DE102018100263A1 - Energy conversion system and energy conversion process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (2) and a method for energy conversion, comprising a main mass air flow conveying path having an inlet (11) for ambient air and an outlet (71) for exhaust air, an air mass conveyor (25), at least one primary heat source (4), at least one heating unit (31, 32) and an expansion unit (51). The at least one primary heat source (4) is designed and arranged to supply thermal energy to the heating unit (31, 32), the air mass conveyor (25 ) transports the air mass flow through the main conveying path and the heating unit (31, 32) the air mass flow and so forth that the air mass flow is heated substantially isochoric. From the expansion unit (51) exiting exhaust air is added

Description

The invention relates to a system for energy conversion, comprising a main path for a mass air flow comprising several partial paths with an input for ambient air and an outlet for exhaust air, an air mass conveyor, at least one primary heat source, at least one heating unit and an expansion unit and a method for energy conversion, wherein Air flow through a main conveying path, which comprises a plurality of partial conveying paths, is conveyed from an input for ambient air to an outlet for exhaust air.

Such energy conversion systems have a variety of applications. A typical example is the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy by means of a turbine and a generator. For this purpose, a liquid or gaseous medium is heated by the heat energy. Subsequent expansion of the heated medium in the turbine converts the thermal energy into kinetic energy. Finally, with the kinetic energy of the generator is driven, which converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy.

In such energy conversion processes, the heat energy is not completely converted into kinetic or electrical energy, a portion of the thermal energy used is lost to the environment. The proportion of thermal energy converted into kinetic energy or electrical energy is indicated by the efficiency.

The invention has for its object to provide a system and a method for energy conversion, in which the heat energy of a primary heat source is converted under a high efficiency.

• - ein erster Teilförderweg vom Eingang des Hauptförderwegs zu einem ersten Eingang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung führt,
• - ein zweiter Teilförderweg durch einen ersten Teil der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung vom ersten Eingang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung zu einem ersten Ausgang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung führt,
• - ein dritter Teilförderweg vom ersten Ausgang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung durch die wenigstens eine Erhitzungseinheit zu einem zweiten Eingang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung führt, wobei die Erhitzungseinheit dazu ausgebildet ist, den Luftmassenstrom zu erwärmen,
• - ein vierter Teilförderweg durch einen zweiten Teil der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung vom zweiten Eingang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung zu einem zweiten Ausgang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung führt,
• - ein fünfter Teilförderweg vom zweiten Ausgang der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung durch die Expansionseinheit führt, wobei die Expansionseinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, Energie, die durch Expansion des erwärmten Luftmassenstroms frei wird, in kinetische Energie umzuwandeln und einem Verbraucher zuzuführen,
• - ein sechster Teilförderweg von einem Ausgang der Expansionseinheit zur wenigstens einen Erhitzungseinheit führt, und
• - ein siebter Teilförderweg in oder an der Erhitzungseinheit mit dem dritten Teilförderweg zum Ausgang für Abluft führt, wobei der siebte Teilförderweg so an den dritten Teilförderweg angenähert ist, dass restliche Wärme des im siebten Teilförderweg geführten Luftmassenstroms wenigstens teilweise an den im dritten Teilförderweg geführten Luftmassenstrom abgegeben wird,

wobei die wenigstens eine primäre Wärmequelle ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, die Erhitzungseinheit mit Wärmeenergie zu versorgen, wobei die Luftmassenfördereinrichtung wenigstens zwei den Luftmassenstrom fördernde bewegliche Trennmittel aufweist, die den zweiten Teilförderweg und den vierten Teilförderweg durchlaufen und ein Teilvolumen des Luftmassenstroms im zweiten, dritten und vierten Teilförderweg zwischen sich einschließen, so dass das Teilvolumen im Wesentlichen konstant bleibt.This object is achieved by a system for energy conversion, comprising a main conveying path for a mass air flow comprising a plurality of partial conveying paths with an input for ambient air and an outlet for exhaust air, an air mass conveyor, at least one primary heat source, at least one heating unit and an expansion unit

