DE102018007224B4 - Device for connecting objects, in particular for connecting bone fragments on the body, preferably extracorporeally, during a healing process - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (100) for connecting objects, in particular for preferably extracorporeal connection of bone fragments on the body during a healing process, comprising a connection assembly for connecting a pin (18) fixed to an object or bone fragment to a guide rod or tube (11), with a the guide rod or the guide tube (11) in a rotatably adjustable and fixable manner, and with a second connection module (4,5) that encompasses the pin (18) in a rotatably adjustable and fixable manner, wherein the first and second connection modules , ( 1,2;4,5) are connected via at least two joints (13,19), in particular hinge and/or tapered joints, characterized in that the at least two joints (13,19)a) have stepless rotary adjustments about different joint axes in each case and can be locked in any intermediate position, and thatb) the first connection assembly (1,2) has a block-shaped component (1) and a fork-shaped component (2), which each encompass the guide rod or the guide tube (11), the block-shaped component (1) is completely traversed by a cylindrical recess (102) perpendicular to its central plane and has a vertically projecting, cylindrical shoulder (104) on a non-penetrated end face (103), which is provided with a thread at least in the region of its free end , while the two legs (105) of the fork-shaped component (2) are each completely penetrated by a recess (110), the recess (102) of the block-shaped component (1) and the recesses (110) of the fork-shaped component (2) in an overlapping position can be brought so that the guide tube (11) can be pushed through it, but can still be displaced in its longitudinal direction, while the block-shaped component (2) can be completely pushed into the fork-shaped component by applying a tensile force to the extension (104). can be inserted, whereby in this position the central axis of the recess (102) of the block-shaped component (1) is not exactly aligned with the central axis of the recesses (110) of the fork-shaped component (2), so that the guide tube (1) is clamped immovably and immovably .

Description

The invention relates to a device for connecting objects, in particular for preferably extracorporeal connection of bone fragments on the body during a healing process, comprising a connection assembly for connecting a pin fixed to an object or bone fragment to a guide rod or tube, to a guide rod or the first connection assembly encompassing the guide tube in a rotationally adjustable and fixable manner, and having a second connection assembly encompassing the pin in a rotationally adjustable and fixable manner, the first and second connection assemblies being connected via at least two joints, in particular hinge and/or tapered joints.

Similar fixation devices have only two degrees of freedom of adjustment—that is, axes of rotation—for setting.

The DE 102 46 418 A1 relates to a connection of at least two crossed rods of a support structure stabilizing a spinal column, each with a receptacle for one of the two crossed rods, with at least one receptacle being formed in one of at least two interacting clamping pieces, each of which is in a receptacle of the rod lying on the other clamping piece in the assembled state of the clamping pieces is subjected to clamping pressure, and the clamping pieces can be adjusted towards one another and in the direction of the rods lying in the respective receptacles by means of connecting means. All the clamping pieces can be adjusted relative to one another about a single, common axis, so that all the rods can only be adjusted relative to one another in such a way that their longitudinal axes run in planes that are parallel to one another.

The document EP 2 627 273 B1 discloses a clamping device for an external fixation system. There are intermediate joints that allow a more general relative adjustment; however, these can only be locked in a few gridded relative positions. However, this has proven to be of little help in practice, because the articulated connections, which snap into place when locking in predetermined positions, cannot be exactly adapted to a desired anatomical situation. As a result, in unfavorable cases, bones cannot grow together in an optimal or desired position, but only in a suboptimal, slightly altered position. The healing process can be delayed or otherwise impaired.

The disadvantages of the prior art described result in the problem that initiated the invention, a generic device for connecting objects, in particular for preferably extracorporeal connection of bone fragments on the body during a healing process, further developing such that really any desired relative position between an on an object or bone fragment fixed pin and an external, i.e. extracorporeal guide rod or tube is possible.

To solve this problem, the invention provides that the at least two joints allow stepless rotational adjustments about different joint axes and can be locked in any intermediate position, and that the first connection assembly has a block-shaped component and a fork-shaped component, each of which encompasses the guide rod or the guide tube , wherein the block-shaped component is completely penetrated by a cylindrical recess that is perpendicular to its central plane and has a vertically projecting, cylindrical extension on a non-penetrated end face, which is provided with a thread at least in the area of its free end, while the two legs of the fork-shaped Component are each completely penetrated by a recess, wherein the recess of the block-shaped component and the recesses of the fork-shaped component can be brought into an overlapping position, so that the guide tube can be pushed through this, but is still displaceable in its longitudinal direction, while by applying a tensile force on the shoulder, the block-shaped component can be inserted completely into the fork-shaped component, in which case the central axis of the recess in the block-shaped component is not exactly aligned with the central axis of the recesses in the fork-shaped component, so that the guide tube is clamped immovably and immovably.

Preferred embodiments of the invention can be found in the appended subclaims.

1. a) Offene Frakturen mit gesicherter oder vermuteter bakterieller Kontamination;
2. b) Geschlossene Frakturen mit erheblicher Weichteilschädigung bzw. mit komplizierten Trümmerzonen.

The invention creates an important instrument for fixing a fracture without direct manipulation of the fracture itself. The basic principle of its application is to more flexibly secure the bone fragments of several optically detected units. Securing takes place via additional mounting elements using nuts/washers, pins to the object and the main fixing tube. The outer fixator is used alone or in combination with other subassemblies in the following situations:

1. a) Open fractures with proven or suspected bacterial contamination;
2. b) Closed fractures with significant soft tissue damage or with complicated comminuted zones.

• 1.) Sie weisen hervorragende Eigenschaften bezüglich der axialen Drehung und Fixierung auf.
• 2.) Jede Fixierungseinheit kann über eine zweite Ebene unabhängig eingestellt werden.
• 3.) Man kann alle Fixierungseinheiten an den Schlüsselstellungen (vorläufig) axial per Hand „vor“-fixieren und anschließend mit dem Werkzeug festdrehen. Diese Arbeitsphase erleichtert dem behandelnden Arzt die Arbeit erheblich bezüglich der optimalen Einstellung, der Variationen an der Objekt-Schnittstelle und der Sicherheit.

