DE102018005926A1 - Textile traction and / or suspension means and method for producing textile traction and / or suspension means - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to textile traction and / or suspension elements and methods for the production of textile traction and / or suspension elements Traction sheaves are used, can be provided and manufactured. For this purpose, the textile traction and / or suspension means has a braided fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, a sheath layer on the braided fiber rope and an agent on and / or in the sheath layer as a secondary load-bearing component, which in the event of and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component Component is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element. The breaking strength of the agent is at least 12.5% of the breaking force of the braided fiber rope and the mass fraction of the agent is less than 30% of the mass fraction of the braided fiber rope.

Description

The invention relates to textile traction and / or suspension elements and methods for producing textile traction and / or suspension elements.

Through the publication DE 699 07 581 T2 is known a construction of ropes and in particular a braided construction, which is particularly suitable for ropes with a large diameter, which are made of synthetic fiber materials with low elongation. For this purpose, a plurality of fibers are twisted together to form a plurality of twisted yarns, a plurality of twisted yarns are braided together to form a plurality of braided strands, and a plurality of braided strands are braided together to form a large diameter braided rope. The rope braided in this way has no lubricant.

A wire rope with plastic integrated into the rope structure is through the publication DE 20 2015 106 536 U1 known, wherein the wire rope consists of wires made of metal and has a plastic insert and / or a plastic sheathing that contains at least one friction-reducing additive. Wire ropes have a large rope mass, which significantly reduces the useful mass, especially with long conveying lengths, and may require the use of undersides in traction sheave lifts. Ropes with a sheath extrusion layer contain small amounts of lubricant in order to avoid sheath shifts due to the friction-reducing effect and gassing due to the lubricant. This significantly reduces the service life compared to optimally lubricated ropes.

The publication contains a rope with core strands and sheath strands DE 20 2010 013 519 U1 , The rope has at least one sensor module for detecting strain or breakdown loads, which has at least one electrically conductive sensor element.

The object of the invention specified in claims 1, 12 and 13 is to provide and manufacture textile traction and / or suspension means for use in cable drives, in which traction sheaves are used in particular.

This object is achieved with the features listed in claims 1, 12 and 13.

The textile traction and / or suspension elements and their manufacture are distinguished in particular by the fact that they can be provided and manufactured for use in rope drives in which traction sheaves are used in particular.

For this purpose, the textile traction and / or suspension element has a braided fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, a sheath layer on the braided fiber rope and an agent on and / or in the sheath layer as a secondary load-bearing component, which in the event of and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component Component is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element. The breaking strength of the agent is at least 12.5% of the breaking force of the braided fiber rope and the mass fraction of the agent is less than 30% of the mass fraction of the braided fiber rope.

The conditions of the breaking forces and proportions of the mass are present as the initial state, particularly in the manufacture and thus in the new state, and must be largely complied with during the implementation. The breaking strength of the agent is at least 12.5% and thus greater than 12.5% and less than / equal to 100% of the breaking force of the braided fiber rope and the mass fraction of the agent is less than 30% and thus greater than 0 and less than 30% of the mass fraction of the braided fiber rope.

In a first embodiment of a manufacture of a textile traction and / or suspension element, fibers and / or fiber strands are braided with at least one material that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a braided fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, the braided fiber rope with a monolithic sheath layer, the braided fiber rope with the monolithic sheath layer with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the braided fiber rope and the material and / or object for thermal fixation of the braided fiber rope and a means by laying, twisting, braiding, Mesh formation or circular weaving of synthetic fibers and / or synthetic fiber strands applied as a secondary load-bearing component. For this purpose, the monolithic casing is designed such that it does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field.

