DE102018005321A9 - Rotor locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

Rotor locking device for locking a rotor shaft of a stepper motor, a servo motor or a servomotor or generally for locking an input / output shaft of a machine unit, with a magnetic ring coil (10) which, when deactivated, as a result of pre-tensioned compression springs (15), a locking segment (14), in a limit position two, with a stroke movement (H) brings into gear meshing with a toothing / hub (3) and brings about the rotor locking, and when the magnetic ring coil (10) is activated, a switching ring (6) with a magnet armature disk attached to it due to the magnetic force (7) executes the lifting movement (H) in the opposite direction, releases the toothing engagement of the locking segment (14) with the toothing / hub (3) and thus a free rotor rotation occurs again, with a driver ring on the circumference of the switching ring (6) resting against it corresponding driver assumes the same shape on all locking segments (14) to thus the lifting movements - is designed with a front toothing (3), a concentrically arranged around the support axis (8) shaped ring receptacle (9) with several movably received locking segments (14), the shaped ring receptacle (9) a corresponding number of incorporated longitudinal guides for receiving the Has locking segments (14), wherein the toothing (3) can be brought into engagement with locking segments (14) in order to lock the rotor shaft, and wherein a systematically offset association between the toothing (3) and the locking segments (14) is provided so that in every possible rotational position of the rotor shaft when the locking segments (14) are lifted, at least one or, in a limit position, two adjacent locking segments (14) as a locking segment pair can be brought into engagement with the toothing (3), with a corresponding number of locking segments (14) is arranged distributed over the circumference of the molded ring receptacle (9) that in the limit position of the two engaging Spe rrsegmente (14) symmetrically from the one and the other locking segment (14) starting in both directions of rotation, the further locking segments (14) are arranged offset from one another by a remaining play (s), and a magnetic ring coil (10) held concentrically in the molded ring receptacle (9) for actuating the locking segments (14), with all locking segments (14) performing a reciprocating function by deactivating the magnetic ring coil (10) in the direction of engagement with the toothing (3), so that the at least one locking segment (14) exposed for engagement or the pair of locking segments can be brought into locking engagement with the toothing (3), and so that all of the remaining locking segments (14) are pressurized against the toothing (3), with all locking segments (14) having return springs (15), and with the rotor Locking device as an add-on unit for a stepper motor, a servo motor or a servomotor or for attachment to another machine unit it is executed.

Description

The invention relates to a rotor locking device according to patent specification DE 10 2015 006 040 B4 , with a form-fitting, rotational position-independent holding torque, in particular as an add-on unit for stepper motors, servo motors such as servomotors, with an actuation that takes place by activating an electric ring magnet, which is changed in this way by activating it by deactivating an electric ring magnet in a reverse function , wherein a spring pressure force of a return spring brings about the locking of the rotor.

The prior art also includes the patent referred to DE 10 2015 006 040 B4 the patent specification DE 10 2012 011 970 B4 , as well as the (basic) invention referred to by both of them according to patent specification DE 103 00 491 B4 .

This patent also contains DE 10 2015 006 040 B4 In the description, details [0014] that a rotor locking device also appears to be realizable in a reverse function.

A disadvantage of the invention referred to after DE 10 2015 006 040 B4 consists in that the activation of the electric ring magnet takes place at the greatest stroke distance immediately on all locking segments, with an effective magnetic force having a weaker effect.

In addition, only one of the locking segments (in the limit position two) will continue to execute the stroke path in the toothing engagement, with the magnetic force acting on this segment to a certain extent.

A general disadvantage of such devices as related to the prior art DE 10 2015 006 040 B4 The main thing is that, when triggered, there is no immediately occurring locking engagement of a locking toothing in any rotational position.

A solution is sought by means of appropriately molded tooth tips, so that an axial insertion force triggers a slight rotation via a tangential component and thus brings about a regulation in the angular position for free engagement; the tangential component overcomes an existing residual or standstill torque.

Due to the function, this process will impair positioning accuracy, for example for servo actuators.

