DE102018129939A1 - Electromechanical drive - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical drive (1, 25) at least with: - a first electrical machine (2) with a first rotor shaft (20) and a second electrical machine (3) with a second rotor shaft (21) - a first clutch (5 ), a second clutch (6) and a third clutch (7) - an output (8) - a switchable first mechanical operative connection between the first electrical machine (2) and the output (8) - a switchable second mechanical operative connection between the second Electrical machine (3) and the output (8) in which a reversing wheel (17, 24) is arranged in the second mechanical operative connection and in which the second clutch (6) is engaged as well as the first clutch (5) and the third clutch (7) are disengaged.

Description

Field of the Invention

• - einer ersten elektrischen Maschine mit einer ersten Rotorwelle und einer zweiten elektrischen Maschine mit einer zweiten Rotorwelle
• - einer ersten Kupplung, einer zweiten Kupplung sowie einer dritten Kupplung
• - einem Abtrieb
• - einer schaltbaren ersten mechanischen Wirkverbindung zwischen der ersten elektrischen Maschine und dem Abtrieb
• - einer schaltbaren zweiten mechanischen Wirkverbindung zwischen der zweiten elektrischen Maschine und dem Abtrieb wobei
  • - die erste mechanische Wirkverbindung durch eine an die erste Rotorwelle (20) der ersten elektrischen Maschine angeschlossene erste Antriebswelle, durch ein mit der ersten Antriebswelle wirkverbundenes erstes Zahnrad, durch ein auf einer Zwischenwelle sitzendes und mit dem ersten Zahnrad im Zahneingriff stehendes erstes Zwischenrad und durch ein auf der Zwischenwelle sitzendes sowie mit einem Antriebsrad des Abtriebs im Zahneingriff stehendes Abtriebsrad und die der ersten Wirkverbindung zugeordnete erste Kupplung gebildet ist, und wobei
  • - die zweite mechanische Wirkverbindung zumindest durch eine an die zweite Rotorwelle der zweiten elektrischen Maschine angeschlossene zweite Antriebswelle, durch ein mit der zweiten Antriebswelle wirkverbundenes zweites Zahnrad, durch ein auf der Zwischenwelle sitzendes zweites Zwischenrad sowie durch das mit dem Antriebsrad des Abtriebs im Zahneingriff stehende Abtriebsrad sowie durch die der zweiten Wirkverbindung zugeordnete zweite Kupplung gebildet ist, wobei
• - eine der elektrischen Maschinen einen gegensinnigen Drehsinn zur anderen der elektrischen Maschinen aufweist, wobei der Drehsinn der jeweiligen Maschine eine erste Drehrichtung um die Rotationsachse der Rotorwelle der wenigstens einen elektrischen Maschine ist, wenn in Verlaufsrichtung der Rotationsachse auf eine Frontseite dieser einen elektrischen Maschine geblickt wird, und wobei die Frontseite die Seite der elektrischen Maschine ist, an welcher eine der Antriebswellen an diese Rotorwelle angeschlossen ist

The invention relates to an electromechanical drive at least with:

• - A first electrical machine with a first rotor shaft and a second electrical machine with a second rotor shaft
• - A first clutch, a second clutch and a third clutch
• - an output
• - A switchable first mechanical operative connection between the first electrical machine and the output
• - A switchable second mechanical operative connection between the second electrical machine and the output
  • - The first mechanical operative connection through a to the first rotor shaft ( 20th ) the first electrical machine connected to the first drive shaft, by means of a first gearwheel operatively connected to the first drive shaft, by a first idler gear seated on an intermediate shaft and in meshing engagement with the first gearwheel, and by a gearwheel on the intermediate shaft and with a drive gear of the output in tooth engagement standing output gear and the first clutch associated with the first operative connection is formed, and wherein
  • - The second mechanical operative connection at least by a second drive shaft connected to the second rotor shaft of the second electrical machine, by a second gearwheel operatively connected to the second drive shaft, by a second intermediate gear seated on the intermediate shaft and by the driven gearwheel meshing with the drive wheel of the output and is formed by the second clutch associated with the second operative connection, wherein
• - One of the electrical machines has an opposite direction of rotation to the other of the electrical machines, the direction of rotation of the respective machine being a first direction of rotation about the axis of rotation of the rotor shaft of the at least one electrical machine, when looking at a front side of this one electrical machine in the direction of rotation of the axis of rotation , and wherein the front side is the side of the electrical machine on which one of the drive shafts is connected to this rotor shaft

Background of the Invention

The invention relates to electromechanical drives in hybrid vehicles or in exclusively electrically operated vehicles. If these drives have a manual transmission, interruptions in the tractive force may be expected when shifting gears with synchronous clutches.

In DE 10 2011 056 929 A1 describes an electromechanical drive of the type. The electromechanical drive has two electrical machines, the axes of rotation of which are aligned coaxially with one another. The electromechanical drive is also equipped with three clutches. The output to two vehicle wheels on one axle is via a differential. A first mechanical operative connection is provided in a first driving state. In this first mechanical operative connection, power flows from only one of the electrical machines via a spur gear stage to an intermediate shaft and from the intermediate shaft via a further spur gear stage and through a closed first clutch to the differential. The other two clutches of the electromechanical drive are opened. In a second mechanical operative connection, power flows from both of the electrical machines initially via separate branches, each from a first spur gear stage via the intermediate shaft and a second spur gear stage via the second or third clutch to the driven axle, where the power is finally brought together. The differential is "short-circuited", ie the two clutches in this arrangement resemble a differential lock when engaged. The first clutch is open. It follows that when the second clutch and the third clutch are fully engaged, the natural compensatory movement of differential speeds of the differential is blocked. Relative speeds between the two driven wheels of the axis are only possible by controlling the clutches in slip operation and / or by regulating the speeds of the electrical machines. This may result in a loss of performance. The three couplings arranged on the driven axle also take up a lot of space, which is not always available.

