DE102017218658A1 - Exhaust treatment plant for gasoline engines - Google Patents

Exhaust treatment plant for gasoline engines Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102017218658A1
DE102017218658A1 DE102017218658.5A DE102017218658A DE102017218658A1 DE 102017218658 A1 DE102017218658 A1 DE 102017218658A1 DE 102017218658 A DE102017218658 A DE 102017218658A DE 102017218658 A1 DE102017218658 A1 DE 102017218658A1
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Prior art keywords
jet pump
treatment plant
exhaust
exhaust treatment
regeneration
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DE102017218658.5A
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German (de)
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Sebastian Kobler
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/54—Installations characterised by use of jet pumps, e.g. combinations of two or more jet pumps of different type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasbehandlungsanlage eines Ottomotors und ein Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters in der Abgasanlage.The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment system of a gasoline engine and a method for the regeneration of a particulate filter in the exhaust system.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasbehandlungsanlage eines Ottomotors und ein Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters in der Abgasanlage.The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment system of a gasoline engine and a method for the regeneration of a particulate filter in the exhaust system.

Um verschärfte Grenzwerte für Partikelemissionen einhalten zu können, werden zunehmend auch Kraftfahrzeuge mit Ottomotor mit einem Partikelfilter ausgestattet. In der Regel ist dieser einem Drei-Wege-Katalysator für die Abgasreinigung nachgeschaltet.In order to be able to comply with stricter limits for particulate emissions, motor vehicles with gasoline engines are also increasingly being equipped with a particulate filter. As a rule, this is followed by a three-way catalytic converter for the exhaust gas purification.

Wenn durch die Partikelbeladung ein hoher Abgasgegendruck den Abgasausstoß zu stark behindert, wird eine Regeneration des Partikelfilters notwendig. Die Regeneration des Filters erfolgt durch Verbrennung der eingelagerten Partikel. Zur Verbrennung der angesammelten Partikel werden eine bestimmte Temperatur und Sauerstoff benötigt. Die notwendige Abbrandtemperatur für eine Regeneration liegt bei mindestens 500-550 °C.If a high exhaust backpressure hinders the exhaust emissions too much due to the particle load, regeneration of the particulate filter becomes necessary. The regeneration of the filter takes place by combustion of the stored particles. To burn the accumulated particles a certain temperature and oxygen are needed. The necessary combustion temperature for regeneration is at least 500-550 ° C.

Bei der Regeneration des Partikelfilters wird vor dem Partikelfilter Umgebungsluft in das Abgassystem eingeleitet, um zusätzlichen Sauerstoff für die Verbrennung der im Partikelfilter abgelagerten Rußpartikel zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die Bereitstellung von Sauerstoff erfolgt derzeit durch Schubphasen, mageren Motorbetrieb oder Verbrennungsaussetzer. Alternativ kommen teure Sekundärluftsysteme oder Zusatzgebläse zum Einsatz. Bei den derzeit eingesetzten Abgassystemen und Verfahren ist die Partikelfilterregeneration häufig mit spürbaren Komforteinbußen und einem schlechten Regenerationsgrad verbunden.During the regeneration of the particulate filter, ambient air is introduced into the exhaust system upstream of the particulate filter in order to provide additional oxygen for the combustion of the soot particles deposited in the particulate filter. The provision of oxygen is currently carried out by overrun phases, lean engine operation or combustion misfires. Alternatively, expensive secondary air systems or auxiliary fans are used. In the currently used exhaust systems and processes, particulate filter regeneration is often associated with noticeable loss of comfort and a poor degree of regeneration.

Vor diesem Hintergrund hat sich die vorliegende Erfindung die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Abgasbehandlungsanlage für einen Ottomotor und ein Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters in der Abgasanlage zur Verfügung zu stellen.Against this background, the present invention has the object to provide an exhaust gas treatment system for a gasoline engine and a method for the regeneration of a particulate filter in the exhaust system available.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Abgasbehandlungsanlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9. Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.The object is achieved by an exhaust gas treatment plant with the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 9. Further embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Strahlpumpe eingesetzt, um den für die Partikelfilterregeneration benötigten Sauerstoff zur Verfügung zu stellen, nämlich durch Einsaugen von Luft in den Abgasstrang oder einen Teil des Abgasstranges vor dem Partikelfilter.According to the invention, a jet pump is used in order to provide the oxygen required for the particle filter regeneration, namely by sucking air into the exhaust gas line or a part of the exhaust gas line upstream of the particle filter.

