DE102018008078A1 - Delayed carrier bullet for a barrel weapon - Google Patents

Abstract

A carrier projectile (2) for a barrel weapon (4) with a barrel (6) that extends along a central longitudinal axis (8), with a floor (10), with a casing (12) that is closed in an initial state (A) and is connected to the floor (10), the floor (10) and the casing (12) enclosing a receiving space (18) for a payload in the initial state (A), has a holding means (22) and one on the holding means ( 22) acting delay device (24), wherein the shell (12) has at least two shell parts (20a-d), the shell parts (20a-d) by means of the holding means (22), which is in a holding state (H), are held together as a shell (12) in the initial state (A), the shell parts (20a-d) being detached from one another by means of the holding means (22) when the holding means (22) is transferred from the delay device (24) to a released state (L) is, the holding means (22) then the release state (L) assumes when a deceleration process (V) in the deceleration device (24) started when the support projectile (2) was fired, the holding means (22) and the deceleration device (24) being designed purely electromechanically.

Description

The invention relates to a delayed carrier bullet for a barrel weapon.

Such a main storey is, for example, the widespread "SMArt 155" storey from GIWS mbH. The projectile uses a time fuse and an ejection charge (usually pyrotechnics) to pyrotechnically discharge a payload / submunition from the projectile after a defined point in time.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved support bullet for a barrel weapon.

The object is achieved by a carrier bullet according to claim 1 for a barrel weapon with a barrel. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention and other categories of invention result from the further claims, the following description and the attached figures.

The main floor extends along one or its central longitudinal axis. The main floor contains a floor and in particular a guide band. The guide band is usually arranged on the peripheral surface of the floor. The circumferential surface or direction relates to the central longitudinal axis. The peripheral surface thus points radially outward with respect to the central longitudinal axis. The central longitudinal axis represents an axial direction of the carrier projectile. The projectile is also assigned a designated launch or flight direction after firing from the barrel weapon, which is directed in the axial direction.

The main storey contains a shell which is closed in an initial state and is connected to the floor of the storey. The initial state is the intended state of the main floor between its manufacture and at least its launch. In the initial state, the floor and the envelope enclose a receiving space for a payload.

The carrier projectile contains a holding means and a delay device acting on the holding means. The shell has at least two shell parts, the shell parts being held together as a shell in the initial state by means of the holding means, which is in a holding state. On the other hand, the shell parts are detached from one another by means of the holding means when the holding means has been brought into a release state by the delay device. The holding means assumes the release state or is in this state when a deceleration process in the deceleration device that was started when the carrier projectile was shot has ended. The holding means and the delay device are designed purely electromechanically.

The shell parts are thus initially held together by the holding means in the holding state. When the support projectile is shot down, the delay process begins in or with the aid of the delay device. Upon completion of the delay process, i.e. H. after a certain delay time has elapsed, the holding means is or is transferred from the holding state to the released state. The shell parts are no longer held together by the holding means and can separate from one another. This opens the receiving space and the payload is released. Only after the carrier bullet has left the barrel of the barrel weapon does the delay device act in an "opening" manner on the holding means, which changes from the holding state to the released state and thus releases the disassembly of the shell into the shell parts. The dimensioning of the components when used as intended ensures that this only happens after passing the mouth opening.

Construction fragments, flechets or other active elements or active agents or effectors, for example, come into consideration as the payload.

The optional guide band seals the floor of the floor from the barrel when inserting or using the carrier bullet in a designated barrel weapon. With regard to the intended firing direction or flight direction, the floor forms the rear part, the shell the front part of the carrier floor.

The delay process can certainly be dimensioned in such a way that as long as the carrier projectile is still in the barrel of the barrel after the launch, the casing remains closed and remains connected to the floor of the projectile. Only after leaving the barrel are the casing and the floor separated. In the initial state or in a holding state (which continues even after the shot has been fired until the casing and floor have separated), the floor and the shell are fastened or held to one another.

The holding means is thus still in the holding state in the barrel of the barrel weapon. In the released state or in the disassembled state of the carrier floor, the shell parts are then detached from one another, in particular also the shell or shell parts and the floor of the floor are detached from one another. “Purely electromechanical” is to be understood in the sense that the components are designed purely mechanically and are optionally equipped with electrics / electronics. This is then only for the time control or the completion of the Delay process and / or responsible for triggering and / or driving the remaining mechanics.

