DE102018123780A1 - Tripod for an optical observation device and method for increasing the working distance of an optical observation device - Google Patents

Abstract

A stand for an optical observation device (17) comprises a support arm (15) for carrying the optical observation device (17), the orientation of which can be changed with respect to the vertical, and at least one holding device (1, 13) on which the support arm (15) is attached. The holding device (1, 13) contains at least one parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A-C, 31A, 31B) made up of links, in which one of the links (31A) can be changed in length. Changing the orientation of the support arm (15) with respect to the vertical can be brought about by changing the length of the handlebar (31A) which can be changed in length.

Description

The present invention relates to a stand for an optical observation device, in particular a stand for an operating microscope or another type of incident light microscope. In addition, the invention relates to a method for increasing the working distance of an optical observation device, in particular an operating microscope or another type of incident light microscope.

Digital microscopy in surgery allows surgical microscopes to be placed significantly further away from the operating field than was possible with previous surgical microscopes, in which the surgeon and his assistant still had to look through eyepieces. To position the surgical microscope higher above the surgical site, i.e. In order to increase the working distance, the tripod arms on which the microscope attachments are attached must be positioned more steeply, which is not always possible, since otherwise the ceiling of the operating room would be touched. Shortening the suspension could solve this problem. However, shorter suspensions would mean that microscopes positioned close to the surgical site, for example in order to optimize the stereo impression, would move the suspension or the stand arm further down, and could thus obstruct the surgeon's view of a monitor. In addition, a shortened suspension affects the so-called "overhead capability", i.e. the ability that the tripod arm can be moved over the head of the surgeon when he looks through the eyepieces of a surgical microscope.

Modern surgical microscope systems also allow hybrid use, i.e. a use both as a digital surgical microscope and as an optically used surgical microscope, in which the view into eyepieces is possible. Such a microscope is referred to below as a hybrid microscope. The hybrid capability involves a change of large working distances on the one hand in digital mode and the short working distances on the other hand in purely optical mode.

Tripods for surgical microscopes nowadays often include parallelogram rods such as the one in DE 42 02 922 A1 , DE 103 10 459 A1 , DE 10 2004 004 602 A1 , DE 10 2005 031 494 A1 , EP 0 476 551 A1 , US 3,891,301 B, US 5,213,293 B, US 2013/0206934 A1 and US 2018/0095234 A1 tripods described. In addition to tripods with parallelogram linkages, tripods without parallelogram linkages are also known. An example of a tripod without parallelogram linkage is in DE 20 2005 020 973 U1 described. Tripods are also known which have an arm with a parallelogram linkage and an arm without a parallelogram linkage. For example, in the DE 42 02 922 A1 described a tripod in which the horizontal positioning of a suspension holding a surgical microscope is carried out using a parallel linkage, whereas the vertical positioning is carried out using a conventional swivel arm. In order to compensate for a change in the orientation of a support arm holding the suspension when the pivot arm is pivoted vertically, the support arm can be pivoted about a horizontal axis. The use of parallelogram linkages for both horizontal and vertical positioning of the suspension makes it possible to change the position of the suspension in a horizontal and / or vertical position without changing the orientation of the suspension, as is clearly shown in US 2018/0095234 A1 is described. In order to balance the tripod so that the suspension can be positioned largely without torque, the parallel linkages often have counterweights that can be arranged to move, or spring systems, sometimes also motors, or combinations of these mechanisms to make the tripods use microscopes to be able to adapt with different weights. A tripod with sliding counterweights is for example in EP 0 476 551 A1 described.

In addition, for example DE 10 2005 031 494 A1 and US 3,891,301 B tripods are known in which the orientation of the suspension can be pivoted in a vertical plane with the aid of a parallelogram in order to be able to position a microscope attached to the suspension in a suitable manner to the observation object.

None of the tripods described solves the problem mentioned at the beginning, that with a large working distance, such as when using a digital microscope or especially a hybrid microscope when operating in digital mode, the maximum working height to the ceiling of the room in which the tripod is operated with the microscope is limited, so that the desired working distance may not be achieved under certain circumstances.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a tripod for an optical observation device which, in the case of a tripod with at least one parallelogram linkage, makes it possible to achieve a high working distance without a tripod hitting the ceiling.

It is a further object of the present invention, a method for increasing the working distance of an optical observation device which is attached to a holding device of a tripod is attached to enable without a tripod arm of the holding device hitting the ceiling of the room in which the tripod is operated with the optical observation device.