• a first partial conveying path leads from the entrance of the main conveying path to a first inlet of the air mass conveying device,
• a second partial conveying path through a first part of the air mass conveying device leads from the first inlet of the air mass conveying device to a first outlet of the air mass conveying device,
• a third partial conveying path leads from the first outlet of the air mass conveying device through the at least one heating unit to a second inlet of the air mass conveying device, wherein the heating unit is designed to heat the air mass flow,
• a fourth partial conveying path through a second part of the air mass conveying device leads from the second inlet of the air mass conveying device to a second outlet of the air mass conveying device,
• a fifth partial conveying path leads from the second outlet of the air mass conveying device through the expansion unit, wherein the expansion unit is set up to convert energy, which is released by expansion of the heated air mass flow, into kinetic energy and feed it to a consumer,
• a sixth partial conveying path leads from an exit of the expansion unit to the at least one heating unit, and
• - A seventh Teilförderweg in or on the heating unit with the third Teilförderweg leads to the exit for exhaust air, wherein the seventh Teilförderweg is approximated to the third Teilförderweg that residual heat of the guided in the seventh Teilförderweg air mass flow at least partially delivered to the guided in the third Teilförderweg air mass flow becomes,

wherein the at least one primary heat source is arranged and arranged to supply the heating unit with thermal energy, wherein the air mass conveying means comprises at least two air mass flow conveying movable separating means passing through the second part conveying path and the fourth part conveying path and a partial volume of the air mass flow in the second, third and fourth Include partial conveying path between them, so that the partial volume remains substantially constant.

The expansion unit is, for example, a turbine and the consumer, for example, a generator. The heating unit, in or at which the seventh Teilförderweg is approximated to the third Teilförderweg is formed as a heat exchanger.

The air mass conveying device is driven by a motor and conveys the air mass flow from the first Teilförderweg through the second Teilförderweg in the third Teilförderweg and the third Teilförderweg through the fourth Teilförderweg to the fifth Teilförderweg. The second partial conveying path is in the first part of the air mass conveying device and the fourth partial conveying path in the second part of the air mass conveying device arranged. With a suitable configuration of a consumer on the expansion unit, for example an electric generator, and use of an electric motor for driving the air mass conveyor, a part of the current generated by the generator can be used to energize the motor.

Between the separating means of the air mass conveyor chambers are included, in which the conveyed air mass flow is transported. The separating means move cyclically through the first part and the second part of the air mass conveying device and thus promote the air from the first input to the first output and from the second input to the second output. By means of the separating means and the chambers enclosed between the separating means, the air mass flow is added in portions to the third partial conveying path.

The sub-volume, which includes the air in the third Teilförderweg and the air in the connected to the third Teilförderweg via the first output and the second input chambers, remains substantially constant. This is achieved, inter alia, by the fact that the portion of air supplied and discharged in portions to the third partial conveying path is significantly smaller than the volume of air in the third partial conveying path. Thus, the heating of the air in the heating unit or units in the third partial conveying path is substantially isochoric. For the purposes of this patent application, the term "substantially isochoric" is understood to mean that the heated air volume changes only insignificantly during the heating process, and that the air pressure rises primarily as the air is heated. The variable volume is the volume of the inlet and outlet in the second and fourth Teilförderweg, while the volume in the third Teilförderweg is constant as a volume of construction. This cyclic volume fluctuation, also referred to as isochronous leveling, depends on the ratio of the variable volume of the inlet and outlet to the constant volume of construction. Typical values for this ratio are preferably 1:10 or less, preferably 1:20 or less.

Advantageously, higher is achieved by the isochoric or substantially isochoric heating of the air, as if the volume of air is not limited during heating and therefore can expand indefinitely. The latter is the case for example in a system in which the air without inventive air mass conveyor is passed through a heating unit.

In addition, in the system according to the invention advantageously the residual heat of the exhaust air is used to heat the air in the heating unit. In the context of the invention, exhaust air is understood as meaning the air mass flow which exits from the expansion unit, is passed through the sixth and seventh partial conveying paths and finally exits the outlet for exhaust air. To heat the air mass flow in the third part of the delivery path so both the heat energy of the primary heat source and the residual heat of the exhaust air is used. In this way, an increased efficiency of the system for energy conversion is achieved.

After the exhaust air has given off its residual heat in the seventh Teilförderweg at least partially to the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg, it is passed in the seventh Teilförderweg to the exit for exhaust air.