In particular, the delay device is structurally set up so that the holding means only in a distance range of the carrier level of at least 3 m, in particular at least 5 m, at least 7 m or at least 10 m from the exit point from the barrel, i. H. release at a safe distance after leaving the barrel.

According to the invention, this results in a carrier bullet for barrel weapons with a delayed opening.

The main storey therefore has a storey (outer) shell that can be broken down into several parts (shell parts). This mechanism is able to open the projectile and release the payload of the projectile. Various possible implementations of the mechanism are conceivable. According to the invention, it is possible to produce ammunition that has a "shot-like effect" from barrel weapons. In particular, the effective range should not take place or lie immediately after the pipe (after leaving the pipe).

Compared to shotgun or canister ammunition, there is a release of the payload at a safe distance from the weapon station (advantages through security, better control of the effect). There is no danger to the weapon station by releasing the payload directly after the muzzle. There is better control of the control cone through defined release of the payload. There is an overshoot or protection of allied troops through downtube security. Compared to classic cargo bullets with a time fuse and exhaust charge, the carrier bullet described here does not necessarily require an expensive fuse (with pyrotechnics or electronics) and can also be used in particular in small calibers (medium-caliber, from approx. 20 mm). Furthermore, no chemical energy is stored in the floor itself, which completely avoids the danger from explosives. The question of IM properties (insensitive ammunition) does not arise in the first place.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier bullet is a carrier bullet for a barrel weapon with a drawn barrel. The optional guide belt is then one for the swirl transmission from the barrel to the carrier floor. Thus, the carrier bullet is suitable for the majority of available barrel weapons. In addition, the general advantages of a swirl also result for the present carrier floor.

According to the invention, this results in a carrier system for barrel weapons (optionally with a drawn barrel / twist) in order to spend a payload for flechets or other active elements (e.g. construction splinters). This has a defined release time or location, which is not immediately after the run. According to the invention, it is possible to spend active agents (for example splinters or flechets) from a drawn barrel without opening the carrier projectile and releasing the active agents in the barrel. The invention allows implementation without having to resort to an (expensive) igniter. The invention also allows implementation without having to store chemical energy. This leads to an advantage in IM matters, chemical compatibility and storage stability.

Compared to classic shot that is fired from non-drawn barrels, there is the advantage of being able to use drawn barrels. The effect is similar to a can ammunition that opens immediately after the barrel and releases its payload immediately behind the barrel.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the holding means and the delay device are designed purely mechanically and the delaying process is driven by a movement of the carrier projectile during or after its firing. It is driven, for example, by the launch shock, the acceleration or - if available - the swirl of the carrier floor. In other words, the delay device is driven accordingly. This means that there is no need for any electrical equipment on the main floor, which further simplifies it and makes it less susceptible to faults.

In a preferred embodiment, the delay device is therefore designed without pyrotechnics and / or without stored chemical energy and / or without igniter, in particular without a timer. The advantages of this have already been mentioned above.

In a preferred embodiment, the delay device is designed electromechanically. This allows a structurally particularly simple and reliable design of the delay device, so that disadvantages with regard to the general use of electrics are outweighed compared to purely mechanical solutions.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the delay device is the only electromechanical element of the carrier storey. A corresponding delay, in particular a time delay, can generally be implemented electrically in a particularly simple and reliable manner compared to a mechanical embodiment.

In a preferred embodiment, at least two of the shell parts have a respective first positive locking element. The first form-locking element is part of the holding means. The holding means contains a central part, which has a second positive locking element for each of the first positive locking elements. The first and second form-locking elements are in positive engagement in the holding state in order to hold the shell parts together as a shell in the initial state. In the released state, the first and second form-locking means are moved away from one another or are no longer in engagement. The first and second positive locking elements are or are held in engagement by the delay device before and during the deceleration process and are moved away from one another by the delay device at the end of the deceleration process.

A corresponding form-fit connection can be implemented in many variants in order to be optimally adapted to the respective conditions on the supporting floor (e.g. floor size, weight, number of shell parts, type of payload, etc.).