The first object is achieved by a stand according to claim 1, the second object is achieved by a method for increasing the working distance according to claim 11. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements of the invention.

A stand according to the invention for an optical observation device comprises a support arm for carrying the optical observation device and at least one holding device to which the support arm is attached. The orientation of the support arm can be changed with respect to the vertical. The holding device contains at least one parallelogram linkage composed of links. According to the invention, one of the links can be changed in length in the parallelogram linkage, the change in the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical being brought about by changing the length of the link which can be changed in length.

The fact that the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical can be changed by changing the length of the lengthwise extendable handlebar of the parallelogram linkage, the tripod makes it possible to change the orientation of the support arm in such a way that the optical observation device attached to it is raised becomes. A pivoting of the tripod arm, which is formed by the parallel linkage, is not necessary, so that the position of the tripod arms can essentially be maintained and the optical observation device is thus raised without having to change the orientation of the tripod arms. The change in the orientation of the optical observation device associated with the change in the orientation of the support arm can be compensated for by rotating the optical observation device about an axis of the suspension from which the optical observation device is held. Such an axis is usually present in the suspension in order to be able to orient the optical observation device as freely as possible with respect to the observation object

In particular, the holding device can comprise at least a first stand arm pivotable in a vertical plane and a second stand arm arranged on the first stand arm and pivotable in the vertical plane. The support arm is then attached to the second stand arm, and the first stand arm and / or the second stand arm is or are constructed from links which form parallogram linkages. At least with the parallelogram linkage of the first stand arm or with the parallelogram linkage of the second stand arm, one of the links can be changed in length. With this configuration, the tripod according to the invention can be realized in the context of one of the tripod designs common today. The tripod can then be designed in such a way that either the length of one of the links can be changed in the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm, in which case all links are unchangeable in the parallelogram linkage of the second tripod arm, or it can be changed in the parallelogram linkage of the second Tripod arm one of the handlebars can be changed in length, with all the handlebars then being unchangeable in the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm. In order to achieve the desired change in the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical, it is sufficient if a length-adjustable handlebar is present in one of the parallelogram linkages. Such a tripod is therefore only structurally less complex than a tripod according to the prior art.

In order to be able to hold the support arm in the vertical orientation with every pivoting position in the case of a non-shortened or extended length of the variable-length handlebar, tripods are known in which the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm is constructed from links which form two parallelograms which form a common one Have a handlebar. The parallelogram linkage of the second tripod arm and the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm are then connected to one another via a common pivot point, the common pivot point being located in the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm at the end of the two handlebars common to the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm. One of the links of the parallelogram linkage of the second stand arm that runs through the common pivot point is also a link of the first parallelogram of the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm that runs through the common pivot point. The other of the links of the parallelogram linkage of the second stand arm that runs through the common pivot point is a link of the second parallelogram of the parallel linkage linkage of the first tripod arm that runs through the common pivot point, which is angled at the pivot point. In such an embodiment of the tripod according to the invention, one of the links of the second parallelogram of the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm can be changed in length, the length of the link that can be changed being different from the common link of the first and the second parallelogram of the parallelogram linkage of the first tripod arm is.

In the tripod according to the invention, it is sufficient if the length of the handlebar which can be changed in length can be shortened in order to bring about a change in the orientation of the support arm, since by shortening a handlebar an increase in a suspension attached to the support arm can be realized for the optical observation device and in a shortening of a handlebar a reduction in mechanical stability can be avoided more easily than with an extension of a handlebar.

In order to change the length of the handlebar, which can be changed in length, in particular to shorten the handlebar, which can be changed in length, the stand according to the invention can comprise a spindle drive.

If the orientation of the support arm with the optical observation device attached to it by means of a suspension is changed with respect to the vertical, the torques acting on the stand can also change. In order to be able to compensate for such a change, it is advantageous if the stand comprises a balancing mechanism for compensating for a shift in the center of gravity caused by the change in the orientation of the support arm with the optical observation device attached to it. For this purpose, the balancing mechanism can in particular comprise at least one motor or a displaceable mass, which can be a mass displaceable in the direction of one of the handlebars, for example.