Description of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide an electric drive unit in which the drive power is transferred to the driven wheels as effectively as possible and which correspond to a simple and inexpensive construction.

The object is achieved according to the subject matter of claim 1 and a further independent claim.

According to the invention, at least one reversing wheel is arranged in the second mechanical operative connection between the second gear wheel seated on the second drive shaft and the second intermediate wheel seated on the intermediate shaft. The directions of rotation of the second drive wheel and the second idler gear or the intermediate shaft in the second operative connection are thus the same, while the first intermediate gear rotates in the first operative connection in the opposite direction of rotation to the first drive gear. It follows from this that advantageously only one intermediate shaft is used in the transmission according to the invention. By suitably arranging the clutches, various power branches can advantageously be generated in the transmission of the electric drive unit. Material for manufacturing is saved, manufacturing costs are reduced and less installation space is used.

One embodiment of the invention provides only one reversing gear which meshes with both the second gear and the second idler gear. As in classic gearboxes, the reversing wheel is rotatably mounted, for example, on a simple bolt or a similar shaft element. The bolt is fixed in a suitable manner in the housing of the electric drive unit. Alternatively, the bolt is integral with the reversing wheel and rotatably supported in the housing. With this embodiment of the invention, a particularly inexpensive version is offered.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the second gear wheel and the second idler gear are operatively connected to one another via two reversing gears and a second idler shaft. The reversing gears are firmly seated on the second intermediate shaft. Alternatively, one of the reversing gears can be selectively connected or disconnected as a loose wheel via the second clutch to the second intermediate shaft. The second gearwheel meshes with the first reversing gear and the second intermediate gear seated on the first intermediate shaft meshes with the second reversing gear. The first reversing wheel and the second reversing wheel are either rigidly coupled to one another via the second intermediate shaft, or the connection to the second intermediate shaft and a respective one of the reversing wheels can be engaged or disengaged via the second clutch. be disengaged. The two reversing wheels preferably have different numbers of teeth compared to one another, so that a step-up or step-down ratio can advantageously be integrated into the second operative connection. Alternatively, the number of teeth is the same, so that only a reversal of the direction of rotation is initiated at this point.

In general, an active connection in the sense of the technical arrangements described is to be understood as a rigid mechanical or kinematic active connection (such as tooth engagement of two gears) or a clutch connection that can be repeatedly engaged and disengaged for the transmission of power. Accordingly, components and assemblies in the sense of the invention are operatively connected to one another if, at least temporarily, power is transmitted between them directly or with the interposition of further components, such as shafts, gearwheels or couplings.

One embodiment of the invention provides that at least one of the electrical machines can be switched over in both directions of rotation. The direction of rotation or the direction of rotation of electrical machines is according to DIN EN 60034-8 Are defined. The direction of rotation is that which results when looking at the drive side. The drive side is the side that has the shaft end of the rotor shaft to which the respective of the two drive shafts is connected. The sense of rotation is thus obtained when looking at a front of this one electrical machine in the direction of rotation of the axis of rotation. The front side of the electrical machine is the side on which the respective drive shaft is connected to the rotor shaft of the electrical machine in question. This creates an electromechanical drive with which various power transmission states can be implemented despite the simplified construction.

Accordingly, a further embodiment of the invention provides that a switchable third mechanical operative connection is formed between the first electrical machine and the second electrical machine. The third mechanical operative connection is switched via a clutch which is connected between the first electrical machine and the second electrical machine, i. that is, between the drive shafts. Via the third coupling, the drive shafts can be connected to one another for transmission or can be separated. The performance of the two electrical machines can advantageously be brought together on the first drive wheel. The gearbox of the electric drive is thus more variable with regard to the coordination of the reduction or transmission stages and a reverse gear can advantageously be implemented with a suitable transmission and, if necessary, changing the direction of rotation of the electrical machine.

With a further embodiment of the invention, a fourth mechanical operative connection between the second electrical machine and the output is claimed. The fourth mechanical operative connection is established by coupling the third operative connection to the first operative connection, in which the first clutch and the third clutch are closed and the second at the same time The clutch is open. The power of the electrical machines is advantageously summed up for the purpose of higher drive torques of the drive or higher speeds of the vehicle.

The invention further provides that the second clutch is engaged in the second operative connection and the first clutch and the third clutch are disengaged. In contrast to the prior art, since a separate gearbox is required for each of the power branches, the power of an electrical machine can also be led to the output and merged there again when using only one gearbox with only one intermediate shaft in a second power branch.

An embodiment of the invention essential to the invention provides that at least one of the clutches is a freewheel. That is, either only the first clutch or only the second clutch or only the third clutch or only the first and second clutch or only the second and third clutch or both the first clutch and the second clutch and the third clutch are freewheels. A freewheel is initially defined as a clutch, which only acts in one direction of rotation about the axis of rotation of the machine parts connected to one another via the clutch. However, a switchable freewheel is not ruled out, which optionally locks in only one direction or in only the other opposite to the one direction of rotation. A one-way clutch acts when the direction of rotation of one of the machine parts changes or when one machine part overtakes the other machine part with the same direction of rotation. Such freewheels can be self-switching freewheels or switchable freewheels. In addition, all types of freewheels such as roller freewheels, sprag freewheels or the so-called wedge clutches (switchable freewheels of the applicant, which are equipped with disks or disk segments as sprags) are provided.

