DE102018010323A1 - Data communication method between the virtual machines of a vehicle electronics unit and their network interface to a local vehicle network of a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a data communication method between the virtual machines (P1, P2) and the network interface of a vehicle electronics unit (10), the vehicle electronics unit (10) comprising:
the at least two virtual machines (P1, P2) each having a virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2),
a memory (3) each having a virtual machine (P1, P2) exclusively associated memory sections (3.1, 3.2), each memory section (3.1, 3.2) direct memory areas (3.10, 3.20) for the direct communication of the virtual machine (P1, P2) with its associated virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2), and
- The physical network interface (2.1) for establishing a communication connection between each of a virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2) of a virtual machine (P1, P2) and a vehicle network (B1).

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle electronics unit having a physical network interface and at least two virtual machines and a data communication method between the virtual machines and the network interface to a local vehicle network of a vehicle.

In modern vehicles, information such as vehicle condition information and entertainment (entertainment) is made available in a common system of control and display elements and referred to as cockpit and infotainment system. Such systems offer, for example, access to operating and vehicle data displays, navigation, service functions, mobile telephone and Internet as well as audio / video, etc.

In order to realize the applications for the different components, multiprocessor systems are used for such cockpit and infotainment system and summarized the corresponding functions in such a multiprocessor system. In order to be able to exchange user data and control data between the different components, the concept of visualization with multiple operating systems (OS) is realized by a hypervisor (VMM, virtual machine monitor). By means of such hypervisors, a virtual environment with hardware resources, such as, for example, processor, memory and peripherals is defined, which serves as the basis for the installation of the operating systems (also called guest systems) independently of the actually existing hardware. Thus, several operating systems (including partitions) can be operated in parallel on a common hardware. The hypervisor manages the resource allocation for each partition so that the required resources are available for each operating system.

It is known that to transfer data within a hypervisor architecture having a first and second partition, a data transfer method is used which results in an undesirably increased CPU load and has disadvantageous characteristics in terms of security. In this data transmission method, Ethernet data packets are transmitted between a partition and a network interface of a vehicle network, wherein data of the second partition are not transferred directly to the network interface, but are first transferred via a virtual network to the first partition and only then to the network interface.

From the US 2009/0307436 A1 For example, a data processing system having a hypervisor with a split memory partition for page fault processing is known in which the hypervisor manages data from multiple partitions on the shared memory partition.

The US 2012 / 0084517A1 describes a method for providing a common storage space between nodes of a main and subpartition of a hypervisor.

A data transfer procedure between a trusted domain and a guest domain describes the US 2014/0330868 A1 in which a shared memory is used by the domains via a sending and receiving unit and these domains are connected to a hypervisor.

The object of the invention is to provide a vehicle electronics unit with at least two virtual machines, with which a powerful, secure and reliable data communication within the architecture of the vehicle electronics unit is achieved. It is also an object to specify a corresponding data communication method.

The former object is achieved by a vehicle electronics unit having the following features.

• - wenigstens zwei virtuelle Maschinen mit jeweils einer virtuellen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle,
• - einen Speicher mit jeweils einer virtuellen Maschine exklusiv zugeordneten Speicherabschnitten, wobei jeder Speicherabschnitt direkte Speicherbereiche für die direkte Kommunikation der virtuellen Maschine mit deren zugeordneten virtuellen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle aufweist, und
• - eine physikalische Netzwerk-Schnittstelle zur Herstellung einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen jeweils einer virtuellen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle einer virtuellen Maschine und einem Fahrzeugnetzwerk.

Such a vehicle electronics unit comprises

• at least two virtual machines, each with a virtual network interface,
• a memory with a respective virtual machine exclusively associated memory sections, each memory section having direct memory areas for direct communication of the virtual machine with their associated virtual network interface, and
• - A physical network interface for establishing a communication connection between each virtual network interface of a virtual machine and a vehicle network.

In such a vehicle electronics unit, the common memory is divided into memory sections exclusively allocated to a virtual machine, each memory section having direct memory areas for the direct communication of the virtual machine with its associated virtual network interface. Thus, a memory section is accessible only from the same associated virtual machine. The advantages of such a vehicle electronics architecture consist in a clear separation between each of a virtual machine and the physical Network interface of the local vehicle network to be communicated data packets and thus can not adversely affect the security of this architecture, nor on the performance and reliability.

Preferably, the vehicle electronics unit is formed with a hypervisor, which is designed to separate the at least two virtual machines.