The aim of the invention is to create a rotor locking device which, in a reverse function, enables rotor locking when such an electric ring magnet is deactivated, and a specific disadvantage as described above is to be avoided.

A solution made in this way opens up further fields of application, for example for a safety standstill lock or for a backstop in stepper motors as well as in servo drives for actuating devices with a corresponding idle torque.

Further applications arise in the field of hydraulic and pneumatic motors, as well as for other rotors of a general type, for attachment to a wide variety of machine units.

In addition, solutions in the field of automotive electric motor drive technology are conceivable, for example for a safety and standstill blocking device for such drives without conventional gears.

The referenced rotor locking device according to patent specification DE 10 2015 006 040 B4 is, as already mentioned above, fundamentally based on a (basic) invention according to patent specification DE 103 00 491 B4 “Seat belt locking device” for motor vehicles, which essentially has the special gear system for coupling moments under any rotational position.

This shows drawing 1 and 2a the underlying special gear system for the direct coupling of torques under any rotational position; a detailed description of this only follows below.

1

Innenring;

2

Arretierstift;

3

Verzahnung/Nabe;

4

Lagerbuchse;

5

Scheibe;

6

Schaltring;

7

Magnetankrscheibe;

8

Tragachse;

9

Formringaufnahme;

10

Magnetringspule;

11

Deckring;

12

Lagerhulse;

13

Achsscheibe;

16

Führungsrohr;

17

Hüllrohr;

18

Deckflansch;

19

Arretierstift;

20

Spannschraube;

21

Deckscheibe.

drawing 4th - 7th shows an embodiment of such a solution according to the invention of a rotor locking device in reverse function, the basic parts for this are listed and designated as follows:

1

Inner ring;

2

Locking pin;

3

Toothing / hub;

4th

Bearing bush;

5

Disc;

6th

Switching ring;

7th

Magnet armature disk;

8th

Support axle;

9

Form ring holder;

10

Magnetic ring coil;

11

Bezel;

12

Bearing sleeve;

13

Axle washer;

16

Guide tube;

17th

Cladding tube;

18th

Cover flange;

19th

Locking pin;

20th

Clamping screw;

21st

Cover disk.

(Possible assembly in the order of the part numbering as well as the assembly of the completed unit.)

4th shows a rotor shaft that has a toothing / hub 3 carries, which is in engagement with a corresponding toothing of a relevant locking segment 14th is - if before, when deactivating an electric ring magnet 10 , a switching ring 6th with a magnet armature disk 7th executes the stroke (H) as a return stroke as a result of pretensioned compression springs15, and thus the rotor is locked (see also 7th Cutting position B - C)

The storage of the switching ring 6th on the hub projection of the toothing / hub 3 enables a sliding movement for the stroke (H) and a rotary movement for the rotor at the same time.

The switching disk 6th In this solution, it consists of a plastic that can be used for plain bearings, also because of the low acceleration mass of plastics.

A driver ring on the circumference of the switching ring 6th has a system against corresponding drivers of the same shape on all locking segments 14th , and thus enables the transfer of the lifting movements.

In a reversal, when the ring magnet 10 is activated, the stroke (H) is executed so that a relevant (in limit position two) blocking segment 14th is brought out of the meshing of the teeth, with which a lock is released and free rotor rotation occurs.

The execution of the lifting movements in connection with the switching ring 6th has the advantage that when the ring magnet is attracted 10 the full magnetic force is initially only applied to one locking segment 14th affects, which is thus brought out of gear engagement.

• - Verzahnungseingriff - Sperrsegment 14 - Formringaufnahme 9 - Tragachse 8 - Deckflansch 18 - Führungsrohr 16 mit Spannschrauben 20 - Innenring 1 - Rotor/Stator-Gehäuse; das Führungsrohr 16 ist hierbei durch Arretierungsstift 2,19 gesichert.

