DE102018121934A1 - Active filter with multiple amplifier paths - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a device for suppressing interference signals from voltage sources, in particular for high-voltage sources in a drive train of an electric vehicle, in particular for push-pull interference and / or common-mode interference. The device comprises a measurement area, an amplifier area and a feed area, the measurement area inductively coupling the input of the amplifier area galvanically isolated by inductive transmitters to at least two supply lines of a voltage source in order to tap a signal, and the feed area isolating the output of the amplifier area electrically Transducer inductively couples to the at least two supply lines of the voltage source in order to feed in a correction signal, the amplifier region having amplifier paths. It is essential that the amplifier area has at least two parallel, preferably independent, amplifier paths, and that the measurement area has only one inductive transmitter per supply line, and that the feed-in area has at least one inductive transmitter per supply line.

Description

The invention relates to an amplifier circuit for suppressing interference signals in voltage sources with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Filter arrangements for suppressing interference signals for drive trains for vehicles are known in practice. Due to the requirements of the frequency response and the prevailing high voltages and high currents, passive components are used almost exclusively in practice, which have large dimensions and are relatively expensive.

Active filter concepts are also known, for example from WO 2003/005578 A1 . However, these filter concepts are used in signal processing or for applications in which lower voltages and / or lower powers predominate.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved, inexpensive and advantageous device for suppressing push-pull and / or common-mode interference signals, which can also be used at high voltages and which requires less space when there is high interference signal suppression. In particular, this device should also be usable for voltage supplies in electric traction drives of vehicles.

This object is achieved with an object according to the features of claim 1.

The solution according to the invention is a device for suppressing interference signals in voltage sources, in particular for high-voltage sources in a drive train of an electric vehicle, in particular for push-pull interference and / or common-mode interference. The device comprises a measurement area, an amplifier area and a feed area, the measurement area inductively coupling the input of the amplifier area galvanically separated by inductive transmitters to at least two supply lines of a voltage source in order to tap a signal, and the feed area isolating the output of the amplifier area galvanically separated by inductive Transducer inductively couples to the at least two supply lines of the voltage source in order to feed in a correction signal, the amplifier region having a plurality of amplifier paths. It is essential that the amplifier area has at least two parallel, preferably independent, amplifier paths, and that the measuring area has only one inductive transmitter per supply line, and that the feed-in area has at least one inductive transmitter per supply line.

Signals from the supply line, in particular from the at least two supply lines, of a voltage source are inductively coupled out via the measuring range and divided into the at least two parallel amplifier paths. After the signals have passed through the amplifier paths, the signals are inductively coupled back into the supply line, preferably into the at least two supply lines, of the voltage source via the feed-in area. The feed-in area combines the signals of the at least two parallel amplifier paths in such a way that high interference signal suppression results, preferably by combining the interference signals or coupling them into the supply line in such a way that they weaken or cancel one another.

The combination of the signals in the infeed area can be carried out by inverting and / or subtracting and / or adding the respective output signals of the at least two parallel amplifier paths. The combination of the signals in the infeed area can also be done by feeding the signals into only one line or a few lines of the supply line. In the case of multi-core, in particular multi-phase power supplies, there is usually a combination or addition of the individual phases or individual lines of the supply line, for example in the connected drive module, so that the signals fed into only one line or a few lines of the supply line are ultimately also combined or added and interference signals can be weakened or wiped out.

The device according to the invention in particular has the effect that both push-pull disturbances and / or common-mode disturbances are suppressed. Preferably, push-pull disturbances and common-mode disturbances can be suppressed at the same time with the device according to the invention. It is particularly advantageous that in the device according to the invention a signal is tapped at only one point per supply line. As a result, it is no longer necessary to tap signals for different faults at several different points in the supply lines.

The correction signal is generated in a manner dependent on the interference signal in the parallel amplifier paths, preferably in mutually independent amplifier paths. In the feed-in area, the correction signal can be fed into the supply lines with the opposite polarity to the interference signal. Both the correction signal of the Push-pull disturbances as well as common-mode disturbances can be fed in together at one point per supply line. Alternatively, it is also possible to feed the correction signal at different points per supply line. However, the signals are preferably tapped only at a single spatial point per supply line. This results in simple assembly of the device according to the invention. Existing systems can also be easily retrofitted.

Advantageously, the device according to the invention can be designed as an active filter device for voltage supplies or power supplies for electric traction drives of vehicles for the suppression of push-pull disturbances and common-mode disturbances.

Galvanic isolation here means that two circuits are separate from each other, i.e. there is no direct galvanic connection via a cable. The circuits are separated by electrically non-conductive coupling elements, in particular inductive transformers. In the case of electrical isolation, the electrical potentials of the two circuits are separated from one another and the circuits are then potential-free from one another. The transmission of current or signals takes place via induction.

It can preferably be provided that the at least two amplifier paths are constructed identically. With symmetrical signal processing, this results in a simple construction and an inexpensive production.