This novelty has a multi-stage adjustability, whereby the bone fragments can be adjusted and fixed in three independent axes of rotation and fixation levels. In the two-stage variant (second fixation level), the fixation variability is increased and further fixation combinations or units are saved considerably. This allows each bone fragment to be connected to one or more pins. The pixing interfaces feature a totally secure connection to the tube and attached pins. Several fixing units can be "linked" to the guide tube and used more flexibly depending on the situation or necessity. The pin or optionally the two pins are the connection from the object (bone fragment) to the fixation unit and vice versa. Several joints are used for this, which represent the innovation: They consist of a joint head and socket, whose geometric and manufacturing properties are of great advantage in the application:

• 1.) They have excellent axial rotation and fixation properties.
• 2.) Each fixation unit can be adjusted independently via a second level.
• 3.) All fixing units can (temporarily) be "pre-fixed" axially by hand at the key positions and then tightened with the tool. This work phase makes the treating doctor's work considerably easier with regard to the optimal setting, the variations at the object interface and safety.

Medical risks lie exclusively with the specialist doctor, such as infection of the screw holes on the object or the development of pseudoarthrosis due to fragment distraction.

Mechanical risks would be loosening of a nut of a non-ratcheted fixation unit at a set key point. With this joint innovation and geometry, however, this is only possible by using force (loosening the nuts). Other attached fixation units cannot cause loosening at the multiple axial interfaces or an external fixator. They are independent in their function and their static properties and are very reliable and stable.

The external forces along and across the fixation unit have an optimal effect on the fixation objects. The key position regarding the fixation of the guide tube and the docked pins show excellent properties (axial and linear flexibility, security) and show a reliable strength. In this regard, a practical fixation example on the thigh was simulated with a finite element model. The results are extremely satisfactory. The individual fixation units can be easily loosened and readjusted during the healing process. The prototype made of metallic material shows the main advantage of the fixation unit that the angle settings can be varied, adjusted and fixed to any angle settings in three axes. These advantages have already been simulated in a 3D technology. They show a high quality of work for the attending physician. He can optimally assemble and then fix the setting at the fracture points in the case of complicated fracture architecture, both on the longitudinal and transverse axes.

• In der Anwendung für den Arzt im Behandlungsraum bietet die Entwicklung eine flexible, sichere und optimale Handhabung. Damit können die Frakturfragmente schnell und sicher zusammen gefügt werden. Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung bisher noch nicht real erprobt wurde, stehen einige Simulations-3D-Programme zur Verfügung, die diese Realität darstellen und simulieren können,

The invention has the following advantages:

• In the application for the doctor in the treatment room, the development offers flexible, safe and optimal handling. This allows the fracture fragments to be joined together quickly and safely. Although the present invention has not yet been tested in real life, there are some simulation 3D programs available that can represent and simulate this reality,

• Eine zweistufige Variante wird nach dem „Baukastenprinzip“ durch eine einstufige Basiseinheit zu einer dreistufigen Bauform erweitert.

In contrast, the fixing units used in practice to date have only two degrees of freedom. This means that more additional instruments are needed to achieve optimal fixation. On the other hand, the third axis brings considerable advantages in terms of expansion:

• A two-stage variant is expanded according to the "modular principle" by a single-stage base unit to form a three-stage design.

• - Einfach- und/oder Doppelfixierung beim Oberschenkel und anderen Knochenarten und
• - Fixierung über das Gelenk, z. B. beim Unterschenkel und Fuß;
• - Fixierung bei Ober- und Unterarmfrakturen;
• - Fixierung von benachbarten Knochen am Unterarm (Ulna, Radius) bzw. am Unterschenkel (Tibia, Fibula);
• - Fixierung im Hand- und Mittelfußbereich;
• - Fixierung im Bereich der Wirbelsäule.

The application of the fixation units in connection with the second stage is versatile and cannot be limited or applied to only one group of objects. A space-saving and compact design is possible in various sizes. It can be optimally applied as follows:

• - Single and/or double fixation in femur and other types of bones and
• - Fixation via the joint, e.g. B. the lower leg and foot;
• - fixation in upper and lower arm fractures;
• - Fixation of neighboring bones on the forearm (ulna, radius) or on the lower leg (tibia, fibula);
• - Fixation in the hand and midfoot area;
• - Fixation in the area of the spine.

In concrete terms, this means: The fixing unit is characterized by versatile flexibility and variability. And that in both human and veterinary applications. In other words, wherever precision and safety are paramount.

Depending on the application, smaller or larger versions can be designed individually or multiple times in the fixation design and combination with other fixation units without the use of instruments and used optimally.

• Die Funktionalität der Fixierungseinheit kann nicht nur im humanen Bereich eingesetzt werden, sondern auch im industriellen Bereich (Steh- und Wandlampen, Ton- und Lichtaufnahmen und einiges mehr). Dort können preiswerte Werkstoffe (Holz, Kunststoff oder Aluminium in Spritzgussform) zum Einsatz kommen. Durch die platz- und gewichtssparende und robuste Bauweise ist der Fixierer sehr stabil und erträgt äußere mechanische Belastungen optimal, d.h. ohne Schaden zu nehmen, sowie auch ohne unerwünschte Verstellungen.

However, the fixation can also be used across adjacent joints of a person, for example between the upper and lower leg, the lower leg and the foot or, under certain circumstances, in the neck area. This innovation with the 3D geometric properties of the new fixation shows excellent and versatile application possibilities:

• The functionality of the fixation unit can not only be used in the human area, but also in the industrial area (floor and wall lamps, sound and light recordings and much more). Inexpensive materials (wood, plastic or aluminum in injection molding) can be used there. Due to the space and weight-saving and robust design, the fixer is very stable and withstands external mechanical loads optimally, ie without being damaged and without unwanted adjustments.

The invention is a necessary further development of the previously known technology.

The fixation unit is preferably made of aluminum or other materials such as stainless steel (stainless steel), particularly for industrial applications, and can also be made of titanium for medical purposes. Due to the geometry, the material properties, e.g. titanium, their surface stress and properties and the axial tensile force of the nut, it is ideally suited for such an application.

The products that have been used to date have insufficient joint properties with regard to fine adjustment in the joint and their flexibility. In addition, they only have limited variability and adjustment precision to the object in practical use.

A major disadvantage of conventional fixation units is that when conventional two-axis fixation units are fitted multiple times, additional weight components occur directly on the object in question, for example a bone fragment, and burden it.