• - einen ersten Speicherabschnitt einer ersten virtuellen Maschine auf, wobei dieser Speicherbereich mit
  • - einem Signalisierungsbereich zum Signalisieren, ob RX- oder TX-Daten übermittelt werden,
  • - einem RX-Puffer zum Speichern von empfangenen Daten, und
  • - einem TX-Puffer zum Speichern von zu sendenden Daten ausgebildet ist, und
• - einen zweiten Speicherabschnitt einer zweiten virtuellen Maschine auf, wobei dieser Speicherbereich mit
  • - einem Signalisierungsbereich zum Signalisieren, ob RX- oder TX-Daten übermittelt werden,
  • - einem RX-Puffer zum Speichern von empfangenen Daten, und
  • - einem TX-Puffer zum Speichern von zu sendenden Daten ausgebildet ist.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vehicle electronics unit

• a first memory section of a first virtual machine, this memory area having
  • a signaling area for signaling whether RX or TX data is being transmitted,
  • an RX buffer for storing received data, and
  • a TX buffer is designed to store data to be transmitted, and
• - A second memory section of a second virtual machine, said memory area with
  • a signaling area for signaling whether RX or TX data is being transmitted,
  • an RX buffer for storing received data, and
  • - A TX buffer is designed for storing data to be transmitted.

After that, the two memory sections are each subdivided further into memory sections, namely into a respective signaling area, an RX buffer and a TX buffer. In such a memory section, a software driver is installed, for example for the IP traffic or for the processing of video and / or graphics data.

Thus, the first memory section can have a memory area for IP control data, and a memory area for user data, for example video and / or graphics data, and likewise the second memory section with a memory area for IP control data and a memory area for user data, for example video and video data / or graphics data are trained.

According to training, the signaling area can be replaced by the fact that the vehicle electronics unit is configured to perform defined interrupts.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one virtual machine with a PCIe interface for receiving data to be stored in the associated memory section and transmitting data from the associated memory section is configured.

• - den beiden Prozessoren jeweils wenigstens ein Speicher zugeordnet sind, und
• - die beiden Speicher jeweils eine PCIe-Schnittstelle zum Empfangen von zu speichernden Daten und zum Senden von Daten über die physikalische Netzwerk-Schnittstelle aufweisen.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the at least two virtual machines are executed on at least two processors, wherein

• - The two processors are each assigned at least one memory, and
• - The two memories each having a PCIe interface for receiving data to be stored and to send data over the physical network interface.

The second object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and with the features of claim 3.

• - Speichern des Datenpaketes der Datennachricht in einem RX-Puffer,
• - Auswerten des Headers der Datennachricht mittels einer Filter- und Routingeinheit hinsichtlich der das Datenpaket zuzuweisenden Partition, wobei die Header-Information und das Nachrichtensignalisierung-Interrupt über einen PCIe-Treiber einer Speicherdirektzugriffs (DMA)-Funktion und einer MSI-Interrupt-Steuerungsfunktion (MSI-Handler) des Hypervisors zur Verfügung gestellt werden,
• - Kopieren des Datenpaketes mittels der direkten Speicherzugriffs (DMA)-Funktion in den der Header-Information entsprechenden ersten oder zweiten Speicherabschnitt der entsprechenden virtuellen Maschine, und
• - Bereitstellen eines virtuellen Interrupts mittels der MSI-Interrupt-Steuerungsfunktion für die der Header-Information entsprechenden virtuellen Maschine, und
• - Verarbeiten des Datenpaketes durch die der Header-Information entsprechenden virtuellen Maschine.

According to the first-mentioned solution, the data communication method between the virtual machines of the vehicle electronics unit according to the invention and the network interface for receiving at least one data packet with a header and a message signaling interrupt (MSI = Message Signaled Interrupt) comprising data message is carried out according to a network protocol with the following method steps:

• Storing the data packet of the data message in an RX buffer,
• Evaluating the header of the data message by means of a filtering and routing unit with respect to the partition to be allocated to the data packet, the header information and the message signaling interrupt being provided via a PCIe driver of a memory direct access (DMA) function and an MSI interrupt control function (MSI Handler) of the hypervisor,
• - Copy the data packet by means of the direct memory access (DMA) function in the header information corresponding first or second memory portion of the corresponding virtual machine, and
• Providing a virtual interrupt by means of the MSI interrupt control function for the virtual machine corresponding to the header information, and
• Processing of the data packet by the virtual machine corresponding to the header information.

In this data communication method according to the invention for receiving a data message from the vehicle network by means of Network interface takes over, for example, a network card or a network processor, the task of writing the data packets received from the network interface of a data message in that memory section of the header information corresponding virtual machine. For this purpose, the data packet is written into an RX buffer of the network interface, the header of the data message is evaluated and informed by means of an MSI interrupt the corresponding partition.

According to an advantageous development of this data communication method according to the invention, the data packet is copied by means of the direct memory access (DMA) function into the memory section of the first or the second partition corresponding to the header information. In a memory section of a virtual machine, different applications can be implemented, such as the processing of control data for the IP traffic and the processing of video and / or graphics data. Thus, the data packets according to the header information can each be assigned to the correct memory section of a virtual machine.