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the central part can be moved along the central longitudinal axis relative to the envelope and to the floor of the floor, a first longitudinal position corresponding to the holding state and a second longitudinal position corresponding to the released state. A corresponding axial movement can also be implemented in a variety of ways. Firing shock and acceleration and deceleration of the projectile in flight through the air are thus available to drive a corresponding movement. Corresponding (electrical /) mechanics can be implemented particularly easily. In the longitudinal direction, there is usually more freedom of movement for the central part compared to the transverse direction of the main storey.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the delay device contains a blocking element. The central part is spring-loaded and movable in relation to the locking element, the central part being held in the first longitudinal position by the locking element and being released for movement into the second longitudinal position. Corresponding locking elements can be implemented in particular by means of safety mechanisms for storeys known from practice. Proven and reliable technology can therefore be used in this regard.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the second form-locking element (in particular the retaining ring, if present) is fixed in the initial state (in particular on the drain mandrel, if present) by means of a tear-off means, the tear-off means being releasable by the launch shock. A corresponding tear-off means is, for example, a tearable thread, an adhesive connection, a predetermined breaking point, a frictional connection or the like, which fixes the retaining ring to the holding mandrel in the initial state. In this way, the main storey is protected from damage or malfunction during regular handling until launch.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the central part is or is moved during the deceleration process by moving the projectile from the holding state to the releasing state. A corresponding projectile movement is in particular its acceleration, launch shock or - if present - its swirl.

In a preferred embodiment, at least two of the shell parts have a respective thorn-like extension which projects into the interior of the carrier floor or into the receiving space. The extensions or a respective part of these form at least part of the first form-fitting elements. The projections abut against each other in the holding state and together form at least part of a discharge mandrel. The drain plug or a part thereof forms at least part of the holding means. The holding means also has a holding ring which engages around the discharge mandrel in the holding state and thus holds the extensions together. The retaining ring or a part thereof forms at least part of the second form-locking elements and the central part. When released, the retaining ring is or is removed from the drain plug. The retaining ring is or is held on the discharge mandrel by the delay device before and during the deceleration process and is released by the discharge mandrel by the delay device at the end of the deceleration process. “Thorn-like” is to be understood in the sense that the extensions form thorn parts, which then form the thorn or at least a part of it in the assembled state, namely in the holding state. The delay is e.g. B. achieved by a controlled friction slipping from the mandrel.

In particular, a direction of discharge of the retaining ring on the discharge mandrel is directed against the direction of flight. That is, from the stop state to the release state, the retaining ring executes a movement against the direction of flight along the discharge mandrel. However, a movement in the opposite direction is also conceivable. The discharge mandrel has, in particular, a free end which, in this case, points against (or in the other case in) an intended flight direction of the carrier projectile. Because the retaining ring leaves the drain plug at the free end, the transition from the hold state to the release state takes place.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the drainage mandrel extends concentrically to the central longitudinal axis. This makes it particularly easy to assemble from extensions.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the holding ring as the central part is or is moved from the holding state to the released state during the deceleration process by moving the projectile along the discharge mandrel. A corresponding projectile movement is in particular its acceleration, launch shock or - if present - its swirl.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the delay device contains an internal thread on the retaining ring and a matching external thread on the discharge mandrel. The retaining ring thus forms a drain nut that rotates along the internal thread in order to move from the holding state to the released state. A corresponding rotary drive can take place in particular by means of a rotational inertia of the retaining ring in relation to the discharge mandrel rotated by swirl.

In a preferred variant of this embodiment, the retaining ring is fixed on the discharge mandrel with respect to the central longitudinal axis with an axial distance gap between the internal thread and the external thread. This embodiment can be combined in particular with the tear-off means mentioned above. The tear-off process takes place on a non-threaded section of the discharge mandrel in order to be able to use the inertia of the retaining ring during the launch shock. Only after the distance gap has been covered does the retaining ring (its internal thread) come into engagement with the external thread of the discharge mandrel and the rotary discharge movement begins. The same could also be achieved accordingly with a distance to a friction-bearing drainage surface.

The invention is based on the following findings, observations and considerations and also has the following embodiments. The embodiments are sometimes also called “the invention” for simplicity. The embodiments can also contain or correspond to parts or combinations of the above-mentioned embodiments and / or possibly also include embodiments not previously mentioned.

The invention is based on the basic idea of creating a carrier system in order to spend splinters or flechets from a drawn barrel (similar to shot). At the same time, disassembly in the run should be excluded.

The invention is based on the knowledge that, in practice, either bullets with a time fuse have been used in the past, which pyrotechnically eject the payload after a defined point in time, and otherwise conventional shotgun ammunition has been fired from smooth tubes.

The invention is based on the basic concept of opening the projectile shell after a defined time, in particular either by running off a drain nut (retaining ring) on a threaded mandrel or by moving an unlocking rod (central part).