Advantageously, only air is used as the energy-carrying medium in the system. The addition of a fuel is not required. It is sufficient if, in addition to the ambient air, the heat energy of the primary heat source and kinetic energy to drive the movable separating agent is provided by a motor, wherein for driving the movable separating means and a part of the energy generated from the expansion unit or the consumer can be used , Further advantageous no harmful combustion products are released by the system for energy conversion, since only the exhaust air is discharged as an end product to the environment.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the air mass conveying device comprises at least three movable separating means which promote the air mass flow, wherein the separating means are rotatable about a central axis of rotation.

In this embodiment, the separating means are preferably arranged between an inner and an outer cylindrical body and rotate about a common axis of rotation. Between the separating means, the chambers of the air mass conveyor are included.

In the first part of the air mass conveying device, the first input and the first output and in the second part of the second input and the second output is arranged. The inputs and outputs are each preferably formed as recesses in the outer cylindrical body. Due to the rotation of the separating means, the air in the chambers is transported from the first input to the first output and from the second input to the second output.

Advantageously, by using at least three separating means, which rotate about a common axis of rotation, it is achieved that the air mass flow is conveyed through the main conveying path and At the same time, the contiguous partial volume in the second, third and fourth partial conveying paths is kept substantially constant.

Preferably, in the air mass conveying device, the second part conveying path is separated from the fourth part conveying path by a first separator and a second separator, wherein the first separator and the second separator are configured to open upon passage of the movable separating means.

The first part of the air mass conveyor is thus separated from the second part by the separators. The first separator is arranged between the first output and the second input and the second separator between the second output and the first input.

The separators prevent the air mass flow from being conveyed from the second partial conveying path into the fourth partial conveying path or vice versa, ie directly from the first outlet to the second inlet or directly from the second outlet to the first inlet. In other words, the separators prevent a mixing of the ambient air in the second Teilförderweg with the heated air mass flow in the fourth Teilförderweg.

So that the separators do not collide with the movable separating means, the separators are arranged to open just before the passage of the release agent and to close again after the passage. Due to the short-term opening, only a slight loss of efficiency arises, which can be limited by suitable rapid control and movement of the separators.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the first separator and the second separator are adapted to be displaced radially outwards or inwards with respect to the central axis of rotation of the movable separating means, in particular by means of electromagnetic force.

In this embodiment, the separating means preferably move on a circular path, so that a passage for the separating means is opened by a movement of the separators in the radial direction. By opening and closing the separators by means of electromagnetic force, this process can be performed quickly and accurately. Alternatively, a mechanical force is provided for this purpose, for example by means of a link in which run one or more drivers, in particular roll.

According to one embodiment, the primary heat source is designed as a solar unit, which is set up to convert energy from solar radiation into thermal energy. Advantageously, a system for converting thermal energy into kinetic or electrical energy is provided in this way, in which a renewable energy source is used to heat the air mass flow. In alternative embodiments, the primary heat source is other sources of thermal energy, such as combustion processes.

According to a preferred embodiment, the third partial conveying path in the direction of the air mass flow initially passes through a first heating unit and then through a second heating unit, wherein in or on the first heating unit, the residual heat of the air mass flow carried in the seventh Teilförderweg at least partially delivered to the guided in the third Teilförderweg air mass flow and wherein the second heating unit is adapted to be supplied with thermal energy from the primary heat source.

In this embodiment, the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg is first preheated by the residual heat of the exhaust air and then further heated by the heat energy of the primary heat source. It is the fact that the residual heat of the exhaust air, the air mass flow in the third part of the delivery is not readily heated beyond the temperature of the exhaust air out. With the residual heat of the exhaust air so preferably the still cold ambient air is preheated. Thus, for the heating of the preheated air in the second heating unit, less heat energy must be expended than if the ambient air were not preheated, and the efficiency is increased.

In an alternative, likewise preferred embodiment, the sixth part-conveying path comprises an exhaust-air heater which is set up to heat the air mass flow in the sixth part-conveying path by supplying heat energy from the primary heat source and / or a secondary heat source.

According to this embodiment, the heat energy of the heat source is not supplied directly to the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg, but used for heating the exhaust air. Preferably, a single heating unit is used, which is designed as a heat exchanger. Since the exhaust air after leaving the expansion unit is warmer than the ambient air, less energy must be expended to heat the exhaust air to a desired temperature, as would be the case in the cold ambient air.