• - Flechten von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen und wenigstens einem lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand zur Ausbildung eines geflochtenen Faserseils als primär lasttragende Komponente, wobei der Gegenstand mindestens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einen im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff aufweist und/oder der Gegenstand aus einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff besteht und/oder der Gegenstand als elektrischer Leiter mindestens einen mit durch Erwärmung aktivierbaren Stoff besitzt,
• - Ummanteln des geflochtenen Faserseils mit einer monolithischen Mantellage, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt,
• - Beaufschlagen des geflochtenen Faserseils mit der monolithischen Mantellage mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des geflochtenen Faserseils und Stoffes und/oder Gegenstands zur thermischen Fixierung des geflochtenen Faserseils und
• - Aufbringen eines Mittels durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente.

In a second embodiment, a textile traction and / or suspension element is manufactured by

• - Braiding fibers and / or fiber strands and at least one elongated and / or ribbon-shaped object to form a braided fiber rope as a primary load-bearing component, the object having at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a substance that can be activated in an alternating magnetic field, and / or Object consists of a substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field and / or Object as an electrical conductor has at least one substance that can be activated by heating,
• Sheathing the braided fiber rope with a monolithic sheath layer which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field,
• - Acting on the braided fiber rope with the monolithic sheath layer with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the braided fiber rope and fabric and / or object for thermal fixing of the braided fiber rope and
• - Application of an agent by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or circular weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component.

The activatable fibers and / or substances and / or objects are not water-based, since water leads to a change in the mechanical properties. This can be done, for example, by embedding in the molecular chains and by gassing during jacket extrusion using water vapor. Thus, only substances that can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field are introduced into the traction and / or suspension means, which remain completely in the traction and / or suspension means even after activation. For this purpose, the substance can advantageously be a rope lubricant.

Thanks to the multi-layer rope construction and the manufacturing process, textile traction and / or suspension elements can fully meet the requirements in traction drives. Applications can in particular be those in which traction sheave lifts or traction sheave winches are used. The textile traction and / or suspension means can thus be used as hoisting ropes in conveyor applications.

Another advantage is that the local drainage of the primary load-bearing component due to material fatigue leads to a load transfer to the secondary load-bearing component. As a result, the surface topology changes, which is visible from the outside and thus indicates the maturity of the traction and suspension element.

To heat the braided fiber rope and / or the material and / or the object, at least one source of electromagnetic waves with a frequency equal to or greater than 300 MHz to less than or equal to 20 GHz and / or an alternating electromagnetic field with a frequency equal to or greater can advantageously be used 300 MHz to or less than or equal to 6 MHz can be used.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 11 and 14.

The residual breaking strength of the agent is greater than and / or after failure of the braided fiber rope according to the development of claim 2 than the maximum permissible strand load of the textile traction and / or suspension element.

According to the further development of patent claim 3, the agent is formed from a connection of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers. The respective fibers and / or the respective fiber strands are connected to one another by laying, twisting, braiding, circular weaving or by forming stitches.

The modulus of elasticity of the fibers of the agent is smaller than the modulus of elasticity of fibers of the braided fiber rope according to the development of claim 4. The agent absorbs almost no traction in normal operation. This mechanical behavior is achieved by a lower modulus of elasticity of the fiber compared to the braided fiber rope.

The pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the agent is, according to the development of claim 5, greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the braided fiber rope. The agent absorbs almost no traction in normal operation. This mechanical behavior is achieved by a larger pitch angle (lay angle or braid angle) compared to the braided fiber rope.

At least one sensor element for detecting the breakage of the braided fiber rope is or are located in the braided fiber rope and / or in the jacket layer and / or in the middle according to the development of claim 6. A local outflow of force from the braided fiber rope can lead to its breakage and the sensor element implemented therein, which can be detected in this way. In addition, the sensor element can also be designed such that mechanical and / or geometric property changes of the sensor element itself can be detected. For this purpose, the sensor element can be connected, for example, to a resistance measuring device and / or an optical, acoustic and / or electrical transit time measuring device.

According to the development of claim 7, the braided fiber rope has at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the jacket layer is a monolithic and the electromagnetic Shafts and / or the layer layer not shielding the alternating magnetic field. The object can also be a fiber yarn.