• 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Trägergeschoss in a) Seitenansicht und b) Draufsicht,
• 2 das Trägergeschoss aus 1 a) im Längsschnitt und b) im Querschnitt,
• 3 ein Detail eines alternativen Trägergeschosses in einer Ansicht gemäß 2a,
• 4 einen Querschnitt durch ein alternatives Trägergeschoss,
• 5 das Trägergeschoss aus 4 im Längsschnitt,
• 6 einen Sicherungsmechanismus bzw. Öffnungsmechanismus aus 5 im
• Detail in Seitenansicht für den a) Haltezustand und den b) Lösezustand, 7 einen alternativen Sicherungs-/Öffnungsmechanismus aus 5 im Detail in Draufsicht für den a) Haltezustand und den b) Lösezustand.

Further features, effects and advantages of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention and the attached figures. A schematic diagram shows:

• 1 a carrier floor according to the invention in a) side view and b) top view,
• 2nd the main floor 1 a) in longitudinal section and b) in cross section,
• 3rd a detail of an alternative carrier level in a view according to 2a ,
• 4th a cross section through an alternative support level,
• 5 the main floor 4th in longitudinal section,
• 6 a locking mechanism or opening mechanism 5 in the
• Detail in side view for the a) hold state and the b) release state, 7 an alternative locking / opening mechanism 5 in detail in plan view for the a) hold state and the b) release state.

1 shows a main floor 2nd for a tube weapon only indicated here 4th with a run 6 when accelerating in the run 6 after the launch floor was shot down 2nd . 1a shows a side view with the barrel cut open 6 , 1 b a plan view in the direction of arrow Ib in 1a . The main floor 2nd extends along a central longitudinal axis 8th and contains a floor 10th as well as an envelope 12th . On the (related to the central longitudinal axis 8th ) Peripheral area 14 of the floor 10th is a leader band 16 appropriate. This is used in the usual way to seal the floor of the floor 10th opposite the barrel 6 . The run 6 is a drawn barrel, which is why the guide band 16 also for transferring a swirl from the barrel weapon 4th to the main floor 2nd serves. The Carrier floor 2nd is therefore a support bullet for a barrel weapon 4th with drawn barrel 6 .

1 shows an initial state A of the main floor 2nd which this has held since its production. In the initial state A is the shell 12th with the floor 10th connected. In addition, the shell 12th closed. Cover 12th and floor 10th therefore enclose a recording room 18th who in the 2-5 is recognizable. The recording room 18th serves to accommodate a payload not shown here, for example construction splinters, fleets, etc.

The case 12th shows four shell parts in the example 20a-d on. That the shell 12th "Closed" means that the shell parts 20a-d rest against each other without gaps and thus in its entirety the closed (outer) shell 12th form. The case 12th is in their shell parts 20a-d divisible, as explained below. Through this division or opening of the shell 12th or the main floor 2nd will be in the recording room 18th located payload released.

2a shows a section along the plane Ila-Ila in 1b through the main floor 2nd . The main floor 2nd contains a holding agent 22 and a delay device 24th that on the holding means 22 acts. Holding means 22 and delay device 24th are designed purely mechanically, without pyrotechnics and without stored chemical energy and without detonators (especially without detonators). The delay device 24th is by moving the main floor 2nd driven during or after the launch, as explained below. The holding device 22 is in a hold state H by covering the shell parts 20a-d in the form of the closed envelope 12th holds together.

Each of the shell parts 20a-d has a respective first positive locking element 26 on, the holding means 22 has a central part 28 on. The central part 28 contains each of the 1st form-locking elements 26 a second positive locking element 30th . On hold H are the first positive locking elements 26 and the second positive locking elements 30th in positive engagement around the shell parts 20a-d as a shell 12th in the initial state A hold together.

In the example there are the first positive locking elements 26 thorn-like extensions 32 the shell parts 20a-d that go into the interior of the main floor 2nd or the recording room 18th protrude into it. On hold H are the extensions 32 to each other and together form a drain plug 34 . The drain plug 34 is a first part of the holding means 22 . The holding device 22 also has a retaining ring as the second part 36 on. This forms the second form-locking elements in the form of radially inner surface sections (90 ° circumferential segments) 30th . On hold H grips around the retaining ring 36 the drain plug 34 and so keeps the extensions 32 and thus the shell parts 20a-d form-fitting to each other or together.

