DE102018006280A1 - Energy storage for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy store (10) for a motor vehicle, having at least one memory cell (20) designed to store electrical energy, which cell housing (22) and at least one venting device (24) for venting the cell housing (22), and with a lid (14) arranged in overlap with the storage cell (20), wherein the venting device (24) is covered towards the lid (12) by a U-profile (32) fastened to the lid (14), which on its own abuts U-profile (32) subsequent portions (36) of the lid (14) to the venting device (24) protrudes.

Description

The invention relates to an energy store for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such energy storage for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, for example, is already the DE 10 2008 059 971 A1 to be known as known. The energy store has at least one memory cell, by means of which or in which electrical energy or electrical current can be stored. The memory cell has a cell housing and at least one venting device for venting the cell housing. In addition, the energy storage comprises a cover arranged in overlap or overlap with the memory cell.

Object of the present invention is to develop an energy storage of the type mentioned in such a way that a particularly safe operation can be realized.

This object is achieved by an energy store having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

In order to develop an energy storage specified in the preamble of claim 1 species such that a particularly safe operation can be realized, it is according to the invention provided that the venting device towards the lid by, for example, separately formed by the lid and attached to the lid, in particular with the cover welded, U-profile is covered. The U-profile is simply referred to as a profile and stands by itself to the U-profile subsequent portions of the lid to the venting down. The U-profile is a thermal protection element, which is provided only locally. This is to be understood in particular that the cover, which is designed, for example, as a battery-housing cover, is provided with the thermal protection element or with thermal protection elements only at the location or only at such locations, which is or are facing the venting device or venting devices of respective storage cells of the energy storage device. As a result, the lid itself can be made particularly delicate and thus space-saving and weight-favorable.

In particular, the invention is based on the following finding: When the memory cell is vented, a fluid, for example formed as a gas or comprising at least one gas, emerges from the cell housing. The fluid can have a particularly high temperature and, for example, when the thermal protection element is not provided, directly flow to the cover or the point of the cover facing the ventilation device, thereby heating up very strongly. As a result, the lid may begin to glow, or the fluid may even burn a hole in the lid. However, this can now be avoided by means of the thermal protection element. In other words, the lid is protected by means of the U-profile from direct exposure to the fluid and thus from excessive heating, so that excessively high temperatures of the lid and a passage of the fluid through the lid can be avoided. This is particularly advantageous when the memory cell, which is for example part of a cell module, as a so-called hardcase cell, that is designed as a fixed-housing cell whose cell housing is intrinsically stiff or dimensionally stable. Since, according to the invention, the cover is locally protected by means of the thermal protection element, the cover does not have to be excessively thick or excessively solid, so that the cover can be configured in terms of weight, installation space and cost. As a result, the weight and cost of the energy storage can be kept to a minimum overall. Furthermore, high variability in the selection of the material from which the lid is made can be realized, so that the cost and the weight can be kept in a particularly small frame. In addition, compared to a direct loading of the lid with the fluid, a desired function of the lid is retained longer, in particular in the event of an accident, thermal propagation, venting of the cell housing and / or short circuit of the memory cell.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the figure description and / or alone in the single figure can be used not only in the respectively indicated combination but also in other combinations or alone, without the frame to leave the invention.

The drawing shows in the single FIGURE in fragmentary form a schematic side view of an energy storage device according to the invention for a motor vehicle.

The single FIGURE shows a detail of a schematic and sectional side view of an energy storage 10 for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle such as a passenger car. The motor vehicle is designed for example as an electric or hybrid vehicle and, in its completely manufactured state, has at least one electric machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be electrically driven. For this purpose, the electric machine is operated in a motor operation and thus as an electric motor. In order to operate the electric machine in the engine operation, the electric machine is supplied with electrical energy or electric current, or in the energy storage 10 is stored.

energy storage 10 may have an electrical voltage, in particular an electrical operating voltage, which is for example 3.5 volts, in particular 4 volts. In particular, the electrical voltage may be at least 3.5 volts or more than 3.5 volts. The electrical voltage can be for example at least 48 volts. In order to be able to realize particularly large electrical powers for the electrical driving of the motor vehicle, the energy store is designed, for example, as a high-voltage component. As a result, the energy store 10 an electrical voltage, in particular an electrical operating voltage, which is greater than or equal to 48 volts, in particular greater than 50 volts, and is preferably several hundred volts. For example, the energy storage 10 as a battery, in particular as a high-voltage battery (HV battery) is formed. The energy storage 10 has a in the figure only partially recognizable housing 12 on, which is not shown in the figure, a housing part and, for example, separately formed from the housing part and connected to the housing part cover 14 having.

The lid 14 is also referred to as a housing cover. The housing part limits a receiving space 16 the housing part at least partially, wherein the receiving space 16 also partially through the lid 14 is limited. The housing part itself, for example, has a passage opening 18 on, by which components of the energy storage 10 moved through and thus into the recording room 16 can be moved into it. By means of the lid 14 is the passage opening 18 locked.
In the recording room 16 are for example memory cells of the energy storage 10 arranged, so that the memory cells are, for example, the aforementioned components or belong to the components of the memory cells in the figure, a designated 20 memory cell is partially visible. The memory cell 20 is for example a battery cell, in particular a lithium-ion cell. The previous and following comments on the memory cell 20 can be easily transferred to the other memory cells and vice versa.

The memory cell 20 has a cell case 22 which is preferably dimensionally stable or intrinsically rigid. In the cell case 22 For example, storage means for storing electrical energy or electrical current are arranged so that in or by means of the memory cell 20 electrical energy can be stored. The storage means comprise at least or exactly two electrodes of different polarity and, for example, one, in particular liquid, electrolyte in which the electrodes are at least partially accommodated, for example.