• - Erzeugen des an die Netzwerkschnittstelle weiterzuleitenden Datenpaketes durch eine virtuelle Maschine und Speichern des Datenpaketes in dem zugehörigen Speicherabschnitt,
• - Erzeugen einer die Bereitstellung des weiterzuleitenden Datenpaketes anzeigende Nachricht für einen PCIe-Treiber,
• - Kopieren des Datenpaketes in einen TX-Puffer mittels der durch den PCIe-Treiber ausgeführten Speicherdirektzugriffs (DMA)-Funktion,
• - Ergänzen des Datenpaketes mit einer Header-Information entsprechend der Information des PCIe-Treibers mittels der Netzwerkschnittstelle,
• - Erstellen einer Datennachricht aus dem Datenpaket mit Header entsprechend dem Netzwerkprotokoll mittels der Netzwerkschnittstelle, und
• - Senden der Datennachricht mittels der Netzwerkschnittstelle.

According to the second-mentioned solution, the data communication method between the virtual machines of the vehicle electronics unit according to the invention and the network interface for transmitting at least one data packet having a header and a message signaling interrupt (MSI = Message Signaled Interrupt) having data message is carried out according to a network protocol with the following method steps:

• Generating the data packet to be forwarded to the network interface by a virtual machine and storing the data packet in the associated memory section,
• Generating a message indicating the provision of the data packet to be forwarded for a PCIe driver,
• Copying the data packet into a TX buffer by means of the memory direct access (DMA) function performed by the PCIe driver,
• Supplementing the data packet with header information corresponding to the information of the PCIe driver via the network interface,
• - Creating a data message from the data packet with headers according to the network protocol using the network interface, and
• - Sending the data message via the network interface.

In this data communication method according to the invention for transmitting a data message from one of the virtual machines to the network interface of the vehicle network, for example, a network card or a network processor also undertakes the task of reading out the data packets to be forwarded to the network interface from a memory section of the respective virtual machine and into a TX To copy the network interface buffer. By means of the network interface, the data packet is supplemented by means of a header to form a data message in accordance with the network protocol and sent to the vehicle network.

Preferably, in this data communication method, the data packet to be transmitted is copied to the TX buffer by means of the direct memory access (DMA) function.

• 1 ein Blockschaltbild einer Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit mit einem Hypervisor und zwei virtuellen Maschinen,
• 2 ein Blockschaltbild einer weiteren Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit mit einem Hypervisor und zwei virtuellen Maschinen mit jeweils mehreren Speicherabschnitten,
• 3 ein detailliertes Blockschaltbild einer Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit gemäß 1,
• 4 ein Blockschaltbild zur Darstellung einer Datenkommunikation einer über ein Fahrzeugnetzwerk empfangenen Datennachricht innerhalb der Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit nach 2, und
• 5 ein Blockschaltbild zur Darstellung einer Datenkommunikation einer über ein Fahrzeugnetzwerk zu sendenden Datennachricht innerhalb der Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit nach 2.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings. Showing:

• 1 a block diagram of a vehicle electronics unit with a hypervisor and two virtual machines,
• 2 a block diagram of another vehicle electronics unit with a hypervisor and two virtual machines, each with multiple memory sections,
• 3 a detailed block diagram of a vehicle electronics unit according to 1 .
• 4 a block diagram for representing a data communication received via a vehicle network data message within the vehicle electronics unit according to 2 , and
• 5 a block diagram for representing a data communication to be sent via a vehicle network data message within the vehicle electronics unit according to 2 ,

The vehicle electronics unit 10 to 1 and 2 shows two virtualized controllers as the first virtual machine P1 and second virtual machine P2 (also called Virtual Machine Monitor or VMM) each with an operating system (OS), the two virtual machines P1 and P2 by means of a hypervisor 1 be separated. Such a hypervisor 1 is a software with which for each operating system of the two virtual machines P1 and P2 a system environment with virtual resources including virtual processors for the realization and control of the operating systems are generated. To realize such a system environment through the hypervisor 1 become appropriate hardware components, like a microprocessor 4.0 and a memory 3 the vehicle electronics unit 10 used, the memory 3 when shared memory of both virtual machines P1 and P2 is used.

To 1 will this shared memory 3 divided into two parts, namely in a first storage section 3.1 on which only from the virtual machine P1 can be accessed, and a second memory section 3.2 on which only from the virtual machine P2 can be accessed. For one of a virtual machine P1 or P2 Running application, such as. Control of IP traffic or editing video and / or graphics data is an RX buffer area and a TX buffer area as a memory area 3.10 of the first memory section 3.1 and an RX buffer area and a TX buffer area as a storage section 3.20 of the second memory section 3.2 and one signaling area each 3:01 and 3:02 for signaling whether RX data or TX data is received. The function of these signaling areas 3:01 and 3:02 is determined by the basis of 4 described data communication method explained. These signaling areas 3:01 and 3:02 can also be replaced by performing defined interrupts.

