DE102018003003A1 - PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT MODE TRANSITION FOR RECEIVER - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods, apparatus and computer readable media for encoding duty cycle timing by a first station for transmission to a second station via a primary connectivity radio are described. A wake-up radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) is activated to receive a transmission based on the duty cycle timing of the WURx when the primary connectivity radio is in a sleep state from the perspective of the second station. A wake-up packet received by the second station is decoded and received by the WURx. The WURx receives a WURx broadcast when it is in a WURx wakeful state. The primary connectivity radio is activated based on the decoding of the wake-up packet.

Description

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This application claims priority to the provisional one United States Patent Application No. 62 / 461,646 , filed on 21 February 2017, entitled "WAKE UP RECEIVER STATE TRANSITION" and provisional United States Patent Application No. 62 / 484,461 , filed on April 12, 2017, entitled "POWER MANAGEMENT MODE TRANSITION FOR WAKE UP RECEIVER", all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

INVENTION OF THE DISCLOSURE

Various embodiments may generally relate to the field of wireless communications. Some embodiments relate to wireless local area networks (WLANs) and Wi-Fi networks, including networks operating in accordance with the family of IEEE 802.11 standards. Some embodiments relate to IEEE 802.11ax and / or a low power communication standard, e.g. B. Bluetooth. Some embodiments relate to methods, computer-readable media, and power management mode transition devices for a wake-up receiver (WURx).

GENERAL PRIOR ART

The efficient use of the resources of a wireless local area network (WLAN) is important in order to provide users of the WLAN bandwidth and acceptable response times. Often, however, multiple devices attempt to share the same resources, and some devices may be constrained by the communication protocol they use or by the bandwidth of their hardware. In addition, wireless devices may need to work with both newer protocols and legacy device protocols.

list of figures

• 1 ist ein Blockschaltbild einer Funkarchitektur gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 2 veranschaulicht eine Frontend-Modul-Schaltungsanordnung zur Verwendung in der Funkarchitektur der 1 gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 3 veranschaulicht eine IC-Funkschaltungsanordnung zur Verwendung in der Funkarchitektur der 1 gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 4 veranschaulicht eine Basisbandverarbeitungsschaltungsanordnung zur Verwendung in der Funkarchitektur der 1 gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 5 veranschaulicht ein WLAN gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 6 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für einen Niedrigleistungs-Aufweckempfänger (LP-WUR, Low Power Wake-Up Receiver) für eine Wi-Fi-Einrichtung gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 7 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für den WUR-Zustandsübergang und die Beziehung zur Leistungseinsparung gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 8 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für einen Übergang des WURx-Aktiv- und des WURx-Leistungseinsparmodus mit zusätzlicher Signalisierung im WUR-Moduselement gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 9 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für ein WUR-Moduselement gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 10 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für ein Leistungseinsparprotokoll gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 11 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für ein Leistungseinsparprotokoll gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 12 veranschaulicht ein Beispiel für ein Leistungseinsparprotokoll gemäß einigen Ausführungsformen;
• 13 veranschaulicht ein Blockschaltbild einer beispielhaften Maschine, an der eine oder mehrere der hier erörterten Operationen/Techniken (z. B. Verfahren) durchgeführt werden können; und
• 14 veranschaulicht ein Blockschaltbild einer beispielhaften Drahtlos-Einrichtung, an der eine oder mehrere der hier erörterten Techniken (z. B. Verfahren oder Operationen) durchgeführt werden können.

The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals designate like elements and in which:

• 1 FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a radio architecture according to some embodiments; FIG.
• 2 FIG. 12 illustrates a front-end module circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG 1 according to some embodiments;
• 3 FIG. 12 illustrates an IC radio circuit arrangement for use in the radio architecture of FIG 1 according to some embodiments;
• 4 FIG. 11 illustrates baseband processing circuitry for use in the radio architecture of FIG 1 according to some embodiments;
• 5 illustrates a WLAN according to some embodiments;
• 6 FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a low power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR) for a Wi-Fi device according to some embodiments; FIG.
• 7 FIG. 12 illustrates an example of the WUR state transition and the power conservation relationship according to some embodiments; FIG.
• 8th FIG. 12 illustrates an example transition of the WURx active and WURx power saving modes with additional signaling in the WUR mode element according to some embodiments; FIG.
• 9 illustrates an example of a WUR mode element according to some embodiments;
• 10 illustrates an example of a performance saving protocol according to some embodiments;
• 11 illustrates an example of a performance saving protocol according to some embodiments;
• 12 illustrates an example of a performance saving protocol according to some embodiments;
• 13 Fig. 12 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine on which one or more of the operations / techniques discussed herein (eg, methods) may be performed; and
• 14 12 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary wireless device to which one or more of the techniques discussed herein (eg, methods or operations) may be performed.

The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. In different drawings, the same reference signs can be used to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description are for explanation and not to Limiting specific details, such as specific structures, architectures, interfaces, techniques, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the present disclosure, that the various aspects of the various embodiments may be applied in other examples that depart from these specific details. In certain instances, the descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the various embodiments with unnecessary detail.

The following description and drawings illustrate sufficiently specific embodiments to enable practitioners to practice them. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical, procedural, and other changes. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or substituted for those of other embodiments. The embodiments set forth in the claims include all available equivalents of these claims.

DESCRIPTION

The 1 is a block diagram of a radio architecture 100 according to some embodiments. The radio architecture 100 can be the front-end wireless module (front-end modules, FEM) circuitry 104 , the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 and the baseband processing circuitry 108 contain. The radio architecture 100 as shown includes both Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) functionality and Bluetooth (BT) functionality, although the embodiments are not so limited. In this disclosure, "WLAN" and "Wi-Fi" are used interchangeably.

The FEM circuitry 104 Can be a Wi-Fi or Wi-Fi FEM circuitry 104A and Bluetooth (BT) FEM circuitry 104 B included. The WLAN FEM circuitry 104A may include a receive signal path that includes circuitry configured to operate with WLAN RF signals received from one or more antennas 101 to amplify the received signals and the amplified versions of the received signals of the WLAN-IC radio circuit arrangement 106A to provide for further processing. The BT-FEM circuitry 104B can be a reception signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate with BT-RF signals from one or more antennas 102 to amplify the received signals and the amplified versions of the received signals of the BT-IC radio circuit arrangement 106B to provide for further processing. The FEM circuitry 104A may also include a transmit signal path that may include circuitry configured to receive WLAN signals received from the IC radio circuitry 106A be provided for wireless transmission via one or more of the antennas 101 to reinforce. In addition, the FEM circuitry 104B also include a transmit signal path that may include circuitry configured to receive BT signals from the IC radio circuitry 106B to amplify for wireless transmission over the one or more antennas. Although in the embodiment of the 1 FEM 104A and FEM 104B are shown as being different from each other, the embodiments are not limited thereto and include within their scope the use of a FEM (not shown) containing a transmit path and / or a receive path for both WLAN and BT signals, or the use of one or more FEM circuitry, wherein at least some of the FEM circuitry utilize transmit and receive signal paths in common for both WLAN and BT signals.

The IC radio circuit arrangement 106 As shown, the WLAN-IC radio circuitry may 106A and the BT-IC radio circuit arrangement 106B contain. The WLAN IC radio circuit arrangement 106A may include a receive signal path, which may include circuitry to receive from the FEM circuitry 104A down convert received WLAN RF signals and the WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A To provide baseband signals. The BT-IC radio circuit arrangement 106B in turn, may include a receive signal path, which may include circuitry to from the FEM circuitry 104B down converted received BT RF signals and the BT baseband processing circuitry 108B To provide baseband signals. The WLAN IC radio circuit arrangement 106A may also include a transmit signal path that may include circuitry for receiving from the WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A up-converted WLAN baseband signals and the FEM circuitry 104A the WLAN RF output signals for subsequent wireless transmission over the one or more antennas 101 provide. The BT-IC radio circuit arrangement 106B may also include a transmit signal path that may include circuitry for receiving from the BT baseband processing circuitry 108B up converted BT baseband signals and the FEM circuitry 104B the BT RF output signals for subsequent wireless transmission over the one or more antennas 101 provide. Although in the embodiment of the 1 the IC radio circuit arrangements 106A and 106B are shown as being different from each other, the embodiments are not limited thereto and include within their scope the use of IC radio circuitry (not shown) including a transmit signal path and / or a receive signal path for both WLAN and BT signals or the use of one or more IC radio circuit arrangements, wherein at least some of the IC radio circuit arrangements share transmission and / or reception signal paths for both WLAN and BT signals.

The baseband processing circuitry 108 may be a WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108 A and BT baseband processing circuitry 108B contain. The WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A may include a memory such as a set of RAM arrays in a block (not shown) for fast Fourier transform or for inverse fast Fourier transform of the WLAN baseband processing circuitry 108A , contain. Both the WLAN baseband circuitry 108A as well as the BT baseband circuitry 108B may further include one or more processors and control logic for processing the signals received from the corresponding WLAN or BT receive signal path of the IC radio circuitry 106 and generating corresponding WLAN or BT baseband signals for the transmission signal path of the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 contain. Each of the baseband processing circuitry 108A and 108B may further include physical layer (PHY) and media access control (MAC) circuitry, and further to the application processor 111 for generating and processing the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 be coupled.

