DE102018204072A1 - Electrically operated vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrically operated vehicle having a vehicle accumulator (1) which supplies an electrical drive of the vehicle with electrical energy, wherein the vehicle accumulator (1) in a normal charging process, in particular via an electrical cable (34). , from an off-vehicle, stationary charging station (35) is chargeable. According to the invention, the vehicle has at least one reserve accumulator (11) which forms an in-vehicle, mobile charging station, to which the vehicle accumulator (1) can be charged independently of the vehicle-external charging station (35) in an emergency charging process.

Description

The invention relates to an electrically operated vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for operating such an electrically operated vehicle according to claim 10.

For charging a rechargeable battery of a purely electrically operated vehicle, it is connected in a manner known per se via an electric charging cable to a stationary charging station external of the vehicle.

When driving such a generic, purely electrically powered vehicle, the available range may no longer be sufficient to the next stationary charging station, so there is a risk of lying down.

From the DE 10 2010 004 549 A1 For example, a battery system with a battery for driving an electric motor of a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle is known. From the AT 510 336 B1 is an electric vehicle with a device for range expansion known. From the DE 10 2015 200 636 A1 For example, an electric vehicle with a vehicle-mounted battery carrier module is known. From the US 7 884 502 B2 is a mobile accumulator known.

The object of the invention is to provide an electrically operated vehicle in which the range which can be provided by the accumulator during driving operation can be increased in a simple manner.

The object is solved by the features of claim 1 or 10. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims.

According to the characterizing part of claim 1, the vehicle, in particular in the trunk, at least one reserve accumulator. This forms an in-vehicle, mobile charging station to which the vehicle battery can be charged in an emergency charging independent of the vehicle external charging station. In this way it is ensured that the vehicle can be charged even in an emergency, if no stationary charging station is available.

The emergency charging process can be enabled by a corresponding relay. By way of example, the reserve accumulator can be designed such that it provides the vehicle with a range of about 100km (15-20kWh) in about 1h of charging time. This will ensure the user in an emergency up to the next charging station or home mobility.

Preferably, the reserve battery can cover a voltage range of 800V to 12V. The reserve accumulator is preferably constructed in several parts, namely from an outer accumulator housing in which a later-described accumulator control unit is integrated. One or more accumulator modules (for example lithium-ion cells) may be arranged in the accumulator housing. Preferably, the accumulator modules are positioned in a manually releasable electrical connector in the accumulator housing. In the installed position in the vehicle, the accumulator housing can have receiving slots for the accumulator modules. These may be open to the vehicle rear side to ensure easy insertion / removal of the accumulator modules in / out of the accumulator housing.

In the above-mentioned multi-part design of the reserve accumulator, the accumulator modules can also be handled and transported as individual parts, so that optionally individual accumulator modules can be removed from the accumulator housing in order to save component weight. A single accumulator module can weigh up to about 20-30kg. Preferably, the accumulator modules can be implemented, for example, as Li-ion high-energy cells, which have a high capacity and require a small installation space. For example, an 18650 power cell has approximately 3.5-4Ah capacity.

In a technical implementation of the reserve battery can be in normal driving, ie with sufficiently charged vehicle battery, in addition to electrical connection to the vehicle battery, that is, be inoperative. Only when carrying out the specified emergency charging process, the reserve battery can be electrically connected to the vehicle battery. For this purpose, the reserve accumulator can have at least one emergency discharge connection, which can be electrically connected to the vehicle accumulator in an emergency charging process via a charging cable.

The vehicle accumulator can be associated with at least one charging socket into which the charging cable can be inserted either for the normal charging process or for the emergency charging process.

In a further development of the invention, the reserve accumulator may have, in addition to the above-mentioned emergency discharge connection further discharge connections, which are formed with different plug geometries, in particular in the manner of household standard sockets.

In addition, the reserve accumulator can have at least one charging connection, which can be connected to an external vehicle power source, for example a household socket, for charging the reserve accumulator. By way of example, the reserve accumulator itself can be charged via a household socket. For this purpose, an inverter can be integrated in the reserve accumulator. This inverter can also be shipped separately as an accessory to the mobile charging station.

In a technical realization, the reserve accumulator can have a control unit, by means of which the charging and / or discharging processes in the reserve accumulator can be controlled. The reserve accumulator is preferably associated with an inverter by means of which an external AC voltage source for charging the reserve accumulator can be used. Conversely, using the inverter, the reserve accumulator (DC voltage source) can also be used as an AC voltage source for external electrical consumers. Preferably, the reserve accumulator can be designed so that it can also be charged directly to a vehicle-external, stationary charging station.

The accumulator modules used in the accumulator housing are preferably connected electrically in series so that the voltage level can be adapted to the charging of the vehicle.

