method for producing an identification document - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an identification document (10) with a substrate (30) and with a security feature recognizable from at least one side of the substrate (30) as an optical marking (18), the marking (18) at least one black component (20) and at least one colored Component (22, 24, 26, 28), the black component (20) being visible at least when illuminated with light with normal spectral distribution and the colored component (22, 24, 26, 28) at least partially through a UV light color that can be stimulated to glow is formed, which is essentially only visible when illuminated with UV light. The invention also relates to a method for producing an identification document.

Description

The invention relates to an identification document. The invention further relates to a method for producing an identification document.

Identification documents are an important part of modern societies. Identification documents make it possible to identify people and / or to identify certain authorizations for their owners. For example, an identification document can be a passport, an identity card, a driver's license, a bank card, such as a credit card or cash card, labels and / or access cards.

Due to their great importance for everyday life, for example for business interactions and access restrictions, the security against forgery of identification documents is particularly important. For this purpose, identification documents can have one or more security features by means of which the authenticity of the identification document can be checked and which make it difficult to forge and / or manipulate identification documents.

In the EP 2 308 687 A1 describes an identification document with a substrate and a laminating film connected to the substrate. It is proposed to provide at least two optical markings for the identification document as one security feature each. With the first marking or with the one security feature, text, number and image data are provided in a first area on the laminating film, which are visible to the naked eye when illuminated by daylight. For the second marking or for the second security feature, a fluorescent substance is arranged on the side of the substrate facing the laminating film. This means that the fluorescent substance is essentially arranged for an observer on or under the laminating film. In a second area spaced apart from the first area, the surface of the substrate is engraved or scratched in the manner of a grayscale image. When illuminated with UV light, however, the fluorescent substance arranged above the surface engraving is stimulated to glow, depending on the gray level. Accordingly, fluorescent image data is then visible.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a particularly tamper-proof identification document and a method for producing a particularly tamper-proof and tamper-proof identification document. In particular, by improving the security against manipulation and counterfeiting compared to already known identification documents, advances in counterfeiting and manipulation of identification documents are countered.

These objects are solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous refinements and practical developments of the invention are specified in the respective subclaims.

The invention relates to an identification document. The identification document can have a substrate. A security feature designed as an optical marking can be provided at least on one side of the substrate. The security feature designed as an optical marking can also be referred to as an optical security feature. The marking can have at least one black component and at least one colored component. These two parts preferably together form the optical marking or the security feature.

The black component can be designed to be visible at least when illuminated with light with a normal spectral distribution. The colored portion can be at least partially formed by a color that can be excited to shine under UV light, which color is essentially only visible when illuminated with UV light. In particular, the colored portion can thus essentially only be visible when illuminated with UV light.

This is based on the idea that a security feature formed from two parts is much more difficult to forge and / or manipulate. For counterfeiting, the two parts must be matched to one another at least as well as the real security feature so that counterfeiting or manipulation is not noticeable. In addition, there is the difficulty of manipulating or reproducing each part yourself. This is made even more difficult by a partial overlap. In addition, color that can be excited under UV light is expensive and difficult to obtain. Color matching, in particular to the black component and / or different colors and combinations thereof, is also difficult. In addition, the colored part is hardly or not at all recognizable in normal light. Accordingly, a counterfeiter or manipulator must first recognize that this additional colored portion is present in the security feature in order to manipulate or forge it. Overall, the security against manipulation and counterfeiting is significantly increased. A forgery can be an unauthorized production of an identification document. Manipulation can affect the unauthorized modification of an identification document that is genuine per se.

In the present case, visible can mean that something, in particular a respective portion, can be seen with the naked eye. Light with normal spectral distribution can also be called normal light. Light with normal spectral distribution can be defined, for example, as daylight, white light, and / or light with spectral distribution mainly or with a predominant portion in the visible wavelength range. Light with a smaller radiation component in the wavelength range of UV light, as can be the case in daylight, is considered normal light and not UV light. For example, normal light can also correspond to the usual light for illuminating interior areas, such as generated by ceiling lamps in a building. Accordingly, UV light can be defined as light or radiation with a predominant portion in the UV spectral range. UV light is also referred to as ultraviolet radiation or UV radiation, colloquially also black light. The UV light can in particular be artificially generated light with a high proportion in the UV wavelength range, preferably with a predominant proportion in the UV wavelength range, particularly preferably with a larger proportion in the UV wavelength range than is possible in daylight. UV light can be generated for example by a UV lamp or black light lamp.

