DE102018127837B3 - System comprising at least one battery and a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion - Google Patents

Abstract

The system (10) according to the invention comprises at least one battery (20) with at least two poles (26), further comprising a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) can be connected to the poles (26) of the at least one battery (20) by means of a connection arrangement (40) and the connection arrangement (40) or the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) has at least one opposite pole (36) for connection having a pole (26) of the battery (20). The poles (26) of the battery (20) and the opposite pole (36) have conical contact surfaces (261; 361) which can be brought into engagement with one another.

Description

The invention relates to a system comprising at least one battery and a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

A generic system is from the DE 10 2004 043 138 A1 known. Another system is out of the DE 10 2015 013 472 A1 known. In the EP 0 906 853 A2 a battery and a distribution box are connected to one another via connecting elements. These connecting elements are designed as rigid separate components - for example in an L-shape. So the contact between the battery and the distribution box is not direct, but must be done with the help of the connecting elements. Although a compact design is made possible, the power transmission can nevertheless be impaired, for example, by external influences on the connecting elements.

The object of the invention is to provide a system for the direct connection of a battery to a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a system with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Applications of the invention are applications in the automotive sector, in particular applications in electromobility.

With the present invention, it is possible to create a compact, error-minimized and low-loss connection between a battery and a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion. In addition, the use of connecting cables can be dispensed with.

The system according to the invention comprises at least one battery with at least two poles, as well as a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion can be connected to the poles of the at least one battery by means of a connection arrangement. The connection arrangement or the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion has a counter pole for connection to a pole of the battery, the poles of the battery and the counter pole having a conical contact surface which can be brought into engagement with one another. In contrast to known contact areas with an annular cross section, conical contact areas increase the area available for current transmission. This minimizes the transmission resistance and thereby also the transmission losses. Another advantage of the conical contact surfaces is that they engage securely and therefore remain in engagement even in the event of strong, road-related vibrations or a vehicle impact. According to the invention, the battery has a connector housing which has a cutout on one pole side of the battery for receiving the connector housing of the device for energy distribution and / or energy generation. A type of key / lock system can thus be formed between the two components, the battery and the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion. The connector housing of the battery can be detachably connected to the battery housing.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the at least one opposite pole can be pressed onto the respective pole of the battery by means of a strong spring. This creates a reliable, high contact pressure between the contact surfaces, which also enables the transmission of high currents with almost no loss and without the risk of an arc.

A preferred exemplary embodiment provides that the contact surfaces of the at least two poles of the battery form a hollow-cone-shaped receptacle which widens upwards and the respective opposite pole is designed accordingly as a truncated-cone-shaped contact surface for engaging in the hollow-cone-shaped receptacle. In an alternative embodiment, the contact surfaces between the pole and the opposite pole can also be formed the other way round - the pole on the battery in the shape of a truncated cone and the opposite pole in the shape of a hollow cone. According to a further alternative, the contact surfaces can also be designed as flat inclined surfaces of an n-sided prism or as simple flat inclined surfaces, in the latter case an additional guide surface next to the poles being required.

In a particularly preferred development of the invention, the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion has a receiving space for movable mounting of the opposite pole.

The receiving space preferably also serves to receive the spring and can be connected to a counter-pressure element acting on the rear of the spring.

The counter-pressure piece can advantageously be screwed into the receiving space, whereby the desired spring force can also be set by means of a variable screw-in depth.

The counter-pressure piece preferably has an annular space for receiving a current measuring device. The current measuring device is used to monitor the current flow between the pole and the opposite pole and can preferably also be used for determining the remaining capacity of the electrical energy still stored in the battery or if a predetermined limit value is exceeded to limit the power of an electrical drive motor of the vehicle.

In an alternative development, the counter-pressure piece can also be designed as a counter-pressure plate, which can be fastened to a housing wall of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion. In this case, the current measuring device is designed, for example, as a circumferential ring and the current measurement can take place without “intervention” in the system.

It has also been shown to be a particularly advantageous further development if the plug housing of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion has at least two receiving spaces for at least one opposite pole, so that each opposite pole can be arranged in its own receiving space.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one shielding plate is arranged between the connector housing of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion and the connector housing of the battery. This at least one shielding plate serves to shield electromagnetic radiation, which could otherwise impair the function and / or service life of electrical components.

It has also proven to be particularly advantageous if the connection arrangement is designed as a separate component and can be connected to a housing wall of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion. For example, the connection arrangement can be removed from the system as part of maintenance and / or repair work.

Furthermore, partial areas of the system are advantageously formed by flexible elements. These can be bellows, for example, which are used as sealing elements in the system.

It has also been shown that it is particularly advantageous if the battery has first poles for transmitting a first, high current and at least one secondary contact for transmitting a second, lower current. The second current strength is at least ten times lower than the first current strength. It has also been shown that the first current is between 25 A and 500 A and the second current is between 0.1 A and 25 A.