A data communication between each one virtual machine P1 or P2 and a network interface 2.1 to a vehicle network B1 For example, a CAN bus is done by means of one of the hypervisor 1 realized virtual network 5 which is in 1 and 2 as virtual network interfaces 5.1 and 5.2 is shown while the network interface 2.1 from a network card 2 is realized.

In this data communication are data packets of data messages from the vehicle network B1 using the virtual network 5 , from an RX buffer of the network card 2 directly into the first memory section 3.1 the first virtual machine P1 or in the second memory section 3.2 the second virtual machine P2 written in response to a header information of the received data message. Conversely, a data packet of a data message to be sent from one of the two memory sections 3.1 or 3.2 directly into a TX buffer of the network card 2 and then as a data message according to the network protocol via the network interface 2.1 Posted.

To 2 becomes the shared memory 3 also divided into two parts, namely in a first storage section 3.1 on which only from the virtual machine P1 can be accessed, and a second memory section 3.2 on which only from the virtual machine P2 can be accessed. Further, for each memory section 3.1 and 3.2 two memory areas are provided, namely memory areas 3.10 and 3.11 for the first storage section 3.1 and storage areas 3.20 and 3.21 for the second memory section 3.2 in order to realize different applications. Also with this vehicle electronics unit 10 to 2 points each storage section 3.1 and 3.2 one signaling area each 3:01 respectively. 3:02 on.
For example, the memory area is used 3.10 of the first memory section 3.1 and the storage area 3.20 of the second memory section 3.2 for controlling IP traffic. For the corresponding software driver, an RX buffer area and a TX buffer area are used as memory area 3.10 respectively. 3.20 set up.

The storage area 3.11 of the first memory section 3.1 and the storage area 3.21 of the second memory section 3.2 serves for example for editing video and / or graphic data. For the corresponding software driver is an RX buffer area and a TX buffer area as a memory section 3.11 respectively. 3.21 set up.

The traffic between the storage sections 3.10 and 3.11 respectively. 3.20 and 3.21 the first or second storage section 3.1 respectively. 3.2 one hand, and the network interface 2.1 on the other hand, according to the hypervisor architecture 1 respectively. 2 about that from the hypervisor 1 realized virtual network 5 , directly between a memory area 3.10 . 3.11 . 3.20 respectively. 3.21 via an RX or TX buffer of the network card 2 and the network interface 2.1 ,

In these hypervisor architectures according to the 1 and 2 can be a virtual machine P1 respectively. P2 only on its associated memory section 3.1 respectively. 3.2 access. This leads to a clear separation of the data packets to be communicated with regard to their membership in the virtual machine P1 or virtual machine P2 , which avoids negative influences on data traffic security. Also, there are no negative influences on the performance and reliability of such hypervisor architectures.

The 3 shows a detailed realization of a vehicle electronics unit 10 with a hypervisor architecture according to 2 , This vehicle electronics unit 10 consists of an MMX (Multi Media Extension) card 10.1 and an RSC (Radio Sound Control) card, which are arranged on a board of a central computer.

By means of the MMX plug-in card 10.1 becomes a hypervisor 1 realized, which is a first virtual machine P1 and a second virtual machine P2 separates.to the realization of the two virtual machines P1 and P2 is a microprocessor 4.0 such as a shared memory 3 provided, which is divided into two sections, namely in a first storage section 3.1 and a second memory section 3.2 , wherein the first memory section 3.1 only the first virtual machine P1 and to the second memory section 3.2 only the second virtual machine P2 can access.

Within these storage sections 3.1 and 3.2 is another division into storage areas 3.10 and 3.11 respectively. 3.20 . 3.21 and 3.22 namely, IP data traffic control data and video and / or graphics data.

The storage area 3.10 of the first memory section 3.1 and the storage areas 3.20 and 3.22 of the second memory section 3.2 are used to control IP traffic. For the corresponding software drivers, an RX buffer area and a TX buffer area are memory sections 3.10 respectively. 3.20 and 3.22 set up. For each of these storage sections 3.10 . 3.20 and 3.22 is a software driver with an associated protocol stack 3100 . 3200 and 3220 by means of the hypervisor 1 realized.

The storage area 3.11 of the first memory section 3.1 and storage area 3.21 of the second memory section 3.2 are used for editing video and / or graphic data. For the corresponding software driver is an RX buffer area and a TX buffer area as a memory section 3.11 respectively. 3.21 set up. For each of these storage areas 3.11 and 3.21 is a software driver with an associated protocol stack 3110 and 3210 by means of the hypervisor 1 realized.

Each of the two memory sections 3.1 and 3.2 Of course, it also detects signaling areas as shown 2 However, for better clarity in 3 are not shown.

The RSC card 10.2 consists of a network card 2 with a microprocessor 4.1 and a filtering and routing unit 2.3 , with which an Ethernet interface as a network interface 2.1 via DMA (Direct Memory Access) 2.30 outputs with a PCIe interface 7 and with compute nodes 10:20 and 10:21 is connected. The two compute nodes 10:20 and 10:21 each have a microprocessor 4.2 respectively. 4.3 on.