In the method according to the invention for increasing the working distance of an optical observation device, the optical observation device is held by means of a holding device of a tripod, which comprises a support arm for carrying the optical observation device. According to the invention, the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical is changed to increase the working distance. This change in the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical can take place, for example, by means of a motor rotating the suspension about an axis of rotation. If the holding device contains at least one parallelogram linkage composed of links, the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical can alternatively be changed by changing the length of a link of the at least one parallelogram linkage which can be changed in length. The length of the handlebar, which can be changed in order to change the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical, can be realized by lengthening or shortening the length of the handlebar, which can be changed in length. In particular, shortening the length-adjustable handlebar is advantageous, since shortening the handlebar makes it easier to avoid a reduction in mechanical stability compared to an extension of the handlebar. By changing the length of the handlebar, which can be changed in length, the support arm can be rotated about a horizontal axis, which leads to an elevation of an optical observation device, for example, attached to the support arm by means of a suspension.

The change in the orientation of the optical observation device associated with the change in the orientation of the support arm with respect to the vertical can be compensated for by rotating the same about a horizontal axis of the suspension of the optical observation device.

The advantages which can be achieved with the method according to the invention correspond to those which can be achieved with the stand according to the invention and have been described with reference to the stand according to the invention. Reference is therefore made to the corresponding statements regarding the tripod according to the invention.

• 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Stativ für ein Operationsmikroskop, dessen Stativarme sich in einer ersten Schwenkposition befinden.
• 2 zeigt ein Detail des Stativs aus 1.
• 3 zeigt das Stativ aus 1 mit den Stativarmen in einer zweiten Schwenkposition.
• 4 zeigt das Stativ aus 1 mit den Stativarmen in einer dritten Schwenkposition.
• 5 zeigt das Stativ aus 1 mit den Stativarmen in einer vierten Schwenkposition.
• 6 zeigt das Stativ aus 1 bei angehobenen Operationsmikroskop.
• 7 zeigt ein alternatives Stativ für ein Operationsmikroskop.

A person skilled in the art can find detailed explanations of features, properties and advantages of the present invention in the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached figures.

• 1 shows a schematic representation of a tripod for a surgical microscope, the tripod arms are in a first pivot position.
• 2nd shows a detail of the tripod 1 .
• 3rd shows the tripod 1 with the tripod arms in a second swivel position.
• 4th shows the tripod 1 with the tripod arms in a third swivel position.
• 5 shows the tripod 1 with the tripod arms in a fourth swivel position.
• 6 shows the tripod 1 with the surgical microscope raised.
• 7 shows an alternative tripod for a surgical microscope.

A first exemplary embodiment of a tripod according to the invention is described below with reference to FIG 1 to 6 using the example of a tripod on which an operating microscope, which can be designed, for example, as a digital microscope or, preferably, in particular a hybrid microscope, is described. A tripod constructed according to the following detailed description can, however, be used to hang up other reflected light microscopes, for example for hanging up reflected light microscopes that are used in material testing.

That in the 1 to 6 tripod shown comprises a first tripod arm 1 on a pillar of wire 3rd mounted on a tripod base 5 rests. In the present exemplary embodiment, the stand base is 5 with wheels 7 equipped so that the tripod can be moved. An unintentional movement of the tripod can be avoided by means of a brake (not shown). The tripod base 5 can also be designed without wheels if a tripod method is not required or can be implemented by other means. The first tripod arm 1 is about a fulcrum 9 opposite the tripod column 3rd pivotable about a horizontal axis. He is also one by the tripod column 3rd running axis of rotation rotatable. Another pivot point 11 , through which a horizontal axis of rotation runs, is a second stand arm 13 to the first tripod arm 1 articulated. With the second tripod arm 13 is a support arm 15 for an operating microscope 17th rigidly connected. Rigidly connected here means that the support arm 15 opposite the handlebar 31B at least not through the pivot point 33C extending axis or about an axis parallel to this axis relative to the handlebar 31B can be pivoted. The surgical microscope 17th is equipped in the present exemplary embodiment with electronic image sensors which can take microscopic images obtained with two stereoscopic image channels and can transmit them to an external monitor (not shown). In addition, the surgical microscope points 17th eyepieces in the present embodiment 19th through which a user of the surgical microscope 17th , ie a surgeon or his assistant, can view an operating site directly, that is to say optically.