• 1 eine Schnittdarstellung des Systems entlang einer Schnittebene A gemäß 2;
• 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung zur Energieverteilung und/oder Energieumwandlung;
• 3 eine perspektivische Teilschnittdarstellung der Vorrichtung zur Energieverteilung und/oder Energieumwandlung mit einem dieser zugeordneten zweiten Steckergehäuse;
• 4 eine perspektivische Teilschnittdarstellung der Batterie mit einem batterieseitigen ersten Steckergehäuse und
• 5 eine perspektivische Teilschnittdarstellung des Systems in gekoppeltem Zustand.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. It shows:

• 1 a sectional view of the system along a sectional plane A according to 2nd ;
• 2nd a plan view of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion;
• 3rd a perspective partial sectional view of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion with a second connector housing assigned thereto;
• 4th a perspective partial sectional view of the battery with a battery-side first connector housing and
• 5 a perspective partial sectional view of the system in a coupled state.

The 1 shows a sectional view of a system according to the invention 10th along a cutting plane A (please refer 2nd ). How from 2nd visible, forms the section plane A a first axis of symmetry, to which a second axis of symmetry A10 is arranged orthogonally. Right and left of the axis of symmetry A10 the same arrangement of the components described below is thus shown in the figures. A device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th with a housing 32 is by means of a connection arrangement 40 with a one housing 22 having battery 20th connected.

The battery 20th has at least two poles 26 and the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th at least two opposite poles 36 on. At the poles 26 and the opposite poles 36 are conical contact surfaces 261 respectively. 361 trained by means of which the poles 26 and the opposite poles 36 can be brought into engagement with one another. The opposite poles 36 are there by a spring 48 to the poles 26 compressible. The contact areas 261 the Pole 26 form an upwards - in the direction of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th towards - expanding hollow cone-shaped receptacle 262 . The contact surface is corresponding 361 for the engagement of the opposite poles 36 in the hollow cone-shaped receptacle 262 designed as a truncated cone. Ideally this is the contact between the battery 20th and the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th through the conical contact surfaces 261 respectively. 361 based on the diameter of the poles 26 and the opposite Poland 36 greatly enlarged. The resistances and losses in power transmission are conical Contact areas 261 and 361 much less than, for example, with round contact surfaces.

On contact pins of the poles 26 the battery 20th sensors for current measurement are preferably integrated (not shown). This can be achieved, for example, using Hall sensors. A voltage measurement is particularly preferably carried out using a four-wire technique on both sides of the connection (likewise not shown). Temperature monitoring of the system is also preferably carried out 10th via integrated temperature sensors (also not shown).

For movable storage and guidance of the at least one opposite pole 36 has the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th a second connector housing 34 with a recording room 342 on. The second connector housing 34 is in a recess 222 of a first connector housing 24th the battery 20th arranged. This makes poles 26 and opposite poles 36 for coupling to produce a conductive high-voltage connection in a simple manner relative to each other.

The recording room 342 serves to receive the at least one opposite pole 36 . The opposite pole 36 has an outwardly projecting waistband 37 on which there is a cylindrical shaft of the opposite pole 36 surrounding spring 48 supported with one end. The other end of the spring 48 is on the inside of a counter pressure piece 44 at. The counter pressure piece 44 is in the recording room 342 screwable and has an annular space on its top 442 on to accommodate a current measuring device 46 serves. In an alternative embodiment, the counter pressure piece 44 also as a counter pressure plate 45 with one around the opposite pole 36 circumferential collar and the ring-shaped current measuring device around this collar (see 3rd and 5 ). So a current measurement can be done without entering the system 10th To "intervene".

The battery 20th points for a form-fitting interaction with the second connector housing 34 a first connector housing 24th on. The first connector housing 24th is by a circumferential ring plate 80 (please refer 4th and 5 ) with a housing wall 221 of the housing 22 the battery 20th releasably connectable.

Between the connector housing 34 the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th and the connector housing 24th the battery 20th is at least one shield 70 arranged. In an alternative embodiment, the shielding plate 70 also below a pole housing 263 and between the connector housing 34 and a frame 52 of an elastic element 50 be arranged. The elastic element 50 is designed as a flexible seal in the form of a bellows and thus also enables tolerances to be compensated for.

To the system 10th Maintaining permanent functionality and protecting it from moisture and dirt, for example, are in addition to the elastic element 50 three circumferential seals 245 , 246 and 55 intended. The first seal 245 is between the first connector housing 24th and the frame 52 of the elastic element 50 arranged. The second seal 246 is in a groove near the outer edge of the connector housing 24th between this and the housing wall 221 arranged. The preferred from the edge of the flexible element 50 third seal formed 55 is between the frame 52 of the elastic element 50 and a housing wall 321 the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th arranged.

The safe and compact connection of the system 10th takes place by means of connecting elements 60 , 62 and 63 . The two connecting elements serve here 60 to the housing 32 the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th with the housing 22 the battery 20th firmly connected (see also 2nd ). The fasteners 62 connect the connector housing 24th with the housing wall 221 of the battery case 22 and the fasteners 63 connect the frame 52 of the elastic element 50 with the housing wall 321 the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th .