Alternatively, in the embodiment with two heating units, the exhaust air in addition be heated by thermal energy of the primary energy source or a secondary energy source.

Further preferably, an ambient air heater is provided, which is adapted to heat supplied by a separate input ambient air by supplying the heat energy of the primary heat source or the secondary heat source, the ambient air heater connected by a feed line to the sixth Teilförderweg and / or the seventh Teilförderweg is.

Especially when starting the system, the exhaust air will have comparatively little residual heat. In this case, it makes sense to first use the heat energy of hot air that has been heated in an ambient air heater for heating the air mass flow in the third part of the delivery path. The heating of ambient air in the ambient air heater is done by thermal energy of the primary or secondary heat source. The hot air is supplied to the sixth Teilförderweg or the seventh Teilförderweg to heat the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg by heat exchange.

In a preferred embodiment, check valves are arranged in the sixth partial conveying path on both sides of the exhaust air heater and in the supply line. By the check valves, the supply of hot air and / or heated exhaust air can be locked in the seventh Teilförderweg. Advantageously, the check valves are switched so that the system when starting only hot air and in later operation only heated exhaust air is supplied. In addition, it is ensured by the check valves on both sides of the exhaust air heater that the exhaust air can be heated to a desired temperature before it is fed to the seventh Teilförderweg.

• - Zuführen eines Luftmassenstroms zu einer Luftmassenfördereinrichtung in einem ersten Teilförderweg,
• - Transportieren des Luftmassenstroms in einem zweiten Teilförderweg mittels der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung zu wenigstens einer Erhitzungseinheit,

• - im Wesentlichen isochores Erhitzen des Luftmassenstroms in einem dritten Teilförderweg mittels der wenigstens einen Erhitzungseinheit durch Zuführen von Wärmeenergie einer primären Wärmequelle,
• - Weiterleiten des Luftmassenstroms in einem vierten Teilförderweg mittels der Luftmassenfördereinrichtung zu einer Expansionseinheit,
• - Expandieren des Luftmassenstrom in einem in der Expansionseinheit angeordneten fünften Teilförderweg, wobei frei werdende Energie einem Verbraucher zugeführt wird,
• - Rückführen des aus der Expansionseinheit austretendem Luftmassenstroms zu der wenigstens einen Erhitzungseinheit in einem sechsten Teilförderweg und
• - Annähern des rückgeführten Luftmassenstroms in einem in oder an der Erhitzungseinheit verlaufenden siebten Förderweg an den Luftmassenstrom im dritten Förderweg, wodurch die restliche Wärme des rückgeführten Luftmassenstroms wenigstens teilweise an den Luftmassenstrom im dritten Teilförderweg abgegeben wird.

Furthermore, the object is achieved by a method for energy conversion, wherein an air flow through a main conveying path, which comprises a plurality of partial conveying paths, is conveyed from an input for ambient air to an outlet for exhaust air, with the following method steps:

• Feeding an air mass flow to an air mass conveying device in a first part conveying path,
• Transporting the air mass flow in a second partial conveying path by means of the air mass conveying device to at least one heating unit,

• substantially isochoric heating of the air mass flow in a third partial conveying path by means of the at least one heating unit by supplying heat energy of a primary heat source,
• - Forwarding the air mass flow in a fourth Teilförderweg means of the air mass conveyor to an expansion unit,
• Expanding the air mass flow in a fifth part-conveying path arranged in the expansion unit, wherein released energy is supplied to a consumer,
• - Returning the air mass flow exiting the expansion unit to the at least one heating unit in a sixth Teilförderweg and
• - Approaching the recirculated air mass flow in a running in or on the heating unit seventh conveying path to the air mass flow in the third conveying path, whereby the residual heat of the recirculated air mass flow is at least partially released to the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg.

In an advantageous development, a partial volume of the air mass flow in the second, third and fourth partial conveying paths is kept substantially constant by supplying and discharging air by means of at least three movable separating means of the air mass conveying device.

According to one embodiment of the method, the air mass flow in the third partial conveying path is first heated in a first heating unit by residual heat of the recirculated air mass flow in the seventh Teilförderweg and then in a second heating unit by supplying the heat energy of the primary heat source.