According to the development of claim 8, the braided fiber rope has at least one elongated and / or ribbon-shaped object made of or with rope lubricant and / or a substance which can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field. The lubricant can thus be located inside the fiber strands and / or between the fibers and / or between the fiber strands and / or in the middle of the braided fiber rope. The carrier can consist of yarns with synthetic, mineral, ceramic or natural threads or of metallic wires, which thus stores the lubricant during the sheathing process.

According to the development of patent claim 9, the fiber material and / or the material and / or at least one additive in the material has or have a relative permittivity or relative permittivities greater than five. The respective substance can thus be activated electromagnetically. In this way, substances can be used as substances that are solid or highly viscous at room temperature. These can be waxes and fats, for example, or also fibrous materials as solid lubricants. For example, metallic or plastic-containing additives can be used as additives. Exposure to the activatable substances in the rope with electromagnetic waves can thus easily lead to a targeted and defined heating of the core rope to a material-dependent temperature level, in each case including from 120 ° C to 230 ° C.

In addition, the monolithic jacket layer can advantageously consist of a plastic, the relative permittivity of which has a permittivity lower than that of the electromagnetically activatable lubricant and is therefore heated less quickly.

The fibers and / or the substance and / or the object has or have 10 particles and / or bodies made of electrically conductive materials. In particular, these can be particles of graphite and / or at least one metal. For example, nanotubes, also known as nanotubes, can be introduced as the body.

According to the development of claim 11, the braided fiber rope has at least one electrical conductor.

The developments of claims 10 and / or 11 advantageously result in the material being able to be heated by means of an electric field. For this purpose, the braided fiber rope provided with the jacket layer can be passed through an inductor connected to a generator, so that the braided fiber rope can be heated continuously.

The textile traction and suspension element is covered with a monolithic layer according to the development of claim 14.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in principle in the drawings and is described in more detail below.

• 1 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel,
• 2 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit langgestreckten Gegenständen mit einem Seilschmierstoff,
• 3 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit langgestreckten Gegenständen mit einem Seilschmierstoff im Querschnitt und
• 4 ein textiles Zug- und/oder Tragmittel mit verteiltem Seilschmierstoff im Querschnitt.

Show it:

• 1 a textile traction and / or suspension element,
• 2 a textile traction and / or suspension element with elongated objects with a rope lubricant,
• 3 a textile traction and / or suspension element with elongated objects with a rope lubricant in cross section and
• 4 a textile traction and / or suspension element with distributed rope lubricant in cross section.

In the following exemplary embodiment, a textile traction and / or suspension element and method for producing textile traction and / or suspension element are explained in more detail together.

A textile traction and / or suspension element essentially consists of a braided fiber rope 1 as a primary load-bearing component, a jacket layer 2 on the braided fiber rope 1 and an agent 3 on the coat layer 2 as a secondary load-bearing component.

The 1 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element in a basic representation.

The middle 3 consists of a connection of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers, which are connected to each other by laying, twisting, braiding, circular weaving or stitch formation. Furthermore, the remedy 3 formed so that it is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension means when and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component, the breaking strength of the means 3 at least 12.5% of the breaking strength of the braided fiber rope 1 is and the mass fraction of the agent 3 less than 30% of the mass fraction of the braided fiber rope 1 is. In addition, the residual breaking strength of the agent 3 with and / or after failure of the braided fiber rope 1 greater than the maximum permissible load of the textile traction and / or suspension element and the elastic modulus of the Fibers of the agent 3 smaller than the modulus of elasticity of fibers of the braided fiber rope 1 , For this purpose, the pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the agent can 3 greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the braided fiber rope 1 his. In the braided fiber rope 1 , in the jacket layer 2 and / or on average 4 can or can at least one sensor element 4 for the detection of the break of the braided fiber rope 1 are located.

The 2 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element with an electromagnetically activated lubricant in a basic representation.