The top view of a top of the case 32 the device for energy distribution and / or energy distribution 30th makes it clear that the second connector housing 34 with the connection arrangement 40 which from the counter pressure piece 44 with the annulus 442 , the current measuring device 46 and the feather 48 is formed in a recording room 322 the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th are arranged. On the upper housing wall 321 the device for energy distribution and / or conversion 30th is to form the recording room 322 an oval recess is provided in the embodiment shown. At one edge of this recess are flanges all around 326 formed by means of which the second connector housing 34 on the housing wall 321 is attachable. In an alternative embodiment (see 3rd to 5 ) this function is performed by the counter pressure piece 44 in the form of a counter pressure plate 45 .

How from 2nd can be seen on both sides of the cutting plane A one secondary contact each 38 and adjacent signal contacts 39 shown. The secondary contacts 38 serve to transmit a second current 12th which is at least ten times less than that of the Poles 26 and opposite poles 36 transmitted first current 11 . The pin-shaped signal contacts 39 form with pin-shaped signal contacts 29 the battery 20th a monitoring device by means of which it can be checked which contacts between pole 26 and opposite pole 36 are open and closed. It is a so-called intelligent plug contact identification.

The 3rd shows a perspective partial sectional view of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion described in detail above 30th . The counter pressure piece 44 is in an alternative embodiment as a counter pressure plate 45 with one around the opposite poles 36 collar shown. At the bottom of the housing wall 321 side walls of the housing adjoining upwards 32 the device 30th are not shown in the drawings.

From the perspective partial sectional view of the battery-side arrangement of the components according to 4th is the position of a side contact 28 , as well as the signal contacts 29 illustrated.

In the 5 is the system 10th shown in a coupled state. The device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th is with the battery 20th through the two connecting elements 60 (please refer 1 and 2nd ) firmly connected. The arrangement of the shielding plates 70 between the first connector housing 24th the battery 20th or the frame 52 of the flexible element 50 and the second connector housing 34 the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion 30th is also in 5 clarifies.

Reference list

10th

system

20th

battery

22

casing

221

Housing wall

222

Recess

24th

(first, battery-side) connector housing

245

Seal (between 24th and 52 )

246

Seal (between 22 and 24th )

26

pole

261

Contact area

262

admission

263

Pole housing

28

Secondary contact

29

Signal contact

30th

Device (for energy distribution and / or energy conversion)

32

casing

321

Housing wall

322

Recording room

326

flange

34

(second) connector housing

342

Recording room

36

Opposite pole

37

Confederation 36 )

361

Contact area

38

Secondary contact

39

Signal contact

40

Connection arrangement

44

Counter pressure piece

45

Pressure plate

442

Annulus

46

Current measuring device

48

feather

50

Flexible element (bellows)

52

frame

55

poetry

60

Connecting element (from 20th With 30th )

62

Connecting element (from 22 With 24th and 25th )

63

Connecting element (from 32 With 52 )

70

Shielding plate

80

Ring plate

A

Cutting plane

A10

Axis of symmetry

Claims (13)

System (10) comprising at least one battery (20) with at least two poles (26), further comprising a device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30 ) can be connected to the poles (26) of the at least one battery (20) by means of a connection arrangement (40) and the connection arrangement (40) or the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) has at least one Has opposite pole (36) for connection to a pole (26) of the battery (20), the poles (26) of the battery (20) and the opposite pole (36) having conical contact surfaces (261; 361) which can be brought into engagement with one another characterized in that the battery (20) has a plug housing (24) which has a recess (222) on one pole side of the battery (20) for receiving a plug housing (34) of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) The connector housing (24) of the battery (20) can be detachably connected to the battery housing (22). System (10) Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one opposite pole (36) of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) can be pressed onto the respective pole (26) of the battery (20) by means of at least one spring (48). System (10) Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that the contact surfaces (261) of the at least two poles (26) of the battery (20) form a hollow-conical receptacle (262) which widens upwards. System (10) Claim 3 , characterized in that the opposite pole (36) is designed accordingly as a truncated cone-shaped contact surface (361) for engagement in the hollow-cone-shaped receptacle (262). System (10) Claim 2 characterized in that the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) has a connector housing (34) with a receiving space (342) for a movable mounting of the opposite pole (36). System (10) Claim 5 characterized in that the receiving space (342) serves to receive the spring (48) and can be connected to a counter pressure piece (44). System (10) Claim 6 , characterized in that the counter pressure piece (44) can be screwed into the receiving space (342). System (10) Claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that the counter pressure piece (44) has an annular space (442) which serves to receive a current measuring device (46). System (10) according to one of the Claims 5 to 8th , characterized in that the plug housing (34) of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) has at least two receiving spaces (342) for at least one opposite pole (36). System (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one shielding plate (70) is arranged between the connector housing (34) of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) and the connector housing (24) of the battery (20) . System (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection arrangement (40) is designed as a separate component and can be connected to a housing wall (321) of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30). System (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that partial areas of the device for energy distribution and / or energy conversion (30) are formed by flexible elements (50). System (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery (20) has first poles (26) for transmitting a first current and at least one secondary contact (28) for transmitting a second current, the second current being at least that is ten times less than the first current.

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