The fixers that have been used in practice to date have significant disadvantages with regard to the "swivel joints", in particular with regard to the angular adjustment/rotation at the joint, since this takes place via a toothing on assemblies with toothed surfaces. This technical . Solution geometrically comprises a disc whose circular surface has a radial tooth pattern over its entire area. This runs from the outer to the inner circumference. Due to this interlocking, every setting becomes imprecise. This inaccuracy is transferred to the object depending on the distance of the fixation unit. It can be one or more degrees, which is not insignificant in practical use. As a result, additional fixation units have to be accepted in order to compensate for this disadvantage.

The "joints" according to the invention can be manufactured with minimal effort. Only one tool is needed to create the inclination angle of ± 15° and the desired surface quality. Other, conventional production variants such as sprockets are imprecise with regard to the angle setting on the one hand and on the other hand very complicated and expensive in the production using tools and process technology.

The greatest advantages of the fixation unit according to the invention lie in the joint geometry (head and socket) and in the area of the interfaces (multiple fixation of the guide tube and the pins). They are much faster and cheaper to produce in the automation process. The parts of the fixation unit consist of five or seven parts (stage one and two). The handling in both stage one and stage two is very simple. Due to the geometry of the joint (head, socket) and the key points (8, 20), an optimal fine adjustment is guaranteed, which is of great importance for use in accident surgery, for example.

A particular advantage of the invention is the modular structure. In this way, the fixator can be reduced to a single-stage design and can then be used as standard by the attending physician. It can be fixed to the bone at the fracture site with one or two pins. With two pins you can even position two fragments directly at the point of fracture and fix them accordingly. This means that additional fixing units can be produced in conventional designs, thereby saving weight, the number of components and costs.

On the other hand, when the pins are attached to the bone fragments/pieces, there is space for optimal adjustment and fixation.

The reduced standard fixator can easily be supplemented again to form a two-stage variant. Two geometry parts are in the foreground for this: They have the same joint geometry properties that can be expanded additively.

The advantage of the two-stage fixation variant lies in the fixation of neighboring bones and their fragments, for example the lower leg (tibia, fibula) or forearm (radius, ulna), or similar solution problems on the body.

Due to the rotation around the respective axes of the subassemblies 1 to 3, there is no risk of collision between the guide tube and the fixing parts and pins involved.

By shifting along the respective axis, the guide tube and the pins can be changed as desired when fixing.

Due to the degree of hardness and the tensile strength of titanium or a titanium alloy (depending on the alloy between approx. 300 to 1,150 N/mm ² ), the parts can be manufactured with a very small tolerance.

Thanks to the high manufacturing quality, even components that are subject to wear and tear can be used several times.

Some of the parts shown, such as the guide tube, pins, spring washers ( DIN 6797 Form A M6) and nuts ( DIN 934 A2 M6), are partly standard medical technology products and DIN standard parts that can be used in different materials, thicknesses and designs.

The advantage of the spring washer is its spring flexibility on the one hand, and on the other hand a very good friction and grip property of its "teeth" in the outer surface area.

For screw connections according to the invention, the invention recommends the use of fine threads, which have a narrower thread profile than standard threads, whereby an optimal fine adjustment and/or pre-fixing of the relevant fixing unit on a pin or guide tube or rod is possible.

Ring-shaped parts with an internal thread for screw connections according to the invention should have a hexagonal profile or the like on the outer circumference for attaching a wrench or knurling for manual, non-slip handling.

• 1.1 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer Vorderansicht;
• 1.2 eine Ansicht auf die 1.1 in Richtung des Pfeils I.II;
• 1.3 eine Ansicht auf die 1.1 in Richtung des Pfeils I.III;
• 1.4 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Vorrichtung aus 1.1, wobei die drei Drehachsen bzw. Dreh-Freiheitsgrade eingezeichnet sind;
• 2 die komplette Fixierungseinheit in einer perspektivischen Explosionsdarstellung inklusive Zubehörteile;
• 3.1 eine erste Teilbaugruppe der Fixierungseinheit vor deren Zusammenbau aus zwei einzelnen Bauteilen, nämlich einem ersten Bauteil in Form eines Blocks und einem zweiten Bauteil in Form eines diesen Block an drei Seiten umgreifenden, gabelförmigen Teils;
• 3.2 den Block und das gabelförmige Teil 2 aus 3.1 in zusammengebautem Zustand, wobei die axiale Zugkraft F₃ eingezeichnet ist;
• 3.3 die erste Teilbaugruppe in an einem Führungsrohr angebautem Zustand, wobei der Rotationsfreiheitsgrad R₁ der ersten Teilbaugruppe bezüglich der x-Achse eingezeichnet ist;
• 4.1 das Zusammenfügen der ersten Teilbaugruppe mit einem dritten Bauteil in einem Zwischenstadium, wobei die axiale Zugkraft F₃ eingezeichnet ist;
• 4.2 die erste Teilbaugruppe mit dem dritten Bauteil aus 4.1 in zu einer zweiten Teilbaugruppe vollständig zusammengefügtem Zustand;
• 4.3 eine perspektivische Darstellung der teilweise zusammengefügten Teile nach 4.1, wobei der Rotationsfreiheitsgrad R₃ des dritten, weiter angefügten Bauteils gegenüber der ersten Teilbaugruppe bezüglich der z-Achse eingezeichnet ist;
• 5.1 ein viertes Bauteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einer ersten Klemmbacke in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben;
• 5.2 das vierte Bauteil gemäß 5.1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von unten;
• 6.1 ein fünftes Bauteil als Pendant zu dem vierten Bauteil aus 5.1, umfassend eine zweite Klemmbacke in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von oben;
• 6.2 das fünfte Bauteil gemäß 6.1 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von unten;
• 7.1 das Aufstecken des vierten Bauteils mit der ersten Klemmbacke gemäß 5.1 auf einen Gewindefortsatz des dritten Bauteils, wobei die Andruckkraft F₃ gegen das dritte Teil dargestellt ist sowie der Dreh-Freiheitsgrad R₃;
• 7.2 die ersten bis vierten Bauteile nach 7.1 in vollständig zusammengefügtem Zustand;
• 8.1 das Aufstecken des fünften Bauteils mit der zweiten Klemmbacke gemäß 6.1 auf den Gewindefortsatz des dritten Bauteils, wobei die Andruckkraft F₃ gegen das vierte Teil dargestellt. ist sowie der Dreh-Freiheitsgrad R₃ in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 8.2 die ersten bis fünften Bauteile nach 8.1 in zu einer dritten Teilbaugruppe vollständig zusammengefügtem Zustand in einer der 8.1 entsprechenden Ansicht;
• 8.3 die zusammengefügten vierten und fünften Bauteile in einer Seitenansicht, als zweite Teilbaugruppe;
• 9.1 das Einlegen eines Fixierungsstiftes bzw. -pins zwischen den Klemmbacken des vierten und fünften Bauteils der dritten Teilbaugruppe gemäß 8.1 als Montage-Zwischenzustand, wobei die spätere Andruckkraft F₃ des fünften Bauteils in Richtung gegen das vierte Bauteil dargestellt ist;
• 9.2 das Einklemmen eines Fixierungsstiftes bzw. -pins zwischen den Klemmbacken des vierten und fünften Bauteils der dritten Teilbaugruppe gemäß 8.2 in fertigem Zustand;
• 10.1 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, wobei einige der durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglichten Freiheitsgrade der axialen Translation und azimutalen Rotation zwischen dem Stift bzw. Pin einerseits und dem Führungsrohr andererseits dargestellt sind;
• 10.2 die dritte Teilbaugruppe aus 10.1 in mit dem Stift bzw. Pin einerseits und dem Führungsrohr andererseits zusammengefügtem Zustand bei Arretierung mittels,Unterlegscheiben und Muttern;
• 11 eine vollständige, erfindungsgemäße Fixierungseinheit mit einer einzigen Klemmbaugruppe aus einem vierten und fünften Bauteil zum Festklemmen eines Stifts oder Pins in einer Explosionsdarstellung, als sog. „einstufige Fixierungseinheit“;
• 12 eine vollständige, erfindungsgemäße Fixierungseinheit mit zwei Klemmbaugruppen aus je einem vierten und fünften Bauteil zum Festklemmen eines Stifts oder Pins in vollständig zusammengebautem Zustand, als sog. „zweistufige Fixierungseinheit“; wobei die beiden Klemmbaugruppen in zwei unterschiedlichen Fixierungsebenen additiv auf dem dritten Bauteil montiert sind, so dass sie vor einer Arretierung gegeneinander verdrehbar sind;
• 13.1 die Verkettung bzw. den Einsatz mehrerer erfindungsgemäßer Fixierungseinheiten zusammen mit einem Führungsrohr bei Mehrfachbrüchen (femur) für eine FEM-Analyse als Anwendungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 13.2 das Führungsrohr mit den angebauten Fixierungseinheiten gemäß 13.1 in einer Vorderansicht;
• 13.3 das Führungsrohr mit den angebauten Fixierungseinheiten gemäß 13.1 in einer Seitenansicht;
• 14 das Detail XIV aus 13.1, nämlich eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, hergestellt aus V2-Stahl anstatt aus Aluminium, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.