• - Flechten von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen mit wenigstens einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder in einem magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff zur Ausbildung eines geflochtenen Faserseils 1 als primär lasttragende Komponente,
• - Ummanteln des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 mit einer monolithischen Mantellage 2, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt,
• - Beaufschlagen des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 mit der monolithischen Mantellage 2 mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 und des Stoffes zur thermischen Fixierung des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 und
• - Aufbringen eines Mittels 3 durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente.

In one embodiment, the braided fiber rope has 1 at least one substance and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field. This can also be a fibrous material per se or a combination with the material and / or the object. The coat layer 2 is a monolithic and non-shielding the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field 2 , There is a

• - Braiding fibers and / or fiber strands with at least one material that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a braided fiber rope 1 as a primary load-bearing component,
• - Sheathing the braided fiber rope 1 with a monolithic layer 2 which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field,
• - Acting on the braided fiber rope 1 with the monolithic layer 2 with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the braided fiber rope 1 and the material for thermal fixation of the braided fiber rope 1 and
• - Application of an agent 3 by laying, twisting, braiding, stitching or circular weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component.

The fibrous material and / or the material and / or at least one additive in the material and / or article can have a relative permittivity or relative permittivities greater than five in order to achieve electromagnetic heating.

The 3 shows a textile traction and / or suspension means with elongated objects 5 with a rope lubricant in cross section in a basic representation.

• - Flechten von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen und wenigstens einem lang gestreckten und/oder bandförmigen Gegenstand 5 zur Ausbildung eines geflochtenen Faserseils 1 als primär lasttragende Komponente, wobei der Gegenstand 5 mindestens einen mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder einen im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff aufweist und/oder der Gegenstand 5 aus einem mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder im magnetischen Wechselfeld aktivierbaren Stoff besteht und/oder der Gegenstand 5 als elektrischer Leiter mindestens einen mit durch Erwärmung aktivierbaren Stoff besitzt,
• - Ummanteln des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 mit einer monolithischen Mantellage 2, welche die elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder das magnetische Wechselfeld nicht abschirmt,
• - Beaufschlagen des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 mit der monolithischen Mantellage 2 mit elektromagnetischen Wellen und/oder dem magnetischen Wechselfeld zur Erwärmung des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 und des Stoffes und/oder des Gegenstands 5 zur thermischen Fixierung des geflochtenen Faserseils 1 und
• - Aufbringen eines Mittels 3 durch Legen, Verdrehen, Flechten, Maschenbildung oder Rundweben von Fasern und/oder Faserlitzen als sekundär lasttragende Komponente realisiert werden und damit sein.

The braided fiber rope 1 in a further embodiment has at least one elongated and / or band-shaped object 5 from or with an activatable substance. This can also be a fibrous material per se or a combination with the material and / or the object 5 his. The textile traction and / or suspension means can

• - Braiding fibers and / or fiber strands and at least one elongated and / or ribbon-shaped object 5 to form a braided fiber rope 1 as a primary load-bearing component, the object 5 has at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a substance that can be activated in the alternating magnetic field and / or the object 5 consists of a substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field and / or the object 5 as an electrical conductor has at least one substance that can be activated by heating,
• - Sheathing the braided fiber rope 1 with a monolithic layer 2 which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field,
• - Acting on the braided fiber rope 1 with the monolithic layer 2 with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the braided fiber rope 1 and the substance and / or the object 5 for thermal fixation of the braided fiber rope 1 and
• - Application of an agent 3 by laying, twisting, braiding, stitching or circular weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component and thus be.

The 4 shows a textile traction and / or suspension element with distributed rope lubricant in cross section in a basic representation.

The substance of the exemplary embodiment can in particular be a lubricant 7 his.

In addition, the substance can have particles and / or bodies made of electrically conductive materials.

