DE102017216386B4 - Traction network of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Traction network of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102017216386B4 DE102017216386B4 DE102017216386.0A DE102017216386A DE102017216386B4 DE 102017216386 B4 DE102017216386 B4 DE 102017216386B4 DE 102017216386 A DE102017216386 A DE 102017216386A DE 102017216386 B4 DE102017216386 B4 DE 102017216386B4
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- electric machine
- inductances
- switching elements
- inverter
- traction network
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
Traktionsnetz (1) eines Kraftfahrzeuges, umfassend mindestens ein Steuergerät (6), eine Hochvoltbatterie, mindestens einen Zwischenkreiskondensator (3), eine dreiphasige Elektromaschine (5), einen Wechselrichter (4) mit drei Halbbrücken (7.1 - 7.3), wobei in den Halbbrücken (7.1 - 7.3) jeweils mindestens 2 Halbleiterschaltelemente (8.1 - 8.3, 9.1 - 9.3) angeordnet sind, zu denen jeweils eine Diode (D1 - D6) antiparallel geschaltet ist, wobei mindestens ein Anschluss (A) zum Anschließen einer externen Gleichspannungsquelle vorgesehen ist, wobei das Steuergerät (6) derart ausgebildet ist, den Wechselrichter (4) derart anzusteuern, das dieser unter Einschluss der Induktivitäten (L1 -L3) der Elektromaschine (5) als DC/DC-Wandler betrieben wird, wobei das Steuergerät (6) derart ausgebildet ist, dass zeitgleich nur zwei Phasen der Elektromaschine (5) bestromt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anschluss (A) mit einem Sternpunkt (SP) der Elektromaschine (5) verbunden ist.Traction network (1) of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one control unit (6), a high-voltage battery, at least one intermediate circuit capacitor (3), a three-phase electric machine (5), an inverter (4) with three half-bridges (7.1 - 7.3), with the half-bridges (7.1 - 7.3) each at least 2 semiconductor switching elements (8.1 - 8.3, 9.1 - 9.3) are arranged, to each of which a diode (D1 - D6) is connected in anti-parallel, with at least one connection (A) being provided for connecting an external direct voltage source, wherein the control device (6) is designed to control the inverter (4) in such a way that it is operated as a DC / DC converter including the inductances (L1 -L3) of the electric machine (5), the control device (6) in such a way is designed that only two phases of the electric machine (5) are energized at the same time, characterized in that the connection (A) is connected to a star point (SP) of the electric machine (5).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Traktionsnetz eines Kraftfahrzeuges.The invention relates to a traction network of a motor vehicle.
Ein Traktionsnetz eines Kraftfahrzeuges umfasst üblicherweise mindestens ein Steuergerät, eine Hochvoltbatterie, mindestens einen Zwischenkreiskondensator, eine dreiphasige Elektromaschine und einen Wechselrichter mit drei Halbbrücken. In den Halbbrücken sind Halbleiterschaltelemente angeordnet, die vorzugsweise als Transistoren ausgebildet sind, wobei jede Halbbrücke ein Low-Side und ein High-Side-Schaltelement aufweist, zwischen denen der Mittelabgriff der Halbbrücke liegt. Antiparallel zu den Halbleiterschaltelementen sind Dioden angeordnet, die die Funktion von Freilaufdioden aufweisen. Dabei ist es weiter bekannt, dass das Traktionsnetz einen Anschluss zum Anschließen einer externen Gleichspannungsquelle vorgesehen ist, wobei das Steuergerät derart ausgebildet ist, den Wechselrichter derart auszusteuern, dass dieser unter Einschluss der Induktivitäten der Elektromaschine als DC/DC-Wandler arbeitetA traction network of a motor vehicle usually comprises at least one control device, a high-voltage battery, at least one intermediate circuit capacitor, a three-phase electric machine and an inverter with three half bridges. In the half bridges, semiconductor switching elements are arranged, which are preferably designed as transistors, each half bridge having a low-side and a high-side switching element, between which the center tap of the half-bridge is located. Diodes which function as free-wheeling diodes are arranged anti-parallel to the semiconductor switching elements. It is also known that the traction network is provided with a connection for connecting an external DC voltage source, the control device being designed to control the inverter in such a way that it works as a DC / DC converter, including the inductances of the electric machine
Ein solches Traktionsnetz wird beispielsweise in der
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, ein Traktionsnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug zu schaffen, wobei die Funktionalität des Wechselrichters, genutzt als DC/DC-Wandler insbesondere als Hochsetzsteller, verbessert ist.The invention is based on the technical problem of creating a traction network for a motor vehicle, the functionality of the inverter, used as a DC / DC converter, in particular as a step-up converter, being improved.