Further features, properties, advantages and effects based on the invention result from the following description of some preferred embodiments of the invention and from the drawing. It shows:

• 1.1 a device according to the invention in a front view;
• 1.2 a view of the 1.1 in the direction of arrow I.II;
• 1.3 a view of the 1.1 in the direction of arrow I.III;
• 1.4 a perspective view of the device 1.1 , wherein the three rotation axes or rotation degrees of freedom are shown;
• 2 the complete fixation unit in a perspective exploded view including accessories;
• 3.1 a first sub-assembly of the fixing unit before it is assembled from two individual components, namely a first component in the form of a block and a second component in the form of a fork-shaped part surrounding this block on three sides;
• 3.2 the block and the forked part 2 3.1 in the assembled state, wherein the axial tensile force F ₃ is located;
• 3.3 the first subassembly in the state mounted on a guide tube, wherein the rotational degree of freedom R ₁ of the first subassembly with respect to the x-axis is shown;
• 4.1 the assembly of the first subassembly with a third component in an intermediate stage, wherein the axial tensile force F ₃ is indicated;
• 4.2 the first subassembly with the third component 4.1 in the fully assembled state to form a second subassembly;
• 4.3 a perspective view of the partially assembled parts 4.1 , wherein the rotational degree of freedom R ₃ of the third, further attached component is shown relative to the first subassembly with respect to the z-axis;
• 5.1 a fourth component of the device according to the invention with a first clamping jaw in a perspective view from above;
• 5.2 the fourth component according to 5.1 in a perspective view from below;
• 6.1 a fifth component as a counterpart to the fourth component 5.1 , comprising a second jaw in a perspective view from above;
• 6.2 the fifth component according to 6.1 in a perspective view from below;
• 7.1 the attachment of the fourth component with the first clamping jaw according to 5.1 on a threaded extension of the third component, the pressing force F ₃ against the third part being shown as well as the rotational degree of freedom R ₃ ;
• 7.2 the first to fourth components 7.1 in fully assembled condition;
• 8.1 the attachment of the fifth component with the second clamping jaw according to 6.1 on the threaded extension of the third component, with the pressing force F ₃ shown against the fourth part. 12 and the rotational degree of freedom R ₃ in a perspective view;
• 8.2 the first to fifth components 8.1 in a third subassembly fully assembled state in one of 8.1 corresponding view;
• 8.3 the assembled fourth and fifth components in a side view, as a second subassembly;
• 9.1 according to the insertion of a fixing pin or pins between the clamping jaws of the fourth and fifth component of the third subassembly 8.1 as an assembly intermediate state, with the subsequent pressing force F ₃ of the fifth component being shown in the direction towards the fourth component;
• 9.2 according to the clamping of a fixing pin or pins between the clamping jaws of the fourth and fifth component of the third subassembly 8.2 in finished condition;
• 10.1 a device according to the invention in a perspective view, with some of the degrees of freedom of the device according to the invention of the axial translation and azimuthal rotation between the pin on the one hand and the guide tube on the other hand being shown;
• 10.2 the third subassembly 10.1 in the assembled state with the pin or pin on the one hand and the guide tube on the other hand with locking by means of washers and nuts;
• 11 a complete fixation unit according to the invention with a single clamping assembly of a fourth and fifth component for clamping a pin or pins in an exploded view, as a so-called "single-stage fixation unit";
• 12 a complete fixing unit according to the invention with two clamping assemblies each consisting of a fourth and fifth component for clamping a pin or pins in the fully assembled state, as a so-called “two-stage fixing unit”; the two clamping assemblies being mounted additively on the third component in two different fixing planes, so that they can be rotated in relation to one another before they are locked;
• 13.1 the concatenation or the use of several fixing units according to the invention together with a guide tube in the case of multiple fractures (femur) for an FEM analysis as an application example in a perspective view;
• 13.2 the guide tube with the attached fixing units according to 13.1 in a front view;
• 13.3 the guide tube with the attached fixing units according to 13.1 in a side view;
• 14 the detail XIV 13.1 , namely a device according to the invention, made of V2 steel instead of aluminum, in a perspective view.