Color that can be excited to shine with UV light is also referred to as UV color. The stimulable color is excited to visible colored glow when irradiated with UV light. The excitable color then emits radiation or light with at least a portion in the visible spectral or wavelength range. The color can therefore be a substance that can be stimulated to shine in color. Under UV light, the glow of the color can be perceived by the human eye as blue, red, green, yellow, magenta, etc.

The substrate can have one or more layers, for example. In particular, the substrate can have or consist of a plastic layer. For example, the substrate can also have a carrier layer, for example made of plastic, and a cover layer, for example made of laminating film. The cover layer can protect the security feature against manipulation and wear as well as environmental influences, but can also have the colored portion. A visible layer of the substrate, such as, for example, the base layer, is preferably white and / or a cover layer, in particular without a printed color, is transparent.

The optical marking can include text, characters and / or an image. In particular, the optical marking can correspond to a photo of the person who is to be identified by the identification document. The optical marking can be a security feature for checking the authenticity of the identification document and / or for determining who should be identified with the identification document. The optical marking can also have further security properties for checking the authenticity. For example, the optical marking can form a hologram, preferably already recognizable in daylight or only recognizable when illuminated with UV light.

The identification document can have further security features in addition to the optical marking. For example, the identification document can have a magnetic stripe and / or a security element, such as a chip. The identification document can be designed to store data, in particular electronically, that can be read out, for example on an RFID chip and by means of an RFID reader. For example, authorizations, access data, identification data and / or data for checking the authenticity of the identification document can be stored.

The identification document can be designed as a card, in particular as a chip card. The identification document can also be referred to as an identification card. The substrate can be essentially card-shaped. The identification document can be personalized with the optical security feature. The security feature may also not be individually personalized, but may only contain access authorizations, for example. For example, the identification document can show a permissible duration of access to an area or a period of use of a ski lift by the optical security feature. In this way, tamper-proof access authorization can be made possible without actually identifying the owner. However, the optical security feature is preferably designed for an individual owner or person to be identified, who can be clearly identified by the identification document. For example, the security feature can represent a photo of the holder of an identity card.

The colored component and the black component are preferably matched to one another in such a way that these together form a security feature that can be recognized by humans, such as a predetermined geometric shape, a sign and / or an image. In particular, the optical security feature can form an essentially color-true reproduction of a photograph with the two parts under UV light. The coordination between black and colored portion can also be described as register-accurate. The colored part and the black part preferably match one another in such a way that they together form a colored image. The optical marking is preferably colored only under UV light and otherwise black and white.

The colored part of the optical marking or the UV color part is preferably at least almost invisible when illuminated with light with normal spectral distribution. This means that in normal daylight the colored part is not or hardly recognizable. The colored portion can be formed, for example, by at least one color that fluoresces or phosphoresces under UV light. The color that can be excited to shine under UV light can preferably be excited with standard UV light (UVA) with, for example, 365 nm wavelength and / or with short-wave UV light (UV-C) with, for example, 254 nm wavelength. The black portion is preferably still visible under UV light.

In particular, it is provided that the black portion is formed by an integrated engraving in the substrate. The black component is integrated in the interior of the substrate in such a way that the surfaces of the substrate are not mechanically unaffected. The integrated engraving is produced in particular by the fact that particles, which are designed to absorb energy from a laser beam, are introduced into the interior of the substrate during the manufacture of the substrate. The particles can be designed, for example, as soot particles and / or metal oxide particles. When the identification document is personalized, the particles are then heated, preferably with a laser. The particles release at least part of their thermal energy to the surrounding substrate. As a result of the heating, the substrate changes color and becomes darker, in particular black, and can therefore represent the black portion.

In particular, the substrate carbonizes in the area of heating during the integrated engraving and therefore takes on the black color there. An integrated engraved black component is particularly resistant to aging, weather and abrasion. An integrated engraving enables a particularly precise and consistent design of the black portion. The integrated engraving of substrates is difficult, particularly in the case of manual counterfeiting, to produce in sufficient, that is to say not recognizable as false, quality.