In the in the 1 to 6 tripod shown is the first tripod arm 1 formed as a parallelogram linkage with two parallelograms. The first parallelogram 21 is alone at the pivot 9 stored and has four handlebars 21A to 21D on that at their respective ends via pivot points 11 such as 23A to 23C are rotatably connected to each other about parallel horizontal axes. The handlebars run 21A and 21B as well as the handlebars 21C and 21D each parallel to each other so that the handlebars 21A to 21D in every rotational position of the first stand arm 1 with respect to the horizontal axis of rotation through the pivot point 9 a parallelogram 21 form.

The first tripod arm 1 also includes a second parallelogram 25th , which also consists of four handlebars 21A and 25A until C is formed. The driver 21A of the first parallelogram 21 is also the driver of the second parallelogram 25th , this over the fulcrum 9 towards the handlebar 25A can be twisted. This handlebar 25A is in a fixed orientation with the tripod column 3rd connected so that it in the present embodiment at each pivot position of the stand arm 1 runs horizontally. Parallel to the handlebar 25A runs a handlebar 25C , which is only slightly below the handlebars in the figures for the sake of clarity 21D is drawn in the in the 1 and 3rd shown pivot positions but in the same horizontal plane as the handlebar 21d runs. The driver 25C is with the handlebar 21A parallel handlebars 25B about a fulcrum 29 connected, the handlebar 25B again over the fulcrum 27 with the handlebar 25A connected is. The four handlebars too 21A , 25A to C. form a parallelogram in every rotational position of the first stand arm. The horizontal orientation of the handlebars 25A and 25C however, are not mandatory. The driver 25A can in principle also be arranged in a fixed orientation deviating from the horizontal, in which case also the handlebar 25C runs in the same orientation that deviates from the horizontal.

The second tripod arm 13 is also designed as a parallelogram linkage and therefore also has four handlebars 21D , 25C , 31A and 31B on that about pivot points 33A to C are connected together in such a way that they form a parallelogram 31 form. The driver 21D is both part of the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 as well as the first parallelogram 21 of the first tripod arm 1 . The driver 25C is also the driver of the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 and the second parallelogram 25th of the first tripod arm 1 . This is the handlebar 25C in the present embodiment angled at a right angle, so that the handlebar section 25C ₂ the part of the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 is perpendicular to the section in the present exemplary embodiment 25C ₁ of the second parallelogram 25th of the first tripod arm 1 stands. If the handlebar 25A - and with it the handlebar 25C ₁ - Is arranged in a different orientation from the horizontal, the angle between the handlebars 25C ₁ and the handlebar 25C ₂ from the right angle and has such a value that the handlebar section 25C ₂ is oriented vertically.

In the exemplary embodiment described, the axes of rotation of all pivot points run horizontally and parallel to one another.

Although the second tripod arm 13 in the present embodiment only straight handlebars 21D , 25C ₂ , 31A , 31B is the handlebar 21D in the area of the second stand arm 13 usually cranked so that its middle section is closer to the handlebar 31A approaching like this in 2nd is shown. This increases the headroom for the treating surgeon, so that the second tripod arm has an improved overhead capability 13 is achieved. For the sake of simplicity of illustration, the handlebar is cranked 21D not shown in the remaining figures. In 2nd is beyond also a suspension 16 shown at an attachment point 45 on the support arm 15 is attached and from which the surgical microscope 17th is held. In the present embodiment, the suspension has 16 three degrees of freedom of rotation. The surgical microscope is in accordance with the first degree of rotational freedom 17th around one with the longitudinal axis of the support arm 15 coincident first axis of rotation is rotatable, according to the second degree of rotation is the surgical microscope 17th by one through the attachment point 45 extending, to the longitudinal axis of the support arm 15 vertical second axis of rotation and according to the third degree of rotation is the surgical microscope 17th rotatable about a third axis of rotation perpendicular to both the first axis of rotation and the second axis of rotation. The first and third axes of rotation preferably run through the center of gravity of the surgical microscope 17th .

If the first tripod arm 1 around the horizontal axis of rotation 9 is turned like this in 3rd is shown, the second stand arm shifts 13 in the horizontal direction, with the handlebars 21D remains in the horizontal. At the same time, the handlebar remains 25C ₁ in the present embodiment, forcibly in the horizontal, since the handlebar 25A at the two pivot points 9 , 27 is fixed in a horizontal orientation. However, this means that the right-angled handlebar section 25C ₂ of the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 remains in a vertical orientation, so the angle between the handlebars 21D , 25C ₂ , 31A and 31B stay right angles. As a result, the orientation of the support arm remains 15 of the surgical microscope 17th regardless of the rotational position of the first swivel arm 1 vertical.