The advantages of the device 100 according to the invention can be seen in the drawing, with a single-stage device or fixing unit 100 being distinguished from a two-stage device or fixing unit 100′.

While the standard fixing unit 100 according to the 1 until 11 - hereinafter referred to as a single-stage fixing unit 100 - the definition of a single pin or pins 18 is used on a guide tube 11, with an extended fixing unit 100 'according to 12 - hereinafter referred to as a two-stage fixing unit, 100 '- two pins or pins are fixed simultaneously in different planes and in different rotational positions on a guide tube.

An inventive device 100 for connecting a pin or pins 18 with a guide tube 11 is in the 1.1 until 2 and 10.2 are reproduced in their entirety.

• In den 3.1 bis 3.3 ist zu sehen, wie ein erstes, blockförmiges Bauteil 1 und ein zweites, das erste an drei Seiten umgreifendes, gabelförmiges Bauteil 2 zu einer ersten Teilbaugruppe 101 zusammengefügt werden.

The individual components of such a device 100 according to the invention are presented in the following figures on the basis of the individual assembly steps:

• In the 3.1 until 3.3 It can be seen how a first, block-shaped component 1 and a second, fork-shaped component 2 enclosing the first on three sides are assembled to form a first subassembly 101 .

The first, block-shaped component 1 has the shape of a parallelepiped, which is completely penetrated by a cylindrical recess 102 perpendicular to a central plane. On an uninterrupted end face 103 there is a vertically projecting, cylindrical extension 104 which is provided with a thread at least in the region of its free end.

The second, fork-shaped component 2 comprises two legs 105 which are parallel to one another and which are connected to one another at their rear ends by a transverse web 106 . Both the two legs 105 and the transverse web 106 each have a flat shape, each with an inner surface 107 and an outer surface 108. All three inner surfaces 107 together define a groove-shaped depression 109, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the block-shaped assembly 1, so that the cuboid part of the block 1 without clamping, but can still be inserted into the groove-shaped recess 107 with a precise fit.

The transverse web 106 has a continuous recess 111 passing through it, in which the cylindrical extension 104 finds space when the block-shaped component 1 is inserted into the groove-shaped recess 109 of the fork-shaped component 2 . Once the block-shaped component 1 is fully inserted into the groove-shaped recess 109, the threaded end of the lug 104 protrudes from the through-recess 111, as shown in FIG 3.2 you can see.

The two legs 105 of the fork-shaped component 2 are each completely penetrated by a recess 110 whose cross section corresponds to the cross section of the recess 102 . However, when the fork-shaped component 2 is fully assembled, the central axes of these recesses 102, 110 are not exactly aligned, but are slightly offset from one another in the direction of the projection 104.

Because of this, the guide tube 11 can be pushed through largely overlapping recesses 102, 110, as is shown in 3.3 is shown. While the guide tube or the guide rod 11 can initially be displaced in its longitudinal direction and rotated in or against the direction of rotation R ₁ , they can be braced by applying a tensile force to the extension 104 , ie clamped immovably and non-rotatably.

However, the mutual bracing of the components 1, 2 does not take place directly by screwing a nut onto the threaded extension 104, but by inserting a third component 3 as an intermediate part.

• Das dritte Bauteil 3 umfasst ein etwa blockförmiges Element 112 mit einer halbzylindrischen Haube 113, die vorzugsweise konzentrisch zu der Mantelfläche 114 der Haube 113 von einer zylindrischen Ausnehmung 115 vollständig durchsetzt ist. An der der Haube 113 gegenüber liegenden Stirnseite 116 befindet sich ein lotrecht auskragender, zylindrischer Ansatz 117, der zumindest im Bereich seines freien Endes mit einem Gewinde versehen ist. Dabei kann die halbzylindrische Haube 113 von der ebenen Stirnseite 116 beabstandet sein; ein etwa würfelförmiges Übergangsstück 118 verbindet dann die Haube 113 mit der Stirnseite 116, bevorzugt derart, dass die beiden nicht in die Mantelfläche 114 der Haube 113 übergehenden Stirnseiten 119 jeweils die Gestalt eines umgekehrten U haben. Zwischen diesen beiden, etwa U-förmigen Stirnseiten 119 erstreckt sich die durchgehende Ausnehmung 115.

The third component 3 is in the 4.1 until 4.3 shown. You can see there that it - like component 1 - has a two-part structure:

• The third component 3 comprises an approximately block-shaped element 112 with a semi-cylindrical hood 113 which is preferably completely penetrated by a cylindrical recess 115 concentrically to the lateral surface 114 of the hood 113 . On the end face 116 opposite the hood 113 there is a vertically projecting, cylindrical extension 117 which is provided with a thread at least in the region of its free end. In this case, the semi-cylindrical hood 113 can be spaced from the flat end face 116; an approximately cube-shaped transition piece 118 then connects the hood 113 to the end face 116, preferably in such a way that the two end faces 119 that do not merge into the lateral surface 114 of the hood 113 each have the shape of an inverted U. The continuous recess 115 extends between these two approximately U-shaped end faces 119.

The cross section or diameter of this recess 115 is dimensioned such that the shank of the extension 104 on the first component 1 can be accommodated therein and initially a rotation in or against the direction of rotation R ₃ between the first and third components 1, 3 is possible.

On the other side of the roughly hood-shaped component 3, a washer 6 can first be pushed onto the threaded extension 104 and then a nut 7 can be screwed on. As soon as the end face 119 facing the second component 2 is pressed frictionally against the outer surface 108 of the transverse web 106, further relative rotation between these two parts is no longer possible.

