DE102018003174A1 - Storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage device (10) for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, having a housing (12) having a receiving space (14), in the receiving space (14) a plurality of outer peripheral round memory cells (16, 18) for storing the electrical Energy are received, and with a cooling device (20), by means of which in the receiving space (14) a cooling liquid can be introduced, by means of which the outside circumference directly to be cooled by the cooling liquid storage cells (16, 18) are to be cooled.

Description

The invention relates to a storage device for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such a memory device for storing electrical energy or electric current for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, is already for example already EP 1 139 483 A1 to be known as known. The storage device in this case comprises a housing, which has a receiving space or limited. In addition, the memory device comprises a plurality of outer peripheral side round memory cells for storing the electrical energy. The memory cells are accommodated in the receiving space of the housing. In addition, the storage device comprises a cooling device, by means of which a cooling liquid can be introduced into the receiving space, by means of which the outer peripheral side to be cooled directly by the cooling liquid storage cells.

In addition, the disclosed DE 10 2015 013 377 A1 a tempering device for a battery system, with a cuboid hollow body with at least one connection device for supplying a separately tempered fluid.

The object of the present invention is to further develop a memory device of the type mentioned at the outset such that the memory cells can be cooled particularly advantageously.

This object is achieved by a memory device having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

In order to develop a storage device specified in the preamble of claim 1 type such that the memory cells can be cooled particularly advantageous, it is provided according to the invention that a cooling device is provided for the memory cells in a receiving space having a housing, wherein in the receiving space more , Circumferentially round memory cells are accommodated for storing the electrical energy, this cools directly by means of a cooling liquid, in which the memory cells are flowed around by the cooling liquid. This cooling liquid can be introduced into the receiving space in a known manner.

In this case, the cooling device has a sealing element which delimits a part of the receiving space around the storage cells as a cooling area with respect to the remaining receiving space, whereby a part of the receiving space outside the cooling areas is also excluded as collecting area of a cooling liquid.

Furthermore, the cooling device has a first separating element arranged in the cooling region of the receiving space, which surrounds the storage cells and delimits the cooling region of the receiving space around the storage cells into a first cooling region and a second cooling region, so that a first part of the storage cells is arranged in the first cooling region and second part of the memory cells is arranged in the second cooling area.

Also, a pumping device of the cooling device is provided, by means of the cooling liquid can be conveyed through the cooling areas, wherein at deactivated pump coolant from the cooling areas can at least partially collect in the collecting area or can pass from the cooling areas in the collecting area.

The sealing element may be integrally formed as a housing or sub-housing or also in several pieces, for example as plates, which cooperate with other components to effect a delimitation of the cooling area.

According to the invention, the memory cells arranged in the receiving space can be subdivided, for example, into a first group and into a second group, wherein each group comprises a plurality of memory cells which are known to be stacked on the peripheral sides and each of these groups of memory cells has cooling regions delimited from the receiving space by a separate sealing element.

The cooling liquid, which is also referred to as coolant, cooling fluid or cooling medium, can be conveyed through the cooling regions by means of a pump as a pumping device, which is preferably part of a part of the cooling device arranged outside the housing, so that the cooling fluid flows through the cooling regions and thereby seals the in The storage cells arranged on the respective cooling regions directly on the outside circumference and flow around and thus contacted directly. This allows a particularly effective heat transfer from the storage cells to the cooling liquid, so that the memory cells can be cooled particularly advantageous. In order to convey the cooling liquid through the cooling areas, the pump is activated, that is in operation.

In the collecting area, the cooling liquid, which can be conveyed through the cooling areas by means of the pump or is conveyed through, can collect when the pump is deactivated. In other words, that will be the first activated pump is deactivated, so that the effected by the pump pumping of the cooling liquid through the cooling areas, so flow at least respective parts of the cooling liquid, which were pumped through the cooling zones with activated pump, from the cooling areas in the collecting area and accumulate in the collecting area , Thus, the collection area is, for example, fluidly connected to the cooling areas. In this case, openings in the delivery circuit of the cooling devices towards the collection area may favor such collection. However, simply the seals and in particular the sealing elements towards the storage cells, which delimit the cooling regions, may not be quite tight, but instead allow a flow of cooling liquid between the sealing element and the storage cells. However, this flow rate is substantially lower than a volume flow which flows through the cooling area in the case of an activated pump, so that the leakage on a coolant flow for cooling the cooling areas has essentially no influence.