1. A. Das erste Zahnrad, welches mit der ersten Antriebswelle wirkverbunden ist, ist ein Losrad. Das Losrad sitzt zumindest in eine Drehrichtung um die Rotationsachse der Antriebswelle frei rotierbar auf der ersten Antriebswelle. Dabei kann das Losrad über die erste Kupplung Drehmomente übertragend mit der ersten Antriebswelle verbunden werden. Es ergibt sich die erste Wirkverbindung in der die Antriebsleistung der elektrischen Maschine von der Rotorwelle aus über die erste Antriebswelle und von da aus über das mit der ersten Antriebswelle gekoppelte erste Zahnrad fließt. Das erste Zahnrad setzt die Wirkverbindung fort, weil es zugleich im Zahneingriff mit dem ersten Zwischenrad steht. Das erste Zwischenrad wiederum ist starr mit der Zwischenwelle verbunden, auf welcher ebenfalls starr das Abtriebsrad befestigt ist. Das Abtriebsrad steht schließlich am „Final Drive“ im Zahneingriff mit einem Antriebsrad des Abtriebs. Die von der ersten elektrischen Maschine aufgebrachte Leistung fließt in der ersten Wirkverbindung über die geschlossene erste Kupplung auf das erste Zahnrad und von da aus in das erste Zwischenrad und weiter über die Zwischenwelle auf das Abtriebsrad und schließlich in den Abtrieb. Die zweite Kupplung und die dritte Kupplung sind im Fahrzustand der Variante A. geöffnet.
2. B. Das erste Zahnrad ist starr mit der ersten Antriebswelle wirkverbunden. Das erste Zwischenrad, das auf der ersten Zwischenwelle sitzt, ist ein Losrad. Dieses Losrad sitzt zumindest in eine Drehrichtung um die Rotationsachse der ersten Zwischenwelle frei rotierbar auf der ersten Zwischenwelle. Es kann mittels der ersten Kupplung Drehmomente übertragend mit der ersten Zwischenwelle verbunden werden. Die von der ersten elektrischen Maschine aufgebrachte Antriebsleistung fließt analog A. und entspricht damit einer Ausgestaltung der Variante A.. Die zweite Kupplung und die dritte Kupplung sind im Fahrzustand der Variante B. geöffnet.
3. C. Das zweite Zahnrad, welches mit der zweiten Antriebswelle wirkverbunden ist, ist ein Losrad. Das Losrad sitzt zumindest in eine Drehrichtung um die Rotationsachse der zweiten Antriebswelle frei rotierbar auf der zweiten Antriebswelle. Es kann über die zweite Kupplung Drehmomente übertragend mit der zweiten Antriebswelle verbunden werden. Es ergibt sich die zweite Wirkverbindung, in welcher Antriebsleistung von der Rotorwelle der zweiten elektrischen Maschine aus über die zweite Antriebswelle und von da aus über das mit der zweiten Antriebswelle gekoppelte zweite Zahnrad fließt. Das zweite Zahnrad setzt die Wirkverbindung fort, weil es zugleich im Zahneingriff mit einem Umkehrrad steht. Das Umkehrrad steht im Zahneingriff mit dem zweiten Zwischenrad. Das zweite Zwischenrad wiederum ist starr mit der Zwischenwelle verbunden, auf welcher ebenfalls starr das Abtriebsrad befestigt ist. Das Abtriebsrad steht dabei auch wie in den zuvor genannten Varianten im Zahneingriff mit einem Antriebsrad des Abtriebs. Die von der zweiten elektrischen Maschine aufgebrachte Leistung fließt in der zweiten Wirkverbindung von der Rotorwelle der zweiten elektrischen Maschine aus auf die zweite Antriebswelle und von dort aus über die geschlossene zweite Kupplung auf das zweite Zahnrad, dann über das zweite Zahnrad und das zweite Zwischenrad sowie über die Zwischenwelle auf das Abtriebsrad und schließlich von da aus in den Abtrieb. Die erste Kupplung und die dritte Kupplung sind im Fahrzustand der Variante C. geöffnet.
4. D. Das zweite Zahnrad ist ein Losrad auf der zweiten Antriebswelle und ist über die zweite Kupplung mit der zweiten Antriebswelle wirkverbunden. Das zweite Zahnrad steht in einem Zahneingriff mit einem ersten Umkehrrad und das zweite Zwischenrad steht im Zahneingriff mit einem zweiten Umkehrrad. Die Umkehrräder sitzen auf einer gemeinsamen zweiten Zwischenwelle. Es ergibt sich eine Ausgestaltung der zweiten Wirkverbindung, in der die Antriebsleistung der zweiten elektrischen Maschine von der Rotorwelle aus über die zweite Antriebswelle und von da über die erste Kupplung auf das zweite Antriebsrad und von dem zweiten Antriebsrad aus zunächst auf das erste Umkehrrad und von dem ersten Umkehrrad aus in die die zweite Zwischenwelle fließt. Von dort fließt die Antriebsleistung auf das zweite Umkehrrad. Von dem zweitem Umkehrrad aus fließt die Antriebsleistung über das zweite Zwischenrad weiter wie nach Variante C.. Die erste und die dritte Kupplung sind im Fahrzustand der Variante D. geöffnet.
5. E. Ist eine Ausgestaltung der Variante D.. Das zweite Zahnrad sitzt fest auf der ersten Antriebswelle. Wahlweise eines der Umkehrräder auf der Zwischenwelle ist ein Losrad, d. h., über die zweite Kupplung kann eine Wirkverbindung zwischen einem Umkehrrad und der zweiten Zwischenwelle eingerückt bzw. ausgerückt werden. Diese Wirkverbindung verläuft ansonsten analog Variante D..
6. F. Ist eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Variante D.. Das zweite Zahnrad und die Umkehrräder sitzen fest auf ihrer jeweiligen Welle. Das zweite Zwischenrad ist ein Losrad und kann über die zweite Kupplung mit der ersten Zwischenwelle verbunden werden. Ansonsten verläuft die zweite Wirkverbindung wie nach Variante D..
7. G. Eine dritte Wirkverbindung wird durch Einrücken der dritten Kupplung hergestellt. Dabei werden die beiden Antriebswellen miteinander verbunden. Das Getriebe ist hinsichtlich der Übersetzung und der Wahl des Drehsinns der elektrischen Maschinen variabel. Eine der elektrischen Maschinen kann je nach Drehsinn angetrieben oder mitgeschleppt werden.
8. H. Eine vierte Wirkverbindung wird durch eine Kombination der eingerückten dritten Kupplung und ersten Kupplung hergestellt. Dabei fließt die Leistung beider elektrischen Maschinen analog A.. Die zweite Kupplung ist geöffnet.