The integrated engraving is preferably introduced into the substrate by means of a laser, in particular the integrated engraving can be an engraving according to the LPI principle (Laser Protected Image). An LPI engraving is particularly precise and very long-term resistant.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the identification document, it is provided that the colored portion is applied to the substrate by means of D2T2, thermal transfer printing, INK jet printing and / or retransfer. The colored part is not formed with regular ink, but with color or tine that can be excited to glow under UV light. Other conventional methods for printing or color-coding identification cards can also be used, but instead of normal ink or color under UV light, stimulable color or ink is used. Accordingly, the colored portion can be produced inexpensively and with little effort and yet be particularly tamper-proof. The black component can also be produced using one of the methods described above, but using normal black ink, which is also visible in daylight. As a result, the two parts of the optical marking can easily be generated in a common step.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the identification document, it is provided that the black portion and the colored portion overlap at least in regions to form the optical marking. The overlap can in particular be an overlap, preferably in register, for an observer looking at the surface of the substrate. By overlapping, for example, a colored portion can be made darker or lighter with the black portion in order to achieve a greater range of color distribution. In addition, it is particularly easy to see whether the two parts fit together or whether the identification document has possibly been forged or manipulated. With the integrated engraving, the two parts are particularly overlapping. The black component is then introduced, for example, into a carrier layer of the substrate, and the colored component is applied to an overlying cover layer, for example in the form of a laminated transfer film.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the identification document, it is provided that the black portion and the colored portion adjoin one another at least in regions. The optical marking can thus form an essentially continuous surface with both parts. Accordingly, both parts can simply be assigned to a single security feature. The bordering also makes manipulation and counterfeiting more difficult.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the identification document, it is provided that the black portion comprises gray levels. Grayscale can be areas of different density or darkness in the black portion. A grayscale can also be understood, for example, as a partially transparent black component. The gray levels are preferably formed by different intensities of the laser when the absorbing particles are irradiated in the substrate. The higher the intensity of the laser is chosen or the more energy the particles are irradiated in a certain period of time, the darker the part of the substrate surrounding the particles becomes. Gray levels are particularly advantageous when the black and colored parts overlap. Different grayscale, colored areas can then be formed with grayscale. Grayscale also allows the display of shades. In addition, the black portion can be particularly forgery-proof even without the colored portion and can be checked for manipulation, since the gray portion of the black portion can have more details.

The colored portion can also be formed in that the substrate has respective layers with the respective color that can be excited to shine under UV light. These layers can be exposed in a targeted manner, for example by ablation using a laser. However, the colored portion is preferably printed in order to keep the amount of and thus the costs for the color that can be excited under UV light to be low.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the identification document, it is provided that the colored portion is formed by at least two, preferably three, color that can be excited to shine under UV light, the colors shining differently under UV light. As a result, a particularly large number of details can be displayed and in particular a security feature in the manner of a color photo, although the color photo can only be recognized under UV light. In particular, colors from the CMYK color scheme can be used. The key color (black) is preferably not formed by a color that can be excited to shine under UV light, but rather, for example, by an integrated engraving in the substrate. The CMY colors (cyan, magenta, yellow) colors are preferably formed by color that can be excited under UV light. For example, the optical marking can be produced in a simple manner using color ribbons with a color fluorescent under UV light, it being possible to use a customary color decomposition to control the printer. A clear overlay and / or a laminate is preferably provided over the colored print, thus providing protection of the security feature against wear and manipulation. The optical marking can be composed according to normal methods with the different components, the black component being visible even without UV light. According to customary methods, the decomposition of colored images into their different color components is based on a color scheme, such as the CMYK scheme.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the identification document, it is provided that the black portion and the colored portion together form a color-correct image when illuminated with UV light. The optical marking visible under UV light can therefore form a color-correct image. For example, it can be seen under UV light that the optical marking corresponds to a color photograph, in particular to a person identified by the identification document. Without UV light, the optical marking can, for example, correspond to a black and white photo.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an identification document. The method can have the step of providing a substrate. Furthermore, the method can have the step of providing a template for a security feature recognizable as an optical marking at least from one side of the substrate, the template comprising a black component and a colored component. The template can, for example, be provided electronically, for example as a print data record or digitally stored photo. In addition, the method can have the step of generating a black portion of the optical marking as a function of the black portion of the original such that the black portion of the optical marking is visible at least when illuminated with light with a normal spectral distribution. Furthermore, the method can have the step of generating a colored portion of the optical marking as a function of the colored portion of the original in such a way that the at least part of the colored portion of the optical marking is only visible when illuminated with UV light. This produces a particularly forgery-proof and tamper-proof identification document.

The method according to the second aspect is particularly suitable for producing the identification document according to the first aspect. The preferred embodiments presented with reference to the respective method according to the invention and their advantages apply accordingly to the identification document according to the invention. The method steps of the method according to the invention are each preferably designed to produce the respective objective components of the identification document.