If, for example, the initially deactivated pump is then activated again, the pump conveys at least the aforementioned parts of the cooling liquid from the collecting areas into the cooling areas and through them. By way of example, the cooling liquid has a first level or a first fill level in the respective cooling region, while the cooling liquid has a second level or a second fill level, for example in the collecting region. When the pump is deactivated, the first level is greater than when the pump is deactivated, and when the pump is activated, the second level is lower than when the pump is deactivated. When the pump is deactivated, the first level is lower than when the pump is activated, and when the pump is deactivated, the second level is greater than when the pump is activated. The collecting area is a space arranged next to and / or around the groups, which is used as an expansion tank integrated in the housing or in the storage device, so that the use of an additional compensation tank external to the storage device or to the housing can be avoided. As a result, the number of parts, the weight and the cost of the storage device can be kept particularly low.

The cooling liquid is preferably an electrically non-conductive liquid such as a fluorinated liquid or a silicone oil. As a result, the cooling liquid can directly flow and flow around the memory cells on the outer peripheral side, without resulting in electrical short-circuits. In this case, the receiving space is only partially or completely filled with the cooling liquid. For example, to be able to keep low in the receiving space, in particular in the cooling areas, amount of cooling liquid and thus the cost and weight of the memory device, it is provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that the cooling device provided in addition to the memory cells and in the Has cooling bodies arranged displacement body for displacing the cooling liquid.

It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the respective displacement body are designed as guide elements for guiding the cooling liquid. In other words, the displacement body, the cooling liquid, in particular their flow, whereby a particularly advantageous flow can be realized. In particular, the flow is conducted so that each, also referred to as cell memory cells receives the same coolant temperature and thus cooling capacity on average. As a result, very good cooling properties can be realized. Furthermore, an at least substantially homogeneous coolant temperature distribution at the cells can be ensured.

The respective memory cell is designed, for example, as a battery cell, so that the memory device can be designed, for example, as a battery, in particular as a high-voltage battery (HV battery). In particular, it is conceivable that the storage device is designed overall as a battery, in particular as a high-voltage battery. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the memory device according to the invention is designed as a module for such a battery, in particular a high-voltage battery, wherein the completely produced high-voltage battery may comprise a plurality of such modules.

The invention is based in particular on the knowledge that, for example, memory cells designed as battery cells should be cooled with a high charge or discharge power in order to be able to ensure high performance. Due to the electrical voltage can usually be carried out no direct cooling of the respective cell with water and / or glycol or other electrically conductive fluids, otherwise it could lead to electrical short circuits. In addition, usually a surge tank inside or outside of the housing is used. In addition, electrically non-conductive liquids are often relatively heavy and expensive. The aforementioned disadvantages and problems can be avoided by means of the storage device according to the invention, wherein requirements for individual cell seals can be kept low. The respective group is, for example, a so-called cell block, which is arranged in the respective cooling region and, for example, at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, enclosed by the respective guide element. Of the Outside the guide elements and thus arranged outside the cooling areas collecting area is used as a compensating volume and thus as an integrated surge tank. If the pump is deactivated, then the cooling liquid can at least partially flow out of the cooling areas and flow into the collecting area and thus sink, for example, into the collecting area, in particular due to gravity. By way of example, the cooling regions are designed to be so dense that an effective flow of the cooling liquid through the cooling regions is possible by means of the pump and no significant leaks impair such an advantageous flow. Nevertheless, when the pump is deactivated, the cooling fluid can at least partially escape from the cooling areas and flow into the collecting area and thus sink into the collecting area.

The respective guide element is designed for example as a plate. The respective plate may contain fillers and / or filling areas so as to keep the respective cooling area, in particular its cooling volume, as small as possible, at the same time ensuring advantageous cooling. As a result, the weight of the storage device can be kept in a particularly small frame.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures alone can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without the scope of To leave invention.