If, on the other hand, starting from the position 1 the second tripod arm 13 around the fulcrum 11 the handlebar is raised 21D , 21D panned out of the horizontal, like this in 4th is shown.

At the same time, the second parallelogram provides 25th of the first tripod arm 1 making sure that the handlebars 25C ₁ remains in the horizontal and thus the angled handlebar section 25C ₂ of the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 remains vertically oriented. As a result, the handlebar remains 31B of the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 also oriented vertically, so that even when the second stand arm is raised 13 the support arm 15 with the surgical microscope attached to it 17th remains vertically oriented. The vertical orientation of the support arm 15 remains even if the second tripod arm 13 around the fulcrum 11 raised and the first tripod arm 1 around the fulcrum 19th is panned like this in 5 is shown. In this case too, the second parallelogram provides 25th of the first tripod arm 1 making sure that the handlebar section 25C ₂ remains in the vertical.

Raising the second tripod arm 13 is usually limited by the ceiling of the operating room or another room in which such a tripod is used. The maximum height of the surgical microscope 17th above the surgical site, ie the maximum working distance of the surgical microscope 17th , there is usually a rigid limit due to the ceiling height. In modern surgical microscopes that are equipped with electronic image sensors, however, large working distances are often desired when the surgical microscope is operated in digital mode. However, the desired large working distances cannot always be achieved because the second stand arm 13 would hit the ceiling at the large working distances. In order to be able to increase the working distance of the surgical microscope without the second stand arm 13 needs to be raised further is in the 1 to 6 illustrated embodiment of the handlebars 31A of the parallelogram 32 of the second stand arm 13 designed to be shortenable. This is the handlebar 31A formed in two parts, the two parts running parallel to each other and via a spindle drive 39 can be moved against each other to the handlebar 31A To shorten. The effect of this shortening is in 6 shown.

If the handlebar 31A by means of the spindle drive 39 is shortened, the handlebars move 31A and handlebars 31B so that's the fulcrum 33B in 6 clockwise around the circumference of a circle 41 whose radius is the length of the handlebar 31B corresponds and its center at the pivot point 33C lies, wanders. This hike to the pivot 33C causes the handlebars to turn 31B and thus a change in the orientation of the handlebar 31B rigidly connected support arm 15 , which in turn leads to a hike of the fortification point 45 on which the surgical microscope 17th or the surgical microscope 17th holding suspension 16 on the support arm 15 is attached to a circle 43 leads that like in 6 shown clockwise. This hike of the fortification point 45 leads to the surgical microscope 17th is raised without the second tripod arm 13 is raised. For the orientation of the surgical microscope 17th Holding it vertically may be an additional pivot point in the area of the attachment point 45 to which the surgical microscope 17th can be rotated about a horizontal axis if it is shortened by the handlebar 31A is raised. Typically, a surgical microscope 17th however as in 2nd represented by one on the support arm 15 attached suspension 16 kept the three rotational degrees of freedom for the orientation of the Surgical microscope 17th has a free orientation of the surgical microscope 17th in terms of the surgical site. Bringing the surgical microscope 17th can then be moved vertically by swiveling the surgical microscope 17th with the help of the suspension 16 respectively.

As in 6 the pivot point can be seen 33B the parallelogram of the second stand arm 13 if the handlebars are shortened 31A down so it's after shortening the handlebar 31A is even possible the second tripod arm 13 continue to raise and thus the working distance of the surgical microscope 17th to enlarge still further.

Although with regard to 6 a shortening of the handlebar 31A has been described, there is basically the possibility of the same effect by extending the handlebar 31A to achieve. The support arm 15 would in 6 then be pivoted counterclockwise when lifting instead of clockwise because of the pivot point 33B when the handlebar is extended 31A on the circle 41 would move counterclockwise instead of clockwise. Here is the lifting of the microscope 17th however through the handlebar 21D set a limit by appropriately cranking the handlebars 21D as exemplified in 2nd is shown, but can be enlarged. In addition, it should be pointed out that an increase in the surgical microscope 17th basically also by lengthening or shortening the handlebar section 21D can be reached. This would shift the pivot point 33C around a circle with the center at the pivot 33B to lead. This shift would then cause the handlebars to pivot 31B with the support arm rigidly attached to it 15 to lead. As a result, it would be the surgical microscope 17th be raised.