So that the holding means 22 in a release state L arrives, the retaining ring moves 36 in the direction of the arrow 38 at the drain plug 34 along and finally leaves its free end 40 . From this moment on, the extensions evaluate 32 no longer held together and the release state L is reached. The movement of the retaining ring 36 from its original position in the initial state A until it is released L (Sliding off the free end 40 ) represents the deceleration process V represented by the delay device 24th is accomplished. This is done as follows:

The delay device 24th includes an internal thread 42 on the retaining ring 36 as well as an external thread 44 at the drain plug 34 , which result from the respective threaded parts on the extensions 32 put together. The retaining ring 38 thus forms a drain nut for the external thread 44 . The sequence of the drain nut, and thus the drive of the delay device 24th is done by the shell 12th and with it the drain plug 34 take a spin after launch, ie start around the central longitudinal axis 8th to rotate. The retaining ring 36 does not take up a corresponding rotational movement due to its inertia. The drain plug 34 therefore begins like a threaded rod in the retaining ring 36 to rotate, whereupon it turns in the direction of the arrow 38 at the drain plug 34 screws or moves along. The halt state H is still maintained. Only after the internal thread has run through completely 42 leaves the retaining ring 36 the drain plug 34 at the free end 40 , the hold state H in the release state L transforms.

The intended swirl speed or number of revolutions of the carrier level 2nd around the central longitudinal axis 8th after a designated launch, the number of threads of the internal thread 42 and external thread 44 , the thread pitch etc. are structurally coordinated so that the deceleration process V (Drain the drain nut on the drain plug 34 ) required a desired time. In connection with the known intended flight speed of the carrier level 2nd can be a desired distance from the gun 4th or the launch point at which the release state L is reached and thus the envelope 12th opened and the payload is released. In particular, this can ensure that an opening in the barrel 6 is excluded.

2nd shows a drain nut (retaining ring 36 ) on a thread (external thread 44 ) on the main floor 2nd . The bullet shell 12th also consists of four outer segments (shell parts 20a-d ) that are held together by the drain nut. After the launch shock, the drain nut runs in the direction of the arrow 38 the external thread 44 down. As soon as the screw (drain plug 34 ) the internal thread 42 leaves the shell 12th no longer held together and releases the payload. The direction of flow (arrow 38 ) need not necessarily point against the direction of flight (as in the example shown). The air resistance, which is a braking force on the carrier floor 2nd could alternatively (not shown here) a sequence in the direction of flight (opposite arrow 38 ) favor. The friction between internal and external threads 42 , 44 may need to be reduced by lubricants such as surface teflon.

3rd shows schematically an alternative drain mandrel 34 in a representation according to 2a in detail. The drain plug 34 with the external thread 44 forms according to 2nd a thread core consisting of several elements (extensions 32 ) is formed. The elements are with the shell 12th connected. The thread core holds the shell 12th with the drain nut (retaining ring 36 ) together. The drain nut (retaining ring 36 ) holds the outer shell 14 together until it expires.

Here is an alternative to 2nd the retaining ring 36 in the initial state A on the drain plug 34 through a tear-off agent 46 fixed. The latter is symbolized here by a thread of a tear-off thread. The release takes place through the launch shock. In doing so, the drainage mandrel becomes opposite to the direction of the arrow 38 accelerates. The retaining ring 36 due to its inertia, it strives to maintain its position and the thread does not withstand the axial force and tears off or slips axially. To ensure sufficient axial freedom of movement for the retaining ring 36 to create is the retaining ring 36 with a gap 50 between internal thread 42 and external thread 44 on the tear-off 46 fixed. The tear-off agent 46 (Tear-off thread) is designed so that it is the actual thread (internal thread 42 and external thread 44 ) not hindered in the process. The internal thread 42 is the drain thread of the drain nut. The external thread 44 is the drain thread on the thread core.

The retaining ring 36 is located (this also applies to 1 and 2nd ) in a first longitudinal position L1 (indicated by an area arrow), based on the central longitudinal axis 8th on the drain plug 34 to the hold state H to effect.

As soon as he gets the drain plug 34 left, it is in a second longitudinal position L2 to the release state L to effect.