Still referring to the 1 In accordance with the illustrated embodiment, the WLAN-BT coexistence circuitry 113 Logic containing an interface between the WLAN baseband circuitry 108A and the BT baseband circuitry 108B to enable use cases where coexistence of WLAN and BT is required. In addition, a switch 103 between the WLAN FEM circuitry 104A and the BT-FEM circuitry 104B provided to allow the switching between the WLAN and the BT radio according to the requirements of the application. Although the antennas 101 be shown so that they each use the wireless FEM circuitry 104A and the BT-FEM circuitry 104B In addition, in their scope of protection, the embodiments additionally include sharing one or more antennas of the WLAN and BT FEM, or providing more than one antenna, each with the FEM 104A or 104B connected is.

In some embodiments, the front-end module circuitry 104 , the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 and the baseband processing circuitry 108 be provided on a single radio card, such as a wireless radio card 102 , In some other embodiments, the one or more antennas may be 101 , the FEM circuitry 104 and the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 be provided on a single radio card. In some other embodiments, the IC radio circuitry may 106 and the baseband processing circuitry 108 on a single chip or as a single integrated circuit (IC), such as the IC 112 ,

In some embodiments, the wireless radio card may 102 a WLAN wireless card and may be configured for Wi-Fi communications, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard. In some of these embodiments, the radio architecture 100 be configured to receive and transmit Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication signals over a multi-carrier communication channel. The OFDM or OFDMA signals may include a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.

In some of these multi-carrier embodiments, the radio architecture 100 Part of a Wi-Fi communication station (STA), such as a wireless access point (AP), a base station or a mobile device, including a Wi-Fi device. In some of these embodiments, the radio architecture 100 be configured to send and receive signals according to specific communication standards and / or protocols, such as any of the standards of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), including standards 802.11n - 2009 , IEEE 802.11 - 2012 . 802.11n - 2009 , 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11 - 2016 and / or 802.11ax, and / or intended Specifications for WLANs, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard. The radio architecture 100 may also be suitable for sending and / or receiving communications in accordance with other techniques and standards.

In some embodiments, the radio architecture 100 be configured for high efficiency (HE) Wi-Fi communications according to the IEEE 802.11ax standard. In these embodiments, the radio architecture 100 be configured to communicate in accordance with an OFDMA technique, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some other embodiments, the radio architecture may be 100 be configured to transmit and receive signals that have been transmitted using one or more modulation techniques, such as spread spectrum modulation (eg Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA)) -) and / or frequency hopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA), Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) modulation and / or Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). ) Modulation, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

As further in the 1 can be shown, the BT baseband circuitry 108B in some embodiments conform to a Bluetooth (BT) connectivity standard, such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth 4.0 or Bluetooth 5.0 or any other iteration of the Bluetooth standard. In embodiments that include BT functionality, such as in the 1 can be shown, the radio architecture 100 be configured to establish a synchronous connection oriented (SCO) BT connection and / or a BT low power (BT LE, Bluetooth Low Energy) connection. In some of the embodiments that include functionality, the radio architecture may 100 be configured to establish an extended SCO (eSCO, Extended SCO) connection for BT communications, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard. In some of these embodiments, including BT functionality, the radio architecture may be configured to participate in an asynchronous connectionless (ACL) connection, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG 1 5, the functions of a BT radio card and a WLAN radio card are combined on a single wireless radio card, such as a single wireless radio card 102 although the embodiments are not limited thereto and include discrete WLAN and BT radio cards within their scope.

In some embodiments, the radio architecture 100 include other radio cards, such as a cellular radio card configured for cellular (eg, 3GPP, such as LTE, LTE-Advanced, or 5G) communications.

In some IEEE 802.11 embodiments, the radio architecture 100 be configured for communication over different channel bandwidths, including bandwidths with center frequencies of about 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz and bandwidths of about 1 MHz, 2 MHz, 2.5 MHz, 4 MHz, 5 MHz, 8 MHz, 10 MHz , 16 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz (with contiguous bandwidths) or 80 + 80 MHz (160 MHz) (with non-contiguous bandwidths). In some embodiments, a bandwidth of 320 MHz may be used. However, the scope of the embodiments is not limited with respect to the above center frequencies.

The 2 illustrates a FEM circuitry 200 according to some embodiments. The FEM circuitry 200 FIG. 12 is an example of a circuit arrangement for use as the WLAN and / or BT FEM circuitry 104A / 104B ( 1 ), although other circuit configurations may also be suitable.

In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 200 a TX / RX switch 202 to switch between operation in transmit mode and receive mode. The FEM circuitry 200 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 200 may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 206 for receiving RF signals 203 to amplify and the amplified received RF signals 207 as an output (for example, to the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 ( 1 )). The transmission signal path of the circuit arrangement 200 can be a power amplifier (PA, Power Amplifier) to RF input signals 209 (eg from the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 provided) and one or more filters 212 such as bandpass filters (BPFs), low pass filters (LPFs) or other types of filters to RF signals 215 for subsequent transmission (eg via one or more of the antennas 101 ( 1 )), contain.

In some dual-mode embodiments for Wi-Fi communications, the FEM circuitry may 200 be configured to to work either in the 2.4 GHz frequency spectrum or in the 5 GHz frequency spectrum. In these embodiments, the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 200 a receive signal path duplexer 204 included to separate both the signals from each spectrum and a separate LNA for each spectrum 206 as shown. In these embodiments, the transmit signal path may be the FEM circuitry 200 also a power amplifier 210 and a filter 212 , such as a BPF, an LPF or other type of filter for each frequency spectrum, and a transmit signal path duplexer 214 included to the signals of one of the different spectrums on a single transmission path for subsequent transmission over the one or more of the antennas 101 to provide 1 ). In some embodiments, the BT communications may utilize the 2.4GHz signal paths and may use the same FEM circuitry 200 like the ones used for Wi-Fi communications.

The 3 illustrates an IC radio circuit arrangement 300 according to some embodiments. The IC radio circuit arrangement 300 FIG. 10 is an example of a circuit arrangement for use as the WLAN or BT-IC radio circuit arrangement 106A / 106B ( 1 ), although other circuit configurations may also be suitable.

In some embodiments, the IC radio circuit arrangement may 300 include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The received signal path of the IC radio circuit arrangement 300 at least the mixer circuit arrangement 302 , such as down-conversion mixer circuitry, the amplifier circuitry 306 and the filter circuitry 308 contain. The transmission signal path of the IC radio circuit arrangement 300 at least the filter circuitry 312 and the mixer circuitry 314 such as up-conversion mixer circuitry. The IC radio circuit arrangement 300 can also be a synthesizer circuitry 304 to synthesize a frequency 305 for use by the mixer circuitry 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 contain. The mixer circuit arrangements 302 and or 314 For example, each may be configured to provide direct conversion functionality, in accordance with some embodiments. The latter type of circuitry presents a much simpler architecture than standard superheterodyne mixer circuitry and any flicker caused thereby can be reduced, for example, by the use of OFDM modulation. The 3 only illustrates a simplified version of IC radio circuit arrangement and, although not shown, may include embodiments in which each of the circuit arrangements shown may include more than one component. For example, the mixer circuitry 320 and or 314 each contain one or more mixers, and the filter circuit arrangements 308 and or 312 may each contain one or more filters, such as one or more BPFs and / or LPFs, according to the requirements of the application. For example, if the mixer circuitry is of the direct conversion type, they may each contain two or more mixers.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 302 be configured to from the FEM circuitry 104 ( 1 ) received RF signals 207 based on the synthesized frequency 305 that of the synthesizer circuitry 304 is provided to convert downwards. The amplifier circuit arrangement 306 may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals, and the filter circuitry 308 may include an LPF configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to baseband output signals 307 to create. The baseband output signals 307 may be the baseband processing circuitry 108 ( 1 ) are provided for further processing. In some embodiments, the baseband output signals 307 Null-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 302 passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 314 configured to receive baseband input signals 311 based on the synthesized frequency 305 that of the synthesizer circuitry 304 is provided to upconvert to RF output signals 209 for the FEM circuitry 104 to create. The baseband signals 311 may be from baseband processing circuitry 108 can be provided by the filter circuitry 312 be filtered. The filter circuit arrangement 312 may include an LPF or a BPF, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry may 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 each contain two or more mixers and for quadrature down conversion or up conversion using the synthesizers 304 be designed. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry may 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 each contain two or more mixers, each designed for image rejection (eg for Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry may 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 be designed for direct down conversion or direct upconversion. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry may 302 and the mixer circuitry 314 be configured for superheterodyne operation, although this is not a requirement.

The mixer circuit arrangement 302 According to one embodiment, it may include passive quadrature mixers (eg, for the in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) paths). In such an embodiment, the RF input signal 207 from the 3 down to provide I and Q baseband output signals to be sent to the baseband processor.

The passive quadrature mixers may be driven by time varying zero and ninety degree LO switching signals provided by quadrature circuitry that may be configured to include an LO frequency (f LO) from a local oscillator (LO) or a synthesizer receive, such as an LO frequency 305 of the synthesizer 304 ( 3 ). In some embodiments, the LO frequency may be the carrier frequency, while in other embodiments the LO frequency may be a fraction of the carrier frequency (eg, half the carrier frequency, one-third the carrier frequency). In some embodiments, the time varying zero and ninety degree switching signals may be generated by the synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard.