Further embodiments of the invention provide the following variants:

1. A. The first gear that is operatively connected to the first drive shaft is an idler gear. The idler gear is freely rotatable on the first drive shaft at least in one direction of rotation about the axis of rotation of the drive shaft. The idler gear can be connected to the first drive shaft in a torque-transmitting manner. The first operative connection results, in which the drive power of the electrical machine flows from the rotor shaft via the first drive shaft and from there via the first gearwheel coupled to the first drive shaft. The first gear continues the operative connection because it is in mesh with the first idler at the same time. The first intermediate gear is in turn rigidly connected to the intermediate shaft, on which the driven gear is also rigidly attached. Finally, the driven gear is in mesh with the final drive on the final drive. The power applied by the first electrical machine flows in the first operative connection via the closed first clutch onto the first gearwheel and from there into the first intermediate gear and further via the intermediate shaft onto the driven gear and finally into the output. The second clutch and the third clutch are open in the driving state of variant A.
2. B. The first gear is rigidly connected to the first drive shaft. The first idler gear that sits on the first idler shaft is an idler gear. This idler gear is freely rotatable on the first intermediate shaft at least in one direction of rotation about the axis of rotation of the first intermediate shaft. Torques can be transmitted to the first intermediate shaft by means of the first clutch. The drive power applied by the first electrical machine flows analogously to A. and thus corresponds to an embodiment of variant A. The second clutch and the third clutch are open in variant B.
3. C. The second gear, which is operatively connected to the second drive shaft, is an idler gear. The idler gear is freely rotatable on the second drive shaft at least in one direction of rotation about the axis of rotation of the second drive shaft. Torques can be transmitted to the second drive shaft via the second clutch. The second operative connection results, in which drive power flows from the rotor shaft of the second electrical machine via the second drive shaft and from there via the second gearwheel coupled to the second drive shaft. The second gear continues the operative connection because it is also meshed with a reversing gear. The reversing gear meshes with the second idler gear. The second intermediate gear is in turn rigidly connected to the intermediate shaft, on which the driven gear is also rigidly attached. The driven gear is also meshed with a driven gear of the driven gear, as in the previously mentioned variants. The power applied by the second electrical machine flows in the second operative connection from the rotor shaft of the second electrical machine to the second drive shaft and from there via the closed second clutch to the second gearwheel, then via the second gearwheel and the second idler gear, as well as the intermediate shaft the driven gear and finally from there into the output. The first clutch and the third clutch are disengaged in variant C.
4. D. The second gear is an idler gear on the second drive shaft and is operatively connected to the second drive shaft via the second clutch. The second gear meshes with a first reversing gear and the second idler meshes with a second reversing gear. The reversing gears sit on a common second intermediate shaft. This results in an embodiment of the second operative connection in which the drive power of the second electrical machine from the rotor shaft via the second drive shaft and from there via the first clutch to the second drive wheel and from the second drive wheel to the first reversing wheel and from there first reverse gear into which the second intermediate shaft flows. From there, the drive power flows to the second reversing wheel. From the second reversing wheel, the drive power continues to flow via the second idler gear as in variant C .. The first and third clutches are open in variant D.
5. E. Is an embodiment of variant D .. The second gear sits firmly on the first drive shaft. Optionally, one of the reversing gears on the intermediate shaft is an idler gear, ie an operative connection between a reversing gear and the second intermediate shaft can be engaged or disengaged via the second clutch. This active connection is otherwise analogous to variant D ..
6. F. Is a further embodiment of variant D .. The second gear and the reversing wheels are firmly seated on their respective shafts. The second idler gear is an idler gear and can be connected to the first idler shaft via the second clutch. Otherwise, the second active connection runs as in variant D ..
7. G. A third operative connection is established by engaging the third clutch. The two drive shafts are connected to each other. The gearbox is variable with regard to the translation and the choice of the direction of rotation of the electrical machines. Depending on the direction of rotation, one of the electrical machines can be driven or dragged along.
8. H. A fourth operative connection is established by a combination of the engaged third clutch and the first clutch. The power of both electrical machines flows analogously to A .. The second clutch is open.