It is preferably provided in the method to produce the black portion by engraving the substrate using a laser. The black portion is preferably generated with grayscale. In the method, it is preferably provided that to form the colored portion at least partially by printing on the substrate with a color that can be excited to shine under UV light.

The template can be a colored image, which in a further process step is broken down into a black portion, possibly with gray levels, and a colored portion. The colored part can be broken down into individual colors, for example into the colored parts of the CYMK color model. The colored component and the black component are then generated accordingly. The disassembly can be carried out using a computing unit designed for this purpose, in particular using a digital template.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the method, it is provided that a colored photograph is provided as a template and the black portion and the colored portion together form an essentially color-correct reproduction of the colored photograph under UV light. The identification document can therefore form a copy of a photograph thereon or a copy of a photograph is produced on the identification document or in and / or on the substrate. This copy can only be recognized as having the correct color under UV light. Otherwise, preferably only a black and white image or a black and white print and / or black and white copy of the original can be recognized, for example when illuminated with daylight.

The advantageous embodiments of the identification document can also be advantageous developments of the method and the advantageous embodiments of the method can also be advantageous developments of the identification document.

Further features of the invention result from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of a schematic drawing.

• 1 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Identifikationsdokument bei Beleuchtung mit Tageslicht;
• 2 in einer schematischen Darstellung das Identifikationsdokument gemäß 1 bei Beleuchtung mit UV-Licht;
• 3 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Identifikationsdokuments in seitlicher Schnittansicht;
• 4 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des Identifikationsdokuments in seitlicher Schnittansicht.

It shows:

• 1 a schematic representation of an identification document when illuminated with daylight;
• 2nd in a schematic representation according to the identification document 1 when illuminated with UV light;
• 3rd a schematic representation of an embodiment of the identification document in side sectional view;
• 4th a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the identification document in a side sectional view.

1 shows a schematic representation of an identification document 10th , which is designed for example as an identity card. The identification document 10th has a substrate 30th on. For example, the identification document 10th in credit card format and as a card. The substrate 30th can be formed, for example, from one or more layers of plastic.

On the identification document 10th is a national emblem 12th shown, which identifies the issuing country and can be designed as a security feature. For example, the national emblem 12th form a kind of hologram when viewed.

Furthermore are on the identification document 10th Characters 14 trained, for example in the form of printing. In this case, for example, the name of the card holder is shown.

In addition, the identification document 10th for example a security element 16 on, in the form of a chip. The chip can be used to store data associated with the person, for example electronically readable personal data, such as the date of birth of the person identifying himself, his social security number and / or an identification number. These data are preferably stored in encrypted form and the security element is designed to be protected against manipulation.

Furthermore, the identification document has an optical marking 18th as a security feature. The optical marking 18th is formed on a surface area of the identification document and essentially corresponds to a photo of the card holder.

In 1 the optical marking is illustrated when illuminated with daylight. In daylight only black parts can be used 20 the optical marking 18th be seen or recognized by a viewer. The black parts 20 present the contours of the photograph of the card holder. The black parts 20 can also depict a respective light-dark gradient through grayscale. The black parts preferably allow at least to identify the card holder.

2nd illustrates the identification document 10th when illuminated with UV light, for example by a UV lamp. The UV light stimulates special colors that can be excited by UV light, for example fluorescent colors, to shine brightly. So now, for example, is a first colored part 22 the optical marking 18th visible to the viewer with the human eye, which is designed as an area and with the color of a garment of the ID holder on the by the optical marking 18th shown photo matches. There is also a second colored part 24th with a face color of the ID card holder in the photo. A third colored part 26 lights up with the eye color of the card holder and a fourth colored part 28 with its hair color. Any colored part 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 can shine under UV light with a different color and / or color gradients. Each colored part can accordingly 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 be formed by different colors and / or different color components. The colors used for this are preferably fluorescent.

The optical mark 18th can therefore display a color-correct UV image of the card holder under UV light. Correct color tone can mean in particular the essentially correct reproduction of the color of a photo of the card holder. However, the color may differ from other representations, especially with regard to intensity and luminosity. This deviation can be similar to the deviation of a photo displayed on a screen from the same photo in printed form.

The black parts 20 and the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 and 28 are especially matched to each other. This is the identification document 10th due to the optical license plate 18th particularly secure against forgery and manipulation. Manipulations under UV light, which is already frequently available at checkpoints, are also easy to detect. The colored parts are without UV light, for example in daylight 22 , 24th , 26 and 28 barely or not recognizable to the human eye. This is the colored part of the photo or the optical identification 18th initially unknown to viewers, which makes it even more difficult to take into account manipulations and forgeries.