In some embodiments, the LO signals may differ in duty cycle (the percentage of a period in which the LO signal is high) and / or in offset (the offset between start points of the period). In some embodiments, the LO signals may have a duty cycle of 25% and an offset of 50%. In some embodiments, each leg of mixer circuitry (eg, the in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) paths) may operate at a duty cycle of 25%, which may result in a significant reduction in power consumption.

The RF input signal 207 ( 2 ) may comprise a balanced signal, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. The I and Q baseband output signals may be provided to a low noise amplifier, such as the amplifier circuitry 306 ( 3 ) or the filter circuitry 308 ( 3 ).

In some embodiments, the baseband output signals 307 and the baseband input signals 311 be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard. In some alternative embodiments, the baseband output signals may be 307 and the baseband input signals 311 be digital baseband signals. In these alternative embodiments, the IC radio circuit arrangement may include analog to digital converter (ADC) and digital to analog converter (DAC) circuitry.

In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate IC radio circuit arrangement may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum or other spectra not mentioned herein, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this regard.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 304 a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional-N / N + 1 synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect because other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, the synthesizer circuitry 304 a delta sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier or a synthesizer comprising a phase locked loop with a frequency divider. According to some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 304 a digital synthesizer circuitry included. An advantage of using digital synthesizer circuitry is that although it may still contain some analog components, its footprint can be much smaller than the footprint of analog synthesizer circuitry. In some embodiments, that may be incorporated into the synthesizer circuitry 304 input frequency can be provided by a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), although this is not a requirement. A divider control input may further be from either the baseband circuitry 108 ( 1 ) or the application processor 111 ( 1 ), depending on the desired output frequency 305 , In some embodiments, a divider control input (eg, N) may be determined from a look-up table (eg, in a Wi-Fi card) based on a channel number and channel center frequency, such as from the application processor 111 determined or indicated.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 304 be configured to a carrier frequency as the output frequency 305 to generate while the output frequency 305 in other embodiments, may be a fraction of the carrier frequency (eg, half of the carrier frequency, one third of the carrier frequency). In some embodiments, the output frequency 305 be an LO frequency (fLO).

The 4 Fig. 11 illustrates a functional block diagram of the baseband processing circuitry 400 according to some embodiments. The baseband processing circuitry 400 is an example of circuitry suitable for use as the baseband processing circuitry 108 ( 1 ), although other circuit configurations may also be suitable. The baseband processing circuitry 400 may include a receive baseband processor (RX BBP) 402 for processing receive baseband signals 309 included by the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 ( 1 ), and a transmit baseband processor (TX BBP) 404 for generating transmit baseband signals 311 for the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 , The baseband processing circuitry 400 can also control logic 406 for coordinating the operations of the baseband processing circuitry 400 contain.

In some embodiments (eg, when analog baseband signals between the baseband processing circuitry 400 and the IC radio circuit arrangement 106 can be exchanged), the baseband processing circuitry 400 an ADC 410 included to analog baseband signals transmitted by the IC radio circuitry 106 are received into digital baseband signals for processing by the RX BBP 402 to convert. In these embodiments, the baseband processing circuitry 400 also the DAC 412 included to digital baseband signals from TX BBP 404 to convert to analog baseband signals.

In some embodiments, the OFDM signals or OFDMA signals communicate, such as via the baseband processor 108A , the transmit baseband processor 404 be configured to generate OFDM or OFDMA signals as appropriate for transmission by performing an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT). The reception baseband processor 402 may be configured to process received OFDM signals or OFDMA signals by performing an FFT. In some embodiments, the receive baseband processor may be 402 be configured to detect the presence of an OFDM signal or an OFDMA signal by performing an autocorrelation to detect a preamble, such as a short preamble, and performing a cross-correlation to detect a long preamble. The preambles may be part of a predetermined frame structure for Wi-Fi communication.

With reference to the 1 In some embodiments, the antennas 101 ( 1 ) each include one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, stripline antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmitting RF signals. In some multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas may be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result. The antennas 101 may each include a set of phased array antennas, although the embodiments are not so limited.

Although the radio architecture 100 is illustrated with a plurality of separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and implemented by combinations of software configured elements such as processing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs) and / or other hardware elements. For example, some elements may include one or more microprocessors, DSPs, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), integrated radio frequency circuits (RFICs), and combinations of various hardware and logic circuits, at least those described herein perform the functions described. In some embodiments, the functional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements.

The 5 illustrates a WLAN 500 according to some embodiments. The WLAN 500 For example, a base service set (BSS) may include an HE access point (AP) 502, which may be an AP, multiple high-performance wireless (eg, IEEE 802.11ax) (HE) stations 504 and several legacy (eg, IEEE 802.11n / ac) devices 506 may contain.

The HE-AP 502 may be an AP that uses the IEEE 802.11 used for sending and receiving. The HE-AP 502 can be a base station. The HE-AP 502 can use other communication protocols as well as the IEEE 802.11 Protocol. The IEEE 802.11 protocol may be IEEE 802.11ax. The IEEE 802.11 protocol may include using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and / or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The IEEE 802.11 protocol may include a multiple access technique. For example, the IEEE 802.11 protocol may include space-division multiple access (SDMA) and / or multiple-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO). It can have more than one HE-AP 502 that is part of an Extended Service Set (ESS). A controller (not illustrated) can store information to more than one HE APs 502 are common.

The legacy facilities 506 can according to one or more of IEEE 802.11 a / b / g / n / ac / ad / af / ah / aj / ay or any other legacy wireless communication standard. The legacy facilities 506 can be STAs or IEEE-STAs. The HE-STAs 504 may be wireless transceivers, such as a mobile phone, portable electronic wireless communication devices, a smartphone, a handheld wireless device, wireless glasses, a wireless watch, a personal wireless device, a tablet, or other device that can send and receive using the IEEE 802.11 protocol, such as IEEE 802.11ax, or any other wireless protocol. In some embodiments, the HE-STAs 504 be referred to as high performance (HE) stations.

The HE-AP 502 Can with legacy facilities 506 communicate in accordance with IEEE 802.11 legacy communication techniques. In embodiments, the HE-AP 502 also be configured with HE-STAs 504 in accordance with IEEE 802.11 legacy communication techniques.

In some embodiments, a HE frame may be configurable to have the same bandwidth as a channel. The HE frame may be a Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU). In some embodiments, there may be different types of PPDUs that may have different fields and different physical layers and / or different media access control (MAC) layers.

The bandwidth of a channel may be 20 MHz, 40 MHz or 80 MHz, 160 MHz, 320 MHz in contiguous bandwidths or 80 + 80 MHz (160 MHz) non-contiguous bandwidth. In some embodiments, the bandwidth of a channel may be 1MHz, 1.25MHz, 2.03MHz, 2.5MHz, 4.06MHz, 5MHz, and 10MHz, or any combination thereof or other bandwidth that is less than or equal to equal to the available bandwidth, can also be used. In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the channels may be based on a number of active subcarriers. In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the channels is based on 26, 52, 106, 242, 484, 996, or 2 × 996 active data subcarriers or tones spaced 20 MHz apart. In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the channels is 256 Sounds spaced 20 MHz. In some embodiments, the channels are a multiple of 26 tones or a multiple of 20 MHz. In some embodiments, a 20 MHz channel 242 may include active data sub-carriers or tones, which may determine the magnitude of a fast Fourier transform (FFT). An allocation of a bandwidth or a number of tones or subcarriers may be referred to as a resource unit (RU) allocation according to some embodiments.

In some embodiments, the 26 subcarrier RU and the 52 subcarrier RU are used in the 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, and the 80 + 80 MHz OFDMA HE PPDU formats. In some embodiments, the 106 subcarrier RU is used in the 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, and the 80 + 80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO-HE PPDU formats. In some embodiments, the 242 subcarrier RU is used in the 40 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, and the 80 + 80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO-HE PPDU formats. In some embodiments, the 484 subcarrier RU is used in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz, and the 80 + 80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO-HE PPDU formats. In some embodiments, the 996 subcarrier RU is used in the 160 MHz and 80 + 80 MHz OFDMA and MU-MIMO-HE PPDU formats.

An HE frame may be configured to send a series of spatial streams, which may be according to MU-MIMO and OFDMA. In other embodiments, the HE-AP 502 , the HE-STA 504 and / or the legacy device 506 implement other technologies, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000 , CDMA 2000 1X , CDMA 2000 Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), Interim Standard 2000 (IS 2000 ), Interim Standard 95 (IS 95 ), Interim Standard 856 (IS 856 ), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE (GERAN), IEEE 802.16 (ie Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), BlueTooth® or other technologies.