In general, the output is preferably provided with a differential which is driven by the drive wheel and from which the power is transmitted to driven vehicle wheels.

Description of the drawings

The invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments.

• - eine erste elektrische Maschine 2 mit einer ersten Rotorwelle 20 sowie eine zweite elektrische Maschine 3 mit einer zweiten Rotorwelle 21,
• - eine erste Antriebswelle 9, eine zweite Antriebswelle 10, ein erstes Zahnrad 11, ein zweites Zahnrad 12, eine erste Kupplung 5, eine zweite Kupplung 6 sowie eine dritte Kupplung 7,
• - eine erste Zwischenwelle 13, ein erstes Zwischenrad 15, ein zweites Zwischenrad 16 sowie ein Abtriebsrad 18,
• - ein Umkehrrad 17
• - einen Abtrieb 8 mit einem Antriebsrad 19.

The 1 to 8th schematically each show an electromechanical drive in a highly simplified manner 1 , 25th , 26 , 27th , 28 , 29 , 30th respectively. 31 . The electromechanical drives 1 , 25th , 26 , 27th , 28 , 29 , 30th respectively. 31 each have the following machine elements or assemblies:

• - a first electrical machine 2nd with a first rotor shaft 20th as well as a second electrical machine 3rd with a second rotor shaft 21st ,
• - a first drive shaft 9 , a second drive shaft 10th , a first gear 11 , a second gear 12 , a first clutch 5 , a second clutch 6 as well as a third clutch 7 ,
• - a first intermediate shaft 13 , a first idler gear 15 , a second idler gear 16 as well as an output gear 18th ,
• - a reversing wheel 17
• - an output 8th with a drive wheel 19th .

• - Die erste Kupplung 5 ist ein erster Freilauf 5A.
• - Die zweite Kupplung 6 ist ein zweiter Freilauf 6A.
• - Die dritte Kupplung 7 ist ein dritter Freilauf 7A.

In general, the clutches can be designed as desired, for example as multi-plate clutches or claw clutches. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention:

• - The first clutch 5 is a first freewheel 5A .
• - The second clutch 6 is a second freewheel 6A .
• - The third clutch 7 is a third freewheel 7A .

Generally the freewheels 5A , 6A or 7A As self-switching, however, it can also be designed as switchable freewheels.

The first gear 11 sits on the first drive shaft 9 . The first drive shaft 9 is with the first rotor shaft 20th connected. The second gear 12 sits on the second drive shaft 10th . The second drive shaft 10th is with the second rotor shaft 21st connected. Coaxial between the drive shafts 9 and 10th is a third clutch 7 arranged, via which a drive connection between the first drive shaft 9 and the second drive shaft 10th one or is disengageable. The third clutch is preferably a freewheel 7A . The rotor shaft 20th and 21st as well as the drive shafts 9 and 10th are arranged coaxially to each other so that the first electrical machine 2nd and the second electrical machine 3rd with the front pages 22 and 23 face each other and the waves 9 , 10th , 20th such as 21st axially between the electrical machines 2nd and 3rd run. The first gear 11 is in mesh with the first idler gear 15 . The second gear 12 is in mesh with the first reversing wheel 17th . The first intermediate wheel 15 , the second idler gear 16 as well as the driven wheel 18th sit on the first intermediate shaft 13 .

• 1, 3, 5 und 6 - Das erste Umkehrrad 17 steht im Zahneingriff mit dem zweiten Zwischenrad 16.
• 2, 4, 7 und 8 - Die Antriebsvorrichtungen 25, 27, 30 und 31 weisen abweichend von den mit den 1, 3, 5 und 6 gezeigten Antriebsvorrichtungen 1, 26, 28 und 29 zusätzlich noch ein zweites Umkehrrad 24 auf. Das zweite Umkehrrad 24 sitzt gemeinsam mit dem ersten Umkehrrad 17 auf einer zweiten Zwischenwelle 14. Das zweite Umkehrrad 24 steht im Zahneingriff mit dem zweiten Zwischenrad 16.

The driven gear 18th is fixed with the first intermediate shaft 13 connected and meshes with the drive wheel 19th . The downforce 8th is a differential, which is shown in a highly simplified manner. The differential has two output shafts 32 and 33 on, each of which is not shown and via the respective drive 1 , 25th , 26 , 27th , 28 , 29 , 30th respectively. 31 driven vehicle grade is connected.

• 1 , 3rd , 5 and 6 - The first reversing wheel 17th is in mesh with the second idler gear 16 .
• 2nd , 4th , 7 and 8th - The drive devices 25th , 27th , 30th and 31 differ from those with 1 , 3rd , 5 and 6 shown drive devices 1 , 26 , 28 and 29 additionally a second reversing wheel 24th on. The second reversing wheel 24th sits together with the first reversing wheel 17th on a second intermediate shaft 14 . The second reversing wheel 24th is in mesh with the second idler gear 16 .

1 - The clutches 5 , 6 and 7 of the electromechanical drive 1 are in series and coaxial with the drive shafts 9 and 10th as well as the rotor shafts 20th and 21st aligned. The first gear 11 is a loose wheel, which with the first clutch open 5 free on the first drive shaft 9 about the axis of rotation of the first drive shaft 9 is rotatable. The second gear 12 is an idler gear, which is free on the second drive shaft when the second clutch is open 10th is rotatable. The first intermediate wheel 15 and the driven gear 18th sit firmly on the first intermediate shaft.