The black component is preferred 20 by means of integrated engraving in the substrate 30th of the identification document and the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 are printed, especially in a laminated transfer film. By combining two methods for generating a common optical identifier 18th and thus the corresponding security feature, imitation is particularly difficult. In addition, the black parts 20 and the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 overlap or overlap. For an observer, the luminosity and / or intensity of the colored parts can thus 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 under UV light through the darkness or gray level of the corresponding area of the black portion 20 compared to a color that cannot be superimposed by UV light. This allows further color gradients and details to be displayed.

Basically, the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 have a color gradient and / or a color mixture. As is usual with printing, new color tones can be combined from several basic colors, in the present case with colors that can be excited by UV light. This can be the optical indicator 18th be particularly detailed and lifelike and therefore particularly safe. The CYMK color scheme is suitable, for example, the CYM components being formed by color that can be excited with UV light and the K component by an integrated engraving.

The resolution of the optical license plate 18th can be, for example, 300 dpi or more. This allows photos to be recreated in a particularly true-to-detail manner, which means checking the authenticity of the identification document 10th as well as the identification of the card holder easier and counterfeiting difficult.

The optical mark 18th can have much more details, areas and gradations than schematically illustrated in the figures. In particular, color gradients and / or brightness gradients can also be provided as a colored component. The brightness of the same colors per se can also be different in different areas, in particular due to an at least partial overlay with the black component 20 .

3rd shows an embodiment of the identification document 10th in a schematic sectional side view with a preferred top view direction 32 . The top view direction 32 is the direction in which a user passes the identification document 10th preferably considered. According to the embodiment, the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 from the perspective of the top view 32 arranged side by side. The colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 but can also in an example not shown from the perspective of the top view 32 be arranged one above the other, i.e. in layers. Furthermore, the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 especially in register over the black portion 20 arranged.

4th shows a further embodiment of the identification document 10th in a schematic side sectional view with the top view direction 32 . According to the embodiment, the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 arranged in layers one above the other. The colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 can in an example not shown from the perspective of the top view 32 but can also be arranged one above the other. Furthermore, the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 partially overlapping over the black portion 20 arranged.

Above the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 of the identification document 10th according to 3rd or 4th , from the perspective of the top view 32 before the colored parts 22 , 24th , 26 , 28 , a cover layer can also be arranged or applied.

Reference list

10th

Identification document

12th

National emblem

14

Characters

16

Security element

18th

optical feature

20

Black parts

22

colored part

24th

colored part

26

colored part

28

colored part

30th

Substrate

32

Top view direction

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2308687 A1 [0004]

Claims (10)

Identification document (10) with a substrate (30) and with a security feature recognizable as at least one side of the substrate (30) as an optical marking (18), the marking (18) having at least one black component (20) and at least one colored component (22, 24, 26, 28), the black portion (20) being visible at least when illuminated with light with normal spectral distribution and the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) at least partially by a color that can be excited to shine under UV light is formed, which is essentially only visible when illuminated with UV light, the black portion (20) being formed by an integrated engraving in the substrate (30). Identification document (10) according to Claim 1 The integrated engraving is formed by carbonizing the substrate (30) at least in regions. Identification document (10) according to Claim 1 or 2nd , wherein the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) was applied to the substrate (30) by means of D2T2, thermal transfer printing, INK jet printing and / or retransfer. Identification document (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the black portion (20) and the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) overlap at least in regions to form the optical marking (18). Identification document (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the black portion (20) and the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) adjoin one another at least in regions. Identification document (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the black portion (20) and the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) are designed to match each other. Identification document (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) is formed by at least two, preferably three, color that can be excited to glow under UV light, the colors glowing in different colors under UV light . Identification document (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the black portion (20) and the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) together form a color-correct image under illumination with UV light. Method for producing an identification document (10) comprising at least the following steps: - Providing a substrate (30); - Providing a template for a security feature recognizable as an optical marking (18) at least from one side of the substrate (30), the template having a black component and a colored component; - generating a black portion (20) of the optical marking (18) as a function of the black portion of the original such that the black portion (20) of the optical marking (18) is visible at least when illuminated with light with normal spectral distribution; - Generating a colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) of the optical marking (18) as a function of the colored portion of the template such that the at least part of the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) of the optical marking (18) is only visible when illuminated with UV light. Procedure according to Claim 9 , a colored photograph being provided as a template and the black portion (20) and the colored portion (22, 24, 26, 28) together under UV light forming an essentially color-correct reproduction of the colored photograph.

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