Es sind bereits verschiedene Anwendungen von Venturi-Düsen in Abgasanlagen von Kraftfahrzeugen vorgeschlagen worden.Various applications of venturi nozzles have been proposed in automotive exhaust systems.

So offenbart die CN 105332767 A eine Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für ein sich elektrisch selbstreinigendes Dieselfahrzeug, welche eine Sekundärlufteinspeisung mit Venturi-Düse aufweist. Ein nach der Venturi-Düse angeordnetes Prallblech wird in Vibration versetzt, um darauf abgeschiedene Rußpartikel mechanisch zu entfernen.So revealed the CN 105332767 A an exhaust gas purification device for an electrically self-cleaning diesel vehicle, which has a secondary air supply with Venturi nozzle. A baffle placed after the venturi is vibrated to mechanically remove soot particles deposited thereon.

Aus der GB 1022402 A ist ein Abgasnachbehandlungssystem für einen Verbrennungsmotor bekannt, welches eine vor einem Abgaskatalysator angeordnete Venturi-Düse umfasst, über die Sekundärluft in das Abgas eingebracht wird, um die Entfernung unverbrannter Bestandteile im Katalysator sicherzustellen.From the GB 1022402 A For example, an exhaust aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine is known that includes a venturi disposed upstream of an exhaust catalyst via which secondary air is introduced into the exhaust gas to ensure removal of unburned components in the catalyst.

Aus der US 3338682 A geht ein Sekundärluft-Schalldämpfer eines Fahrzeugs hervor, der mit einer Venturi-Düse versehen ist. Die Venturi-Düse dient in Kombination mit einem Gebläse dazu, Sekundärluft in einen Abgasstrang vor einem Katalysator einzubringen, um die vollständige Verbrennung unverbrannter Abgasbestandteile zu erreichen.From the US 3338682 A A secondary air silencer of a vehicle is provided, which is provided with a Venturi nozzle. The venturi, in combination with a blower, serves to introduce secondary air into an exhaust line in front of a catalyst to achieve complete combustion of unburned exhaust constituents.

Jedoch ist bislang noch keine Abgasbehandlungsanlage für einen Ottomotor bekannt geworden, in der eine Strahlpumpe vor einem Partikelfilter angeordnet ist.However, so far no exhaust treatment plant for a gasoline engine has become known, in which a jet pump is arranged in front of a particle filter.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Abgasbehandlungsanlage eines Ottomotors, welche mindestens einen Partikelfilter und mindestens eine im Abgasstrang stromaufwärts des Partikelfilters angeordnete Strahlpumpe zum Einbringen von Umgebungsluft in den Abgasstrang aufweist, wobei der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe regulierbar ist.The invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment plant of a gasoline engine, which has at least one particle filter and arranged in the exhaust line upstream of the particulate filter jet pump for introducing ambient air into the exhaust line, wherein the air flow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump is adjustable.

Die erfindungsgemäße Abgasbehandlungsanlage weist mindestens einen Partikelfilter auf. Der Partikelfilter kann ein wanddurchflutetes Keramikmodul sein, zum Beispiel ein wabenförmiges Modul mit parallel verlaufenden Kanälen, deren Kanalenden wechselseitig verschlossen sind, so dass der Abgasstrom von der Einströmseite durch die Kanalwände der am hinteren Ende verschlossenen Kanäle in die am vorderen Ende verschlossenen Kanäle und weiter zur Ausströmseite fließt, oder ein Sintermetallfilter, der geschlossene und gefaltete Taschen aus porösem Sintermetall aufweist, oder ein Nebenstrom-Tiefbettfilter, welcher die Rußpartikel durch gezielte Strömungsumlenkungen aus dem Abgasstrom abscheidet. In einer Ausführungsform kann der Partikelfilter auch ein sogenannter Vier-Wege-Katalysator sein. Dieser besteht aus einem mit einer katalytischen Beschichtung versehenen wabenartigen wanddurchfluteten Keramikmodul, dessen Kanäle an einem Ende verschlossen sind. Partikel werden in den Kanälen zurückgehalten und katalytisch oxidiert.The exhaust gas treatment plant according to the invention has at least one particle filter. The particulate filter may be a wall-flooded ceramic module, for example a honeycomb module with parallel channels whose channel ends are mutually closed so that the exhaust gas flow from the inflow side through the channel walls of the closed at the rear end channels in the closed at the front end channels and on to Outflow side flows, or a sintered metal filter having closed and folded pockets of porous sintered metal, or a sidestream Tiefbettfilter which separates the soot particles by targeted flow deflections from the exhaust stream. In one embodiment, the particulate filter may also be a so-called four-way catalyst. This consists of a provided with a catalytic coating honeycomb wall-flooded ceramic module whose channels are closed at one end. Particles are retained in the channels and catalytically oxidized.