In order to ensure precise centering between the outer surface 108 of the transverse web 106 on the second component 2 and the relevant end face 119 on the third component 3, the area of the end face 119 adjoining the recess 115 is provided with a circular depression 120. in which one the approach 104 surrounding annular elevation 121 on the outer surface 108 of the crossbar 106 can engage centering. The edge 122 of the annular elevation 121 can be slightly conical, preferably with a pitch angle of 15°, corresponding to a cone opening angle of 30°, and the edge 123 of the annular depression 120 can have a shape complementary thereto, i.e. with a shape corresponding to a hollow cone with a corresponding opening angle. As a result, both components 2, 3 can be automatically centered when they are assembled, and a centered position is then locked by tightening the nut 7.

The position of the annular depression 120 and the annular elevation 121 can also be reversed, i.e. in such a way that the annular depression 120 is on the component 2 and the annular elevation 121 is on the component 3.

In order to be able to further connect the device 100 to a pin or pin 18 which can be anchored, for example, in a bone or bone fragment of a patient, a fourth and fifth component 4 , 5 are plugged onto the attachment 117 of the third component 3 .

The fourth component 4 is in the 5.1 , 5.2 played back. A flat, disk-like shape can be seen there, preferably with a square or approximately square base area. The circumference 124 of the fourth component 4, which preferably consists of four flat end faces 125, separates two congruent base areas 126, 127 from one another.

A central, continuous recess 128 extends between these two base surfaces 126, 127, the inner diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the cylindrical projection 117 on the third component 3 or is slightly larger than that, so that the fourth component 4 can be plugged together with the third component 3 can. So that these two components 3, 4 are automatically centered on one another, an annular depression 129 can be provided on one of the two surfaces of these two components 3, 4 facing one another, and an annular elevation 130 can be provided on the respective component 4, 3, which fits precisely into the annular recess 129 can be used. As described above, the edges 131, 132 of these annular elements 129, 130 can be conical, for example running along a (hollow) cone, in particular along a (hollow) cone with an opening angle of 30°.

On its base surface 127 facing away from the third component 3 there is a groove-shaped depression 133, preferably with an almost semi-circular cross-section. This groove- or trough-shaped depression 133 preferably runs parallel to an end face 125 of the fourth component 4.

The fifth component 5 can have exactly the same shape as the fourth component 4 just described, i.e. the shape of a flat, square or approximately square plate with a central, continuous recess 134 in a base surface 135 and a groove- or channel-shaped depression 136 along a Front or outer edge 137.

However, these two components 4, 5 preferably differ in one feature, namely a web 138 which is present on one component 4, 5 but preferably not on the other. Such a web 138 runs on the same base surface 127, 135 as the relevant groove- or trough-shaped depression 133, 136, but is diametrically opposite the latter with respect to the central recess 128, 134. This web 138 preferably runs parallel to an end face 125, 137.

The fifth component 5 is placed after the fourth component 4 on the approach 117 of the third component 3, in such a way that the two groove-shaped or trough-shaped depressions 133, 136 face each other and there to a common recess 139 with a cross section of a complete a full circle. The pin 18 can then be inserted into the recess 139 created in this way.

First of all, the pin 18 can still be displaced in its longitudinal direction in the recess 139 or rotated about its axis by then finally pushing a washer 6 or a snap ring on the extension 117 of the third component 3 on the other side of the fifth component 5 and then a nut 7 is screwed onto it until the fourth component 4 and the fifth component 5 are pressed together, the pin 18 is clamped in its recess 139 and thereby fixed immovably.

The preferably bar-shaped elevation 138 acts as a spacer between the two components 4, 5 and ensures that they - apart from this very bar-shaped elevation 138 - do not touch each other directly, but only indirectly via the pin or pin 18 clamped in between thereby a maximum clamping force.

The arrangement just described is referred to as a "single-stage embodiment". As in 12 shown, two pairs of a fourth component 4 and a fifth component 5 can also be attached to the projection 117 of the third component 3 and held together by the nut 7 - if necessary via a snap ring arranged underneath or a washer 6 located there - against the hood-shaped part of the third component 3 is pressed and thus determined by friction. In this case, two pins or pins 18 can be fixed in different rotational positions about the longitudinal axis of the projection 117. This arrangement is then the so-called "two-stage embodiment".

Once the first and second structural elements 1 and 2 have been assembled, this subassembly can be connected to the guide rod or the guide tube 11 . It represents the articulation and the axis of rotation R _x in 3.3 in connection with the interface 8. The fixing contact surfaces practice between the first component 1 and the second component 2 in the area of this interface 8 when fixing according to FIG 3.3 and the guide tube 11 have a secure surface and friction property. This is safely applied to the fixation environment, which directly engages through the direct contact surfaces. The force F3 exerts a bending moment of area in connection with the components 1 and 2, so that there can be no deformation within the environmental tolerance of 0.2 mm and the material properties of titanium/titanium alloy or other materials or solids for the fixation. Due to the geometry, the material properties (titanium/titanium alloy) for medical applications and the traction force of F ₃ (from max. 100 to 150 N), no calculation analysis is necessary in this case. This means that the deformation of the interface 8 around the x-axis cannot be measured. These material properties are intended for an extension of the fixation unit.

• Die Bauelemente 4 (5) und 5 (6) sind in der inneren Form „annähernd“ gleich. Der Unterschied besteht darin, dass für eine optimale Anpassung der Fläche 16 gemäß 5.1 an die Fläche 17 gemäß 6.2 die Fläche 16 eine Neigung oder Verjüngung um -2,5° gegenüber der planaren Fläche 17 gemäß 6.2, aufweist. Daraus entsteht eine sichere Schnittstelle 19, wie 8.3 erkennen lässt. Wenn beide Teile 4, 5 durch die axiale Kraft F₃ zusammen angepresst werden, bilden die inneren zylindrischen Flächeneigenschaften 17 gemäß 5.1 und 6.2 für den Stift/Pin 18 eine sichere Schnittstelle (19), wie 8.3 zeigt. Damit ist im nicht fixierten Zustand eine Drehbarkeit bezüglich der z-Achse (R₃) optimal gegeben. Weitere Flächeneigenschaften der Bauelemente 4, 5 sind: Auf der unterer Seite des Teiles 4 befindet sich die Gelenkausprägung „Kopf‟ (15) und auf der oberen Seite des Teiles 5 befindet sich die Gelenkausprägung „Pfanne“ (14).