Some embodiments relate to HE communications. According to some IEEE 802.11 embodiments, e.g. IEEE 802.11ax embodiments, may be a HE-AP 502 as one Master station, which may be designed to compete for a wireless medium (eg, during a contention period) to obtain exclusive control of the medium for a HE control period. In some embodiments, the HE control period may be referred to as a Transmission Opportunity (TXOP). The HE-AP 502 may send a HE master sync broadcast at the beginning of the HE control period, which may be a trigger frame or HE control and scheduling broadcast. The HE-AP 502 can send a time duration of TXOP and subchannel information. During the HE control period, the HE-STAs 504 with the HE-AP 502 according to a non-contention based multiple access technique, such as OFDMA or MU-MIMO communicate. This is in contrast to conventional WLAN communications in which the devices communicate according to a contention-based communication technique rather than a multiple access technique. During the HE control period, the HE-AP 502 with the HE stations 504 communicate using one or more HE frames. During the HE control period, the HE-STAs 504 working on a sub-channel that is smaller than the operating range of the HE-AP 502 is. During the HE control period, legacy stations refrain from communicating. The legacy stations may need communication from the HE-AP 502 received to reset the communication.

According to some embodiments, the HE-STAs 504 during the TXOP to the wireless medium with the legacy devices 506 which are excluded from competing for the wireless medium during the Master Sync broadcast. In some embodiments, the trigger frame may indicate an uplink (UL) MU-MIMO and / or a UL-OFDMA-TXOP. In some embodiments, the trigger frame may include a DL-UL-MU-MIMO and / or a DL-OFDMA with scheduling specified in a preamble portion of the trigger frame.

In some embodiments, the multiple access technique used during the HE-TXOP may be a scheduled OFDMA technique, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, the multiple access technique may be a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technique or a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) technique. In some embodiments, the multiple access technique may be a Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) technique. In some embodiments, the multiple access technique may be a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technique.

The HE-AP 502 can also work with legacy stations 506 and / or HE stations 504 communicate in accordance with IEEE 802.11 legacy communication techniques. In some embodiments, the HE-AP 502 also be configurable with the HE stations 504 although it is not a requirement, to communicate outside the HE-TXOP according to IEEE 802.11 legacy communication techniques.

In some embodiments, the HE station 504 a "group owner" (GO) for peer-to-peer operating modes. A wireless device can be a HE station 502 or a HE-AP 502 be.

In some embodiments, the HE station 504 and / or the HE-AP 502 to be configured according to the IEEE 802.11 mc to work. In embodiments, the radio architecture is the 1 configured to the HE station 504 and / or the HE-AP 502 implement. In embodiments, the front-end module circuitry is the 2 configured to the HE station 504 and / or the HE-AP 502 implement. In embodiments, the IC radio circuit arrangement is the 3 configured to the HE station 504 and / or the HE-AP 502 implement. In embodiments, the baseband processing circuitry is the 4 configured to the HE station 504 and / or the HE-AP 502 implement.

In embodiments, the HE stations 504 , the HE-AP 502 , a device of HE stations 504 and / or a device of the HE-AP 502 one or more of the following: the radio architecture of 1 , the front-end module circuitry of the 2 , the IC radio circuit arrangement of 3 and / or the baseband processing circuitry of 4 ,

In embodiments, the radio architecture of the 1 , the front-end module circuitry of the 2 , the IC radio circuit arrangement of 3 and / or the baseband processing circuitry of 4 be configured to use this in conjunction with the 1 - 14 described procedures and operations / functions.

In embodiments, the HE station 504 and / or the HE-AP 502 configured here in conjunction with the 1 - 14 described procedures and operations / functions. In embodiments, a device of the HE station 504 and / or a device of the HE-AP 502 configured here in conjunction with the 1 - 14 perform described procedures and functions. The term Wi-Fi may refer to one or more IEEE 802.11 communication standards. AP and STA can access the HE access point 502 and / or the HE station 504 as well as the legacy facilities 506 Respectively.

In some embodiments, a HE-AP 502 or a HE-STA 504 that at least some functions of a HE-AP 502 perform as HE-AP-STA. In some embodiments, a HE-STA 504 as a HE non-AP STA. In some embodiments, a HE-STA 504 either as HE-AP-STA and / or HE-non-AP.

In some embodiments, a low power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR) provides an ultra-low power mode of operation for a Wi-Fi device. In some embodiments, the systems / devices / methods described below provide for a device to have a minimum radio configuration that can receive a wakeup packet from a peer. Once the wake-up packet has been received, the device may wake a transceiver, e.g. A primary connectivity radio that can be used to send and receive data. Thus, the device may remain in a low power mode until the wakeup packet is received. An exemplary system that uses a Wi-Fi, ie a ( 802.11 -) Facility that is included in the 6 shown an example of a low power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR) according to some embodiments. 620 for a wi-fi, z. B. one (IEEE 802.11 -) Facility 604 , illustrated. The device 604 contains the LP-WUR 620 as well as a primary connectivity radio 622 , The device 604 can work in a low-power mode where the primary connectivity radio 622 is off. In some embodiments, the state of the primary connectivity radio is 622 as he is from a sender 602 is seen in low power mode. The primary connectivity radio 622 can send and receive data while the device is up 604 is in low power mode.

If the transmitter 602 the device 604 In one example, the sender sends a wake-up packet 610 to the LP-WUR 620 , Upon receipt, the LP-WUR sends a wake-up signal to a controller or directly to the primary connectivity radio 622 , The primary connectivity radio 622 can then boot up to be able to receive data, e.g. B. a data packet 612 , In one example, the wake-up packet 610 be sent based on a duty cycle or based on when the transmitter 602 Data to the institution 604 must send.

In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein may provide additional signaling to indicate the state transition of the wake-up receiver (WURx), which may be independent of the existing transition for power states and power management modes. The WURx can work in various power management modes that can be used to determine the state of the WURx. In one example, the WURx state may be permanently on or in duty cycle mode. In duty cycle mode, the WURx cyclically switches between being active for a period of time and being inactive for a period of time. Additional signaling may be introduced from the STA to the AP to indicate the transition of the power management mode and / or the WURx mode.

The different power management modes for the WURx may have different corresponding rules for the WURx state transition. In one example, the rules may follow the definition of the power management mode for an 802.11 radio. In one example, the WURx state transition is seen from the perspective of the AP and may not be the actual WURx state of the STA because the STA may undergo localized operation of the WURx state.

In various examples, an STA may be in one of two power states: awake or dormant. While awake, the STA is fully energized. For example, the primary connectivity radio can be fully powered to send / receive data. The WURX can be turned off while awake. When snoozing, the primary connectivity radio can be turned off. From AP's perspective, the AP assumes that the STA is unable to send or receive data except to receive a wake-up packet.

A non-AP STA may be in one of two power management modes: active mode or power saving mode. In active mode, the STA can receive and send frames at any time. In active mode the STA remains waxed. In power saving mode, the STA wakes up to receive or send data / frames. Otherwise, the STA returns to sleep and stays there.

In various embodiments, the AP has the ability to send the wake-up packet to the WURx of the STA to awaken the primary connectivity radio of the STA. However, the concept can be extended to the general device-to-device model, where the STA1 has the ability to apply the wake-up packet to the WURx the STA2 to wake up the STA2 primary connectivity radio.

In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein may provide two power management modes and introduce signaling to signal the transition of power management modes and / or states of the WURx to the STA1.

In some embodiments, the WURx of an STA may be in one of two power states. In a WURx awake state, the STA may receive the wake-up receiver's broadcast, such as wake-up packets and / or beacons. In a WURx sleep state, the STA will not receive broadcasts from the awakening receiver. For example, the WURx may be off to save power.

In some embodiments, the WURx of an STA may be operated in one of two power management modes. In a WURx active mode, the STA remains in the WURx wake state to receive wake-up receiver broadcasts. In WURx power saving mode, the STA enters the WURx wake-up state to receive wake-up receiver broadcasts, and otherwise remains in the dormant state of the WURx.

In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein provide rules to define the WURx state transition. In some embodiments, the WURx state transition is from the perspective of the other side, e.g. B. the AP defined. In some embodiments, the STA may perform localized operations, even if the AP assumes that the WURx is in a sleep state. For example, if the WURx is out of the perspective of the AP, the STA may leave the WURx turned on to simplify operation. In one example, the STA may not have to notify the AP. In particular, when the STA is slumbering from the perspective of the AP, the STA may be awake to handle other operations. As another example, if the STA is awake from the point of view of the AP, the STA may be in a sleep state due to mechanisms such as the PPDU's intra-BSS power saving.

In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein may provide a rule for the relationship of the WURx state and the power-saving state from the perspective of the AP. If the STA is awake from the perspective of the AP, the AP should treat the WURx of the STA as off, e.g. For example, the AP should not send a wakeup packet to the STA. If the STA is slumbering from the perspective of the AP, then the WURx state is determined by the power management mode of the STA. If the STA indicates that it works in WURx active mode, then the WURx is on. If the STA indicates that it is operating in the WURx power save mode, then the state of the WURx is indicated based on the duty cycle signaling, as described in some embodiments. The duty cycle is used to determine when the WURx is on or off.

From the perspective of the AP, after the AP has sent the wakeup packet, in some embodiments, the WURx state of the STA does not change until the AP receives an acknowledgment (ACK) from the wakeup packet STA. Until the acknowledgment is received, the state of the STA follows the existing signaling from the STA.

In some embodiments, the power-saving state of the STA is in the sleep state from the perspective of the AP after the AP has sent the wake-up packet until the AP receives the wakeup packet acknowledgment from the STA. In some embodiments, an advantage of this approach is that none of the current 802.11 power savings protocols are changed.