In einer Ausführungsform weist die Abgasbehandlungsanlage mindestens einen stromaufwärts angeordneten Dreiwege-Katalysator mit mindestens einer Strahlpumpe auf. In one embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment system has at least one upstream three-way catalytic converter with at least one jet pump.

In einer anderen Ausführungsform weist die Abgasbehandlungsanlage mindestens einen Oxidationskatalysator auf. Dieser ist vor dem Partikelfilter angeordnet, um die Abgastemperatur zu erhöhen. Um eine deutliche Temperaturerhöhung des Abgases am Oxidationskatalysator zu erzielen, ist neben einer hohen Konzentration von Kohlenwasserstoffen und Kohlenmonoxid ein hinreichender Restsauerstoffgehalt notwendig. Die Kohlenwasserstoffkonzentration lässt sich beispielsweise durch innermotorische Nacheinspritzung oder Kraftstoffeinbringung in den Abgasstrang vor dem Oxidationskatalysator stark erhöhen. Der Kraftstoff verbrennt im Oxidationskatalysator und kann die Abgastemperatur so weit anheben, dass diese für die Zündung der Rußablagerungen im folgenden Partikelfilter ausreichend ist.In another embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment plant has at least one oxidation catalyst. This is located in front of the particulate filter to increase the exhaust gas temperature. In order to achieve a significant increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas on the oxidation catalyst, a sufficient residual oxygen content is necessary in addition to a high concentration of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The hydrocarbon concentration can be greatly increased, for example by internal engine post-injection or fuel injection into the exhaust line before the oxidation catalyst. The fuel burns in the oxidation catalyst and can raise the exhaust gas temperature so that it is sufficient for the ignition of the soot deposits in the following particle filter.

Die erfindungsgemäße Abgasbehandlungsanlage weist mindestens eine im Abgasstrang oder in einem Teil des Abgasstranges stromaufwärts des Partikelfilters angeordnete Strahlpumpe zum Einbringen von Umgebungsluft in den Abgasstrang auf. Eine Strahlpumpe ist eine Pumpe, in der die Pumpwirkung durch einen Fluidstrahl („Treibmedium“) erzeugt wird, der durch Impulsaustausch ein anderes Medium („Saugmedium“) ansaugt, beschleunigt und verdichtet oder fördert, sofern es unter ausreichendem Druck steht. Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Gas- oder Luftstrahlpumpe eingesetzt. Sowohl Treibmedium (Abgasstrom) als auch Saugmedium (Umgebungsluft) sind im Wesentlichen gasförmig.The exhaust gas treatment plant according to the invention has at least one jet pump arranged in the exhaust gas line or in a part of the exhaust line upstream of the particle filter for introducing ambient air into the exhaust gas line. A jet pump is a pump in which the pumping action is produced by a jet of fluid ("propellant") which, by momentum exchange, sucks, accelerates and compresses or promotes another medium ("suction medium"), provided that it is under sufficient pressure. According to the invention, a gas or air jet pump is used. Both the driving medium (exhaust gas flow) and the suction medium (ambient air) are essentially gaseous.

In einer Ausführungsform umfasst die Strahlpumpe eine Venturi-Düse. Eine Venturi-Düse besteht aus einem glattwandigen Rohrstück mit einer Verengung des Querschnitts, beispielsweise durch zwei gegeneinander gerichtete Konen, die an der Stelle ihres geringsten Durchmessers vereint sind. An dieser Stelle mündet seitlich ein Abnahmerohr in die Düse. Fließt durch die Venturi-Düse ein gasförmiges Medium, so ist an der engsten Stelle des Rohres der dynamische Druck (Staudruck) maximal und der statische Druck minimal. Die Geschwindigkeit des fließenden Gases steigt im Verhältnis der Querschnitte beim Durchströmen des eingeschnürten Teils an, weil überall dieselbe Menge durchfließt. Gleichzeitig sinkt der Druck im Abnahmerohr, das genau im engen Teil ansetzt. Damit entsteht ein Differenzdruck, der dann zum Ansaugen von Gasen benutzt wird. Die Druckdifferenz ist bei idealen Gasen durch die erweiterte Bernoulli-Gleichung gegeben.In one embodiment, the jet pump includes a venturi. A Venturi nozzle consists of a smooth-walled piece of pipe with a narrowing of the cross-section, for example by two oppositely directed cones, which are united at the point of their smallest diameter. At this point opens a pick-up tube in the nozzle. If a gaseous medium flows through the Venturi nozzle, the dynamic pressure (dynamic pressure) at the narrowest point of the tube is maximal and the static pressure minimal. The velocity of the flowing gas increases in proportion to the cross sections as it flows through the constricted part, because everywhere the same amount flows through. At the same time, the pressure in the sampling tube drops, which starts precisely in the narrow part. This creates a differential pressure which is then used to draw in gases. The pressure difference is given in ideal gases by the extended Bernoulli equation.