The holding torque is transmitted as follows:

• - Gear meshing - locking segment 14th - Form ring holder 9 - support axle 8th - cover flange 18th - guide tube 16 with turnbuckles 20th - inner ring 1 - rotor / stator housing; the guide tube 16 is secured here by locking pin 2.19.

On the axis 8th there is a bearing sleeve at one end 12 that have a radial bearing with the plain bearing bush in the hub protrusion of the toothing / hub 3 forms, whereby a concentric recording and support is given.

On the axis 8th there is also the molded ring holder 9 with magnetic ring coil incorporated therein 10 , as well as a final bezel 11 , it is in a hole in the cover flange 18th added with residue, so that a screw connection of these parts between the axle washer 13 and cover plate 21st a prestress builds up, which creates a corresponding fixed restraint for the otherwise freely cantilevered support axis 8th results.

drawing 5 shows only an alternative design with regard to the termination between the cover flange 18th and cladding tube 17th .

drawing 6th shows in section position -A- the special tangential guide with shaped ring mount 9 and locking segments guided therein 14th with an arrangement of the compression springs 15th .

The solution using a guide tube16 instead of an otherwise useful die-cast housing is used for flexible production of prototypes as well as small series.

• Das Führungsrohr 16 wird im Sichtbereich auf die Verzahnung entsprechend verkürzt und erhält im Deckflansch 18 eine entsprechende Fixierung, der Außendurchmesser wird entsprechend verringert.

The solution also offers an easy visual inspection of the function of the gear meshing in prototypes, as simple changes are possible:

• The guide tube 16 is correspondingly shortened in the visible area of the toothing and is retained in the cover flange 18th a corresponding fixation, the outer diameter is reduced accordingly.

The support is now provided by thin-walled precision tubes (semi-finished products), which in this respect are fitted with the clamping screws on the inside 20th record, a recording for this is made in parts 1 and 18 in the support area.

• Hierzu wird eine mögliche Fertigung vorgeschlagen mithilfe einer speziellen „Passdorn-Spannvorrichtung“, die ein fertig-verzahntes Fertigdrehteil aufnimmt, womit anschließende Trennschnitte zur Aufteilung in Segmente sowie eine Fertigbearbeitung erfolgen.

In addition, the locking segments are difficult and expensive to manufacture 14th with their intermeshing as a result of these requirements, a special meaning

• For this purpose, a possible production is suggested with the help of a special "mandrel clamping device", which takes a fully toothed finished turned part, with which subsequent separating cuts for division into segments as well as a finish machining take place.

The following is a more detailed description of the functions based on the patent specification DE 103 00 491 B4 based on the accompanying drawings 1 to 2a-e which are incorporated into the present description of the invention to this extent.

drawing 1 shows the cutting position -A- of the development 2a and the two relevant locking segments -3- in what is known as the limit position. This development also shows the arrangement and sequence of all locking segments -3-, their segments 1 and 2 are in engagement as a pair of segments and the rotor is locked accordingly.

This basic function is first of all that all locking segments -3- as a result of the activation of the ring magnet make a stroke movement in the direction of tooth engagement, with one locking segment -3- always engaging with the toothing -4- in any rotational position.

If, however, a limit position is reached at the time of intervention, the two relevant and adjacent locking segments -3- as a segment pair immediately carry out this locking process.

The description continued below relates to the solution part of the invention with the description already provided herein, and to this extent also with reference to patent specification DE 103 00 491 B4 and their drawings, which are adopted by this.

With the axle 8th The molded ring mounts are positively connected for torque transmission 9 who have favourited the electric ring magnet 10 as well as the bezel flange18.

The molded ring holder 9 has a corresponding number of incorporated longitudinal guides to accommodate the locking segments 14th . These guide the electromagnetically actuated stroke of the ring magnet 10 from just a few millimeters.

The rotor shaft has a toothing / hub 3 , the functions and design of which will be described in the following, corresponding gears are provided with the locking segments for engagement 14th .