• 1 eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Speichereinrichtung zum Speichern von elektrischer Energie beziehungsweise elektrischem Strom für ein Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere für einen Kraftwagen;
• 2 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht der Speichereinrichtung mit zwei alternativen Ausführungen;
• 3 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Explosionsansicht der Speichereinrichtung;
• 4 eine schematische Perspektivansicht eines Leitelements der Speichereinrichtung,
• 5 eine weitere schematische Perspektivansicht des Leitelements;
• 6 eine schematische und geschnittene Seitenansicht des Leitelements;
• 7 eine schematische Schnittansicht der Speichereinrichtung bei aktivierter Pumpe zum Fördern einer Kühlflüssigkeit; und
• 8 eine schematische Schnittansicht der Speichereinrichtung bei deaktivierter Pumpe.

The drawing shows in:

• 1 a schematic perspective view of a memory device according to the invention for storing electrical energy or electric current for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle;
• 2 a fragmentary sectional view of the memory device with two alternative embodiments;
• 3 a fragmentary schematic exploded view of the memory device;
• 4 a schematic perspective view of a guide element of the memory device,
• 5 a further schematic perspective view of the guide element;
• 6 a schematic and sectioned side view of the guide element;
• 7 a schematic sectional view of the storage device with activated pump for conveying a cooling liquid; and
• 8th a schematic sectional view of the storage device with deactivated pump.

In the figures, the same or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a storage device 10 for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle. How very good in conjunction with 2 is recognizable, for example, as a battery, in particular as a high-voltage battery (HV battery) formed memory device 10 a housing 12 which is a recording room 14 has or limited. The motor vehicle is designed for example as an electric or hybrid vehicle and has at least one electric machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be electrically driven. Therefore, the electric machine is also referred to as a traction machine. In order to drive the motor vehicle by means of the electric machine, the electric machine is in the storage device 10 stored electrical energy supplied. Therefore, the storage device becomes 10 Also referred to as a traction storage, especially as a traction battery.

In the recording room 14 are several outer peripheral side round memory cells 16 and 18 taken for storing the electrical energy, wherein the memory cells 16 and 18 also referred to as round cells. Of course, the preceding and following embodiments can also be readily applied to such memory cells which have any desired or different shape on the outer peripheral side, that is, which outer peripheral side can have a different shape from a round shape. In the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the memory cells are 16 and 18 The outer circumference is cylindrical and consequently each have the shape of a straight circular cylinder.

The storage device 10 also includes a cooling device 20 , by means of which in the recording room 14 a cooling liquid, also referred to as coolant, cooling fluid or cooling medium, can be introduced. By means of the cooling liquid, the outer peripheral side can be flowed around directly by the cooling liquid storage cells 16 and 18 to cool. In other words, a direct cooling is provided in the framework of which the receiving space 14 flowing coolant the memory cells 16 and 18 outside circumference directly on and flows around and thus touched directly. This allows a particularly advantageous heat transfer from the memory cells 16 and 18 to the coolant. Also called the cell housing 12 includes, for example, passages for at least one negative HV connection, for at least one positive HV connection and / or for other elements and / or fluids. In particular, at least one inlet is provided, via which the cooling liquid into the receiving space 14 can be introduced. Further, at least one outlet is provided, via which the cooling liquid from the receiving space 14 can be dissipated. In addition, at least one Zellmesskarten signal stretchers is provided. Furthermore, bursting points for degassing the receiving space 14 be provided.

Especially good 2 can be seen that - to a particularly advantageous cooling of simply referred to as cells memory cells 16 and 18 to be able to realize - the cooling device 20 in the recording room 14 arranged separating elements 22 . 22a . 24 having. The separating elements 22 . 22a . 24 are in the cooling area between the sealing elements 32 arranged around the memory cells around and define therein each a first cooling area 26 and a second cooling area 28 , in each of which a part of the memory cells 16 . 18 is arranged.

Here are in the 2 show two different embodiments simultaneously, which can come individually or as shown combined to use a cooling device. On the left side of 2 is a first embodiment of the separating element 22 for a group of memory cells 16 representing the cooling area 26 . 28 between the sealing elements 32 in exactly two cooling areas, the first cooling area 26 and the second cooling area 28 divided. On the right side of the 2 is a second embodiment of the separating element 24 for a group of memory cells 18 representing the cooling area 26 . 28 between the sealing elements 32 divided into four cooling areas, wherein the separating element 22a according to the function in the first embodiment, the cooling area in a first cooling area 26 and the second cooling area 28 divided, but the separator 24 just two of these separators 22a and thus includes the first embodiment in duplicate in one.