To in any position of the tripod arms 1 , 13 The handlebars are able to provide a balanced tripod 21B and 21C of the first tripod arm with movable weights 35 respectively. 37 fitted. By moving the weights 35 , 37 can balance the tripod especially with regard to the weight of the support arm 15 worn surgical microscope 17th respectively. The weight of the surgical microscope 17th can depend on its design, for example depending on the number of observation tubes, the pivoting position of the observation tubes, other equipment elements of the surgical microscope, etc. In addition, the weights can be used, one from the change in the orientation of the support arm 15 and the associated relocation of the surgical microscope 15 compensate for the resulting shift in focus.

A second exemplary embodiment of the stand according to the invention is described below with reference to 7 described. This in 7 The tripod shown corresponds to the arrangement of the handlebar, which can be changed in length 25B the with respect to the 1 and 6 tripod described. In contrast to that in the 1 to 6 tripod described is the handlebar changeable in length 25B in the in 7 illustrated embodiment not in the parallelogram 31 of the second stand arm 13 , but in the second parallelogram 25th of the first tripod arm 1 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the handlebar is shortened 25B that the pivot point 29 on a circle with its center at the pivot 11 emotional. This movement causes the arm 25C ₁ is moved out of the horizontal, which in turn leads to the right-angled handlebar section 25C ₂ is turned out of the vertical. As a consequence, the handlebars too 31B - and thus the support arm 15 - Turned out of the vertical, which leads to a change in the orientation of the support arm 15 and, as a result, an increase in the surgical microscope 17th leads without the tripod arm 13 must be raised further, which can be seen from the fact that the orientation of the tripod arm 21D remains unchanged. As in the first embodiment, the length of the handlebar, which can be changed in length, is shortened 25B with the help of a spindle drive 39 .

Also in the case of the second exemplary embodiment, an extension of the handlebar also applies 25B with the help of the spindle drive 39 to raise the surgical microscope 17th leads, with the elevation, however, the surgical microscope 17th not from the second tripod arm 13 leads away, but to the second tripod arm 13 there. Otherwise, this differs with respect to 7 described second embodiment not of that with reference to FIG 1 to 6 described embodiment.

The present invention has been described in detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments for the purpose of explanation. However, a person skilled in the art realizes that he does not have to carry out all the details of the exemplary embodiments described within the scope of the present invention. For example, the handlebar section needs 25C ₂ not at right angles to the handlebar 25C ₁ to get lost. Likewise, it is not necessary for the handlebars 25A is fixed in the horizontal. Instead, it can also have an angle to the horizontal. A specialist also recognizes that the handlebars in the 1 to 7 are only shown schematically to illustrate their function. Those skilled in the art will recognize that some of the handlebars shown may deviate from the straight shape, such as for the handlebars 21 regarding 2nd has been described. But other handlebars can be straight Deviate form, for example if the surgeons should be prevented from getting in, or if there are restrictions in the available space. The first tripod arm is also required, for example 1 not necessarily being in the form of a parallelogram linkage. The driver 21D would be above the pivot point in this case 11 connected with a simple rod as a tripod arm. The present invention is therefore not intended to be limited to variants with all the features of the exemplary embodiments, but rather only through the appended claims.

Reference list

1

first tripod arm

3rd

Support column

5

Tripod base

7

wheel

9

pivot point

11

pivot point

13

second tripod arm

15

Beam

16

suspension

17th

Operative microscope

19th

eyepiece

21

first parallelogram

21A-D

Handlebars

23A-C

Pivot points

25th

second parallelogram

25A-C

Handlebars

27

pivot point

29

pivot point

31

parallelogram

31A, B

Handlebars

33A-C

pivot point

35

Weight

37

Weight

39

Spindle drive

41

circle

43

circle

45

pivot point

47

circle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 4202922 A1 [0004]
• DE 10310459 A1 [0004]
• DE 102004004602 A1 [0004]
• DE 102005031494 A1 [0004, 0005]
• EP 0476551 A1 [0004]
• US 3891301 [0004,0005]
• US 5213293 [0004]
• US 2013/0206934 A1 [0004]
• US 2018/0095234 A1 [0004]
• DE 202005020973 U1 [0004]

Claims (14)