After the axial connection of the sub-assembly with the third component 3, see 4.1 and 4.2 , the joint between the components 2 and 3 is in the foreground. The joint socket 14 of the component 2 and the joint head 15 of the component 3 are freely brought together axially over a distance of approximately 0.5 mm. After the exact positioning and adjustment of 11 and 3, the parts are rotated according to the nut 7 1.4 and 2 fixed and pressed to the minimum distance. In between, a spring washer 6 is positioned on the joint socket 14 of the third component 3, cf. 4.3 . Thanks to the innovative feature of the joint, the force can be easily and optimally adjusted by hand to exercise the F ₃ force. The fine thread 12 is important for this. According to this, the distance in the second joint area 13 between the second component 2 and the third component 3 is a maximum of 0.3 mm (according to the design specification). The second articulation 13 has a peripheral edge with a conical angular property of ±15°, with an angle of +15° at the head (part 15.1) and at the socket an angle of -15° (part 9.1), so that the relevant parts are connected with zero tolerance and a surface quality of Rz2 (15.2) and (9.2) and collision freedom of 0.2 mm (9.3) and (15.3). The essential property of the articulated connection is the angle of inclination (±15°), which was optimized in numerous preliminary tests. It guarantees an optimal connection between the "head" and the "pan". The axial compressive force on the area around the joint leads to secure fixation. If the axial compressive force (F3) ceases, it can be easily released between the parts involved. Thus, the rotation of part 3 with respect to the z-axis (R ₃ ) is possible in all directions of rotation without restriction and can be adapted to the requirements. This joint property guarantees an optimal and safe way of working when fixing to an object. The inner surface quality of the geometry on the components 4, 5 in relation to the elements 16 and 18 are characterized by the following properties:

• The components 4 ( 5 ) and 5 ( 6 ) are "approximately" the same in their inner form. The difference is that for an optimal adjustment of the surface 16 according to 5.1 to the surface 17 according to 6.2 surface 16 has a slope or taper of -2.5° relative to planar surface 17, respectively 6.2 , having. This creates a secure interface 19, such as 8.3 reveals. When both parts 4, 5 are pressed together by the axial force F ₃ , the inner cylindrical surface properties 17 form according to 5.1 and 6.2 for the pen/pin 18 a secure interface (19), such as 8.3 shows. Thus, in the non-fixed state, there is optimum rotation with respect to the z-axis (R ₃ ). Further surface properties of the components 4, 5 are: On the lower side of the part 4 there is the articulation expression "head" (15) and on the upper side of the part 5 there is the articulation expression "pan" (14).

In the assembly phase according to 7 the component 4 is docked axially on the second subassembly.

The innovative joint properties of head 15 and socket 14 result in a second axial freedom of rotation with respect to the z-axis (R ₃ ), 7.1 , 7.2 and 8.3 .

The 8.1 and 8.3 show the contact pressure behavior of the third subassembly, consisting of the components 4 and 5 as a result of the force F ₃ in relation to the pin/pin 18 when fixing, in a front view.

The 9.1 and 9.2 show the contact pressure in the fixing unit after inserting the pin 18 into the third subassembly 21.

10 . shows the axial variability of tube (R) and post/pin (ST) before fixation and their rotational properties with respect to the respective axis.

11 shows the sequence of assembling the fixation unit in an exploded view.

12 shows an extension by a further subassembly, consisting of a fourth component 4 and a fifth component 5, in a second level independent of the first as a variant for adaptation to complicated applications/fixations.

Third-party products can be used as washers 6, nuts 7, pins 18 and as a guide rod or guide tube (11), provided these are available in a prefabricated form on the market. In particular, standard products can be used, such as are often purchased to complete trauma surgery operations.

13 shows a possibility of multiple fixation using the example of a thigh fracture (femur) as a model for an FEM analysis.

• - Der Pin oder Metallstift, sgn. Spin mit Gewinde, dient als Verbindung vom Fixateur extern zum Knochenfragment.
• - Als Osteosynthese-Methode bezeichnet man ein operatives Verfahren zur schnellen Wiederherstellung der vollen Funktionsfähigkeit gebrochener (frakturierter) oder auf andere Weise (z.B. durch Entzündungen) verletzter Knochen.
• - Eine Fragment-Distraktion bzw. eine Fragment- bzw. Frakturdislokation ist eine im Rahmen eines Knochenbruchs (Fraktur) entstehende Verschiebung der Knochenfragmente mit dem Resultat einer Fehlstellung.
• - Frakturen können je nach Art und Grad der vorliegenden Dislokation eingeteilt werden.
• - Als „Dislocatio ad latus“ wird eine Seitverschiebung bezeichnet.

The following terms were used above:

• - The pin or metal pin, sgn. Threaded spin, serves as a connection from the external fixator to the bone fragment.
• - The osteosynthesis method is a surgical procedure for quickly restoring the full functionality of broken (fractured) or otherwise (e.g. by inflammation) injured bones.
• - A fragment distraction or a fragment or fracture dislocation is a displacement of the bone fragments resulting from a broken bone (fracture) with the result of a malposition.
• - Fractures can be classified according to the type and degree of displacement present.
• - A lateral displacement is referred to as “dislocatio ad latus”.

Reference List

1

item

1.2

contact surface

2

item

3

item

4

item

5

item

6

standard part

7

standard part

8th

interface

9

jaw

10

joint connection

11

guide tube or rod

11.1

axial variability

12

thread

13

joint connection

14

socket

14.1

Angle of the acetabulum

14.2

surface finish

14.3

Height of the acetabulum

15

rod end

15.1

Angle of the condyle

15.2

surface finish

15.3

height of the joint head

16

reference surface

17

reference surface

18

pin, pin

18.1

axial variability

19

joint connection

20

interface

21

subassembly

22

Titanium Properties

F1

axial force with respect to the x-axis

F2

axial force with respect to the y-axis

F3

axial force with respect to z-axis

R1

Axis of rotation with respect to the x-axis

R2

Axis of rotation with respect to the y-axis

R3

Axis of rotation with respect to z-axis

100

contraption

100'

advanced device

101

first subassembly

102

recess

103

face

104

Approach

105

leg

106

cross bar

107

Inner surface

108

outer surface

109

groove-shaped recess

110

continuous recess

111

recess

112

Block shaped element

113

Hood

114

lateral surface

115

recess

116

face

117

Approach

118

transition piece

119

U-shaped face

120

circular indentation

121

circular elevation

122'

edge

123

edge

124

Scope

125

flat face

126

Floor space

127

Floor space

128

central recess

129

circular indentation

130

circular elevation

131

edge

132

edge

133

channel-shaped indentation

134

central recess

135

Floor space

136

channel-shaped indentation

137

face

138

bar-shaped elevation

139

common recess

Claims (25)