The toothing 3 and those of the locking segments 14th are designed for systematic interaction in such a way that in every possible rotational position of the rotor at least one immediately - in the limit position ( 2a) two - the locking segments 14th , when the ring magnet is deactivated 10 , and thus with a return stroke version, comes into engagement and the rotor is locked.

The holding torque will then emanate from the rotor and the transmission of the moment forces is thus ensured by means of the toothing engagement in a form-fitting and therefore reliable manner in a compact add-on unit in the smallest of spaces.

All lock segments 14th have a return pressure spring 15th to after deactivating the ring magnet 10 execute the lifting movement (H) and lock the rotor.

The lock segments 14th which do not come into engagement in such a locking position and an overlapping position ( 1 - 2a-e ) on the toothing 3 occupy, are brought to the printing system by the spring force in this position.

The overlap-free engagement of one - or in the border position two - locking segments -3- is made possible by the corresponding number of these segments being distributed over the circumference in such a way that in the illustrated border position of the two engaging locking segments -3- ( 2a) , starting symmetrically from one segment as well as from the other segment, in both directions of rotation the other segments are arranged offset from one another by a “residual clearance”.

This game -s- is therefore of crucial importance for the corresponding function in both directions, as can be seen and understood from the continuous representation of the entire processing of all blocking segments -3- from 1 to 14 present in the example. ( 2a-e )

This required "residual play" requires a corresponding residual rotation of the rotor when a segment and not immediately a pair as in the borderline case comes into play, the effect of which, depending on the design and size, does not have to be more than one degree of residual rotation, as in this example 0.6 °, in the limit position both adjacent segments immediately engage as a pair and there is no residual play or residual rotation on the rotor.

Any further rotation in one direction or the other leaves either the corresponding adjacent segment free with greater leeway for an intervention, or accordingly the other adjacent segment in the other direction of rotation, as can be seen and understood from the development shown.

The so-called limit position of two always adjacent locking segments -3- as a segment pair moves or rotates continuously with the corresponding rotation of the rotor, with a 360 ° sequence of the circumferential path of a pitch -T- on the toothing -4- or the rotor corresponds.

It should be noted in particular that although at least one segment -3- is always immediately available in any rotational position for the engagement without overlap, the second adjacent, more or less overlapping segment -3- subsequently also engages due to an extremely slight rotation required comes.

This can be supported in its effect by working on the tooth flanks with corresponding lead-in bevels as marked with angle -α- (only qualitative).

• Die mit Winkel -α- gekennzeichneten Einführungsschrägen können mit einer „Fasenbreite“ ausgeführt werden, die im Betrag dem Spiel -s- (Versatz) oder auch 1,5 s entspricht, in einem Winkel von vorzugsweise α = 45°, sodass nebenliegende Segmente auf diesen Fasenflächen sich abstützen und darauf gleiten können.

A drawing shows this 3 Drainage conditions for practically implemented lead-in chamfers (not shown in limit position), as described below:

• The lead-in chamfers marked with angle -α- can be designed with a "chamfer width" that corresponds to the amount of play -s- (offset) or 1.5 s, at an angle of preferably α = 45 °, so that adjacent segments these bevel surfaces can be supported and slide on them.

In practice, however, in most cases there is no complete engagement of a segment pair in the limit position ( 2a) enter.

Therefore, the segments in question, which are located next to the already engaging segment on both sides, support themselves more or less in an overlapping position on the bevel surfaces. ( 3 )

If the required rotation is then extremely slight, depending on the residual play present, these segments will inevitably slide on the correspondingly inclined bevel surfaces, directed inwards on one side and outwards on the other opposite side at the same time, until an engagement in the limit position below the side Flank contact is reached.

For the practical application, however, it is of crucial importance that - with the underlying special toothing system, in any rotational position, a segment already comes into load-bearing engagement.

• wenn die Winkelgeschwindigkeit in den betreffenden Toleranzgrenzen im Betrag sich dem Wert -0- nähert, sodass ein Stillstand eintritt oder unmittelbar bevorsteht,
• wenn der Schritt eines Schrittmotors abgeschlossen ist und Stillstand eintritt,
• wenn die Winkelgeschwindigkeit eines Schrittmotors in den Toleranzgrenzen im Betrag sich dem Wert -0- nähert, sodass ein Stillstand unmittelbar bevorsteht.