Stand for an optical observation device (17), which comprises a support arm (15) for carrying the optical observation device (17) and at least one holding device (1, 13) to which the support arm (15) is attached, the support arm (15 ) its orientation can be changed with respect to the vertical and the holding device (1, 13) contains at least one parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A-C, 31A, 31B) constructed from handlebars, characterized in that in the case of the parallelogram linkage (21A -D, 25A-C, 31A, 31B) one of the links (25B, 31A) is variable in length and changing the orientation of the support arm (15) with respect to the vertical by changing the length of the length-adjustable link ( 25B, 31A) can be brought about. Tripod after Claim 1 characterized in that the holding device (1, 13) comprises at least a first stand arm (1) which can be pivoted in a vertical plane and a second stand arm (13) which is arranged on the first stand arm (1) and can be pivoted in the vertical plane, the support arm (15 ) is attached to the second stand arm (13) and the first stand arm (1) and / or the second stand arm (13) is or are constructed from links (21A-D, 25A-C, 31A, 31B) which form parallelogram linkages, at least in the case of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first tripod arm (1) or the parallelogram linkage (21D, 25C ₂ , 31A, 31B) of the second tripod arm (13) one of the links (25B, 31A ) its length can be changed. Tripod after Claim 2 , characterized in that in the case of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (13) one of the links (25B) can be changed in length, whereas in the case of the parallelogram linkage (21D, 25C ₂ , 31A, 31B) of the second stand arm (13), all of the handlebars are unchangeable in length. Tripod after Claim 3 , characterized in that - the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1) is constructed from links which form two parallelograms (21, 25) which have a common link (21A), - The parallelogram linkage (21D, 25C ₂ , 31A, 31B) of the second stand arm (13) and the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (13) are connected to one another via a common pivot point (11) , the common pivot point (11) in the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1) at the end of the two parallelograms (21, 25) of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1) common link (21A), - one of the links (21D) of the parallelogram linkage (21D, 25C ₂ , 31A, 31B) of the second stand arm (13) running through the common pivot point also one through the common pivot point (11) extending link (21D) of the first parallelogram (21) of the Parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1) and the other of the link (25C ₂ ) of the parallelogram linkage (21D, 25C ₂ , 31A, 31B) of the parallel pivot point (11) second stand arm (13) is a link (25C ₂ ) of the second parallelogram (25) of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1) which runs through the common pivot point and which is located in the pivot point (11) is angled, and - one of the links (25B) of the second parallelogram (25) of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1) is variable in length, the length-adjustable link (25) is different from the common link (21A) of the first parallelogram (21) and the second parallelogram (25) of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C ₁ ) of the first stand arm (1). Tripod after Claim 2 , characterized in that in the case of the parallelogram linkage (21D, 25C ₂ , 31A, 31B) of the second stand arm (13) one of the links (31A) can be changed in length, whereas in the case of the parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A, 25B, 25C) ₁ ) of the first tripod arm (1) all handlebars are unchangeable in length. Tripod according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the length-adjustable handlebar (25B, 31A) can be shortened in length. Tripod according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the length-adjustable link (25B, 31A) comprises a spindle drive (39) for changing its length. Tripod according to one of the Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that it comprises a balancing mechanism (35, 37) for compensating for a shift in the center of gravity caused by the change in the orientation of the support arm (15) with the optical observation device (17) attached thereto. Tripod after Claim 8 , characterized in that the balancing mechanism comprises at least one displaceable mass (35, 37). Tripod after Claim 9 , characterized in that the displaceable mass is a mass (35, 37) displaceable in the direction of a link (21B, 21C). Method for increasing the working distance of an optical observation device (17), which is held by a holding device (1, 13) of a tripod, which comprises a support arm (15) for carrying the optical observation device (17), characterized in that to enlarge the Working distance the orientation of the support arm (15) is changed with respect to the vertical. Procedure according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the holding device (1, 13) includes at least one parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A-C, 31A, 31B) constructed from handlebars, and a change to change the orientation of the support arm (15) with respect to the vertical the length of a link (25B, 31A) of the at least one parallelogram linkage (21A-D, 25A-C, 31A, 31B) which can be changed in length. Procedure according to Claim 12 , characterized in that changing the length of the length-adjustable handlebar (25B, 31A) to change the orientation of the support arm (15) with respect to the vertical is accomplished by shortening the length-adjustable handlebar (25B, 31A) . Procedure according to one of the Claims 11 . to 13, in which a change in the orientation of the operating arm (15) held by the operating microscope (17) is compensated for by pivoting the operating microscope 17 with the aid of a suspension (16) by means of which the operating microscope (17) is attached to the supporting arm (15) .

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