The network interface 2.1 is via a gateway / ethernet switch 11.1 a gateway 11 connected on the one hand with an instrument cluster (FPK), a head-up display (HUD), a rear view camera (RVC) and a C-box, etc. and on the other hand via the gateway 11 with a gateway of a CAN bus as a vehicle network B1 ,

A DMA output of the filter and routing unit 2.3 is via the PCIe interface 7 and a PCI driver 6 with the memory area 3.20 of the second memory section 3.2 Another DMA output is also via the PCIe interface 7 and the PCI driver 6 with the memory area 3.22 of the second memory section 3.2 each as a virtual network interface 5.2 connected.

Another DMA output of the filter and routing unit 2.3 leads to a software module 4.10 the network card 2 for video data and a DMA memory, its processed video data via an MPEG TS driver 4.11 by means of the PCIe interface 7 and the PCIe driver 6 with the memory section 3.11 of the first memory section 3.1 as a virtual network interface 5.1 connected is.

Another DMA output comes with a software module 4.20 of the compute node 10:20 connected, which is an operating and display software and an associated DMA memory.

Finally, another software module 4.12 for the Internet Network Management another DMA output of the filtering and routing unit 2.3 connected.

The compute node 10:21 has a software module 4.30 with Ethernet software, an associated DMA memory for processing IP control data, and a protocol stack 4.31 for IP traffic, this protocol stack 4.31 outputs 4:32 for further software modules.

A MOST interface 4.4 connects a MOST network as another vehicle network B2 via a software module 4:34 with an MPEG driver for transmitting video and / or graphic data via the PCIe interface 7 and the PCIe driver 6 of the first virtual machine P1 with the memory section 3.21 of the second memory section 3.2 for the realization of another virtual network interface 5.2 ,

Finally, there is a software module 4:33 with an Ethernet data communication software and an associated protocol stack of the computing node 10:21 with the memory section 3.10 of the first memory section 3.1 the first virtual machine P1 for the realization of another virtual network interface 5.1 connected.

The following is the internal traffic of the vehicle electronics unit 10 according to 3 based on 4 and 5 described.

In this vehicle electronics unit 10 according to the 4 and 5 this one has a hypervisor 1 next to a first and second virtual machine P1 and P2 more virtual machines to the virtual machine px on. Each of these virtual machines P1 , ... px is a storage section 3.1 . 3.2 , ... 3.x a shared memory 3 assigned.

The vehicle electronics unit 10 according to the 4 and 5 includes a compute node as an MMX card 10.1 as well as a network card 2 according to the structure 3 ,

To 4 receives the vehicle electronics unit 10 from a vehicle network B1 over a network interface 2.1 the network card 2 a data message, in addition to a data packet, a header and a message signaling interrupt (MSI = Message Signaled Interrupt) according to the network protocol, for example, the Ethernet protocol of the network interface 2.1 connected vehicle network B1 , eg a CAN bus.

The data packet (or more) is from the network interface 2.1 into an RX buffer 2.2 the network card 2 written at the same time by the network interface 2.1 an input message to an Ethernet driver 2.5 which sends a trigger signal to the filtering and routing unit 2.3 sends. The header is used to parse its header information from the RX buffer 2.2 to the filter and routing unit 2.3 sent and regarding the header information corresponding assignment to a virtual machine P1 , ... px , in particular to a memory section of the memory sections 3.1 , ... 3.x evaluated. The filtering and rooting rules are taken from the hypervisor 1 the filter and routing unit 2.3 provided.

A trigger signal of the filter and routing unit 2.3 initiates a PCIe driver 2.4 of the network card 2 by means of a memory direct access (DMA) function, the data packet from the RX buffer 2.2 via the DMA outputs 2.30 the filter and routing unit 2.3 and the PCIe interface 7 in the memory area corresponding to the header information 3.1 , ... or 3.x to copy. Further receives a signaling area 3.0 from the PCIe driver 2.4 the network card 2 the message signaling interrupt and forwards it to the PCIe driver 6 the MMX card 10.1 , By means of the signaling area 3.0 is signaled whether RX or TX data is transmitted. The signaling area 3.0 includes the signaling areas 3:01 . 3:02 , ... 3.0x the memory sections 3.1 . 3.2 , ... 3.x , This signaling area 3.0 can also be replaced by performing defined interrupt.

An MSI interrupt control function is provided by the hypervisor 1 realized as an MSI handler, which receives the message signaling interrupt from the PCIe driver 6 is supplied. This MSI handler processes the message signaling interrupt and the virtual machine corresponding to the header information P1 , ... or px informed by means of a virtual interrupt. Then this virtual machine will be used P1 , ... or px on their associated memory area 3.1 , ... or 3.x accessed and processed the data packet.