In general, the reserve accumulator can have all high-voltage and / or low-voltage interfaces to an electric vehicle, as can also be provided in a conventional stationary charging station. In addition, USB interfaces and / or 220V to 230V interfaces as well as 12V interfaces on the reserve accumulator can be provided.

Preferably, a plurality of discharge connections are provided, which may have different connector geometries in order to use charging cables from different vehicle providers. The reserve accumulator is preferably dimensioned so that it can be transported in the trunk.

The reserve battery can optionally be connected to a high-voltage charging port in the trunk for emergency charging. Alternatively, the reserve battery (if no extra high-voltage charging port in the trunk is possible) can also be connected directly via the charging cable to an external charging socket of the vehicle. In this case, the charging cable is led from the outside.

As mentioned above, the backup battery serves as a DC power source, preferably covering 800V to 12V. The additional available by means of the reserve accumulator range can be in a range of 100 km.

In a preferred embodiment, the mobile charging station may have the following key data: The battery modules may be, for example, 18,650 Li-ION cells, for example 180V / 32Ah at about 8kWh / module. For example, the overall system may include three accumulator modules, at 710V / 32Ah. The range can be around 100km. The load load 1 C -2C can be 32A-64A. The reserve accumulator can also have a display for so-called SOC displays, similar to stationary charging stations. The mobile charging station can also be charged at a charging station for vehicles (similar to filling the gasoline can at the pump). As interfaces, the reserve battery can have all HV and LV interfaces to the e-vehicle, as with a stationary charging station are present (that is 800V to 400V). In addition, the reserve battery can have USB interfaces, 220V-230V interfaces and 12V interface. Furthermore, the reserve accumulator can be equipped with the common plug geometries. The reserve accumulator is preferably dimensioned so that it can be transported in the trunk, either completely or else disassembled into individual parts.

The accumulator modules of the reserve battery (that is, the backup battery) can also be used individually in the vehicle. In this way, one would have correspondingly less reserve energy available than with a complete reserve accumulator (that is, a full boot reserve battery). The reserve accumulator (that is, the boot reserve battery) may also be used as both a charging source and as an additional memory for the traction operation (with limited power take-off) may be used. The individual accumulator modules of the reserve accumulator can also individually serve as an energy source. For this purpose, appropriate interfaces should be provided on the reserve accumulator. Depending on the application, the backup battery can also be borrowed. In this context, the reserve accumulator can also be lent to customers for a fee.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying figures will be described.

• 1 ein elektrisch betriebenes Fahrzeug mit einem grob schematischen Blockschaltdiagramm, das den Fahrzeug-Akkumulator mit zugeordnetem Reserve-Akkumulator andeutet;
• 2 bis 5 Ansichten entsprechend der 1, in denen jeweils unterschiedliche Betriebszustände des Fahrzeugs gezeigt sind; und
• 6 eine Ansicht von der Fahrzeug-Heckseite in den Fahrzeug-Kofferraum bei geöffneter Heckklappe.

Show it:

• 1 an electrically powered vehicle with a rough schematic block diagram, which indicates the vehicle accumulator with associated reserve accumulator;
• 2 to 5 Views according to the 1 in each of which different operating states of the vehicle are shown; and
• 6 a view from the vehicle rear side in the vehicle boot with the tailgate open.

In the 1 is a purely electrically operated vehicle indicated in dashed contour line. The 1 , as well as the other figures are only indicated insofar as it is necessary for the understanding of the invention. Accordingly, that in the 1 shown electrically powered vehicle a vehicle battery 1 that powers a vehicle drive. The vehicle accumulator 1 is an accumulator control unit 3 and a vehicle front-side charging socket 5 assigned.

Like from the 1 further points out, is in a trunk 7 another, vehicle-internal charging socket 9 provided over which the vehicle accumulator 1 is rechargeable. In the vehicle trunk 7 is a reserve accumulator 11 positioned. This is from an accumulator housing 13 built, which has a detachable connection 15 on the trunk floor 17 is attached. The accumulator housing 13 points in the 1 a total of three open slots after vehicle hives 19 on, in each case an accumulator module 21 drawer-like is inserted. In addition, in the accumulator housing 13 an example of an emergency discharge connection 23 as well as another discharge connection 25 integrated.

Next to the emergency discharge connection 23 and the further discharge connection 25 indicates the reserve accumulator 11 a total of two charging ports 27 . 29 on, over which the reserve accumulator 11 is connectable to a vehicle external power source to be charged. The electrical components of the reserve accumulator 11 be via a control unit 31 controlled, the charging and / or discharging in the reserve accumulator 11 supervised. The control unit 31 is in the 1 In addition, a charge status indicator 33 associated with the current state of charge of the reserve accumulator 11 is visible.