For example, as a result of a thermal event in the memory cell 20 For example, a fluid can be formed from the electrolyte which is, for example, a gas or at least comprises a gas. The thermal event is for example due to a short circuit of the memory cell 20 caused, the short circuit may result, for example, from an accident of the motor vehicle. By the emergence of the fluid increases in the cell housing 22 prevailing pressure. To an excessive, in the cell case 22 To avoid prevailing pressure, the memory cell 20 one the lid 14 facing venting device 24 for venting the cell housing 22 on. From the Fig. It can be seen that the lid 14 the cell case 22 and in particular the venting device 24 overlapped or covered. The venting device 24 includes, for example, at least one in the cell housing 22 trained passage opening 26 and at least one through hole 26 initially occluding bursting element 28 ,

The bursting element 28 is for example a bursting membrane or a rupture disk. With increasing amount of fluid increases in the cell housing 22 prevailing pressure. Exceeds in the cell housing 22 prevailing pressure a limit, so fails, especially bursts, the bursting element 28 , This gives the bursting element 28 the passage opening 26 at least partially free, so that at least a portion of the fluid flow through the portion and thus from the cell housing 22 emanate and its surroundings and thus in the recording room 16 can flow. That over the partial area from the cell housing 22 Outflowing fluid is designated in the figure with 30.

The fluid has a very high temperature. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a very hot flame from the cell housing over the shared portion 22 exit. The fluid is also called Hot gas called. If no appropriate measures are provided, then the hot gas or the flame can cover 14 apply directly and thus heat up strongly.

In order to be able to ensure a particularly safe operation, the venting device 24 , in particular the passage opening 26 , to the lid 14 through a functioning as a thermal protection U-profile 32 covered, which thus between the venting device 24 , in particular the passage opening 26 , and the lid 14 , in particular one of the venting device 24 facing point S of the lid 14 , is arranged. The U-profile 32 is separate from the lid 14 trained and attached to this. For this example, the U-profile 32 at least one or more contact points 34 or contact points with the lid 14 connected. In particular, the U-profile 34 forming at least one or more weld points at the contact points 34 with the lid 14 be welded. Other types of connection with the lid 14 , in particular at the contact points designed as connection points, are possible, such as, for example, injection in plastic, riveting, screwing and / or gluing.

As can also be seen from the figure, stands the U-profile 32 by itself to the U-profile 32 subsequent subareas 36 of the lid 14 to the venting device 24 down. It is at least a part T to the venting device 24 out of a part B of the lid 14 spaced, such that between the parts T and B partly through the U-profile 32 and partly through the lid 14 limited cavity 38 is formed. In the cavity 38 is for example, especially exclusively, taken in air. Furthermore, it is conceivable that in the cavity a different from air, in addition to the lid 14 and in addition to the U-profile 32 provided thermal insulation material is arranged.

Overall, it can be seen from the figure that the U-profile 32 as thermal protection above the bursting element 28 and above the passage opening, also referred to as venting opening 26 arranged while on the lid 14 is appropriate. The lid 14 and / or the U-profile 32 are for example made of electrically non-conductive ceramics, high-temperature resistant plastics or metallic materials, in particular of a steel. Here, for example, the U-profile 32 by means of individual welding points 34 on the lid 14 welded, since the welding points (contact points) 34 a low heat transfer from the U-profile 32 to the lid 14 generate and thus the lid 14 additionally protect against excessive heat input. The lid 14 is only local with the U-profile 32 provided so that the lid 14 in itself very filigree and thus can be constructed with a smaller wall thickness. The thermal protection element allows targeted protection of the lid 14 against a local thermal and from the venting of the cell housing 22 resulting load. Venting is also referred to as venting.

The example in the cavity 38 absorbed air is used for further isolation of the lid 14 , Furthermore, it is conceivable the cavity 38 to be filled with for further isolation light, thermally stable insulation materials such as glass and / or rock wool, especially glass and / or Steinwollematten.

In the figure, C is a thermal stress of the U-profile 32 illustrated. This thermal stress C results from the venting and thus from the fact that now the U-profile 32 and not the lid 14 is directly applied to the hot gas or the flame. Overall, it can be seen that the lid 14 can be protected by the thermal protection element against excessive thermal stress. In other words, prevents the U-profile 32 , in particular its special form, the direct thermal contact of the hot gas or the flame with the lid 14 , The Square Distance Law proves that the greater the distance of the lid 14 to the venting device 24 or to the fluid 30 is, the better the lid 14 protected against excessive thermal stress. The thermal protection element brakes the thermal radiation and prevents direct contact of the fluid 30 with the lid 14 , This ensures a particularly safe operation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

energy storage

12

casing

14

cover

16

accommodation space

18

Through opening

20

memory cell

22

cell case

24

vent

26

Through opening

28

bursting

30

fluid

32

U-profile

34

contact point

36

subregion

38

cavity

B

part

C

thermal stress

S

Job

T

part

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008059971 A1 [0002]

Claims (4)

Energy storage device (10) for a motor vehicle, having at least one memory cell (20) designed to store electrical energy, which cell housing (22) and at least one venting device (24) for venting the cell housing (22), and with an overlapping the memory cell (20) arranged lid (14), characterized in that the venting device (24) to the lid (12) through a cover (14) fixed U-profile (32) is covered, which from itself to the U Profile (32) subsequent portions (36) of the lid (14) to the venting device (24) protrudes. Energy storage (10) after Claim 1 , characterized in that by the U-profile (32) and the lid (14) is a venting device (24) to the lid (14) towards the covering cavity (38) is limited. Energy storage (10) after Claim 2 , characterized in that in the cavity (38) a thermal insulation material is arranged. Energy store (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the U-profile (32) with the lid (14) is welded.

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