Data packets acting as a data message over the network interface 2.1 in the vehicle network B1 are to be sent from an application in one of the virtual machines P1 , ... or px generated and in the associated memory section 3.1 , ... or 3.x the shared memory 3 saved. The other storage sections can not access this virtual machine.

At the same time, this virtual machine connects to the network interface 2.1 generated to be transmitted data packet and stored in the memory area allocated to this virtual machine, a TX-Data-Ready signal to the PCIe driver 6 sent to indicate that a data packet is ready for acquisition in the corresponding memory area. These TX data-ready signals are from all virtual machines P1 , ... PX summarized and via the PCIe interface 7 the PCIe driver 2.4 the network card 2 supplied by means of the memory direct access (DMA) function of the DMA outputs 2.30 via the PCIe interface 7 the data packet into a TX buffer 2.30 the network card 2 is copied. Are data packets from multiple virtual machines P1 , ... px in the respective memory sections 3.1 , ... 3.x All data packets are stored in the TX buffer 2.20 copied.

One from the PCIe driver 2.4 generated send trigger signal is sent to the ethernet driver 2.5 which sent the network interface 2.1 to cause for the data packet, in particular the Ethernet data packet, a header corresponding to the information of the PCIe driver 6 to generate a data message from the data packet and the header according to the network protocol, for example, to create the Ethernet protocol and to send this data message thus created.

In the vehicle electronics unit 10 according to 3 become the two virtual machines P1 and P2 using a single microprocessor 4.0 and a single memory 3 performed, this memory 3 only a single PCIe interface 7 assigned.

It is also possible the two virtual machines P1 and P2 to realize with at least two different processors, each associated with a memory. Thus, at least two different memories are available, each with PCIe interfaces for receiving data to be stored and for sending data over the physical network interface 2.1 assigned.

• Beispiel 1. Eine Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) mit
  • - wenigstens zwei virtuellen Maschinen (P1, P2) mit jeweils einer virtuellen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle (5.1, 5.2),
  • - einem Speicher (3) mit jeweils einer virtuellen Maschine (P1, P2) exklusiv zugeordneten Speicherabschnitten (3.1, 3.2), wobei jeder Speicherabschnitt (3.1, 3.2) direkte Speicherbereiche (3.10, 3.20) für die direkte Kommunikation der virtuellen Maschine (P1, P2) mit deren zugeordneten virtuellen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle (5.1, 5.2) aufweist, und
  • - einer physikalischen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle (2.1) zur Herstellung einer Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen jeweils einer virtuellen Netzwerk-Schnittstelle (5.1, 5.2) einer virtuellen Maschine (P1, P2) und einem Fahrzeugnetzwerk (B1).
• Bespiel 2. Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) nach Beispiel 1 mit einem Hypervisor (1), welcher zur Trennung der virtuellen Maschinen (P1, P2) ausgebildet ist.
• Bespiel 3. Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) nach Bespiel 1 oder 2, bei welcher
  • - ein erster Speicherabschnitt (3.1) einer ersten virtuellen Maschine (P1) wenigstens einen Speicherbereich (3.10) aufweist, wobei dieser Speicherbereich (3.10) mit
    • - einem Signalisierungsbereich (3.01) zum Signalisieren, ob RX- oder TX-Daten übermittelt werden,
    • - einem RX-Puffer zum Speichern von empfangenen Daten, und
    • - einem TX-Puffer zum Speichern von zu sendenden Daten ausgebildet ist, und
  • - ein zweiter Speicherabschnitt (3.2) einer zweiten virtuellen Maschine (P2) wenigstens einen Speicherbereich (3.20) aufweist, wobei dieser Speicherbereich (3.20) mit
    • - einem Signalisierungsbereich (3.02) zum Signalisieren ob RX-Daten oder.TX-Daten übermittelt werden,
    • - einem RX-Puffer zum Speichern von empfangenen Daten, und
    • - einem Tx-Puffer zum Speichern von zu sendenden Daten ausgebildet ist.
• Bespiel 4. Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) nach Bespiel 3, bei welcher der Signalisierungsbereich dadurch ersetzt ist, dass die Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) zur Durchführung von definierten Interrupts konfiguriert ist.
• Bespiel 5. Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Bespiele, bei welcher jeweils ein Speicherabschnitt (3.1, 3.2) einen Speicherbereich (3.10, 3.20) für IP-Steuerdaten und einen Speicherbereich (3.11, 3.21) für Video- und/oder Grafikdaten aufweist.
• Bespiel 6. Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Bespiele, bei welcher wenigstens eine virtuelle Maschine (P1, P2) mit einer PCIe-Schnittstelle (6) zum Empfangen von in dem zugeordneten Speicherabschnitt (3.1, 3.2) zu speichernden Daten und Senden von Daten aus dem zugeordneten Speicherabschnitt (3:1, 3.2) konfiguriert ist.
• Bespiel 7. Fahrzeugelektronikeinheit (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Bespiele, bei welcher die wenigstens zwei virtuellen Maschinen (P1, P2)
  • - auf wenigstens zwei Prozessoren ausgeführt werden,
  • - den beiden Prozessoren jeweils wenigstens ein Speicher zugeordnet sind, und
  • - die beiden Speicher jeweils eine PCIe-Schnittstelle zum Empfangen von zu speichernden Daten und zum Senden von Daten über die physikalische Netzwerk-Schnittstelle (2.1) aufweisen.