In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein may be implemented by the 7 be illustrated. The 7 FIG. 12 illustrates an example of the WURx state transition and the power conservation relationship according to some embodiments. FIG. The 7 shows that a WURx state is defined when the power state of the STA is napping. In some embodiments, two power management modes are defined for the WURx. In some embodiments, the implementation can be simplified by following a similar definition for the IEEE 802.11 radio.

The STA has both a primary connectivity radio 710 as well as a WURx 720. Each of these has a power management mode and a power state. The power management mode 712 The primary connectivity radio can be either an active or a power save mode. The power management mode determines the available power states 714 of the primary connectivity radio. When active, the primary connectivity radio is in a waking state. When operating in the power saving mode, the state of the primary connectivity radio may either be awake or dormant. In sleep, the WURx can be active, and the mode and state of the WURx become important.

The WURx power management modes 722 may be WURx active or WURx power savings. In WURx active mode, the WURx power state is WURx-awake. In WURx power saving mode, the power state may change 724 of the WURx either in a WURx-Wake or in a WURx-slumber state. In the WURx wake state, the WURx can receive wake-up packets and / or other wake-up receiver data. In the WURx sleep state, the WURx can not receive wake-up packets and / or other wake-up receiver data and may be off. A duty cycle can determine when the WURx transitions between the WURx awake state and the WURx Sleep state.

The 8th FIG. 12 illustrates an example transition of the WURx active and WURx power saving modes with additional signaling in the WUR mode element according to some embodiments. FIG. The 9 illustrates an example of a WUR mode element according to some embodiments. The WUR mode element includes a WURx power mode bit 902 that indicates whether the WURx is in active or power saving mode.

In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein define two power management modes for a WURx and define the corresponding WURx state transitions from the perspective of the AP. In some embodiments, systems / devices / methods described herein may be written in generic language that may facilitate working for a device-to-device (D2D) model.

In some embodiments, the STA2 and the STA1 may negotiate the wake-up radio (WUR) capability of the STA1. The STA2 may send a wake-up packet to wake the STA1 in order for the STA1 to begin its transition from the state of performance of the primary connectivity radio of the STA1 to wake-up mode to receive data from the STA2. In some embodiments, the WURx of an STA may be in one of two power states. In a WURx awake state, the STA can receive broadcasts from the Wakeup Receiver (WUR). The second state is the WURx sleep state, where the STA can not receive transmissions from the awakening receiver. There may also be two power management modes. In a WURx active mode, the STA remains in the WURx wake state to receive WUR broadcasts. In a WURx power saving mode, the STA enters the WURx wake state to receive the WUR broadcast. Otherwise, the STA will remain in the WURx slumber state.

The STA may indicate the power management mode of the WURx through the WUR mode element, as defined in some embodiments. One bit of the WUR mode element can be used for signaling, see 8th , This bit may be called the WURx power management bit, and it may be set to 1 to indicate the WURx power saving mode or 0 to indicate the WURx active mode.

In some embodiments, the WURx state of an STA1 is determined from the perspective of an STA2, e.g. B. an AP defined. If the STA1 primary connectivity transceiver is awake from the perspective of STA2, then the WURx state of STA1 is off STA2's perspective. The rule can also be defined as follows: If the STA1's primary connectivity radio is awake from the perspective of the STA2, then the STA2 should not send wake-up packets to the STA1. In essence, this means that STA1 can do what it wants in terms of WURx state if STA1 is awake from the perspective of STA2. For example, the STA1 can turn off the WURx. In another example, the WURx may remain on for easier implementation.

If the primary connectivity radio of the STA1 is in a sleep state from the perspective of the STA2, then the WURx state of the STA1 is determined from the perspective of the STA2 by the duty cycle signaling, as described in some embodiments. If the duty cycle period indicates one, then the WURx is on, e.g. B. WURx awake state. If the duty cycle period indicates off, then the WURx is off. If there is no duty cycle signaling, then the WURx is off unless there is another indication for the WURx on signaling.

If the primary connectivity radio of the STA1 is in a sleep state from the perspective of the STA2, then the WURx state of the STA1 is determined from the perspective of the STA2 by the WURx power management mode of the STA. If the STA1 indicates a WURx active mode, then the WURx is on. If the STA indicates a WURx power saving mode, then the state of the WURx is indicated based on the duty cycle signaling, as described in some embodiments. If the duty cycle period indicates one, then the WURx is on, e.g. B. WURx awake state. If the duty cycle period indicates off, then the WURx is off. If there is no duty cycle signaling, then the WURx is off unless there is another indication for the WURx on signaling.

In some embodiments, the WURx state of STA1 may be viewed from the perspective of STA2 after the STA2 sends the wake-up packet to be cleared. In some embodiments, the WURx state of the STA1 is determined from the perspective of the STA2 after sending the wake-up packet by the STA2 until the STA2 receives an acknowledgment for the wake-up packet from the STA1 from the WURx indication sent by the STA1 before the wake-up packet is sent. In some embodiments, the STA1 power-saving state is determined from the perspective of the STA2 after sending the wake-up packet by the STA2 until the STA2 receives a wake-up packet acknowledgment from the STA1 from the power state indication sent by the STA1 before the wake-up packet is sent becomes. In other words, in these examples, the state of STA1 does not change from the perspective of STA2 until an acknowledgment is received.

In some embodiments, examples are given in FIGS 10 - 12 to illustrate the concept for three different power saving protocols used in the current IEEE 802.11 be used and explain how the concept works.

The 10 illustrates an example of a performance saving protocol according to some embodiments. The STA1 uses the power savings management bit to toggle the wake and snooze state and retrieve packets from the STA2. In some embodiments, the STA1 uses dynamic signaling.

In some embodiments, the STA1 has specified its WURx active mode before the STA2 sends a wakeup packet. The WURx state of the STA1 from the perspective of the STA2 is off when the STA1 is in a wake state of the primary connectivity radio from the perspective of the STA2. The WURx state of the STA1 from the STA2 perspective is determined by the WURx power management mode indication when the STA1 is in the power save mode from the perspective of the STA2.

In the 10 For example, a STA1 1002 of an STA2 1004 has specified its power management mode. In one example, the STA2 sends a wakeup packet to the STA1 1002. The STA1 1002 goes out of the sleep state based on the wakeup packet. The STA1 1002 sends a packet 1012 to the STA2 1004 with the power management bit set to zero. This package acts as a confirmation of the awakening package 1010 , Once the packet has been received by the STA2 1004, the STA2 1004 treats the STA1 as in the WURx wakeup state, leaving the STA1 data 1016 can receive. After a power save mode (PSM) timeout 1014 The STA1 1002 can be a package 1016 send, with the power management mode bit set to 1. Once the package 1016 received by the STA2 1004, the STA2 1004 treats the STA1 1002 as being in a snooze state, with the WURx on and being able to receive WUR transmissions.

The 11 illustrates an example of a performance saving protocol according to some embodiments. In the 11 An STA1 1102 uses a PS-Poll to retrieve packets from an STA2 1104. In some embodiments, the STA1 1102 uses duty cycle signaling.

In some embodiments, it may be assumed that before the STA2 initiates a wake-up packet 1110 STA1 1102 has specified its WURx power saving mode and has sent a duty cycle indication to the STA2 1104. The WURx state of the STA1 1102 from the perspective of the STA2 is off when the STA1 1102 is awake from the perspective of the STA2. The WURx state of the STA1 1102 from the perspective of the STA2 is determined by the duty cycle indication when the STA1 is in the sleep state from the perspective of the STA2.

After the STA1 1102 receives the wakeup packet using its WURx, the STA1 1102 sends a PS-Poll message 1112 which is used to the awakening package 1110 to confirm. Once the PS-Poll message 1112 has been received by the STA2 1104, the power mode state of the STA1 1102 is awake from the perspective of the STA2 with the WURx off. This also applies if the WURx of the STA1 based on the duty cycle 1150 is switched on and off. When the STA2 1104 sees the STA1 1102 awake, data may be lost 1116 sent to the STA1 1102. A confirmation 1118 The data may be used to indicate receipt of the data and may be used to indicate that the power-saving state of the STA1 1102 has passed to slumber.

The 12 illustrates an example of a performance saving protocol according to some embodiments. In the 12 The STA1 1202 uses a U-APSD to retrieve packets from the STA2 1204. In some embodiments, the STA1 1202 uses both dynamic signaling and duty cycle signaling. In some embodiments, the STA1 1202 has specified its WURx power saving mode and sent a duty cycle indication to the STA2 1204 before the STA2 1204 sends a wakeup packet. The WURx state of STA1 1202 from the perspective of STA2 is off when STA1 1202 is awake from the perspective of STA2. The WURx state of the STA1 1202 from the perspective of the STA2 is determined collectively by the duty cycle indication and the WURx power save mode indication when the STA1 1202 is in the sleep state from the perspective of the STA2.