In the 3rd drain nut shown (retaining ring 36 ) is unlocked during the launch shock and runs in the direction of the arrow 38 the external thread 44 down. The external thread 44 or the drain plug 34 is one of several (here four) elements (extensions 32 ) Composite component, each with the (here four) segments (shell parts 20a-d ) the carrier shell 12th connected is. This is only held together at the top of the projectile by the drain nut. After the screw (drain mandrel 34 with external thread 44 ) becomes the carrier shell 12th opened and thus releases the payload. The functional sequence is described below:

Step 1: First the tear agent breaks 46 (Tear-off thread) during the launch shock, which is prevented from unintentionally loosening by a thread lock.

Step 2: The drain nut runs off due to the non-swirl transmission from the rotationally accelerated carrier floor 2nd on the drain nut. The reason for the non-twist transfer to the drain nut is that there is no longer a fixed connection between the remaining support floor after it has been torn off 2nd and drain nut there. The shock or tearing off is complete before the spin is complete. The pending acceleration and inertia of the drain nut during the launch process starts the rotary motion of the drain nut.

Step 2 (alternative): An alternative step, not shown 2nd looks like this: Instead of realizing the drain nut only via the non-swirl transmission, it is possible to drive the drain nut (e.g. via gears) with an eccentric rotor. This principle is used in most SADs (Safety and Arming Units) known from practice. A rotor eccentrically mounted on an axis (center of gravity outside the middle of the floor) is rotated by the floor 2nd accelerated to the outside. Here the rotary movement of the rotor (if necessary) via a gear ratio (if necessary with a brake) rotates the drain nut over a selected flight time from the carrier thread (drain mandrel) and thus opens the projectile 2nd and releases the payload.

The 2nd and 3rd thus show a first opening concept I. "Tear-off nut". A second opening concept II ("Unlocking rod") show the 4th to 7 .

The 4th and 5 show an alternative embodiment of a holding means 22 and a delay device 24th . 5 is a longitudinal section through the main floor 2nd , 4th a cross section along the plane IV-IV in 5 .

Here is the first positive locking element 26 a recess with a round cross section 52 in a respective web 54 that differs from the respective shell part 20a-d extends radially inwards into the interior of the storey. The recess is open radially inwards in an area smaller than its largest width and thus forms an undercut in the radial direction. In the recess 52 is on hold H a second positive locking element 30th positively in the radial or circumferential direction. The positive locking elements 30th are one-piece areas or sections of a central part 56 in the form of an unlocking rod. To from the initial state A in the release state L to get to the central part 56 in the direction of the arrow 38 emotional. This is indicated in sections by dashed lines. This is how the first and second positive locking elements arrive 26 , 30th disengaged and the shell parts 20a-d are released, the shell 12th can open. The first and second positive locking elements 26 , 30th thus form a holding device 22 or an unlocking mechanism according to 4th . The jetty 54 forms a connecting element of the positive connection to the projectile shell 12th .

So long as a positive engagement (hold state H ) there is the central part 56 in the longitudinal positions L1 (indicated by area arrow). As soon as the dashed longitudinal position L2 is reached, is the release state L reached.

To the movement of the central part 56 to drive is a spring force element 58 provided that the central part 56 in the direction of the arrow 38 preloaded. The delay device 24th in the form of a safety mechanism causes the deceleration process V and ensures that the central part 46 only after the delay time from the hold state has expired H in the direction of the arrow 38 in the release state L is moved.

The opening mechanism II (Opening concept II ) works via the unlocking rod (central part 56 ) which until the release of the shell 12th holds together. The unlocking rod holds the shell 14 by a positive connection, as he is in 4th is shown. There is a safety mechanism (delay device) at the upper end of the unlocking rod 24th ). This is unlocked during the launch shock and (especially driven by the swirl) opens after a defined time or flight distance 60 free. In this opening 60 the release bar can be lifted using a spring (spring force element 58 ) move. By moving the unlocking rod (in the direction of the arrow 38 ) the unlocking mechanism will turn off 4th opened and the main floor 2nd opens through the swirl and releases the payload.

1. 1. bis zur Freigabe durch den Entsicherungsmechanismus (Verzögerungseinrichtung 24) hält die Entriegelungsstange die Geschosshülle durch einen Formschluss zusammen, wie er in 4 dargestellt ist. Bis zur Freigabe ist die Höhenposition der Entriegelungsstange (Längsposition L1) festgelegt.
2. 2. bei Abschuss des Geschosses wird der Sicherungsmechanismus (Verzögerungseinrichtung 24) durch den Abschussschock entsichert (mögliche bekannte Ausführungsformen eines Sicherungsmechanismus sind bezüglich der 6 und 7 näher beschrieben).
3. 3. Es erfolgt die Freigabe des Sicherungsmechanismus insbesondere durch den anstehenden Drall (in der Regel bewegt sich ein Rotor in „In-Line-Stellung“).
4. 4. die Sicherungseinrichtung gibt die Öffnung 60 für die Entriegelungsstange frei, die sich damit in Richtung des Pfeils 38 bewegt und bei Erreichen der Längsposition L2 die Geschossaußenhülle 12 freigibt bzw. öffnet.
5. 5. nach Freigabe der Geschossaußenhülle 12 wird diese durch den Drall geöffnet und gibt die Nutzlast frei.