In the following, further embodiments of the invention are described:

• Example 1. A vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) With
  • at least two virtual machines ( P1 . P2 ) each with a virtual network interface ( 5.1 . 5.2 )
  • - a memory ( 3 ) each with a virtual machine ( P1 . P2 ) exclusively allocated memory sections ( 3.1 . 3.2 ), each memory section ( 3.1 . 3.2 ) direct memory areas ( 3.10 . 3.20 ) for direct communication of the virtual machine ( P1 . P2 ) with its associated virtual network interface ( 5.1 . 5.2 ), and
  • a physical network interface ( 2.1 ) for establishing a communication connection between in each case a virtual network interface ( 5.1 . 5.2 ) of a virtual machine ( P1 . P2 ) and a vehicle network ( B1 ).
• recordable 2 , Vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) according to example 1 with a hypervisor ( 1 ), which is used to separate the virtual machines ( P1 . P2 ) is trained.
• recordable 3 , Vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) after example 1 or 2 , in which
  • a first memory section ( 3.1 ) of a first virtual machine ( P1 ) at least one memory area ( 3.10 ), this memory area ( 3.10 ) With
    • a signaling area ( 3:01 ) to signal whether RX or TX data is being transmitted,
    • an RX buffer for storing received data, and
    • a TX buffer is designed to store data to be transmitted, and
  • a second memory section ( 3.2 ) a second virtual machine ( P2 ) at least one memory area ( 3.20 ), this memory area ( 3.20 ) With
    • a signaling area ( 3:02 ) for signaling whether RX data or .TX data are transmitted,
    • an RX buffer for storing received data, and
    • - A Tx buffer for storing data to be sent is formed.
• recordable 4 , Vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) after example 3 in which the signaling area is replaced by the fact that the vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) is configured to perform defined interrupts.
• recordable 5 , Vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding examples, in which in each case a memory section ( 3.1 . 3.2 ) a memory area ( 3.10 . 3.20 ) for IP control data and a memory area ( 3.11 . 3.21 ) for video and / or graphics data.
• recordable 6 , Vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding examples, in which at least one virtual machine ( P1 . P2 ) with a PCIe interface ( 6 ) for receiving in the associated memory section ( 3.1 . 3.2 ) data to be stored and sending data from the associated memory section ( 3: 1 . 3.2 ) is configured.
• recordable 7 , Vehicle electronics unit ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding examples, in which the at least two virtual machines ( P1 . P2 )
  • be executed on at least two processors,
  • - The two processors are each assigned at least one memory, and
  • the two memories each have a PCIe interface for receiving data to be stored and for sending data over the physical network interface ( 2.1 ) exhibit.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

hypervisor

1.1

MSI handler

2

network card

2.1

Network Interface

2.2

Network card RX buffer 2

2.20

TX buffer of the network card 2

2.3

Filter and routing unit

2.30

DMA outputs of the filter and routing unit 2 .3

2.4

PCIe driver

2.5

Ethernet driver

3

shared memory

3.0

signaling area

3:01

signaling area

3:02

signaling area

3.0x

the funding area

3.1

first storage section of the first virtual machine P1

3.10

Memory area of the first memory section 3 .1

3100

Protocol stack

3.11

Memory area of the first memory section 3.1

3110

Protocol stack

3.2

second storage section of the second virtual machine P2

3.20

Memory area of the second memory section 3 .2

3200

Protocol stack

3.21

Memory area of the second memory section 3 .2

3210

Protocol stack

3.22

Memory area of the second memory section 3 .2

3220

Protocol stack

3.x

Memory section of the virtual machine Px

4.0

microprocessor

4.1

microprocessor

4.10

software module

4.11

MPEG-TS driver

4.2

microprocessor

4.20

software modules

4.3

microprocessor

4.30

software modules

4.31

Protocol stack

4:32

Outputs of the protocol stack 4.31

4:33

software modules

4:34

software module

4.4

MOST interface

5

virtual network

5.1

virtual network interface (s) of the virtual network 5

5.2

virtual network interface (s) of the virtual network 5

6

PCIe driver

7

PCIe interface

10

Automotive electronics unit

10.1

MMX plug-in card

10.2

RSC plug-in card

10:20

compute nodes

10:21

compute nodes

11

gateway

11.1

Gateway / Ethernet switch

B1

Vehicle network

B2

Vehicle network

P1

first virtual machine

P2

second second virtual machine

px

virtual machine

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2009/0307436 A1 [0005]
• US 2012/0084517 A1 [0006]
• US 2014/0330868 A1 [0007]