In a further embodiment, the respective agent 3 a monolithic location 6 exhibit.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 69907581 T2 [0002]
• DE 202015106536 U1 [0003]
• DE 202010013519 U1 [0004]

Claims (14)

Textile traction and / or suspension element, characterized in that the textile traction and / or suspension element is a braided fiber rope (1) as a primary load-bearing component, a jacket layer (2) on the braided fiber rope (1) and a means (3) on and / or in the jacket layer (2) as a secondary load-bearing component, which is the load-bearing component of the textile traction and / or suspension element when and / or after failure of the primary load-bearing component, that the breaking strength of the means (3) is at least 12 .5% of the breaking strength of the braided fiber rope (1) and that the mass fraction of the agent (3) is less than 30% of the mass fraction of the braided fiber rope (1). Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 1 , characterized in that the residual breaking strength of the means (3) during and / or after failure of the braided fiber rope (1) is greater than the maximum permissible strand load of the textile traction and / or suspension element. Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 1 , characterized in that the means (3) is formed from a connection of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers and / or of fiber strands made of synthetic fibers and / or mineral fibers, the respective fibers and / or the respective fiber strands being laid by twisting , are connected by braiding, by circular weaving or by stitch formation. Textile traction and / or suspension means according to Claims 1 and 3 , characterized in that the elastic modulus of the fibers of the medium (3) is smaller than the elastic modulus of fibers of the braided fiber rope (1). Textile traction and / or suspension means according to Claims 1 and 4 , characterized in that the pitch angle of the fibers and / or fiber strands of the means (3) is greater than the pitch angle of fibers and / or fiber strands of the braided fiber rope (1). Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 1 , characterized in that in the braided fiber rope (1) and / or in the jacket layer (2) and / or in the middle (3) there is or are at least one sensor element (4) for detecting the breakage of the braided fiber rope (1). Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 1 , characterized in that the braided fiber rope (1) has at least one substance and / or object (5) which can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field and that the sheath layer 2 does not have a monolithic and the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field shielding layer (2). Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 7 , characterized in that the braided fiber rope (1) has at least one elongated and / or ribbon-shaped object (5) made of or with rope lubricant and / or a substance which can be activated by electromagnetic waves and / or an alternating magnetic field. Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 7 , characterized in that the fibrous material and / or the material and / or at least one additive in the material and / or object (5) has or have a relative permittivity or relative permittivities greater than five. Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 7 , characterized in that the fibers and / or the fabric and / or the object (5) has or have particles and / or bodies made of electrically conductive materials. Textile traction and / or suspension means Claim 7 , characterized in that the braided fiber rope (1) has at least one electrical conductor as an object. Process for the production of a textile traction and suspension element with the following steps: - Braiding fibers and / or fiber strands with at least one material and / or object that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field to form a braided fiber rope (1) as a primary load-bearing component, - sheathing the braided fiber rope (1) with a monolithic sheath layer (2) which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field, - Acting on the braided fiber rope (1) with the monolithic jacket layer (2) with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the braided fiber rope (1) and the material for thermal fixing of the braided fiber rope (1) and - Application of an agent 3 by laying, twisting, braiding, stitch formation or circular weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as a secondary load-bearing component. A method for producing a textile traction and suspension element with the following steps: a) braiding fibers and / or fiber strands and at least one elongated and / or ribbon-shaped object (5) to form a braided fiber rope (1) as a primary load-bearing component, wherein - the object (5) has at least one substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or a substance that can be activated in an alternating magnetic field and / or - the object (5) consists of a substance that can be activated with electromagnetic waves and / or in an alternating magnetic field and / or - the object as electrical conductor has at least one material which can be activated by heating, b) sheathing the braided fiber rope 1 with a monolithic sheath layer (2) which does not shield the electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field, c) applying the braided fiber rope (1) with the monolithic jacket layer (2) with electromagnetic waves and / or the alternating magnetic field for heating the braided fiber rope (1) and material and / or object for thermal fixing of the braided fiber rope and d) applying an agent (3) by laying, twisting, braiding, Stitching or round weaving of fibers and / or fiber strands as secondary The load-bearing component. Procedure according to Claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that the textile traction and suspension element is coated with a monolithic layer (6).

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