In an alternative embodiment of the method, the recirculated air mass flow in the sixth part-conveying path is heated by heat energy of the primary heat source and / or a secondary heat source. Preference is given to heating the air mass flow, in particular temporarily, by heat exchange with hot air, which is introduced into the sixth Teilförderweg or the seventh Teilförderweg, wherein the hot air is heated before being introduced by thermal energy of the primary heat source or the secondary heat source. Further preferably, the heating of the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg at a first time exclusively by heat exchange with the hot air and at a second time then exclusively by heat exchange with the recycled air mass flow, wherein in particular the first time is before the second time.

The method has the same advantages, features and properties as the inventive system for energy conversion.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments according to the invention together with the claims and the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the invention may satisfy individual features or a combination of several features.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Systems zur Energieumwandlung mit zwei Erhitzungseinheiten,
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Systems zur Energieumwandlung mit einem Ablufterhitzer und einem Umgebungslufterhitzer,
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer Luftmassenfördereinrichtung.

The invention will be described below without limiting the general inventive idea by means of embodiments with reference to the drawings, reference being expressly made to the drawings with respect to all in the text unspecified details of the invention. Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a system for energy conversion with two heating units,
• 2 a schematic representation of a system for energy conversion with an exhaust air heater and an ambient air heater,
• 3 a schematic representation of an air mass conveyor.

In the drawings, the same or similar elements and / or parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that apart from a new idea each.

1 schematically shows a representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention 2 for energy conversion. The system 2 comprises a first heating unit 31 and a second heating unit 32 for heating ambient air. In an expansion unit 51 which is, for example, a turbine, the heated air is expanded and the heat energy of the heated air is converted into kinetic energy. This kinetic energy becomes a consumer 52 , which is for example a generator supplied. For the supply and removal of air, the system comprises an air mass conveyor 25 ,

The air mass flow is directed in the system in a main conveyor path comprising a plurality of partial conveying paths. In the first partial funding path 10 Air gets through an entrance 11 for ambient air to a second Teilförderweg 20 passed through a first part of the air mass conveyor 25 runs. The air mass conveyor 25 promotes the air mass flow in the direction of the third partial conveying path 30 passing through the first heating unit 31 and the second heating unit 32 runs.

In this embodiment, the first heating unit 31 as a heat exchanger and the second heating unit 32 to use the heat energy of a primary energy source 4 , in this example, a solar unit formed. The air mass flow in the third partial conveying path is first in the first heating unit 31 preheated by residual heat of the exhaust air and then through the second heating unit 32 in which a further heating of the air mass flow by the heat energy of the primary energy source 4 takes place. In the air mass conveyor 25 becomes the third partial funding route 30 supplied and discharged air portioned. The volume of the thus portioned air within the air mass conveyor 25 is significantly smaller than the volume in the third Teilförderweg 30 , As a result, the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg 30 essentially isochoric heated, which leads to an increase in the efficiency. The utilization of the residual heat of the exhaust air further increases the efficiency.

Starting from the third partial funding path 30 is the air mass flow by means of the air mass conveyor 25 through a fourth partial conveying route 40 promoted in a second part of the air mass conveyor 25 runs. From there, the air mass flow in a fifth Teilförderweg 50 passed through the expansion unit 51 runs. In the expansion unit 51 the heated air is expanded and the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg 30 supplied heat energy converted into kinetic energy and the consumer 52 fed. The sixth partial funding route 60 extends from the exit of the expansion unit 51 to the first heating unit 31 and guides the first heating unit 31 from the expansion unit 51 exiting exhaust air too.

The seventh partial funding route 70 runs in or on the first heating unit 31 and finally flows in the exit 71 for exhaust air. In the heating unit 31 is the seventh partial funding route 70 so the third part of the way 30 Approximated that the residual heat of the exhaust air at least partially the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg 30 is supplied, so that heating of the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg 30 takes place without an exchange of air between the third and seventh Teilförderweg takes place.