Claims (10)

Data communication method between virtual machines (P1, P2) of a vehicle electronics unit (10) and a network interface (2.1), the vehicle electronics unit (10) comprising: the at least two virtual machines (P1, P2) each having a virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2), a memory (3) each having a virtual machine (P1, P2) exclusively associated memory sections (3.1, 3.2), each memory section (3.1, 3.2) direct memory areas (3.10, 3.20) for the direct communication of the virtual machine (P1, P2) with its associated virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2), and the physical network interface (2.1) for establishing a communication connection between in each case a virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2) of a virtual machine (P1, P2) and a vehicle network (B1), wherein for receiving at least one data packet having a header and a message signaling interrupt (MSI = Message Signaled Interrupt) having data message according to a network protocol, the following method steps are performed: Storing the data packet of the data message in an RX buffer (2.2), Evaluating the header of the data message by means of a filtering and routing unit (2.3) with respect to the partition (P1, P2) to be allocated to the data packet, the header information and the message signaling interrupt being issued via a PCIe driver (2.4) of a direct memory access (DMA) Function and an MSI interrupt control function (MSI handler), - Copying the data packet by means of the direct memory access (DMA) function in the header information corresponding storage section (3.1, 3.2) of the corresponding virtual machine (P1, P2), and Providing a virtual interrupt by means of the MSI interrupt control function for the virtual machine corresponding to the header information (P1, P2), and - Processing of the data packet by the header information corresponding virtual machine (P1, P2). Data communication method according to Claim 1 in which the data packet is copied by means of the direct memory access (DMA) function into the memory section (3.1, 3.2) of the corresponding virtual machine (P1, P2) corresponding to the header information. Data communication method between virtual machines (P1, P2) of a vehicle electronics unit (10) and a network interface (2.1), the vehicle electronics unit (10) comprising: the at least two virtual machines (P1, P2) each having a virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2), a memory (3) each having a virtual machine (P1, P2) exclusively associated memory sections (3.1, 3.2), each memory section (3.1, 3.2) direct memory areas (3.10, 3.20) for the direct communication of the virtual machine (P1, P2) with its associated virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2), and the physical network interface (2.1) for establishing a communication connection between in each case a virtual network interface (5.1, 5.2) of a virtual machine (P1, P2) and a vehicle network (B1), wherein for transmitting at least one data packet having a header and a message signaling interrupt (MSI = Message Signaled Interrupt), the following method steps are carried out in accordance with a network protocol: Generating the data packet to be forwarded to the network interface (2.1) by a virtual machine (P1, P2) and storing the data packet in the associated memory section (3.1, 3.2), Generating a message indicating the provision of the data packet to be forwarded for a PCIe driver (6), Copying the data packet into a TX buffer (2.20) by means of the memory direct access (DMA) function performed by the PCIe driver (6), - supplementing the data packet with information corresponding to the header information of the PCIe driver (6) by means of the network interface (2.1), - Creating a data message from the data packet with headers according to the network protocol using the network interface (2.1), and - Sending the data message via the network interface (2.1). Data communication method according to Claim 3 in which the data packet is copied to the TX buffer (2.20) using the direct memory access (DMA) function. Data communication method according to one of the preceding claims, the vehicle electronics unit (10) comprising: a hypervisor (1), which is designed to separate the virtual machines (P1, P2). Data communication method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the vehicle electronics unit (10) - a first memory section (3.1) of a first virtual machine (P1) has at least one memory area (3.10), this memory area (3.10) having - a signaling area (3.01) for signaling whether RX or TX data are transmitted, - an RX buffer for storing received data, and - a TX buffer for storing data to be transmitted, and - a second memory section ( 3.2) of a second virtual machine (P2) has at least one memory area (3.20), this memory area (3.20) having - a signaling area (3.02) for signaling whether RX data or TX data are transmitted, - an RX buffer for storing received data, and - a Tx buffer for storing data to be transmitted is formed. Data communication method according to Claim 6 wherein in the vehicle electronics unit (10) the signaling area is replaced by the fact that the vehicle electronics unit (10) is configured to perform defined interrupts. Data communication method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the vehicle electronics unit (10) in each case a memory section (3.1, 3.2) has a memory area (3.10, 3.20) for IP control data and a memory area (3.11, 3.21) for video and / or graphics data. Data communication method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the vehicle electronics unit (10) at least one virtual machine (P1, P2) with a PCIe interface (6) for receiving data to be stored in the associated memory section (3.1, 3.2) and sending data from the associated memory section (3.1, 3.2) is configured. Data communication method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the vehicle electronics unit (10) the at least two virtual machines (P1, P2) be executed on at least two processors, - The two processors are each assigned at least one memory, and - The two memories each having a PCIe interface for receiving data to be stored and for sending data over the physical network interface (2.1).

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