Thus, the second embodiment also simply represents the possibility of being in a separating element 24 in itself more of the separating elements according to the invention 22 . 22a show and thus further subdivide the cooling of the memory cells. Also conceivable are several more of these separators 22 . 22a in a separating element 24 so that it can be more than two.

The following is only on the separator 22 Reference, whereby at the same time a separating element 24 , respectively 22a , or a subdivision, not shown, according to the idea of the invention.

The respective separating element 22 For example, acts as a cell receptacle made of a plastic, in particular of a foamed plastic. The respective separating element 22 can generate a single or a multiple flow chamber and serves for the flow deflection and displacement of the cooling liquid, as will be explained in more detail below.

In synopsis with 1 it can be seen that in the recording room 14 arranged first separating element 22 the memory cells, also referred to as first memory cells 16 surrounds and thereby a first cooling area 26 and a second cooling area 28 limited, which is particularly good 7 is recognizable. The first memory cells 16 thus form a first group or a first cell block, wherein a part of the first memory cells 16 in the first cooling area 26 are arranged and a part of the first memory cells 16 in the second cooling area 28 are arranged. That in the recording room 14 arranged second separating element 22 surrounds the memory cells, also referred to as second memory cells 18 and limits a first cooling area 26 and a second cooling area 28 in which the second memory cells 18 are arranged. The second memory cells 18 form a second group or a second cell block, wherein a part of the second memory cells 18 in the first cooling area 26 are arranged and a part of the second memory cells 18 the second cooling area 28 are arranged.

Especially good 7 it can be seen that by means of the in the receiving space 14 arranged separating elements 22 the recording room 14 in the cooling areas 26 and 28 and at least one outside the cooling areas 26 and 28 and thus outside of the separating elements 22 arranged collection area 30 is divided. Further, for example, a pump, not shown in the figures, is provided, which is part of the cooling device 20 can be. If the pump is activated, that is, the pump is in operation, so by means of the pump, the cooling liquid through the cooling areas 26 and 28 promoted through. If the pump is deactivated so that the coolant no longer flows through the cooling areas due to the pump 26 and 28 is promoted, so the cooling liquid, previously by means of the activated pump through the cooling areas 26 and 28 was promoted, at least partially from the cooling areas 26 and 28 flow out and into the collection area 30 pour in and gather there. Thus, the collection area acts 30 as in the case 12 integrated expansion tank so that additional, external expansion tanks are not provided and are not required.

Out 3 it can be seen that, for example, the respective separating element 22 an example designed as a sealing plate sealing element 32 assigned. The sealing element 32 limits the cooling range of the memory cells 16 . 18 and may be made in one piece as a housing or as a plurality of separate plates. By means of the sealing element 32 can the respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 be particularly advantageous defined and sealed so that undesirable flows can be avoided. The respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 is however with the collection area 30 fluidly connected so that the cooling liquid with the pump deactivated from the cooling areas 26 and 28 in the collection area 30 can fall. If the initially deactivated pump is activated, the cooling fluid will be removed from the collection area 30 at least partially in the cooling areas 26 and 28 promoted by the pump and by the cooling area 26 and 28 conveyed.

7 shows the storage device 10 with activated pump. Opposite shows 8th the storage device 10 with deactivated pump. As will be explained in more detail below, the separating elements function 22 as a flow body for defined guiding or guiding and for displacing the cooling liquid. At least part of the collection area 30 can be used as volume for thermal expansion of the cooling liquid. Furthermore, it is off 7 and 8th recognizable that in the collection area 30 absorbed amount of cooling liquid decreases when the first deactivated pump is activated. Accordingly, the respective takes in the respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 absorbed amount of the cooling liquid. If the pump is deactivated, it takes in the respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 absorbed amount of the cooling liquid, and in the collection area 30 absorbed amount of cooling liquid increases.