In 2 is an alternative embodiment of the system according to the invention 2 shown schematically, which is essentially the in 1 shown embodiment, but only a single heating unit 31 is provided, which is designed as a heat exchanger. In addition, is in the sixth Teilförderweg 60 an exhaust air heater 61 arranged, which the exhaust air in the Teilförderweg 60 by thermal energy of a primary heat source 4 , in this example a combustion process, heats up. On both sides of the exhaust air heater are check valves 63a . 63b arranged, through which the supply of exhaust air into the exhaust air heater 61 and the supply of heated Exhaust air in the first heating unit 31 can be controlled.

When the system is started, there is still no heated exhaust air available to the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg 30 to warm up. In order nevertheless to achieve a sufficient heating of the air mass flow, the system comprises 2 in addition an ambient air heater 62 , This is through an entrance 67 Supplied ambient air and by means of the heat energy of a secondary energy source 5 heated. Through the supply line 64 The hot air heated in this way becomes the sixth partial conveying path 60 or directly to the seventh partial funding route 70 fed. Through the check valve 63d becomes the supply of hot air to the first heating unit 31 regulated.

In the method for energy conversion according to 2 is first ambient air in the ambient air heater 62 heated. At the start of the process, ambient air is introduced through the inlet 11 initiated into the main funding path. At the same time the check valve 63d open, allowing the hot air in the seventh part of the delivery 70 passes and there the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg 30 can heat up.

The check valves 63a and 63b are closed in this state and the check valve 63c open, leaving the expansion unit 51 escaping exhaust air from the outlet 68 is derived. To increase the efficiency of this process, the check valve 63c closed and the check valve 63a opened so that the exhaust air into the exhaust air heater 61 is initiated. After the exhaust air has been heated sufficiently there, also the check valve 63b opened and the check valve 63d closed. The air mass flow in the third partial conveying path 30 is heated in this state solely by the heated exhaust air. The ambient air heater 62 can be turned off in this state.

As already stated above, the substantially isochronous heating of the air mass flow in the third partial conveying path is achieved in that the supply and discharge of air cyclically through the air mass conveyor 25 takes place in small, portioned air volumes. 3 schematically shows a cross section through an exemplary air mass conveyor 25 which is essentially composed of two concentric cylindrical bodies enclosing a partial volume between them. In this partial volume, the release agents rotate 26a . 26b . 26c around a common axis of rotation 29 , driven by a motor, not shown. Between the release agents are the chambers 27a . 27b . 27c locked in.

The air mass conveyor 25 has a first input in the outer cylindrical or hollow cylindrical body 21 , in the first partial funding route 10 opens, a first exit 22 , the third partial funding route 30 leads, a second entrance 41 , in which the third Teilförderweg opens, and a second exit 42 , the fifth part of the way 50 leads, on. From the first entrance 21 to the first exit 22 extends the second Teilförderweg shown as an arrow 20 and from the second entrance 41 to the second exit 42 the fourth Teilförderweg also shown as an arrow 40 , The second Teilförderweg runs through a first part 23 the air mass conveyor 25 and the fourth partial funding route 40 passes through a second part 24 the air mass conveyor 25 , By the rotation of the release agent 26a . 26b . 26c the air is in the direction shown by the arrows along the second and fourth Teilförderweg 20 . 40 promoted.

To prevent air from the second partial conveying path 20 in the fourth partial funding path 40 and vice versa, are two separators 28a and 28b intended. These separators 28a and 28b prevent the cold ambient air in the second Teilförderweg 20 and the heated air in the fourth Teilförderweg 40 mix. So the release agent 26a . 26b . 26c not on their circulation with the separators 28a and 28b collide, become the separators 28a . 28b just before the passage of the release agent 26a . 26b . 26c For example, moved by means of electromagnetic force radially outward and closed again shortly after the passage. In 3 this is exemplary for the separator 28b shown just before the passage of the release agent 26c opens. Opening and closing the separators 28a and 28b happens so fast that a mixing of the air in the second part conveyor section 20 and the fourth sub-conveying section 40 is largely avoided.