An optimal release time of the lock can be determined by means of a corresponding sensor system, for example via electronic speed pickups, so that timing can also take place with the aid of a processor and the lock is released:

• if the angular velocity approaches the value -0- within the relevant tolerance limits, so that a standstill occurs or is imminent,
• when the step of a stepper motor is complete and standstill occurs,
• if the angular speed of a stepper motor within the tolerance limits approaches the value -0-, so that a standstill is imminent.

The design can be varied by choosing the remaining play -s-, the number of segment pairs, in this example a = 7 ( 2a) , etc. change and adapt in the dimensions taking into account the load-bearing capacity.

This structure enables a varied design in that the number of locking segments and the number of tooth engagements provided on them per segment, in the example with z _s = 3, are adapted accordingly to the requirements.

Advantages of the invention and explanation:

In the example shown, a residual play with s = 0.40 mm with a = 7 segment pairs corresponding to 14 locking segments with a corresponding pitch T = 2.80 mm was selected for a small residual rotation (in the limit position always 0 °). (T = a × s)

The one with the drawings ( 2a - e) The present systematic processing of the toothing ratios enables the sum of all pitches -T- to be determined, as can be determined in the example with the total number A = 86, with which the outer circumference (A x T) and from this the diameter of the toothing, in this example with Dz = 76.68 mm, is given and all other dimensions for a production are available.

An equation that can be derived from this with Dz = 4a ² s (z _s + ½a) / π enables the outside diameter of varied toothings to be determined in advance and the further dimensions to be determined.

(-a- number of locking segment pairs; -s- backlash or remaining backlash; -z _s - number of teeth / locking segment)

• Zum Beispiel Restspiel s = 0,80 mm (s = 0,85 mm; s = 0.90mm) bei a = 5 Segmentpaaren mit 10 Sperrsegmenten, mit der dementsprechenden Teilung T = 4,00 mm (T = 4,25 mm; T = 4,50 mm) und zs = 3 Zahneingriffe/Sperrsegment, hierzu ergibt der Verzahnungsaußendurchmesser Dz = 78,98 mm ( Dz = 83,92 mm; Dz = 88,85 mm ).

A likely meaningful remaining game can be z. B. advantageously by a correspondingly varied design as follows:

• For example, remaining play s = 0.80 mm (s = 0.85 mm; s = 0.90mm) with a = 5 segment pairs with 10 locking segments, with the corresponding pitch T = 4.00 mm (T = 4.25 mm; T = 4.50 mm) and zs = 3 tooth meshes / locking segment, this results in the external tooth diameter Dz = 78.98 mm (Dz = 83.92 mm; Dz = 88.85 mm).

• Restspiel s = 1,0 mm; Segmentpaare a = 5 (10 Sperrsegmente); Teilung T = 5,0 mm; Zahnbreite (2a) B = T - s = 4,0 mm; Zahneingriffe/Segment zs = 5; Verzahnungsaußendurchmesser Dz = 162,4 mm; max. Restdrehwinkel δ = 0,71° (Grenzstellung 0°)

The one with a drawing 4th - 7th according to the present invention rotor locking device in a reverse function is z. B. carried out with the following, larger selected specifications and values:

• Residual play s = 1.0 mm; Segment pairs a = 5 (10 blocking segments); Pitch T = 5.0 mm; Face width ( 2a) B. = T - s = 4.0 mm; Tooth engagement / segment zs = 5; Tooth external diameter Dz = 162.4 mm; Max. Remaining angle of rotation δ = 0.71 ° (limit position 0 °)

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102015006040 B4 [0001, 0002, 0003, 0004, 0006, 0013]
• DE 102012011970 B4 [0002]
• DE 10300491 B4 [0002, 0013, 0032, 0036]

Claims (1)

There are no claims.

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