It can be provided that the at least two amplifier paths are each constructed in two stages. That is, each amplifier path has a pre-stage, which is designed as a voltage amplifier and an output stage, which is designed as a current amplifier. Parallel amplifier paths are preferably understood to mean that the inputs of the individual paths are fed from the same measuring range and the outputs of the individual paths act on the same feed region. Parallel, preferably independent amplifier paths are understood to mean in particular that a separate voltage and / or current amplifier is formed for each path.

It can be provided that each amplifier path is formed with a preamplifier and with an output stage controlled by the preamplifier, the input of the amplifier area being the input of the preamplifier and being connected to the measurement area, and the output of the amplifier area being the output of the output stage and is connected to the feed area. The parallel amplifier paths, which are preferably independent of one another, are preferably formed with the same preliminary stage and final stage in terms of circuitry.

In one configuration, the amplifier paths, preferably all amplifier paths, can be constructed as discrete amplifiers; thus each have amplifiers with discrete semiconductors. This enables a short signal runtime with a simple structure. As a result, good frequency behavior and good phase fidelity are achieved.

When suppressing interference signals, it can be assumed in a simplified manner that in a simple model an interference source (transmitter) generates an interference. This interference reaches the interference sink (receiver) via a coupling path and thus influences the receiver. In general, a distinction is made between common mode interference sources and differential mode interference sources. Common mode interference sources drive common mode interference currents, which flow in the same direction in all conductors to the receiver. Push-pull interference sources drive push-pull interference currents that propagate in the same way as the useful signal currents.

The interference current is composed of a symmetrical and an asymmetrical part. With symmetrical interference current, the currents in the lines are in push-pull and are also called push-pull interference or DMN. In the case of asymmetrical interference current, the currents in the lines are in common mode and Ground forms the return conductor. These are called common mode interference or CMN.

Push-pull disturbances, or also called differential mode (DM) noise (DMN) (hereinafter DMN), are generated in the circuit by push-pull interference sources. These push-pull interference sources can have their origin e.g. have in magnetic coupling (or also called inductive coupling) or galvanic coupling in the circuit (lines) or by common-mode / push-pull conversion. Push-pull interference sources are usually arranged in series with the useful signal source. Push-pull interference or DMN can push-pull interference currents e.g. effect in the forward and return conductor of a signal circuit in opposite directions.

Common mode interference, or also called Common Mode (CM) Noise (CMN) (hereinafter CMN), are generated in the circuit by common mode interference sources. These common mode interference sources can have their origin, for example, in capacitive coupling, raising the potential of ground or grounding points or in potential differences between spatially separated ground and ground terminals. Common mode interference sources are usually arranged between a circuit and a reference potential. Common mode interference or CMN can cause common mode interference currents cause, for example, flow in the same direction to the receiver in all conductors of a signal core.
The inductive transmitter is constructed, for example, from two coupled inductors similar to a transformer, the components of the transmitter being specified to ensure good information transmission over the relevant, in particular a relatively broad, frequency range. Preservation of the signal shape is preferably of great importance in the case of a transformer, ie a high linearity with as little distortion as possible is desired in the transformer.

It can be provided that the transmitter has a core of stamped individual sheets, which are insulated from one another by insulating, chemically applied phosphating layers. The insulation drastically reduces eddy currents that would heat the core. It can also be provided that the core consists of a ferrite or a ferromagnetic material or an iron. The core can be designed as a ring core or as a divided ring core. The advantage of a toroidal core is that it forms an airless, closed magnetic circuit. U-cores or E-cores or similar embodiments are also possible.

Alternatively, the transmitter can also be designed as an air transmitter. This means that the transformer has two inductors which are inductively coupled to one another by their spatial proximity. A solid core for coupling the inductors is not necessary in this case.

The inductive coupling of the supply line of the voltage source to the amplifier circuit can also be implemented via a coil which is wound in the area of the line section of the supply line. The coil and the line section of the supply line form the transformer.

Furthermore, by using the transformer with a supply line, simple implementation in existing circuits is possible. An interruption or adjustment of the existing supply line is not necessary.

In particular, an essential point of the inductive transformer is its ohmic resistance in the supply line. In order to keep the losses and the thermal load on the transformer small, the ohmic resistance of the inductive transformer in the supply line of the voltage supply should be as small as possible.

Provision can be made for different interference signals to be fed into the at least two parallel amplifier paths, which are preferably independent of one another, by interconnecting the signals which are read out in the measuring range from a supply line by the inductive transmitter.

It can be provided that either inductively in the inductive transmitter, or by means of corresponding inputs of an operational amplifier or transistor inputs, a subtraction and / or addition of the signals, which are read out in the measuring range from a supply line by the inductive transmitter, and that this is done resulting interference signals are each coupled into an amplifier circuit.