Out 4 to 6 is particularly well another function of the respective separating element 22 recognizable. By means of the respective separating element 22 is for example the respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 , in particular along the respective longitudinal direction of extension of the respective memory cells 16 respectively 18 , in at least or exactly two subregions 34 and 36 divided. The cooling fluid, for example, first in the sub-area 36 initiated, in particular via a sub-area 36 associated inlet 38 , From the inlet 38 the cooling liquid flows at least substantially meander-shaped to at least one overflow opening 40 which thus downstream of the inlet 38 is arranged. Over the overflow opening 40 the coolant flows from the sub-area 36 in the downstream of the subarea 36 arranged subarea 34 , whereupon the cooling liquid from the overflow 40 at least substantially meandering to an outlet 42 flows. Thus, the outlet 42 downstream of the overflow opening 40 arranged. About the outlet 42 For example, the coolant flows out of the sub-area 34 and in particular from the cooling area 26 respectively 28 , Especially good 4 to 6 it can be seen that the respective separating element 22 baffles 44 has, by means of which the cooling liquid targeted and defined by the respective portion 34 respectively 36 and through the respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 can be performed. In this case, the cooling liquid by means of the guide elements 44 along a meandering through the respective subregion 34 respectively 36 extending cooling path 46 directed, which in 4 and 5 is illustrated by arrows. The guiding elements 44 In this case, for example, they also act as displacement bodies for displacing the cooling liquid, so that the into the respective cooling area 26 respectively 28 absorbed amount of preferably electrically non-conductive cooling fluid can be kept particularly low. This allows the weight of the storage device 10 be kept in a particularly small frame.

The respective memory cells 16 and 18 are at the same time partly in the subarea 36 and in the subarea 34 arranged. As a result, the respective first cells are surrounded by the coldest coolant and by the warmest coolant, so that all the memory cells 16 and 18 can be cooled equally on average. This can be a particularly high performance of the storage device 10 be guaranteed.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

memory device

12

casing

14

accommodation space

16

memory cells

18

memory cells

20

cooling device

22, 22a

separating element

24

separating element

26

cooling area

28

cooling area

30

collecting area

32

sealing

34

subregion

36

subregion

38

inlet

40

overflow

42

outlet

44

vane

46

cooling path

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1139483 A1 [0002]
• DE 102015013377 A1 [0003]

Claims (4)

Storage device (10) for storing electrical energy for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (12) having a receiving space (14), in the receiving space (14) of which a plurality of outer peripheral round memory cells (16, 18) are accommodated for storing the electrical energy, and with a cooling device (20) by means of which a cooling liquid can be introduced into the receiving space (14) by means of which the memory cells (16, 18) to be cooled directly by the cooling liquid are to be cooled, characterized in that the cooling device comprises: - a A sealing member (32) defining a part of the receiving space (14) around the storage cells (16, 18) as a cooling area (26, 28) opposite to the remaining receiving space (14), also a part of the receiving space (14) outside the cooling areas (26, 28) is excluded as a collecting region (30) of a cooling liquid and - at least one in the cooling region (26, 28) of the receiving space (14 ), which surrounds the memory cells (16, 18) and the cooling region (26, 28) of the receiving space (14) around the memory cells (16, 18) into a first cooling region (26) and a second cooling region ( 28), such that a first part of the memory cells (16, 18) is arranged in the first cooling region (26) and the second part of the memory cells (16, 18) is arranged in the second cooling region (28), and - a pump device by means of the cooling liquid through the cooling regions (26, 28) can be conveyed through, wherein when the pump is deactivated, cooling fluid from the cooling regions (26, 28) can at least partially collect in the collecting region (30) or from the cooling regions (26, 28) into the collecting region (30). can transgress. Memory device (10) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the cooling device (20) in addition to the memory cells (16, 18) provided and in the cooling regions (26, 28) arranged displacement body (22, 22a, 24, 44) for displacing the cooling liquid. Memory device (10) after Claim 2 , characterized in that the respective displacement body (44) are formed as guide elements (44) for guiding the cooling liquid. Memory device (10) after Claim 3 , characterized in that by means of the guide elements (44) arranged in the respective cooling region (26, 28), the cooling liquid is to be guided along a cooling path (46) extending in meandering fashion through the respective cooling region (26, 28).

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