2nd - The clutches 5 , 6 and 7 of the electromechanical drive 25th are in series and coaxial with the drive shafts 9 and 10th as well as the rotor shafts 20th and 21st aligned. The first gear 11 is a loose wheel, which with the first clutch open 5 free on the first drive shaft 9 about the axis of rotation of the first drive shaft 9 is rotatable. The second gear 12 is an idler gear, which is free on the second drive shaft when the second clutch is open 10th is rotatable. The first reversing wheel 17th and the second reversing wheel 24th sit firmly on the second intermediate shaft 14 . The first intermediate wheel 15 and the driven gear 18th sit firmly on the first intermediate shaft.

3rd and 4th - The first clutch 5 and the third clutch 7 of electromechanical drives 26 and 27th are in series and coaxial with the drive shafts 9 and 10th as well as the rotor shafts 20th and 21st aligned. The first gear 11 is a loose wheel, which with the first clutch open 5 free on the first drive shaft 9 about the axis of rotation of the first drive shaft 9 is rotatable. The second gear 12 sits firmly on the second drive shaft 10th . The second clutch 6 is coaxial to the first intermediate shaft 13 aligned. The second idler 16 is a loose wheel, which with the second clutch open 6 free on the first intermediate shaft 13 about the axis of rotation of the first intermediate shaft 13 is rotatable.

5 - The second clutch 6 and the third clutch 7 of the electromechanical drive 28 are in series and coaxial with the drive shafts 9 and 10th as well as the rotor shaft 20th and 21st aligned. The first gear 11 sits firmly on the first drive shaft 9 . The second gear 12 is a loose wheel, which with the second clutch open 6 free on the second drive shaft 10th about the axis of rotation of the second drive shaft 10th is rotatable. The first clutch 5 is coaxial to the first intermediate shaft 13 aligned. The first intermediate wheel 15 is a loose wheel, which with the first clutch open 5 freely rotatable on the first intermediate shaft 13 sits.

6 and 7 - The two gears 11 and 12 of electromechanical drives 29 and 30th sit firmly on their respective drive shaft 9 respectively. 10th . The first clutch 5 and the second clutch 6 are coaxial to the first intermediate shaft 13 aligned. The first intermediate wheel 15 and the second idler gear 16 are each idler gears, which with their respective first clutch open 5 or second clutch 6 free on the first intermediate shaft 13 are arranged rotatably.

8th - The first clutch 5 and the third clutch 7 of the electromechanical drive 31 are in series and coaxial with the drive shafts 9 and 10th as well as the rotor shafts 20th and 21st aligned. The first gear 11 is a loose wheel, which with the first clutch open 5 free on the first drive shaft 9 about the axis of rotation of the first drive shaft 9 is rotatable. The second gear 12 sits firmly on the second drive shaft 10th . The first reversing wheel 17th is a loose wheel, which with the second clutch open 6 about the axis of rotation of the second intermediate shaft 14 around the second intermediate shaft 14 is rotatable.

1 , 2nd , 3rd , 4th , 5 , 6 , 7 and 8th - In one embodiment of a first operative connection, the first clutch is 5 closed and the second and third clutch 6 and 7 are opened. In this operating state, drive power of the first electrical machine flows 2nd about the rotor shaft 20th on the first drive shaft 9 and from there via the first clutch 5 on the first gear 11 and further via the meshing between the first gear 11 and the first idler gear 15 on the first intermediate shaft 13 and from there on over the first intermediate shaft 13 to the driven gear 18th and from there via the drive wheel 19th into the differential.

1 and 5 - In an embodiment of a second operative connection is the second clutch 6 closed and the clutches 5 and 7 are opened. In this operating state, drive power of the second electrical machine flows 3rd about the rotor shaft 21st on the second drive shaft 10th and from there via the second clutch 6 on the second gear 12 . From the second gear 12 the power flows through the meshing of the second gear 12 with the first reversing wheel 17th on the first reversing wheel 17th . From there, the drive power is via the meshing between the reversing wheel 17th and the second idler gear 16 on the first intermediate shaft 13 transferred. From there, the power continues to flow via the first intermediate shaft 13 to the driven gear 18th and from there via the drive wheel 19th into the differential.

2nd - In a further embodiment of a second operative connection is the second clutch 6 closed and the first clutch 5 and the third clutch 6 and 7 are opened. In this operating state, drive power of the second electrical machine flows 3rd about the rotor shaft 21st on the second drive shaft 10th and from there via the second clutch 6 on the second gear 12 . From the second gear 12 the power flows through the meshing of the second gear 12 with the first reversing wheel 17th on the first reversing wheel 17th and thus on the second intermediate shaft 14 . The power is through the second intermediate shaft 14 on the second reversing wheel 24th and the meshing of the second reversing wheel 24th with the second idler gear 16 on the first intermediate shaft 13 transferred. From there, the power continues to flow via the first intermediate shaft 13 to the driven gear 18th and from there via the drive wheel 19th into the differential.

3rd and 6 In a further embodiment, the second operative connection is the second clutch 6 closed and the first clutch 5 and the third clutch 7 are opened. In this operating state, drive power of the second electrical machine flows 3rd about the rotor shaft 21st on the second drive shaft 10th and from there via the second clutch 6 on the second gear 12 . From the second gear 12 the power flows through the meshing of the second gear 12 with the first reversing wheel 17th on the first reversing wheel 17th . From the first reversing wheel 17th the drive power is generated via the meshing of the first reversing wheel 17th with the second idler gear 16 via the second idler gear 16 and the second clutch 6 on the first intermediate shaft 13 transferred. From there, the power continues to flow via the first intermediate shaft 13 to the driven gear 18th and from there via the drive wheel 19th into the differential.