In one embodiment it can be provided that a first amplifier path is only provided for filtering CMN and a second amplifier path is only provided for filtering DMN. For example, it can be provided that the measuring range processes the tapped signals in such a way that CMN is only fed to a first amplifier path and DMN only to a second amplifier path. In order to filter CMN, the measuring range can add the tapped signals from both supply lines and feed them to the second amplifier path. By adding both signals, push-pull interference is canceled out, so that only CMN is routed to the second amplifier path. In order to filter DMN, the measuring range can subtract the tapped signals from both supply lines and route them to the first amplifier path. The subtraction of both signals eliminates common mode interference, so that only DMN is routed to the second amplifier path. Alternatively, the measuring range can only feed the first amplifier path a signal from a supply line in order to filter DMN. The addition or subtraction of the signals can take place in the measuring range, for example, by appropriately connecting the secondary coils of the inductive transmitters, and / or by appropriately using inverting or non-inverting inputs and / or outputs of the respective amplifier path.

When the correction signals of the amplifier paths are fed in, the feed region can be designed in such a way that the signal of the first amplifier path for suppressing DMN is only fed into one supply line and the signal of the second amplifier path for suppressing CMN is fed into both supply lines. As an alternative or in addition, the signal addition or subtraction can also take place in the infeed area by connecting the secondary coils of the transformers accordingly and / or by using inverting and / or non-inverting outputs of the respective amplifier path.

Provision can be made for different correction signals to be fed into the inductive transmitters of the infeed area by interconnecting the correction signals of the at least two parallel, preferably independent amplifier circuits.

It can be provided that the feed area has only one inductive transformer per supply line for each amplifier circuit or has one inductive transformer for each supply line per amplifier path.

It can be provided that the inductive transformer has a ring core and the supply line is led through the ring core, or that one turn is formed per supply line.

In particular, it can be provided that the inductive transmitter has at least two coupled inductors, one inductor being assigned to a primary circuit of the transmitter assigned to the supply line and the second inductor being assigned to the secondary circuit of the transmitter and having at least one secondary circuit coil.

For example, it can be provided that the inductive transformer is designed as a transformer with a primary circuit and a secondary circuit.

The inductance of the primary circuit can in particular be designed as a primary circuit coil.

It can preferably be provided that a line section of the supply line forms the inductance of the primary circuit. This enables a particularly simple assembly, since a line section of the supply line does not have to be interrupted, but rather directly forms the inductance of the primary circuit. For example, the second coil of the transformer can be inductively coupled to this line section, and / or a core of the inductive transformer can be coupled to the line section of the supply line, for example by placing the core on the line section of the supply line.

It can be provided that the core of the inductive transmitter has a core material made of a ferrite or a ferromagnetic material or an iron.

It can advantageously be provided that the transformer or the core of the transformer is designed to be foldable in order to enclose the supply line and to connect it inductively to a line section of the supply line.

For example, it can be provided that the primary circuit and / or secondary circuit of the transformer has one or more turns.
The person skilled in the art can determine the transmission ratio and / or the polarity of the signal transmission via the number of turns.

It can be provided that the inductance of the secondary circuit has a plurality of secondary coils or a secondary coil with a plurality of taps.

It can be provided that the transmitter from the primary circuit to the secondary circuit has a transmission ratio of greater than or equal to 1 to 1 or greater than or equal to 1 to 4, preferably greater than or equal to 1 to 10, most preferably greater than or equal to 1 to 100.

It can be provided that the amplifier path has a signal transit time between input and output which is less than or equal to 50 ns, preferably less than or equal to 20 ns, most preferably less than or equal to 6 ns. This enables good interference suppression both at low frequencies and at high frequencies. For example, interference signals in the range from 1 Hz to 10 MHz, preferably in the range from 10 Hz to 2 MHz, can be effectively suppressed.

In particular, the frequency response and the voltage supply of an amplifier path can be defined in the preliminary stage of an amplifier path. Power amplification or current amplification of the signal of the preliminary stage can take place in the final stage. Preferably without the output stage changing the voltage amplitude or the frequency response significantly.

In one embodiment it can be provided that the preliminary stage of the amplifier path is constructed as a one-stage or two-stage, in particular discrete, amplifier, preferably that the preliminary stage forms a bandpass.

In one configuration, the preliminary stage of an amplifier path can be designed as a push-pull amplifier. This enables very good signal fidelity and a wide frequency response of the voltage amplification.

It can be provided that the base current of the transistors of the pre-stage of the amplifier circuit is stabilized with a transistor via a constant current source, preferably that the constant current source is one Has field effect transistor or MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor). This enables an easy to implement and yet exact definition of the working point of the preliminary stage. By comparing the temperature characteristics of the constant current source with the transistor of the pre-stage, the gain can be kept constant over a wide temperature range.