As in 3 at least in part, corresponds at most times to the partial volume caused by the release agent 26a . 26b . 26c is limited, the sum of the air volume of the third Teilförderwegs 30 and the volume of a single chamber 27a . 27b . 27c , in this case the chamber 27b , To the in 3 shown time is the chamber 27b through the separator 28a divided into two parts, so that they partially ambient air along the second Teilförderwegs 20 and partially heated air along the fourth Teilförderwegs 40 transported. Move the release agent 26a . 26b . 26c along the direction of the arrow, the volume of the chamber is reduced 27b in the second partial funding path 20 to the same extent as the volume of the chamber 27b in the fourth partial funding path 40 elevated. The partial volume remains constant. This only changes momentarily when there is a release agent 26a . 26b . 26c between the first exit 22 and the second entrance 41 located. At this time, the heatable partial volume is briefly increased. However, since this point in time is only short and the increase in the heatable partial volume is comparatively small, this only leads to an insignificant decrease in the efficiency.

Through the air mass conveyor 25 Thus, it is achieved that the heatable part volume remains constant most of the time and changes only briefly and negligibly. As a result, the heating takes place in the third Teilförderweg 30 essentially isochoric.

All mentioned features, including the drawings alone to be taken as well as individual features that are disclosed in combination with other features are considered alone and in combination as essential to the invention. Embodiments of the invention may be accomplished by individual features or a combination of several features. In the context of the invention, features which are identified by "particular" or "preferably" are to be understood as optional features.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

system

4

primary heat source

5

secondary heat source

10

first partial funding route

11

entrance

20

second partial funding route

21

first entrance

22

first exit

23

first exit

24

first exit

25

Air mass conveyor

26a, 26b, 26c

release agent

27a, 27b, 27c

chamber

28a

first separator

28b

second separator

29

axis of rotation

30

third partial funding route

31

first heating unit

32

second heating unit

40

fourth partial funding route

41

second entrance

42

second exit

50

fifth partial funding route

51

expansion unit

52

consumer

60

sixth partial funding route

61

plume abatement

62

Umgebungslufterhitzer

63a, 63b, 63c, 63d

check valve

64

supply

67

entrance

68

exit

70

seventh partial funding route

71

exit

Claims (15)