The STA1 1202 indicates that it is in WURx active mode. For example, using the power mode indication bit in a packet, as in FIG 8th will be shown. When received by the STA2 1204, the STA1 1202 is treated as being in the WURx wake state and capable of receiving WUR broadcasts. The primary connectivity radio can be disabled at this point. The STA2 1204 can be a wake-up package 1212 send to the STA1 1202. A confirmation 1214 is sent by the STA1 1202, and when received by the STA2 1204, the power state of the STA1 1202 is treated as awake so that the primary connectivity radio is enabled and the STA1 1202 is able to transmit data 1216 to recieve. A confirmation of the data 1218 can be treated as a transition back to the slumber state. The STA1 1202 may also provide an indication of its power save mode 1220 send. This also applies if the STA2 1204 treats the STA1 1202 as if it is sleeping.

The 13 illustrates a block diagram of an example engine 1300 at which one or more of the techniques discussed herein (eg, methods) may be performed. In alternative embodiments, the machine may 1300 work as a standalone device, or it can be connected to other machines (eg, networked). In a networked use, the machine 1300 to work in the property as a server machine, a client machine, or in server-client network environments. In one example, the machine can 1300 act as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (P2P) (or other distributed) network environment. The machine 1300 can be a HE-AP 502 , a HE station 504 , a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable communication device, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a web device, a network router , -Switch or -Bridge or any machine capable of executing instructions (sequential or otherwise) specifying actions to be taken by that machine. Although only a single machine is illustrated, the term "machine" is further to be understood to include any collection of machines that individually or collectively execute a set (or sets of instructions) to perform any one or more of the instructions to perform methods discussed here, such as cloud computing, software as a service (SaaS), other computer cluster configurations.

The machine (eg, computer system) 1300 may be a hardware processor 1302 (For example, a main processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processing core, or any combination thereof), a main memory 1304 and a static memory 1306 some or all of which communicate with each other via a link (eg, a bus) 1308.

For specific examples of main memory 1304 include random access memory (RAM) and semiconductor memory devices, which in some embodiments may include memory locations in semiconductors, such as registers. Specific examples of static memory 1306 may include nonvolatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)). ), and flash memory devices, magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical disks, RAM and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks count.

The machine 1300 may further include a display device 1310 , an input device 1312 (eg, a keyboard) and a user interface (UI) navigation device 1314 (eg a mouse). In one example, the display device 1310 , the input device 1312 and the UI navigation device 1314 be a touchscreen display. The machine 1300 Additionally, a mass storage (eg, a drive) 1316, a signal generator, may be provided 1318 (eg, a speaker), a network interface device 1320 and one or more sensors 1321 such as a Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor, a compass, an accelerometer, or other sensors. The machine 1300 can be an output control 1328 such as a serial (eg, Universal Serial Bus (USB)), a parallel or other wired or wireless (eg, infrared (IR), near field communication (NFC), etc.) connection to communicate with or control one or more peripheral devices (eg, a printer, a card reader, etc.). In some embodiments, the processor 1302 and / or the instructions 1324 Processing circuitry and / or transceiver circuitry include.

The storage device 1316 can be a machine readable medium 1322 contain on the one or more sets of data structures or instructions 1324 (eg, software) that perform or are used by any one or more of the techniques or functions described herein. The instructions 1324 may also, completely or at least in part, during their execution by the machine 1300 in main memory 1304 , in static memory 1306 or in the hardware processor 1302 are located. In one example, one or all combinations of the hardware processor 1302 , the main memory 1304 , the static memory 1306 or the storage device 1316 form the machine-readable media.

Specific examples of machine-readable media may include nonvolatile memory such as semiconductor memory devices (eg, EPROM or EEPROM) and flash memory devices, magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical disks, RAM, and CD-ROM and DVD Count ROM disks.

Although the machine-readable medium 1322 As a single medium, the term "machine-readable medium" may include a single medium or multiple media (eg, a centralized or distributed database and / or associated caches and servers) for storing one or more instructions 1324 are configured.

A device of the machine 1300 may be one or more of the following: a hardware processor 1302 (For example, a main processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), a main memory 1304 and a static memory 1306 , Sensors 1321 , a network interface device 1320 , Antennas 1360 , a display device 1310 , an input device 1312 , a UI navigation device 1314 , a mass storage 1316 , Instructions 1324 , a signal generating device 1318 and an output controller 1328 , The apparatus may be configured to perform one or more of the methods and / or operations disclosed herein. The device can be considered a component of the machine 1300 be provided to perform one or more of the methods and / or operations disclosed herein and / or to perform a portion of one or more of the methods and / or operations disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the device may include a pin or other means for receiving power. In some embodiments, the device may include power conditioning hardware.

The term "machine-readable medium" may include any medium capable of instructions for execution by the machine 1300 store, encode or carry, and that causes the machine 1300 performs any one or more of the techniques of the present disclosure, or is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying data structures used or associated with such instructions. Non-limiting examples of a machine-readable medium may include semiconductor memory and optical and magnetic media. Specific examples of machine-readable media may include nonvolatile memory, such as semiconductor memory devices (eg, electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM)), and flash memory devices, magnetic disks, such as For example, internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical disks, random access memory (RAM), and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks count. In some examples, machine-readable media may include non-transitory machine-readable media. In some examples, machine-readable media may include machine-readable media that is not a transient propagating signal.

The instructions 1324 can furthermore via a communication network 1326 using a transmission medium via the network interface device 1320 send or receive using any of a number of broadcast protocols (e.g., Frame Forwarding, Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), etc.). ). Exemplary communication networks may include, but are not limited to, a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Packet Data Network (e.g., the Internet), mobile telephone networks (e.g., cellular networks), conventional telephone line - plain old telephone (POTS) networks and wireless data networks (eg the family of standards of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)) 802.11 known as Wi-Fi®, the family of IEEE 802.16 standards known as WiMAX®), the IEEE family 802.15.4 Standards, a family of Long Term Evolution (LTE) standards, a family of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) standards, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks.

In one example, the network interface device may 1320 one or more physical sockets (eg, Ethernet, coax or telephone jacks) or one or more antennas for connection to the communications network 1326 contain. In one example, the network interface device may 1320 one or more antennas 1360 to communicate wirelessly using at least one of the following, Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) techniques. In some examples, the network interface device may 1320 communicate wirelessly using multi-user MIMO techniques. The term "transmission medium" is to be taken to include any intangible medium capable of instructions for execution by the machine 1300 store, encode or carry, and it includes digital or analog communication signals or other immaterial medium to facilitate the communication of such software.

Logic or a number of components, modules, or mechanisms may count or work with examples described herein. Modules are tangible entities (eg, hardware) that are capable of performing specified operations, and that may be configured or designed in some way. In one example, circuits may be designed as a module in a specified manner (eg, internally or with respect to external entities, such as other circuits). In one example, all or portions of one or more computer systems (eg, a standalone, client, or server computer system) or one or more hardware processors may be replaced by firmware or software (eg, instructions, an application part, or an application engine) Application) may be configured as a module that operates to perform specified operations. In one example, the software may reside on a machine-readable medium. In one example, when executed by the underlying hardware of the module, the software causes the hardware to perform the specified operations.

Accordingly, the term "module" is understood to include a tangible entity, be it an entity that is physically constructed, specifically configured (eg, hard-wired), or temporarily configured (eg, temporarily) (eg. programmed) to operate in a specified manner or to perform some or all of the operations described herein. Considering examples where modules are temporarily configured, not every module needs to be implemented at all times. For example, if the modules include a general purpose hardware processor configured using software, the general purpose hardware processor may be configured as different modules at different times. Software can accordingly configure a hardware processor, for example, to build one particular module at a time and form another module at a different time.

Some embodiments may be fully or partially implemented in software and / or firmware. This software and / or firmware may take the form of instructions contained in or on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. These instructions may then be read and executed by one or more processors to facilitate the performance of the operations described herein. The instructions may be in any suitable form such as, but not limited to, source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. Such a computer-readable medium may include any tangible non-volatile medium for storing information in a form that is readable by one or more computers, such as, but not limited to, read-only memory (ROM). Random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory, etc.

The 14 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless device 1400 at which any one or more of the techniques discussed herein (eg, methods or operations) may be performed. The wireless device 1400 may be a HE device. The wireless device 1400 can be a HE-STA 504 and / or a HE-AP 502 be (eg 5 ). A HE-STA 504 and / or a HE-AP 502 can some or all of those in the 1 - 5 and 13 components shown included. The wireless device 1400 can be an exemplary machine 1300 be as related to the 13 is disclosed.

The wireless device 1400 can the processing circuitry 1408 contain. The processing circuitry 1408 can a transceiver 1402 , Physical Layer Circuitry (PHY Circuitry) 1404 and MAC layer circuitry (MAC circuitry) 1406 included, one or more of which is the sending and receiving of signals to and from other (s) wireless devices 1400 (eg the HE-AP 502 , the HE-STA 504 and / or the legacy facilities 506 ) using one or more antennas 1412 can enable. As an example: the PHY circuitry 1404 can perform various encoding and decoding functions, including the formation of baseband signals for transmission and decoding of received signals can count. As another example, the transceiver 1402 perform various transmitting and receiving functions, such as converting signals between a baseband area and a radio frequency (RF) area.