In particular, it can be provided that the output stage of the amplifier path can be cascaded and the preliminary stage controls a number of cascadable output stages, in particular two cascaded output stages or four cascaded output stages or six cascaded output stages or eight cascaded output stages. In particular, it is possible to optimally control a plurality of coils of the inductive transformer of the feed device.

It can be provided that the preliminary stage and the final stage are formed from discrete semiconductors, preferably from transistors and / or field-effect transistors, preferably that the preliminary stage and the final stage have the same type of semiconductor.

It can be provided that the voltage source has a battery or a rechargeable battery, in particular a traction battery, which supplies an electric motor with electrical energy, preferably a traction motor in a vehicle with electrical energy.

It can be provided that the supply line has a voltage of greater than or equal to 60 V, preferably greater than or equal to 120 V, most preferably greater than or equal to 240 V.

In particular, the supply line is designed to transmit an electrical power greater than 500 W, preferably greater than 1 kW or most preferably greater than 10 kW. In particular, it is provided that the same electrical current flows through the primary coil of the inductive transmitter of the measuring range and / or the primary coil of the inductive transmitter of the supply area as the line of the supply line itself. In particular, the primary coil of the inductive transmitter of the measuring range and / or the primary coil of the inductive transformer is connected in series to a line of the supply line and must be designed for the same electrical power to be transmitted.

For example, the source of the interference can be, in particular, a converter connected to the supply line or a voltage converter or an inverter or a speed controller of an electric drive. Interference signals can, however, also arise in other ways, for example due to interference radiation.

It can be provided that the at least two parallel amplifier paths have a common voltage supply that is derived from the supply line. Preferably, the at least two parallel amplifier paths can have a symmetrical voltage supply that is derived from a positive and a negative supply line, or the at least two parallel amplifier paths can have a voltage supply that is derived from a separate low-voltage source.

The object of the invention is further achieved by an interference suppression module for retrofitting voltage sources, in particular high-voltage sources in a drive train of an electric vehicle, comprising a housing in which a device according to the invention for suppressing interference signals is accommodated.

It can be provided that the interference source has a housing with a construction space for accommodating the amplifier area or the interference suppression module, the amplifier region or the interference suppression module being accommodated in the installation space and being mechanically connected to the housing of the interference source.

The object of the invention is further achieved by a method for suppressing a voltage source which comprises a supply line, an apparatus according to the invention being used and an inductive coupling with the supply lines being produced by means of an inductive transmitter.

In one embodiment it can be provided that the inductive coupling is established by placing the transmitters on the supply lines or by attaching the transmitters to the supply lines or by opening the transmitters and enclosing the supply lines by the subsequently closed transmitters.

In particular, it can be provided that the measuring area and the feed area each have their own inductive transmitters, in particular spatially or electrically separated from one another.

The object is further achieved by a traction drive for a vehicle comprising a traction battery, an electric motor which is supplied with energy from the traction battery via a speed controller and a supply line which connects the speed controller to the traction battery. It is essential that the supply line has a device for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding statements.

The object is further achieved by a method for producing a traction drive with a device for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding embodiments, in that the supply line / s is / are interrupted in a first step and a device in accordance with preceding embodiments is used or by in a first step the two inductive transmitters are looped into the supply line (s) with a device according to the preceding embodiments.

• 1 Erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Störsignalen;
• 2 erstes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Messbereichs 2;
• 3 zweites erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Messbereichs 2 mit zwei Sekundärkreis-Spulen 8 in einem Übertrager 6;
• 4 erstes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstärkerbereichs 3, mit Summier- und Differenzverstärker, und des Einspeisungsbereichs 4;
• 5 zweites erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstärkerbereichs 3, mit Summier- und Differenzverstärker, und des Einspeisungsbereichs 4, mit zwei separaten Übertrager 6 für den ersten Verstärkerpfad 11;
• 6 drittes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstärkerbereichs 3, mit Leitungsverschaltung, und des Einspeisungsbereichs 4, mit nur einem Übertrager für den ersten Verstärkerpfad 11;
• 7 viertes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstärkerbereichs 3, mit Leitungsverschaltung, und des Einspeisungsbereichs 4, mit zwei Übertragern des ersten Verstärkerpfads 11;
• 8 fünftes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel wie 7, mit zwei ersten Verstärkerpfaden 11;
• 9 sechstes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel wie 8, mit nur einem Übertrager 6 je Versorgungsleitung 5 im Einspeisungsbereich 4;
• 10 siebtes erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verstärkerbereichs 3, mit Leitungsverschaltung, und des Einspeisungsbereichs 4, mit nur einem Übertrager 6 je Versorgungsleitung 5 im Einspeisungsbereich 4;
• 11 Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Störsignalen mit Messbereich 2 aus 2 und Verstärkungsbereich 3 und Einspeisungsbereich 4 aus 4;

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the figures and explained below. Show:

• 1 Device according to the invention for suppressing interference signals;
• 2nd first embodiment of the measuring range according to the invention 2nd ;
• 3rd second embodiment of the measuring range according to the invention 2nd with two secondary circuit coils 8th in a transformer 6 ;
• 4th first embodiment of the amplifier area according to the invention 3rd , with summing and differential amplifier, and the infeed area 4th ;
• 5 second embodiment of the amplifier area according to the invention 3rd , with summing and differential amplifier, and the infeed area 4th , with two separate transformers 6 for the first amplifier path 11 ;
• 6 third embodiment of the amplifier area according to the invention 3rd , with wiring, and the infeed area 4th , with only one transformer for the first amplifier path 11 ;
• 7 fourth embodiment of the amplifier area according to the invention 3rd , with wiring, and the infeed area 4th , with two transformers of the first amplifier path 11 ;
• 8th fifth embodiment according to the invention as 7 , with two first amplifier paths 11 ;
• 9 sixth embodiment according to the invention as 8th , with only one transformer 6 per supply line 5 in the infeed area 4th ;
• 10th Seventh embodiment of the amplifier area according to the invention 3rd , with wiring, and the infeed area 4th , with only one transformer 6 per supply line 5 in the infeed area 4th ;
• 11 Embodiment of the device according to the invention for suppressing interference signals with a measuring range 2nd out 2nd and gain area 3rd and infeed area 4th out 4th ;

1 shows an example of a device according to the invention 1 for suppressing interference signals. The device 1 includes a measuring range 2nd , an amplifier area 3rd and a feed area 4th . The output of the measuring range 2nd is via lines to the input of the amplifier area 3rd connected. The output of the amplifier section 3rd is via lines to the entrance of the infeed area 4th connected. The device 1 can preferably be arranged in a drive train of an electric vehicle in order to suppress push-pull and common-mode interference.

As in 1 shown, the measuring range applies 2nd which in the 2nd and 3rd is shown in different versions, from the supply lines 5 a signal and feeds the signal into the input of the amplifier area 3rd on. In the amplifier area 3rd a correction signal is generated from the signal. The infeed area 4th which together with the amplifier area 3rd in the 4th to 10th is shown in different versions, the correction signal feeds into the supply lines 5 on. The coupling of the supply lines 5 with the measuring range 2nd and the infeed area 4th done by inductive transformers 6 which in the 1 are not shown.

The measuring range 2nd and the infeed area 3rd not only two, but any number of supply lines 5 inductive via transformer 6 with the amplifier area 3rd couple.

The transmitter 6 is built, for example, from two coupled inductors similar to a transformer, with the components of the transformer 6 are specified to ensure good information transmission over a relatively broad frequency range.

Like in the 2nd shown, the measuring range 2nd for every supply line 5 only one transformer at a time 6 on. The amplifier area 3rd is by means of the two transmitters 6 with the two supply lines 5 inductively coupled and galvanically isolated from them. For other supply lines 5 (not in the 2nd shown) can be a single further transformer 6 per supply lines 5 in the measuring range 2nd be trained. This applies to all of the following exemplary embodiments.

The transmitters 6 in 2nd are composed of a primary circuit, a secondary circuit and a core 9 , which is made of ferrite or a ferromagnetic material or made of iron. The primary circuit is in the case shown 2nd as a primary circuit coil 7 in the supply lines 5 The beginning of the winding is represented by a white circle in the coils. It is also possible that the primary circuit coil 7 consists only of one winding, or that a line section of the supply line 5 forms the inductance of the primary circuit. The secondary circles are in the case shown 2nd as secondary circuit coils 8th educated. How 2nd shows is the input of the amplifier circuit 3rd with the secondary circuits of the transformers 6 connected.

In the 2nd in the transmitters 2nd The white dots shown, which represent the start of the winding, mean the same winding sense if the dots in the primary circuit and in the secondary circuit are arranged on the same side. Moving a point from left to right then corresponds to an opposite winding sense. This applies to all of the following exemplary embodiments.

The transmitters 6 are over the secondary circuit coil 8th with the amplifier area 3rd connected. As in 2nd shown run for each secondary circuit coil 8th each transmitter 6 two lines each from the measuring range 2nd to the amplifier area 3rd . The lines leading from the measuring range 2nd to amplifier area 3rd pass over into 2nd With A1 to A4 designated. The following are for the exemplary embodiments of the 2nd to 10th for each secondary circuit coil 8th two lines from the measuring range 2nd to the amplifier area 3rd educated. These lines are with the running designation A1 numbered to An, where n is the number of the secondary circuit coil 8th of the measuring range 2nd multiplied by two. These names are also used for the secondary circuit coils 8th in the infeed area 4th used, the current designation here C1 to Cm for all embodiments of the 4th to 10th is maintained, where m is the number of the secondary circuit coil 8th of the infeed area 4th multiplied by 2.