In einer Ausführungsform erfolgt der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe über mindestens ein Ansaugrohr. In einer Ausführungsform erfolgt das Ansaugen der Luft durch ein einfaches Ansaugrohr vom Fahrzeugunterboden aus.In one embodiment, the air inflow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump via at least one intake pipe. In one embodiment, the suction of the air takes place through a simple intake pipe from the vehicle underbody.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe regulierbar. In einer Ausführungsform ist der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe über ein Ventil regulierbar. Durch das Ventil kann die Luftzufuhr unterbrochen bzw. verschlossen werden, um Falschlufteintrag und Fehlregeneration zu verhindern. In einer Ausführungsform umfasst die Regulierung lediglich das Öffnen und Schließen der Luftzufuhr. In einer anderen Ausführungsform umfasst die Regulierung eine Regelung der Luftzufuhr zwischen 0% und 100%.According to the invention, the air inflow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump can be regulated. In one embodiment, the air flow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump can be regulated via a valve. Through the valve, the air supply can be interrupted or closed to prevent false air entry and false regeneration. In one embodiment, the regulation includes only the opening and closing of the air supply. In another embodiment, the regulation includes a control of the air supply between 0% and 100%.

In einer Ausführungsform ist das Ventil ein Rückschlagventil. In einer speziellen Ausführungsform ist das Ventil ein mechanisches Rückschlagventil. In einer anderen Ausführungsform ist das Ventil ein elektrisch gesteuertes Ventil, insbesondere ein elektrisch gesteuertes Rückschlagventil.In one embodiment, the valve is a check valve. In a specific embodiment, the valve is a mechanical check valve. In another embodiment, the valve is an electrically controlled valve, in particular an electrically controlled non-return valve.

Zu den Vorteilen der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasbehandlungsanlage gehört, dass teure Partikelfiltergebläse oder Sekundärluftsysteme eingespart werden können. Aufgrund des einfachen Aufbaus ist die Abgasbehandlungsanlage leicht zu montieren und kostengünstig herzustellen. Wegen des Fehlens von bewegten Teilen und eines Antriebs in der Strahlpumpe ist es besonders robust, wartungs- und verschleißarm. Die Strahlpumpe kann aus thermisch und chemisch beständigen Spezialwerkstoffen, z. B. Keramik hergestellt werden. Die Strahlpumpe fungiert zusätzlich als Mischer für Abgas und Sekundärluft und sorgt für eine homogene Verteilung der Umgebungsluft im Abgasstrom.Among the advantages of the exhaust treatment plant according to the invention is that expensive particulate filter blower or secondary air systems can be saved. Due to the simple structure of the exhaust treatment plant is easy to assemble and inexpensive to manufacture. Because of the lack of moving parts and a drive in the jet pump, it is particularly robust, low maintenance and wear. The jet pump can be made of thermally and chemically resistant special materials, eg. B. ceramics are produced. The jet pump also acts as a mixer for exhaust gas and secondary air and ensures a homogeneous distribution of the ambient air in the exhaust gas flow.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters in einer Abgasbehandlungsanlage eines Ottomotors. Im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird während der Regeneration des Partikelfilters mittels einer im Abgasstrang stromaufwärts des Partikelfilters angeordneten Strahlpumpe Umgebungsluft in den Abgasstrom eingeleitet.The invention also provides a method for the regeneration of a particulate filter in an exhaust gas treatment plant of a gasoline engine. In the method according to the invention ambient air is introduced into the exhaust gas flow during the regeneration of the particulate filter by means of a jet pump arranged in the exhaust gas line upstream of the particulate filter.