4th and 7 - In an embodiment of a second operative connection is the second clutch 6 closed and the first clutch 5 and the third clutch 6 and 7 are opened. In this operating state, drive power of the second electrical machine flows 3rd about the rotor shaft 21st on the second drive shaft 10th and from there to the second gear 12 . From the second gear 12 the power flows through the meshing of the second gear 12 with the first reversing wheel 17th on the first reversing wheel 17th and thus on the second intermediate shaft 14 . The power is through the second intermediate shaft 14 on the second reversing wheel 24th and the meshing of the second reversing wheel 24th with the second idler gear 16 via the second clutch 6 on the first intermediate shaft 13 transferred. From there, the power continues to flow via the first intermediate shaft 13 to the driven gear 18th and from there via the drive wheel 19th into the differential.

8th In one configuration of a second operative connection, the second clutch is 6 closed and the first clutch 5 and the third clutch 6 and 7 are opened. In this operating state, drive power of the second electrical machine flows 3rd about the rotor shaft 21st on the second drive shaft 10th and from there to the second gear 12 . From the second gear 12 the power flows through the meshing of the second gear 12 with the first reversing wheel 17th on the first reversing wheel 17th and from there on the second clutch 6 on the second intermediate shaft 14 . The power is through the second intermediate shaft 14 on the second reversing wheel 24th and the meshing of the second reversing wheel 24th with the second idler gear 16 on the second idler gear and thus on the first idler shaft 13 transferred. From there, the power continues to flow via the first intermediate shaft 13 to the driven gear 18th and from there via the drive wheel 19th into the differential. It is also conceivable that the second clutch 6 instead of between the first reversing wheel 17th and the second intermediate shaft 14 between the second reversing wheel 24th and the second intermediate shaft 14 is switched.

1 , 2nd , 3rd , 4th , 5 , 6 , 7 and 8th - In an embodiment of a third operative connection is the third clutch 7 closed and thus the first electrical machine 2nd with the electric machine 3rd over the drive shafts 9 and 10th and the closed clutch 7 between the drive shafts 9 and 10th connected with each other. By suitable control and polarity of the electrical machines 2nd and 3rd and using the first clutch 5 and second clutch 6 are this common drive source or driven individually or collectively.

1 and 2nd The third operative connection results in a further embodiment of the invention, according to which a fourth operative connection is provided by coupling the first operative connection to the third operative connection. The first electrical machine 2nd drives in a sense of rotation. The first freewheel 5A is closed and takes the first gear 11 With. Which is the second electrical machine 3rd turns in the opposite direction. The second freewheel 6 opens and disconnects the second active connection. The third freewheel 7 closes and connects the drive shafts 9 and 10th . The drive power of both electrical machines 2nd and 3rd be on the first gear 11 summed up. From there, the power flows as previously described with the first active connection. Another operative connection is also conceivable, in which the power via the closed couplings 6 and 7 with the first clutch open 5 on the second gear 12 is summed.

Reference symbol list

1

electromechanical drive

2nd

first electrical machine

3rd

second electrical machine

4th

not used

5

first clutch

5A

first freewheel

6

second clutch

6A

second freewheel

7

third clutch

7A

third freewheel

8th

Downforce

9

first drive shaft

10th

second drive shaft

11

first gear

12

second gear

13

first intermediate shaft

14

second intermediate shaft

15

first intermediate wheel

16

second idler gear

17th

first reversing wheel

18th

Output gear

19th

drive wheel

20th

first rotor shaft

21st

second rotor shaft

22

first front of the first electrical machine

23

second front of the second electrical machine

24th

second reversing wheel

25th

electromechanical drive

26

electromechanical drive

27th

electromechanical drive

28

electromechanical drive

29

electromechanical drive

30th

electromechanical drive

31

electromechanical drive

32

Output shaft

33

Output shaft

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102011056929 A1 [0003]

Non-patent literature cited

• DIN EN 60034-8 [0010]

Claims (13)