In the 3rd is a further embodiment of the measuring range according to the invention 2nd the device according to the invention 1 shown to suppress interference signals. In contrast to 2nd points the upper transformer 6 the upper supply line 5 two secondary circuit coils 8th in the secondary circuit. Both secondary circuit coils 8th are with the amplifier area 3rd connected. For every supply line 5 is like in 2nd , only one transformer 5 each with a primary circuit with a primary circuit coil 7 intended. The numbering of the lines between the measuring range 2nd and the amplifier area 3rd are for the lower transformer 6 the lower supply line 5 With A1 and A2 labeled. For the lines of the upper transformer 6 the upper supply line 5 is the numbering A3 to A6 , since the upper transformer 6 two secondary circuit coils 8th are trained.

Analogous to 3rd it is also possible to add the lower transformer 5 the lower supply line 5 with two secondary circuit coils 8th train, then numbering A1 to A4 for the lines of the lower transformer 5 the lower supply line 5 and the numbering A5 to A8 for the lines of the upper transformer 5 the upper supply line 5 is provided.

In the 4th is a first embodiment of the amplifier section according to the invention 3rd and the infeed area 4th shown. The lines A1 to A4 which of the measuring range 2nd (Measuring range 2nd in 4th not shown) come in the amplifier area 3rd Connect in such a way that the signals from the transmitter in the measuring range 2nd an addition from the supply lines 13 and a subtraction 14 is carried out. The addition signal becomes a first amplifier path 11 passed and the subtraction signal becomes a second amplifier path 12th to hand over. Any amplifier path 11 and 12th is designed with a preliminary stage and a final stage controlled by the preliminary stage. Parallel, preferably independent amplifier paths are understood to mean that a separate voltage and / or current amplifier is formed for each path.

By adding the signals from the transformers 5 of the measuring range 2nd common-mode interference, which are also called Common Mode (CM) Noise (CMN) (hereinafter CMN), in the first amplifier path 11 fed. The signals can be added via a summing amplifier designed in a known manner 13 can be achieved from operational amplifiers. The first amplifier path 11 generates a corresponding correction signal for the CMN. This correction signal is from the first amplifier path 11 over the lines C1 and C2 to the infeed area 4th , and in the in 4th right transmitter 6 to hand over. This transmitter 6 has a core 9 and a secondary circuit coil on its secondary side 8th on and on the primary side two primary circuit coils 7 , the secondary circuit coil 8th with the lines C1 and C2 interacts and each have a primary circuit coil 7 with one of the supply lines 5 cooperates. For other supply lines 5 (not in the 4th is shown) for each additional supply line 5 another primary circuit coil 7 educated.

By subtracting the signals from the transformers 5 of the measuring range 2nd push-pull disturbances, which are also called differential mode (DM) noise (DMN) (hereinafter DMN), into the second amplifier path 12th fed. The signals can be subtracted using a differential amplifier designed in a known manner 14 can be achieved from operational amplifiers. The second amplifier path 12th generates a corresponding correction signal for the DMN. This correction signal is from the second amplifier path 12th over the lines C3 and C4 to the infeed area 4th , and in the in 4th left transmitter 6 to hand over. This transmitter 6 has a secondary circuit coil on its secondary side 8th on which with the lines C3 and C4 cooperates, and on the primary side a primary circuit coil 7 on which one of the supply lines 5 cooperates. In 4th is for the DMN in the infeed area 4th the transformer with the upper supply line 5 coupled. It is also possible to connect the transformer to the lower supply line 5 to couple. Even with more than two supply lines 5 is only the correction signal for the DMN in a supply line 5 to couple.

In the 5 is a further embodiment of the amplifier range according to the invention 3rd and the infeed area 4th shown. This embodiment of the 5 differs from the embodiment of FIG 4th only in that in the infeed area 4th for the correction signal, which from the first amplifier path 11 to the infeed area 4th through the lines C1 to C4 is handed over for each supply line 5 a separate right transformer 6 is trained. The correction signal from the second amplifier path 12th is over the lines C5 and C6 to the infeed area 4th , and in the in 5 left transmitter 6 to hand over. In this embodiment, more than two supply lines 5 one further right transformer each 6 for each additional supply line 5 be formed, which then also from the first amplifier path 11 is fed with a correction signal.

Analog to the embodiment of 5 it is possible in the infeed area 4th only one transformer at a time 6 per supply line 5 to train. In this case, the correction signal from the first amplifier path 11 and the second amplifier path 12th for the upper transformer 6 the upper supply line 5 by one in the 5 summing amplifier, not shown, between the lines C3 and C5 and a second summing amplifier between the lines C4 and C6 summed up. This means that there is only one transformer 6 per supply line 5 necessary.

In the 6 and 7 are two further embodiments of the amplifier areas of the invention 3rd and the feed areas 4th shown.