Erfindungsgemäß wird nur während der Regeneration des Partikelfilters Umgebungsluft über die Strahlpumpe eingeleitet. Außerhalb der Regenerationsphasen, d.h. vor und nach der Regeneration, ist die Luftzufuhr zur Saugseite der Strahlpumpe unterbrochen, beispielsweise durch Schließen eines Ventils in der Ansaugleitung der Strahlpumpe. In einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens umfasst die Strahlpumpe eine Venturi-Düse.According to the invention, ambient air is introduced via the jet pump only during regeneration of the particulate filter. Outside the regeneration phases, i. before and after the regeneration, the air supply to the suction side of the jet pump is interrupted, for example by closing a valve in the intake of the jet pump. In one embodiment of the method, the jet pump comprises a venturi nozzle.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird eine sichere Regeneration des Partikelfilters ohne Komforteinbußen erreicht. Eigens zur Regeneration des Partikelfilters durchzuführende Regenerationsfahrten entfallen. The inventive method a safe regeneration of the particulate filter is achieved without loss of comfort. Especially for the regeneration of the particulate filter to be carried out regeneration omitted.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • CN 105332767 A [0009]CN 105332767 A [0009]
  • GB 1022402 A [0010]GB 1022402A [0010]
  • US 3338682 A [0011]US Pat. No. 3,338,682 A [0011]

Claims (10)

Abgasbehandlungsanlage eines Ottomotors, welche mindestens einen Partikelfilter und mindestens eine im Abgasstrang stromaufwärts des Partikelfilters angeordnete Strahlpumpe zum Einbringen von Umgebungsluft in den Abgasstrang aufweist, wobei der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe regulierbar ist.Exhaust treatment plant of a gasoline engine, which has at least one particle filter and at least one arranged in the exhaust line upstream of the particulate filter jet pump for introducing ambient air into the exhaust line, wherein the air flow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump is adjustable. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach Anspruch 1, welche mindestens einen stromaufwärts der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe angeordneten Dreiwege-Katalysator aufweist.Exhaust treatment plant after Claim 1 which has at least one upstream of the at least one jet pump arranged three-way catalyst. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, welche mindestens einen Oxidationskatalysator aufweist.Exhaust treatment plant after Claim 1 or 2 which has at least one oxidation catalyst. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, worin der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe über ein Ventil regulierbar ist.Exhaust treatment plant according to one of Claims 1 to 3 in which the air flow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump can be regulated via a valve. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach Anspruch 4, worin das Ventil ein mechanisches Rückschlagventil ist.Exhaust treatment plant after Claim 4 wherein the valve is a mechanical check valve. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach Anspruch 4, worin das Ventil ein elektrisch gesteuertes Rückschlagventil ist.Exhaust treatment plant after Claim 4 wherein the valve is an electrically controlled check valve. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, worin der Luftzufluss zur Saugseite der mindestens einen Strahlpumpe über mindestens ein Ansaugrohr erfolgt.Exhaust treatment plant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the air flow to the suction side of the at least one jet pump via at least one intake pipe. Abgasbehandlungsanlage nach einem voranstehenden Ansprüche, worin die Strahlpumpe eine Venturi-Düse umfasst.Exhaust treatment plant according to any preceding claim, wherein the jet pump comprises a Venturi nozzle. Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Partikelfilters in einer Abgasbehandlungsanlage eines Ottomotors, worin während der Regeneration mittels einer im Abgasstrang stromaufwärts des Partikelfilters angeordneten Strahlpumpe Umgebungsluft in den Abgasstrom eingeleitet wird, und die Luftzufuhr zur Saugseite der Strahlpumpe vor und nach der Regeneration unterbrochen wird.Method for the regeneration of a particulate filter in an exhaust gas treatment plant of a gasoline engine, wherein ambient air is introduced into the exhaust stream during regeneration by means of a jet pump arranged in the exhaust line upstream of the particulate filter, and the air supply to the suction side of the jet pump before and after the regeneration is interrupted. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, worin die Strahlpumpe eine Venturi-Düse umfasst.Method according to Claim 9 wherein the jet pump comprises a venturi nozzle.
DE102017218658.5A 2017-10-19 2017-10-19 Exhaust treatment plant for gasoline engines Withdrawn DE102017218658A1 (en)

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GB1022402A (en) 1961-09-15 1966-03-16 Walker Mfg Co Improvements in exhaust purifying systems for internal combustion engines
US3338682A (en) 1964-12-14 1967-08-29 Walker Mfg Co Muffler secondary air silencer
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019103001A1 (en) * 2019-02-07 2020-08-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Particulate filter assembly for motor vehicles, motor vehicles and methods for regenerating a particle filter
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