Accordingly, the PHY circuitry 1404 and the transceiver 1402 may be separate components, or they may be part of a combined component, e.g. B. the processing circuitry 1408 , In addition, some of the described functionalities related to transmitting and receiving signals may be performed by a combination including any, any or all of the following, the PHY circuitry 1404 , the transceiver 1402 , the MAC circuitry 1406 , the memory 1410 and other components or layers. The MAC circuitry 1406 can control access to the wireless medium. The wireless device 1400 can also store 1410 which is designed to perform the operations described herein, e.g. For example, some of the operations described herein may be performed by instructions stored in memory 1410 are stored.

The antennas 1412 (Some embodiments may include only one antenna) may include one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, stripline antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmitting RF signals. In some multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas 1412 be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result.

One or more of the following, the memory 1410 , the transceiver 1402 , the PHY circuitry 1404 , the MAC circuitry 1406 , the antennas 1412 and / or the processing circuitry 1408 , can be coupled with each other. Although the memory 1410 , the transceiver 1402 , the PHY circuitry 1404 , the MAC circuitry 1406 , the antennas 1412 In addition, one or more of the following, the memory, may be illustrated as separate components 1410 , the transceiver 1402 , the PHY circuitry 1404 , the MAC circuitry 1406 , the antennas 1412 , be integrated in an electronic package or chip.

In some embodiments, the wireless device may 1400 be a mobile device, as in connection with the 13 is described. In some embodiments, the wireless device may 1400 be configured to operate in accordance with one or more wireless communication standards, as described herein (eg, described in connection with US Pat 1 - 5 and 13 , the IEEE 802.11 ). In some embodiments, the wireless device may 1400 contain one or more components, as in connection with the 13 is described (eg the display device 1310 , the input device 1312 etc.). Although the wireless device 1400 is illustrated with multiple separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and implemented by combinations of software configured elements such as processing elements including digital signal processors (DSPs) and / or other hardware elements. For example, some elements may include one or more microprocessors, DSPs, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), integrated radio frequency circuits (RFICs), and combinations of various hardware and logic circuits, at least those described herein perform the functions described. In some embodiments, the functional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements.

In some embodiments, a device may be the wireless device 1400 or a device used by it, various components of the wireless device 1400 , like in the 14 is shown, and / or components of the 1 - 5 and 13 contain. Accordingly, techniques and operations described herein may apply to the wireless device 1400 refer, in some embodiments, to a device for a wireless device 1400 be applicable (eg the HE-AP 502 and / or the HE-STA 504 ). In some embodiments, the wireless device is 1400 configured to receive signals, packets and / or frames as described herein, e.g. As PPDUs to decode and / or encode.

In some embodiments, the MAC circuitry 1406 be configured to compete for a wireless medium during a contention period to receive control of the medium for a HE-TXOP and to encode or decode an HE-PPDU. In some embodiments, the MAC circuitry 1406 be designed to compete for the wireless medium based on channel contention settings, a transmit power level, and a clear channel assessment level (eg, an energy detection level).

The PHY circuitry 1404 may be configured to transmit signals in accordance with one or more communication standards described herein. For example, the PHY circuitry 1404 be configured to send a HE PPDU. The PHY circuitry 1404 may include modulation / demodulation, upconversion / downconverting, filtering, amplification, and the like. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry may 1408 contain one or more processors. The processing circuitry 1408 may be configured to perform functions based on instructions stored in a RAM or ROM or based on special circuitry. The processing circuitry 1408 may include a processor, such as a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor. The processing circuitry 1408 can implement one or more functions with the antennas 1412 , the transceiver 1402 , the PHY circuitry 1404 , the MAC circuitry 1406 and / or the memory 1410 are linked. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry may 1408 be configured to perform one or more of the functions / operations and / or methods described herein.

In millimeter-wave technology, communication between a station (eg, the HE stations 504 of the 5 or the wireless device 1400 ) and an access point (eg the HE-AP 502 of the 5 or the wireless device 1400 ) use linked effective wireless channels that are highly directional. To account for directionality, beamforming techniques can be used to radiate energy in a particular direction with a given beamwidth to communicate between two devices. The directional propagation concentrates the transmitted energy on a target device to compensate for significant energy loss in the channel between the two communicating devices. Using directional transmission may extend the range of millimeter-wave communication over the benefit of the same transmitted energy in omnidirectional propagation.

The above detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings are illustrative of specific embodiments that may be used. These embodiments are also referred to herein as "examples." Such examples may include elements in addition to those shown or described. However, examples containing the elements shown or described are also contemplated. Also contemplated are examples employing any combination or permutation of these shown or described elements (or one or more aspects thereof) either with respect to a particular example (or one or more aspects thereof) or with respect to other examples ( or one or more aspects thereof) shown or described herein.

Publications, patents, and patent documents referred to in this document are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety as if individually incorporated by reference. In case of inconsistent uses between this document and the documents thus incorporated by reference, the use in the incorporated reference document (s) shall be considered as supplementary to this document; for inconsistencies that are incompatible, use in this document takes precedence.

In this document, the term "a" is used, as is common in patents to include one or more than one, independently of other instances or uses of "at least one" or "one or more". In this document, the term "or" is used to refer to a non-exclusive or, such that "A or B" includes "A but not B", "B but not A" and "A and B" unless otherwise stated. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "wherein" are used as the equivalents in plain English of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein". Also, in the following claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are used openly, that is, a system, device, object, or process that includes elements in addition to those listed for such term in a claim , is still considered to fall within the scope of this claim. Furthermore, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," and so forth, are used as labels only and are not intended to indicate numerical order for their objects.

The embodiments as described above may be implemented in various hardware configurations that include a processor for executing instructions that performs the described techniques. Such instructions may be included in a machine readable medium, such as a suitable storage medium or memory or other processor executable medium.

The embodiments as described herein may be implemented in a number of environments, such as as part of a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication system, although the scope of the disclosure is not limited in this regard.

The antennas referred to herein may include one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, stripline antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmitting RF signals. In some embodiments, instead of two or more antennas, a single multi-aperture antenna may be used. In these embodiments, each aperture may be considered as a separate antenna. In some multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, antennas may be effectively separated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that may result between each of the antennas and the antennas of a transmitting station. In some MIMO embodiments, antennas may be separated by up to 1/10 of a wavelength or more.

Additional notes and examples:

Example 1 is a device of a station (STA) comprising: memory; and processing circuitry to: encode duty cycle timing for transmission to a second station via a primary connectivity radio; activate a waking radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) to receive a transmission based on the duty cycle timing of the WURx when the primary connectivity radio is in a sleep state from the perspective of the second station; decode a wake-up packet received from the second station by the WURx, the WURx receiving a WURx broadcast when in a WURx wakeful state; and activate the primary connectivity radio based on decoding the wake-up packet.

Example 2 includes the subject of the example 1 in that the processing circuitry is further configured to: encode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from the perspective of the second station upon receipt of the acknowledgment; decode a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) received from the second station; to encode a confirmation to the MPDU; disable the primary connectivity radio based on the acknowledgment; and enable the WURx based on the duty cycle timing.

In Example 3, the subject matter of Examples 1-2 includes the WURx, where the WURx decodes the wake-up packet.

In Example 4, the subject of the example contains 3 the primary connectivity radio.

In Example 5, the subject matter of Examples 1-4 further includes configuring the processing circuitry to encode a frame including a WUR mode element indicating a power management mode of the WURx over the primary connectivity radio to provide the duty cycle timing Taxes.

In Example 6, the subject matter of the example includes 5 in that the power management mode comprises a WURx active mode or a WURx power saving mode.

Example 7 includes the subject of the example 6 in that the power management mode is WURx power saving and that the WURx is on based on the duty cycle.

In Example 8, the subject matter of Examples 6-7 includes that the power management mode is WURx active mode and that the WURx is on regardless of the duty cycle.

In Example 9, the subject matter of Examples 1-8 includes that the second station is an access point (AP).

In Example 10, the subject matter of Examples 1-9 includes that the processing circuitry is further configured to disable the WURx based on the decoding of the wake-up packet.

In Example 11, the subject matter of Examples 1-10 involves storing the duty cycle in memory.

Example 12 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium that includes instructions for causing a station (STA), when executing instructions by the processing circuitry of the STA, to encode: duty cycle timing for transmission to a second station via a primary connectivity radio; activating a wake-up radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) to receive a transmission based on the duty cycle timing of the WURx when the primary connectivity radio is in a sleep state from the perspective of the second station; a wake-up package decoded received by the second station by the WURx, the WURx receiving a WURx broadcast when in a WURx wakeful state; and activating the primary connectivity radio based on decoding the wake-up packet.

In Example 13, the subject matter of the example includes 12 in that the instructions further cause the STA: to encode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from the perspective of the second station upon receipt of the acknowledgment; decode a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) received from the second station; encode a confirmation to the MPDU; disable the primary connectivity radio based on the acknowledgment; and activate the WURx based on the duty cycle timing.

In Example 14, the subject matter of Examples 12-13 includes that the WURx decodes the wake-up packet.

In Example 15, the subject matter of Examples 12-14 further includes that the instructions cause the STA to encode a frame containing a WUR mode element indicative of a power management mode of the WURx over the primary connectivity radio to provide the duty cycle timing Taxes.