The embodiment of the 6 differs from the embodiment of the 4th only in that instead of interconnecting the addition and subtraction in the amplifier area 3rd the signal from the transmitters of the measuring range 2nd for the first amplifier path 11 through the lines A1 and A4 is obtained, the signal of the two transmitters 6 in the two supply lines 5 in the measuring range 2nd (not shown in 6 ) by connecting the lines A2 and A3 is added up. The second amplifier path 12th receives its signal from the lines A1 and A2 or if a measuring range 2nd analogous to 3rd is used from the lines A5 and A6 .

The embodiment of the 7 differs from the embodiment of the 5 or the analogous example described above 5 only in that the amplifier area 3rd and the connection with the measuring range 2nd as in the embodiment of the 6 is trained.

In the 8th and 9 are two further embodiments of the amplifier areas of the invention 3rd and the feed areas 4th shown.

The embodiment of the 8th differs from the embodiment of the 7 only in that two first parallel amplifier paths 11 are formed, which of the lines A1 and A4 a signal from the measuring range 2nd receive. Each of these first amplifier paths 11 generates a correction signal, which in each case via a transmitter 6 into the supply lines 5 is fed.

The embodiment of the 9 differs from the embodiment of the 8th only in that only one transmitter 6 per supply line 5 in the infeed area 4th is trained. The correction signals become one of the first amplifier paths 11 with the correction signals from the second amplifier path 12th added by two summing amplifiers. There will be the correction signals from the lines C3 and C5 as well as from the lines C4 and C6 added and into the top transformer 6 the upper supply line 5 fed.

In the 10th is a further exemplary embodiment of the amplifier area according to the invention 3rd and the infeed area 4th shown. This embodiment can with the measuring range 2nd the 3rd be combined. Two parallel third amplifier paths are formed in the amplifier area. The top third amplifier path 15 generated by a signal from the lines A3 and A2 a correction signal and feeds it into the lower transformer 6 the lower supply line 5 on. As in 10th are shown for the top third amplifier path 15 the lines A4 and A5 such as the lines A6 and A1 connected. The lower third amplifier path 15 reaches a signal through the lines A4 and A2 ab, generates a correction signal and feeds it into the upper transformer 6 the upper supply line 5 on. As in 10th are shown for the lower third amplifier path 15 the lines A3 and A5 as well as the lines A6 and A1 connected.

11 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention 1 for suppressing interference signals. The embodiment of 11 from a measuring range 2nd the 2nd and an amplifier area 3rd and infeed area 4th the 4th together.

Reference list

1

Interference suppression device

2nd

Measuring range

3rd

Amplifier range

4th

Infeed area

5

supply line

6

Transformer

7

Primary circuit coil

8th

Secondary circuit coil

9

core

11

first amplifier path

12th

second amplifier path

13

Summing amplifier

14

Differential amplifier

15

third amplifier path

A1 to An

Lines from the measuring range 2nd to amplifier section 3

C1 to Cm

Lines from the amplifier area 3rd to the infeed area 4th

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• WO 2003/005578 A1 [0003]

Claims (32)