The functional sequence is as follows:

1. 1. until release by the safety mechanism (delay device 24th ) the unlocking rod holds the projectile casing together by a form fit, as described in 4th is shown. Until the release, the height position of the unlocking rod (longitudinal position L1 ).
2. 2. When the projectile is shot down, the safety mechanism (delay device 24th ) unlocked by the launch shock (possible known embodiments of a securing mechanism are in relation to the 6 and 7 described in more detail).
3. 3. The safety mechanism is released in particular by the pending swirl (usually a rotor moves in the "in-line position").
4. 4. The safety device gives the opening 60 for the unlocking rod, which is in the direction of the arrow 38 moved and when reaching the longitudinal position L2 the floor shell 12th releases or opens.
5. 5. after release of the outer shell of the floor 12th it is opened by the twist and releases the payload.

The delay devices 24th according to 6 and 7 are known in practice in the form of SADs with regard to their basic principle and are therefore only briefly explained:

6 shows a first variant of a delay device 24th out 5 in side view (arrow VI in 5 ). The delay device 24th is like a spherical rotor 62 executed. The ball rotor 62 has a hole 66 and is in a housing 64 .

6a shows the initial state A or hold state H . A circlip 68 prevents the ball rotor 62 in every movement. Due to the launch shock, the delay device 24th in the direction of the arrow 38 accelerated and the deceleration process V starts. The locking ring 68 due to its inertia, it gets into the 6b shown position and gives the ball rotor 62 free to move. Due to the movement dynamics of the main floor 2nd the ball rotor is aligned 62 in the in 6b position shown. As a result, the hole is aligned 66 with the central part 56 and this can go in the direction of the arrow 38 through the opening 60 into the hole 66 move. This is the delay process V completed.

7 points in the direction of the arrow VII in 5 a second variant of a delay device 24th out 5 in the form of an eccentric rotor. Here too is in one housing 64 a swivel rotor 70 in the form of a metal plate rotatable about an axis 72 eccentric to the central longitudinal axis 8th stored. The swivel rotor 70 itself has one with respect to the axis 72 eccentric focus 74 on. 7a shows the initial state again A or hold state H . The opening 60 is from the swivel rotor 70 covered (therefore indicated by dashed lines), so that the central part 56 on the swivel rotor 70 rests and not in the opening 60 can reach. Through the swirl of the main floor 2nd the focus moves 74 due to the centrifugal force in the 7b shown position, the swivel rotor 70 around the axis 72 relative to the housing 64 panned. Finally a hole is aligned 66 in the swivel rotor 70 with the opening 60 and the central part 56 can enter into this.

Ball rotor 62 and swivel rotor 70 therefore each form a locking element 76 that the central part 56 on hold H prevents from being released L to get.

Another concept, not shown in the figures, is that of an electronic “security device”: this is ultimately a combination of mechanical and electronic security. The mechanical part corresponds to a classic safety device that swivels in, for example. The electronics provide an additional release so that a programmed release time is possible.

Reference list

2nd

Carrier floor

4th

Barrel weapon

6

Run

8th

Central longitudinal axis

10th

Floor

12th

Cover

14

Circumferential surface

16

Guide band

18th

Recording room

20a-d

Shell part

22

Holding means

24th

Delay device

26

first positive locking element

28

Central part

30th

second positive locking element

32

Continuation

34

Drain plug

36

Retaining ring

38

arrow

40

Freeers

42

inner thread

44

External thread

46

Tear agent

50

Gap

52

Recess

54

web

56

Central part

58

Spring element

60

opening

62

Ball rotor

64

casing

66

drilling

68

Circlip

70

Swivel rotor

72

axis

74

main emphasis

76

Locking element

A

Initial state

H

Hold state

L

Release state

V

Delay process

L1.2

first / second longitudinal position

Claims (15)