Device (100) for connecting objects, in particular for preferably extracorporeal connection of bone fragments on the body during a healing process, comprising a connection assembly for connecting a pin (18) fixed to an object or bone fragment to a guide rod or tube (11), with a the guide rod or the guide tube (11) in a rotatably adjustable and fixable manner, and with a second connection module (4,5) that encompasses the pin (18) in a rotatably adjustable and fixable manner, wherein the first and second connection modules , ( 1,2;4,5) are connected via at least two joints (13,19), in particular hinge and/or tapered joints, characterized in that the at least two joints (13,19) a) continuously variable rotational adjustments about different joint axes allow and can be locked in any intermediate position, and that b) the first connection assembly (1,2) has a block-shaped component (1) and a fork-shaped component (2), which each encompass the guide rod or the guide tube (11), the block-shaped Component (1) is completely penetrated by a cylindrical recess (102) perpendicular to its central plane and has a vertically projecting, cylindrical shoulder (104) on a non-penetrated end face (103), which is provided with a thread at least in the region of its free end while the two legs (105) of the fork-shaped component (2) are each completely penetrated by a recess (110), the recess (102) of the block-shaped component (1) and the recesses (110) of the fork-shaped component (2) can be brought into an overlapping position, so that the guide tube (11) can be pushed through it, but can still be displaced in its longitudinal direction, while the block-shaped component (2) can be completely moved into the fork-shaped one by applying a tensile force to the extension (104). component can be inserted, in which case the central axis of the recess (102) of the block-shaped component (1) is not exactly aligned with the central axis of the recesses (110) of the fork-shaped component (2), so that the guide tube (1) is clamped immovably and immovably becomes. Device (100) according to claim 1 , characterized by an intermediate part (3), between the first and second connection assembly (1,2; 4,5), which determines the relative position of two joint axes to each other. Device (100) according to claim 2 , characterized in that the two articulation axes (13,19) in the intermediate part (3) are not parallel to each other run nander, but crooked or at right angles. Device (100) according to claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the intermediate part (3) has a pivot pin or a lateral surface surrounding a pivot pin for each of the two pivot axes. Device (100) according to claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the intermediate part (3) has a flat guide surface for each of the two joint axes, which is preferably perpendicularly penetrated by the relevant joint axis. Device (100) according to claim 5 , characterized in that at least one flat guide surface of the intermediate part (3) has an annular geometry that is concentric to the hinge axis in question. Device (100) according to claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that at least one flat guide surface of the intermediate part (3) has a counterpart on the first or second connection assembly (1,2;4,5). Device (100) according to claim 7 , characterized in that at least one planar guide surface of the intermediate part (3) and/or the counterpart in question on the first or second connection assembly (1,2;4,5) has a straight, ie cylindrical or hollow-cylindrical, or preferably a conical, ie frustoconical or hollow frustoconical edge is surrounded. Device (100) according to claim 8 , characterized in that the edge around a guide surface of a pair of guide surfaces follows a convex course, the edge around the respective other guide surface of the relevant pair of guide surfaces, on the other hand, follows a concave course. Device (100) according to claim 9 , characterized in that the guide surface with a convex edge serves as a joint head and the guide surface with a concave edge as a joint socket. Device (100) according to one of Claims 8 until 10 , characterized in that the cone opening angle of the conical edge around a guide surface is equal to or greater than 5°, preferably equal to or greater than 10°. Device (100) according to one of Claims 8 until 11 , characterized in that the cone opening angle of the conical edge around a guide surface is equal to or smaller than 40°, preferably equal to or smaller than 30°, in particular equal to or smaller than 20°. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parts (1,2), which each encompass the guide rod or the guide tube (11), are guided towards one another in a direction radial to the guide rod or the guide tube (11). are adjustable. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parts (1, 2), which each encompass the guide rod or the guide tube (11), can be braced against one another in a direction radial to the guide rod or the guide tube (11). are. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second connection assembly (4, 5) has two clamping parts (4, 5) which clamp the pin (18) between them. Device (100) according to claim 15 , characterized in that a clamping part (4, 5) has a recess through which a pivot pin can reach. Device (100) according to Claim 16 ,. characterized in that the pivot pin surrounded by at least one clamping part (4,5) has a thread, so that the two clamping parts (4,5) can be clamped together by screwing a lock nut (7) onto the thread. Device (100) according to one of Claims 15 until 17 , characterized in that at least one clamping part (4, 5) has a molded-in receptacle for inserting the pin (18), preferably a depression which is shallower than the radius of the pin (18) to be inserted. Device (100) according to one of Claims 15 until 18 , characterized in that at least one clamping part (4, 5) is designed as a double-armed lever, with the recess receiving a pivot pin serving as a bearing point, with the receptacle for inserting the pin (18) marking the first lever arm, which the second lever arm diametrically in Reference to the bearing opposite. Device (100) according to claim 19 , characterized in that on the second lever arm of a clamping part (4.5) the other clamping part (5.4) facing elevation is arranged so that the two base planes of the plattenför shaped clamping parts (4.5) are approximately parallel to each other when the pin is inserted. Device (100) according to one of claims 2 until 20 , characterized in that a first and a second connection element. (1,2,4,5) and one or more intermediate parts (3) can be connected to one another. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a joint (13,19) there is an axial compressive force between the joint head (3,4) and joint socket (2,3,5), whereby the relative alignment of the joint (13 ,19) is fixed, and also its relative rotational position via a frictional connection caused by the compressive force. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims for medical purposes, characterized in that it consists of titanium or titanium alloy. Device (100) according to one of Claims 1 until 22 for industrial purposes, characterized in that it consists of a metal, preferably aluminum or a copper alloy, or of a fibre-reinforced polymer material and/or of carbon fibres. Device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be dismantled into individual parts and reassembled.

Images