A system (2) for energy conversion, comprising a main mass air flow conveying path comprising an inlet (11) for ambient air and an outlet (71) for exhaust air, an air mass conveyor (25), at least one primary heat source (4), at least one heating unit (31, 32) and an expansion unit (51), wherein - a first Teilförderweg (10) from the input (11) of the main conveying path to a first input (21) of the air mass conveyor (25), - a second Teilförderweg (25) by a first part (23) of the air mass conveying device leads from the first inlet (21) of the air mass conveying device (25) to a first outlet (22) of the air mass conveying device (25), - a third part conveying path (30) from the first outlet (22) of the air mass conveying device (25) by the at least one heating unit (31, 32) leads to a second input (41) of the air mass conveyor (25), the heating unit - a fourth Teilförderweg (40) through a second part (24) of the air mass conveyor (25) from the second input (41) of the air mass conveyor to a second output (42) Luftmassenfördereinrichtung (25) leads, - a fifth Teilförderweg (50) from the second output (42) of the air mass conveyor (25) through the Expansion unit (51), wherein the expansion unit (51) is adapted to convert energy, which is released by expansion of the heated air mass flow, into kinetic energy and supply to a consumer (52), - a sixth Teilförderweg (60) from an output of Expansion unit (51) leads to at least one heating unit (31), and - a seventh partial conveying path (70) in or on the heating unit (31) leads to the third partial conveying path (30) to the outlet (71) for exhaust air, the seventh partial conveying path ( 70) is approximated to the third Teilförderweg (30) that residual heat of the seventh Teilförderweg (70) guided air mass flow is at least partially delivered to the third Teilförderweg (30) guided mass air flow, wherein the at least one primary heat source (4) and arranged to supply the heating unit (31, 32) with thermal energy, wherein the air mass conveyor (25) at least two the air mass flow conveying movable separating means (26a, 26b, 26c) passing through the second Teilförderweg (20) and the fourth Teilförderweg (40) and a partial volume of the air mass flow in the second, third and fourth Teilförderweg (20, 30, 40) between them so that the sub-volume remains substantially constant. System (2) for energy conversion to Claim 1 , characterized in that the air mass conveying device (25) comprises at least three air mass flow promoting movable separating means (26a, 26b, 26c), wherein the separating means (26a, 26b, 26c) about a central axis of rotation (29) are rotatable. System (2) for energy conversion to Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that in the air mass conveying device (25) the second part conveying path (20) is separated from the fourth part conveying path (40) by a first separator (28a) and a second separator (28b), the first separator (28a) and the second separators (28b) are adapted to open upon passage of the movable separating means (26a, 26b, 26c). System (2) for energy conversion to Claim 3 characterized in that the first separator (28a) and the second separator (28b) are adapted to be displaced radially outward or inward relative to a central axis of rotation (29) of the movable separating means (26a, 26b, 26c), in particular by means of electromagnetic force. System (2) for energy conversion according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the primary heat source (4) is designed as a solar unit, which is adapted to convert energy from solar radiation into heat energy. System (2) for energy conversion according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the third Teilförderweg (30) in the direction of the air mass flow first through a first heating unit (31) and then through a second heating unit (32), wherein in or on the first heating unit (31) the remaining heat of the seventh Partial delivery (70) guided air mass flow is at least partially delivered to the in the third Teilförderweg (30) guided mass air flow and wherein the second heating unit (32) is adapted to be supplied by the primary heat source (4) with thermal energy. System (2) for energy conversion according to one of Claims 1 to 5 characterized in that in the sixth part-conveying path (60) an exhaust air heater (61) is arranged, which is adapted to the air mass flow in the sixth Teilförderweg (60) by supplying heat energy of the primary heat source (4) and / or a secondary heat source ( 5) to heat. System (2) for energy conversion to Claim 7 characterized in that it comprises an ambient air heater (62) arranged to heat ambient air by supplying the heat energy of the primary heat source (4) or the secondary heat source (5), the ambient air heater (62) being connected by a feed line (64) ) is connected to the sixth Teilförderweg (60) and / or the seventh Teilförderweg (70). System (2) for energy conversion to Claim 8 , characterized in that in the sixth Teilförderweg (60) on both sides of the exhaust air heater (61) and in the supply line (64) check valves (63a, 63b, 63c) are arranged. A method of converting energy, wherein an air flow is conveyed from an ambient air inlet (11) to a waste air outlet (71) through a main conveyor path comprising a plurality of partial conveying paths, comprising the steps of: - supplying a mass air flow to an air mass conveyor (25) in a first Teilförderweg (10), - transporting the air mass flow in a second Teilförderweg (20) by means of the air mass conveyor (25) to at least one heating unit (31, 32), - substantially isochores heating the air mass flow in a third Teilförderweg (30) by means the at least one heating unit (31, 32) by supplying heat energy of a primary heat source (4), Forwarding of the air mass flow in a fourth Teilförderweg (40) by means of the air mass conveyor (25) to an expansion unit (51), - expanding the air mass flow in a in the expansion unit (51) arranged fifth Teilförderweg (50), wherein released energy to a consumer (52 recirculation of the air mass flow leaving the expansion unit (51) to the at least one heating unit (31) in a sixth partial conveying path (60), and approximating the recirculated air mass flow in a seventh conveying path running in or on the heating unit (31) (70) to the air mass flow in the third conveying path (30), whereby the residual heat of the recirculated air mass flow is at least partially delivered to the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg (30). Method according to Claim 10 , characterized in that a partial volume of the air mass flow in the second, third and fourth Teilförderweg (20, 30, 40) by supplying and discharging air by means of at least three movable separating means (26a, 26b, 26c) of the air mass conveyor (25) kept substantially constant becomes. Method according to Claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg (30) first in a first heating unit (31) by residual heat of the recirculated air mass flow in the seventh Teilförderweg (70) and then in a second heating unit (32) by supplying the heat energy of the primary heat source (4) is heated. Method according to Claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that the recirculated air mass flow in the sixth Teilförderweg (60) by heat energy of the primary heat source (4) and / or a secondary heat source (5) is heated. Method according to Claim 13 characterized in that the heating of the mass air flow is effected, in particular, intermittently, by heat exchange with hot air introduced into the sixth part-conveying path (60) or the seventh part-conveying path (70), the hot air, before being introduced by thermal energy, of the primary heat source (4). or the secondary heat source (5) is heated. Method according to Claim 14 , characterized in that the heating of the air mass flow in the third Teilförderweg (30) at a first time exclusively by heat exchange with the hot air and at a second time then exclusively by heat exchange with the recirculated air mass flow, in particular the first time before the second time lies.

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