Device (1) for suppressing interference signals at voltage sources, in particular for high-voltage sources in a drive train of an electric vehicle, in particular for suppressing push-pull interference and / or common-mode interference, comprising a measuring range (2), an amplifier range (3) and a feed-in range (4), - whereby the measuring area (2) couples the input of the amplifier area (3) galvanically separated by one or more inductive transmitters (6) to at least two supply lines (5) of a voltage source in order to tap a signal, and - the feeding area (4) the output of the amplifier area (3) galvanically isolated by one or more inductive transmitters (6) with the at least two supply lines (5) of the voltage source in order to feed a correction signal, - the amplifier area (3) having a plurality of amplifier paths (11, 12, 15) characterized in that the reinforcement he area (3) has at least two parallel amplifier paths (11, 12, 15), and that the measuring area (2) has only one inductive transmitter (6) per supply line (5), and that the feed area (4) has at least one inductive transmitter ( 6) per supply line (5). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals Claim 1 , characterized in that the amplifier paths (11, 12, 15) are constructed in two stages and each have a preliminary stage with a voltage amplifier and an output stage with a current amplifier. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals Claim 1 or 2nd , characterized in that each amplifier path (11, 12, 15) is formed with a preamplifier and with an output stage controlled by the preamplifier, the input of the amplifier region (3) being the input of the preamplifier and being connected to the measuring region (2) , and wherein the output of the amplifier section (3) is the output of the output stage and is connected to the feed section (4). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different signals derived from the interference signals tapped from the supply line are connected to the at least two by interconnecting the signals of the inductive transmitters (6) of the measuring range (2) parallel, preferably independent amplifier paths (11, 12, 15) can be fed. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that subtraction and / or addition of the signals of the inductive transmitters (6) of the measuring range (2) in the amplifier range (3) are carried out by operational amplifiers or transistors and that the resulting interference signals are each coupled into an amplifier circuit (11, 12, 15). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by connecting the correction signals of the at least two parallel, preferably independent amplifier circuits (11, 12, 15) different correction signals into the inductive transmitters (6) of the feed area (4) can be fed. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed region (4) has only one inductive transformer per supply line (5) for each amplifier circuit (11, 12, 15). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first amplifier path is provided only for filtering push-pull interference (CMN) and a second amplifier path only for filtering push-pull interference (DMN). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals Claim 8 , characterized in that the feed area is designed such that the correction signal of the first amplifier path to suppress push-pull interference (DMN) is only fed into one supply line and the correction signal of the second amplifier path to suppress push-pull disturbance (CMN) is fed into both supply lines. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inductive transformer (s) (6) have a ferrite core, in particular a ring core or an iron core. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inductive transformer (s) (6) has at least two coupled inductors, one inductor being assigned to a primary circuit of the transformer assigned to the supply line (5) and the second inductance is assigned to the secondary circuit of the transformer and has at least one secondary circuit coil (8). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inductive transformer (s) (6) is designed as transformers with a primary circuit and a secondary circuit. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the Claims 11 or 12th , characterized in that the inductance of the primary circuit is designed as a primary circuit coil (7). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the Claims 11 to 13 , characterized in that the inductance of the primary circuit has a plurality of primary circuit coils (7). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the Claims 11 to 14 , characterized in that a line section of the supply line (5) forms the inductance of the primary circuit. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitter (6) has a core material made of a ferrite or a ferromagnetic material or an iron. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitter (6) is designed to be foldable in order to enclose the supply line (5). Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the Claims 11 to 17th , characterized in that the primary circuit and / or secondary circuit of the transformer has one or more turns. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmitter (6) from the primary circuit to the secondary circuit has a transmission ratio of greater than or equal to 1 to 1 or greater than or equal to 1 to 4, preferably greater than or equal to 1 to 10 , most preferably greater than or equal to 1 in 100. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amplifier path (11, 12, 15) has a signal transit time between input and output which is less than or equal to 40 ns, preferably less than or equal to 20 ns, most preferably less is 6 ns. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preliminary stage of the amplifier path (11, 12, 15) is constructed as a one-stage or two-stage amplifier, preferably that the preliminary stage forms a bandpass. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the final stage of the amplifier path (11, 12, 15) can be cascaded and the preliminary stage controls a number of cascadable final stages, in particular two cascaded final stages or four cascaded final stages or six cascaded Drives amplifiers or eight cascaded amplifiers; that the preliminary stage and the final stage are formed from discrete semiconductors, preferably from transistors and / or field effect transistors, preferably that the preliminary stage and the final stage have the same type of semiconductor. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the voltage source has a battery or a rechargeable battery, in particular a traction battery and supplies an electric motor with electrical energy, preferably supplies an electric motor in a vehicle with electrical energy. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply line (5) has a voltage of greater than or equal to 60 V, preferably greater than or equal to 120 V, most preferably greater than or equal to 240 V. Device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interference source is a converter or a voltage converter or an inverter or a speed controller of an electric drive. Device (1) for Suppression of interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amplifier paths (11, 12, 15) have a voltage supply which is derived from the supply line (5), preferably that the amplifier paths (11, 12, 15) have a symmetrical voltage supply have, which is derived from a positive and a negative supply line (5), or that the amplifier paths (11, 12, 15) have a voltage supply which is derived from a separate low voltage source. Interference suppression module for retrofitting voltage sources, in particular high-voltage sources in a drive train of an electric vehicle, comprising a housing in which a device (1) for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims is accommodated. Interference suppression module after Claim 27 , characterized in that the interference source has a housing with a space for accommodating the amplifier area or the interference suppression module, the amplifier area or the interference suppression module being accommodated in the space and being mechanically connected to the housing of the interference source. Method for suppressing a voltage source, which comprises a supply line, a device (1) according to one of the preceding claims being used and an inductive coupling with the supply lines (5) being established by means of an inductive transmitter (6). Method of suppressing a voltage source Claim 29 , characterized in that the inductive coupling by placing the core (9) of the transmitter (6) on the supply lines (5) or by attaching the transmitters (6) to the supply lines (5) or by opening the transmitters (6) and enclosing them the supply lines (5) are produced by the transformer (6) which is then closed again. Traction drive for a vehicle comprising a traction battery, an electric motor which is supplied with energy from the traction battery via a speed controller and a supply line (5) which connects the speed controller to the traction battery, characterized in that the supply line (5) has a device (1) for Suppression of interference signals according to one of the Claims 1 to 28 having. Method for producing a traction drive with a device for suppressing interference signals according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a first step the supply line (s) (5) is / are interrupted and in a second step a device (1) in the interruption point is used according to an embodiment of the preceding claims, or that in a first step the inductive transmitters (6) are looped into the supply line (s) (5) with a device (1) according to an embodiment of the preceding claims.

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