Carrier projectile (2) for a barrel weapon (4) with a barrel (6) which extends along a central longitudinal axis (8), - with a floor (10), - with a casing (12), which in an initial state (A) is closed and connected to the floor (10), - the floor (10) and the casing (12) enclosing a receiving space (18) for a payload in the initial state (A), - with a holding means (22) and with a delay device (24) acting on the holding means (22), - the sleeve (12) having at least two sleeve parts (20a-d), - the sleeve parts (20a-d) by means of the holding means (22), which is in a holding state (H), are held together as a casing (12) in the initial state (A), and - wherein the casing parts (20a-d) are detached from one another by means of the holding means (22), if the Holding means (22) is transferred from the delay device (24) into a release state (L), - the holding means (22) assuming the release state (L) when a delay process (V) started when the carrier projectile (2) was shot in the Delay device (24) is ended, - wherein the holding means (22) and the delay device (24) are designed purely electromechanically. Carrier floor (2) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the carrier bullet (2) is a carrier bullet (2) for a barrel weapon (4) with a drawn barrel (6). Carrier projectile (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means (22) and the delay device (24) are of purely mechanical design and the deceleration process (24) is driven by a movement of the carrier projectile (2) during or after its firing . Carrier projectile (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the delay device (24) is designed without pyrotechnics and / or without stored chemical energy and / or without detonator. Carrier projectile (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the delay device (24) is designed electromechanically. Carrier floor (2) after Claim 5 , characterized in that the delay device (24) is the only electromechanical element of the supporting floor (2). Carrier projectile (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the shell parts (20a-d) have a respective first positive locking element (26) of the holding means (22), and the holding means (22) has a central part (28, 56) contains, which has a second form-locking element (30) for each of the first positive-locking elements (26) and the first (26) and second positive-locking elements (30) are in positive engagement in the holding state (H), around the shell parts (20a-d) as a shell (12) together in the initial state (A), the first (26) and second form-locking elements (30) being moved apart in the released state (L), the first (26) and second form-locking elements (30) before and during the deceleration process ( V) are held in engagement by the delay device (24) and are moved away from one another by the delay device (24) at the end of the delay process (V). Carrier floor (2) after Claim 7 , characterized in that the central part (28, 56) can be moved along the central longitudinal axis (8), a first longitudinal position (L1) corresponding to the holding state (H) and a second longitudinal position (L2) corresponding to the released state (L). Carrier floor (2) according to one of the Claims 7 to 8th characterized in that the delay device (24) contains a locking element (76) and the central part (28, 56) is spring-loaded and movable in relation to the locking element (76), the central part (28, 56) being blocked by the locking element (76 ) is held in the holding state (H) in the first longitudinal position (L1) and is released for movement into the second longitudinal position (L2) in the released state (L). Carrier floor (2) according to one of the Claims 7 to 9 , characterized in that the second form-locking element (30) is fixed in the initial state (A) by a tear-off means (46), the tear-off means (46) being releasable by the launch shock. Carrier floor (2) according to one of the Claims 7 to 10th , characterized in that the central part (28, 56) is moved during the deceleration process (V) by a movement of the support projectile (2) from the stop state (H) to the release state (L). Carrier floor (2) according to one of the Claims 7 to 11 , characterized in that at least two of the shell parts (20a, b) have a respective mandrel-like extension (32) which projects into the interior of the carrier storey (2), the extensions (32) abutting one another in the holding state (H) and at least together form part of a discharge mandrel (34), which forms part of the holding means (22), and the holding means (22) has a retaining ring (36) which engages around the discharge mandrel (34) in the holding state (H) and thus the extensions (32 ) holds against each other, the retaining ring (36) in the released state (L) being removed from the drain mandrel (34), the retaining ring (36) being held on the drain mandrel (34) by the delay device (24) before and during the deceleration process (V) and at the end of the deceleration process (V) by the deceleration device (24) is released by the mandrel (34). Carrier floor (2) after Claim 12 , characterized in that the discharge mandrel (34) extends concentrically to the central longitudinal axis (8). Carrier floor (2) according to one of the Claims 12 to 13 , characterized in that the delay device (24) contains an internal thread (42) on the retaining ring (36) and a matching external thread (44) on the discharge mandrel (34). Carrier floor (2) after Claim 14 , characterized in that the retaining ring (36) is fixed on the discharge mandrel (34) along the central longitudinal axis (8) with a gap (50) between the internal thread (42) and the external thread (44).

Images