Electromechanical drive (1, 25) at least with: - a first electrical machine (2) with a first rotor shaft (20) and a second electrical machine (3) with a second rotor shaft (21) - a first clutch (5), a second Coupling (6) and a third coupling (7) - an output (8) - a switchable first mechanical operative connection between the first electrical machine (2) and the output (8) - a switchable second mechanical operative connection between the second electrical machine (3 ) and the output (8) whereby - the first mechanical operative connection by a first drive shaft (9) connected to the first rotor shaft (20) of the first electrical machine (2), by a first gearwheel (11) operatively connected to the first drive shaft (9) ), by a first intermediate gear (15) seated on a first intermediate shaft (13) and in meshing engagement with the first gear (11) and by a seated on the first intermediate shaft (13) and with a drive wheel (19) of the output (8) meshing driven gear (18) and the first clutch associated with the first operative connection is formed, and wherein - the second mechanical operative connection is at least by a to the second rotor shaft of the second electrical machine (3) Connected second drive shaft (10), by a second gear (12) operatively connected to the second drive shaft (10), by a second intermediate gear (16) seated on the first intermediate shaft, and by the drive gear (19) of the output (8) in the Toothed output gear (18) and is formed by the second coupling assigned to the second operative connection, wherein - one of the electrical machines (2, 3) has an opposite direction of rotation to the other of the electrical machines (2, 3), the direction of rotation of the respective machine is a first direction of rotation around the axis of rotation of the rotor shaft (20, 21) of the at least one electrical machine (2, 3) when in the direction of the course direction of the axis of rotation on a front side (22, 23) of this one electrical machine (2, 3) is viewed, and wherein the front side (22, 23) is the side of the electrical machine on which one of the drive shafts (9, 10) this rotor shaft (20, 21) is connected, characterized in that in the second mechanical operative connection between the second gear (12) and the second intermediate gear (16) the second gear (12) meshes with a reversing gear (17) and a Reversing gear (17, 24) is in mesh with the second idler gear (16) seated on the first idler shaft (13). Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 1 characterized in that the second gear (12) and the second idler gear (16) are operatively connected to one another via a reversing gear (17), the reversing gear (17) being connected both to the second gear (12) and to that on the intermediate shaft ( 13) seated second idler gear (16) is in tooth mesh. Electromechanical drive (25) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the second gear (12) and the second idler gear are operatively connected to one another via two reversing gears (17, 24) and a second intermediate shaft (14), the reversing gears (17, 24) being seated on the second intermediate shaft (14) , wherein the second gear (12) with the first reversing gear (17) and the second idler gear (16) with the second reversing gear (24) is in mesh, and wherein the first reversing gear (17) and the second reversing gear (24) via the second Intermediate shaft (14) are coupled together. Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the direction of rotation of at least one of the electrical machines (2, 3) can be switched into a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation about the axis of rotation. Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that a switchable third mechanical operative connection is formed between the first electrical machine (2) and the second electrical machine (3), the third mechanical operative connection being switchable between the drive shafts (9, 10) via the third clutch (7) is. Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 5 , characterized in that a switchable fourth mechanical operative connection is formed between the second electrical machine (3) and the output (8), which can be produced by coupling the third operative connection to the first operative connection. Electromechanical drive after Claim 1 , characterized in that the first gear (11) and the first drive shaft (9) via the first clutch (5) or the first intermediate gear (15) and the intermediate shaft (13) via the first clutch (5) and / or the second Gear (12) and the second drive shaft (10) via the second clutch (6) alternatively, the at least one reversing gear (17, 24) or the second idler gear (16) and the intermediate shaft (13) via the second clutch (6) are. Electromechanical drive (1) at least with: - a first electrical machine (2) with a first rotor shaft (20) and a second electrical machine (3) with a second rotor shaft (21) - a first clutch (5), a second clutch (6) and a third clutch (7) - An output (8) - a switchable first mechanical operative connection between the first electrical machine (2) and the output (8) - a switchable second mechanical operative connection between the second electrical machine (3) and the output (8) where - the first Mechanical operative connection through a first drive shaft (9) connected to the first rotor shaft (20) of the first electrical machine (2), through a first gearwheel (11) operatively connected to the first drive shaft (9), through a seated on an intermediate shaft (13) and with the first gear (11) meshing with the first intermediate gear (15) and with a gear on the intermediate shaft (13) and with a drive gear (19) of the output (8) meshing the driven wheel (18) and the first clutch associated with the first operative connection are formed, and wherein - the second mechanical operative connection is formed at least by a second drive shaft (10) connected to the second rotor shaft of the second electrical machine (3), by a second drive shaft (10) operatively connected second gear (12), by a second idler gear (16) seated on the intermediate shaft and operatively connected to the second gear (12) and by the driven gear (18) meshing with the drive wheel (19) of the output (8) ) and the second clutch associated with the second operative connection, wherein - in the first mechanical operative connection the first clutch (5) is engaged and the second clutch (6) and the third clutch (7) are disengaged, characterized in that in the second operative connection, the second clutch (6) is engaged and the first clutch (5) and the third clutch (7) are disengaged. Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 8 , characterized in that in a third mechanical operative connection the drive shafts (9, 10) are operatively connected to one another via the third clutch (7) and in a fourth mechanical operative connection the third operative connection is coupled to the first operative connection, the first operative connection in the fourth Clutch (5) and the third clutch (7) are engaged and the second clutch (6) is disengaged. Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 8 , characterized in that at least one of the clutches (5, 6, 7) is a freewheel (5A, 6A, 7A) which, depending on the direction of rotation of at least one of the drive shafts (9, 10) about the axis of rotation of the at least one of the drive shafts ( 9, 10) is self-coupling or self-decoupling. Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 8 , in which the clutches (5, 6, 7) are freewheels (5A, 6A, 7A). Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 10 or 11 , in which at least one of the freewheels (5A) can optionally be coupled and uncoupled in one and the other in the other direction of rotation of the opposite directions of rotation about the axis of rotation of at least one of these drive shafts (9, 10). Electromechanical drive (1) after Claim 8 , 9 , 10th , 11 or 12 , in which at least one of the electrical machines (2, 3) at least temporarily has an opposite direction of rotation to the other of the electrical machines (2, 3), the direction of rotation of the respective machine having a first direction of rotation about the axis of rotation of the rotor shaft (20, 21) is at least one electrical machine (2, 3) when a front side (22, 23) of this one electrical machine (2, 3) is viewed in the direction of rotation of the axis of rotation, and the front side (22, 23) is the side of the electrical machine on which one of the drive shafts (9, 10) is connected to this rotor shaft (20, 21), the electrical machines (2, 3) with the front sides (22, 23) facing each other and coaxially with the axes of rotation of the rotor shafts (20, 21) are aligned with respect to one another and the direction of rotation of at least one of the electrical machines (2, 3) shifts in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation about the axis of rotation is tbar.

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