In the 2 the vehicle is shown during a normal charging process in which an electric charging cable 34 both in the vehicle front-side charging socket 5 as well as in a stationary charging station 35 is plugged in, by means of the vehicle battery 1 is rechargeable. In this case, the reserve accumulator 11 except electrical connection to the vehicle battery 1 ,

In 3 an emergency charging operation is shown, which can be done during driving operation by way of example. As a result, the charging cable is 34 both in the trunk side charging socket 9 of the vehicle accumulator 1 as well as in the discharge connection 23 of the reserve accumulator 11 plugged in. In this case, the reserve accumulator is used 11 as an in-vehicle, mobile charging station, by means of which the vehicle battery 1 is rechargeable. Alternative to 4 this may be the charging cable 34 also directly on the vehicle's front charging socket 5 be plugged in to realize the emergency charging process.

In the 4 is a charging operation of the reserve battery 11 shown. As a result, the charging cable is 34 both in the charging port 29 of the reserve accumulator 11 as well as in the external charging station 35 plugged in, reducing the reserve accumulator 11 is charged.

In the 5 is shown an operating state in which an external consumer 37 electrically to the reserve accumulator 11 is connected, which serves in the present case as a DC voltage source. There is a cable for this 39 of the electrical consumer 37 with its plug in the discharge port 25 of the reserve accumulator 11 plugged in. Optionally, the reserve accumulator 11 also serve as an AC voltage source, if in addition a not shown in the figures inverter is integrated.

In the 6 is in a view from the rear side of a concrete installation situation of the reserve accumulator 11 in the vehicle trunk 7 shown. Consequently, in the receiving shafts 19 of the accumulator housing 13 each accumulator modules 21 plugged in. The reserve accumulator 11 is in the 6 over the charging cable 34 with the trunk side charging socket 9 of the vehicle accumulator 1 connected to perform an emergency charging. In addition, the accumulator housing has 13 on the top side the charge status indicator 33 on. At the in the 6 housing wall of the reserve accumulator shown on the right 11 are plug connections 27 . 29 integrated, which are exemplified as charging connections.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010004549 A1 [0004]
• AT 510336 B1 [0004]
• DE 102015200636 A1 [0004]
• US 7884502 B2 [0004]

Claims (10)

Electrically powered vehicle, comprising a vehicle accumulator (1), which supplies an electrical drive of the vehicle with electrical energy, wherein the vehicle accumulator (1) in a normal charging process, in particular via an electric cable (34), from a vehicle external , stationary charging station (35), characterized in that the vehicle has at least one reserve accumulator (11) which forms an in-vehicle, mobile charging station, to which the vehicle accumulator (1) in an emergency charging independently vehicle external charging station (35) is rechargeable. Electrically operated vehicle after Claim 1 , characterized in that in the normal driving operation, that is, when the vehicle accumulator (1) is charged, the reserve accumulator (11) is out of electrical connection with the vehicle accumulator (1), and / or that for carrying out the emergency charging process the reserve accumulator (11) is electrically connectable to the vehicle accumulator (1), and / or that the reserve accumulator (11) has at least one emergency discharge connection (23) which in an emergency charging process via a charging cable (34 ) is electrically connectable to the vehicle accumulator (1), and / or that the vehicle accumulator (1) is associated with at least one charging socket (5, 9) into which the charging cable (34) for the normal charging or emergency charging Charging is pluggable. Electrically operated vehicle after Claim 2 , characterized in that the reserve accumulator (11) next to the emergency discharge port (23) further discharge connections (25) which are formed with different plug geometries, in particular in the manner of household standard sockets. Electrically operated vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reserve accumulator (11) has at least one charging connection (27, 29) for charging the reserve accumulator (11) with a vehicle external voltage source (35), in particular one Household socket, is connectable. Electrically operated vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reserve accumulator (11) has a control device (31) by means of which the charging and / or discharging processes in the reserve accumulator (11) are controllable, and in particular that Reserve accumulator (11) is associated with an inverter (voltage converter), by means of which a vehicle external AC voltage source for charging the reserve accumulator (11) is usable, and / or that the reserve accumulator (11) is designed so that this at the vehicle external stationary charging station (35) is chargeable. Electrically operated vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reserve accumulator (11) is constructed in several parts, namely from an accumulator housing (13) in which at least one, in particular a plurality of accumulator modules (21) are arranged , in particular lithium-ion accumulator modules. Electrically operated vehicle after Claim 6 , characterized in that the accumulator module (21) in particular manually releasable electrical plug connection with the accumulator housing (13) can be brought, and or that the accumulator housing (13) has at least one after vehicle-open open plug-receiving shaft (19) into which the accumulator module (21) can be inserted. Electrically operated vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reserve accumulator (11), in particular its accumulator housing (13), in a detachable connection (15) in the vehicle, in particular in the vehicle trunk (7) is installed , Electrically operated vehicle after Claim 6 . 7 or 8th , characterized in that the accumulator modules (21) in the accumulator housing (13) are connected in series. Method for operating an electrically operated vehicle according to one of the preceding claims.

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