Example 16 includes the subject of the example 15 in that the power management mode comprises a WURx active mode or a WURx power saving mode.

Example 17 includes the subject of the example 16 in that the power management mode is WURx power saving and that the WURx is on based on the duty cycle.

In Example 18, the subject matter of Examples 16-17 includes that the power management mode is WURx active mode and that the WURx is on regardless of the duty cycle.

In Example 19, the subject matter of Examples 12-18 includes that the second station is an access point (AP).

In Example 20, the subject matter of Examples 12-19 includes that the instructions further cause the STA to disable the WURx based on decoding the awakening packet.

Example 21 is a device of a station (STA) comprising: memory; and processing circuitry for: decoding the duty cycle timing received from a second station; determine whether a waking radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) of the second station is awake based on the duty cycle timing; and encode a wakeup packet for transmission to the second station based on the WURx of the second station being awake, a primary connectivity transceiver of the second station being activated based on the decoding of the wakeup packet.

Example 22 includes the subject of the example 21 in that the processing circuitry is further configured to: decode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from the perspective of the station upon receipt of the acknowledgment; to encode a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) for the second station; and decode an acknowledgment to the MPDU, wherein the primary connectivity transceiver of the second station is disabled based on the acknowledgment and the WURx is activated based on the duty cycle timing.

Example 23 includes the subject of the example 22 in that the processing circuitry is further configured to decode a frame containing a WUR mode element indicating a power management mode of the WURx to control the duty cycle timing.

Example 24 includes the subject of the example 23 in that the power management mode comprises a WURx active mode or a WURx power saving mode.

Example 25 includes the subject of the example 24 in that the power management mode is WURx power saving and that the WURx is on based on the duty cycle.

In Example 26, the subject matter of Examples 24-25 includes that the power management mode is WURx active mode and that the WURx is on regardless of the duty cycle.

In Example 27, the subject matter of Examples 21-26 includes that the station is an access point (AP).

Example 28 is a non-transitory computer-readable medium that includes instructions to cause a station (STA), in executing the instructions by the processing circuitry of the STA: to decode the duty cycle timing received from a second station; determines if a Wake-up (WUR) receiver (WURx) of the second station is in awake state based on the duty cycle timing; and a wake-up packet for transmitting to the second station based on the WURx of the second station being awake, a primary connectivity transceiver of the second station being enabled based on decoding the wake-up packet.

Example 29 includes the subject of the example 28 in that the instructions further cause the STA: to decode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from the perspective of the station upon receipt of the acknowledgment; a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) for the second station encoded; and decodes an acknowledgment to the MPDU, wherein the primary connectivity transceiver of the second station is disabled based on the acknowledgment and the WURx is activated based on the duty cycle timing.

Example 30 includes the subject of the example 29 in that the instructions further cause the STA to decode a frame containing a WUR mode element indicating a power management mode of the WURx to control the duty cycle timing.

Example 31 includes the subject of the example 30 in that the power management mode comprises a WURx active mode or a WURx power saving mode.

Example 32 includes the subject of the example 31 in that the power management mode is WURx power saving and that the WURx is on based on the duty cycle.

In Example 33, the subject matter of Examples 31-32 includes that the power management mode is WURx active mode and that the WURx is on regardless of the duty cycle.

In Example 34, the subject matter of Examples 28-33 includes that the station is an access point (AP).

Example 35 is at least one machine-readable medium containing instructions that, when executed by the processing circuitry, cause the processing circuitry to perform operations to implement any of Examples 1-34.

Example 36 is a device that includes means for implementing any of Examples 1-34.

Example 37 is a system for implementing any of Examples 1-34.

Example 38 is a method of implementing any of Examples 1-34.

The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the examples described above (or one or more of their aspects) may be used in combination with others. Other embodiments may be used after reviewing the above description, such as by one of ordinary skill in the art. The summary is intended to allow the reader to quickly grasp the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Also, in the above detailed description, various features may have been grouped together to streamline the disclosure. However, the claims may not set forth all features disclosed herein because embodiments may designate a subset of the features. Furthermore, the embodiments may include fewer features than those disclosed in a particular example. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with a claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. The scope of the embodiments disclosed herein is to be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of the equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 62/461646 [0001]
• US 62484461 [0001]

Claims (25)

Device of a station (STA), the device comprising: Storage; and Processing circuitry to: To encode duty cycle timing for transmission to a second station via a primary connectivity radio; activate a waking radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) to receive a transmission based on the duty cycle timing of the WURx when the primary connectivity radio is in a sleep state from the perspective of the second station; decode a wake-up packet received from the second station by the WURx, the WURx configured to receive a WURx broadcast when in a WURx wakeful state; and activate the primary connectivity radio based on decoding the wake-up packet. Device after Claim 1 wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to: encode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity transceiver being in a wakeful state upon receipt of the acknowledgment from the second station; decode a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) received from the second station; to encode a confirmation to the MPDU; disable the primary connectivity radio based on the acknowledgment; and activate the WURx based on the duty cycle timing, wherein the duty cycle timing determines when the WURx is turned on. Device after Claim 1 further comprising the WURx, wherein the WURx decodes the wake-up packet. Device after Claim 3 further comprising the primary connectivity radio. Device after Claim 1 wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to encode a frame including a WUR mode element indicating a power management mode of the WURx via the primary connectivity radio to control the duty cycle timing. Device after Claim 5 wherein the power management mode comprises a WURx active mode or a WURx power saving mode. Device after Claim 6 wherein the power management mode is WURx power saving and the WURx is on based on the duty cycle timing. Device after Claim 6 wherein the power management mode is WURx active mode and the WURx is on regardless of the duty cycle timing. Device according to one of Claims 1 - 8th , where the second station is an access point (AP). Device according to one of Claims 1 - 8th wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to disable the WURx based on decoding the wake-up packet. Device according to one of Claims 1 - 8th , where the duty cycle timing is stored in memory. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions for causing a station (STA) to execute the instructions by the processing circuitry of the STA: the duty cycle timing is encoded for transmission to a second station via a primary connectivity radio; activating a wake-up radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) to receive a transmission based on the duty cycle timing of the WURx when the primary connectivity radio is in a sleep state from the perspective of the second station; decodes a wake-up packet received from the second station by the WURx, the WURx receiving a WURx broadcast when in a WURx wakeful state; and activates the primary connectivity radio based on decoding the wake-up packet. Non-volatile computer readable medium after Claim 12 wherein the instructions further cause the STA: to encode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from a perspective of the second station upon receiving the acknowledgment; decode a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) received from the second station; encode a confirmation to the MPDU; disable the primary connectivity radio based on the acknowledgment; and activate the WURx based on the duty cycle timing. Non-volatile computer readable medium after Claim 12 where the WURx decodes the wakeup packet. Non-volatile computer readable medium after Claim 12 wherein the instructions further cause the STA to encode a frame containing a WUR mode element indicating a power management mode of the WURx over the primary connectivity radio to control the duty cycle timing. Non-volatile computer readable medium after Claim 15 wherein the power management mode comprises a WURx active mode or a WURx power saving mode. Non-volatile computer readable medium after Claim 16 wherein the power management mode is WURx power saving and the WURx is on based on the duty cycle timing. Non-volatile computer readable medium after Claim 16 , where the power management mode is WURx-Active and the WURx is on regardless of the duty cycle timing. Non-volatile computer readable medium after one of the Claims 12 - 18 wherein the instructions further cause the STA to disable the WURx based on decoding the awakening packet. A method of power management, the method comprising: Encoding the duty cycle timing for transmission to a second station via a primary connectivity radio; Activating a wake-up radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) to receive a transmission based on the duty cycle timing of the WURx when the primary connectivity radio is in a sleep state from the perspective of the second station; Decoding a wakeup packet received from the second station by the WURx, the WURx configured to receive a WURx broadcast when in a WURx wakefulness state; and Activating the primary connectivity radio based on decoding the wake-up packet. Method according to Claim 20 method further comprising: encoding a confirmation for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from a perspective of the second station upon receiving the acknowledgment; Decoding a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) received from the second station; Encoding an acknowledgment to the MPDU; Disabling the primary connectivity radio based on the acknowledgment; and activating the WURx based on the duty cycle timing, wherein the duty cycle timing determines when the WURx is turned on. Method according to Claim 20 further comprising decoding the awakening packet by the WURx. Device of a station (STA), the device comprising: Storage; and Processing circuitry to: to decode the duty cycle timing received from a second station; determine whether a waking radio (WUR) receiver (WURx) of the second station is awake based on the duty cycle timing; and encode a wake-up packet for transmission to the second station based on the WURx of the second station being awake, a primary connectivity transceiver of the second station being activated based on the decoding of the wake-up packet. Device after Claim 23 wherein the processing circuitry further is configured to: decode an acknowledgment for transmission from the primary connectivity radio, the primary connectivity radio being in a wakeful state from a perspective of the station upon receipt of the acknowledgment; to encode a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) for the second station; and decode an acknowledgment to the MPDU, wherein the primary connectivity transceiver of the second station is disabled based on the acknowledgment and the WURx is activated based on the duty cycle timing. Device after Claim 24 wherein the processing circuitry further is configured to decode a frame containing a WUR mode element indicating a power management mode of the WURx to control the duty cycle timing.

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