Die Lösung des technischen Problems ergibt sich durch ein Traktionsnetz mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The solution to the technical problem results from a traction network with the features of
Hierzu umfasst das Traktionsnetz mindestens ein Steuergerät, eine Hochvoltbatterie, mindestens einen Zwischenkreiskondensator, eine dreiphasige Elektromaschine und einen Wechselrichter mit drei Halbbrücken, wobei in den Halbbrücken jeweils mindestens zwei Halbleiterschaltelemente angeordnet sind, zu denen jeweils eine Diode antiparallel geschaltet ist. Weiter ist mindestens ein Anschluss zum Anschließen einer externen Gleichspannungsquelle vorgesehen. Das Steuergerät ist derart ausgebildet, den Wechselrichter derart anzusteuern, dass dieser unter Einschluss der Induktivitäten der Elektromaschine als DC/DC-Wandler betrieben wird, wobei das Steuergerät derart ausgebildet ist, dass zeitgleich nur zwei Phasen der Elektromaschine bestromt werden. Hierdurch wird die wirksame Induktivität der Elektromaschine erhöht. Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Erkenntnis aus, dass sich bei einer gleichzeitigen Bestromung aller drei Phasen die sich aufbauenden Felder derart überlagern, dass die wirksame Induktivität sehr klein ist. Durch die Verwendung von nur zwei Phasen wird dies verbessert. Des Weiteren ist es so möglich, eine Rotorposition einzustellen, in der die Induktivitäten der beiden genutzten Phasen identisch sind, was zu einer gleichmäßigen Belastung im DC/DC-Betrieb und zu einer Verbesserung der Ansteuerung führt.For this purpose, the traction network comprises at least one control unit, a high-voltage battery, at least one intermediate circuit capacitor, a three-phase electric machine and an inverter with three half-bridges, with at least two semiconductor switching elements being arranged in each of the half-bridges, with a diode being connected in antiparallel to each. At least one connection is also provided for connecting an external DC voltage source. The control device is designed to control the inverter in such a way that it is operated as a DC / DC converter including the inductances of the electric machine, the control device being designed such that only two phases of the electric machine are energized at the same time. This increases the effective inductance of the electric machine. The invention is based on the knowledge that when current is supplied to all three phases at the same time, the fields that build up are superimposed in such a way that the effective inductance is very small. Using only two phases improves this. Furthermore, it is possible to set a rotor position in which the inductances of the two phases used are identical, which leads to an even load in DC / DC operation and to an improvement in the control.
Dabei ist der Anschluss der externen Gleichspannungsquelle mit einem Sternpunkt der Elektromaschine verbunden.The connection of the external DC voltage source is connected to a star point of the electric machine.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform weist die Elektromaschine eine Polpaarzahl größer 1 auf, wobei die Induktivitäten der Polpaare einer Phase parallel geschaltet sind, wobei mindestens einer Induktivität Schaltelemente zugeordnet sind, wobei das Steuergerät derart ausgebildet ist, die Schaltelemente derart anzusteuern, dass im Traktionsbetrieb die Induktivitäten parallel geschaltet sind und der Stromfluss durch die Induktivitäten gleichsinnig ist und im Ladebetrieb die Induktivitäten parallel geschaltet sind und der Stromfluss durch die mindestens eine Induktivität mit den Schaltelementen gegensinnig zu dem Stromfluss mit den Induktivitäten ohne Schaltelemente ist. Hierdurch heben sich die erzeugten Momente im Ladebetrieb auf bzw. das verbleibende abzustützende Moment wird reduziert.In a further embodiment, the electric machine has a number of pole pairs greater than 1, the inductances of the pole pairs of one phase being connected in parallel, with switching elements being assigned to at least one inductance, the control device being designed to control the switching elements in such a way that the inductances are parallel in traction mode are connected and the current flow through the inductances is in the same direction and in the charging mode the inductances are connected in parallel and the current flow through the at least one inductance with the switching elements is in the opposite direction to the current flow with the inductances without switching elements. As a result, the torques generated during charging are canceled or the remaining torque to be supported is reduced.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen:
-
1 eine schematische Teildarstellung eines Traktionsnetzes im Ladebetrieb in einer ersten Ausführungsform, -
2 eine schematische Teildarstellung eines Traktionsnetzes im Ladebetrieb in einer nicht anspruchsgemäßen zweiten Ausführungsform, -
3 eine schematische Teildarstellung eines Traktionsnetzes in einer dritten Ausführungsform, -
4 eine schematische Darstellung einer Verschaltung der Induktivitäten einer mehrpoligen Elektromaschine -
5 eine schematische Darstellung eines Traktionsnetzes (Stand der Technik), -
6 eine schematische Darstellung eines Hochsetztellers (Stand der Technik), -
7 eine schematische Darstellung einer Verschaltung der Induktivitäten einer mehrpoligen Elektromaschine in einer ersten Ausführungsform (Stand der Technik) und -
8 eine schematische Darstellung einer Verschaltung der Induktivitäten einer mehrpoligen Elektromaschine in einer zweiten Ausführungsform (Stand der Technik).
-
1 a schematic partial representation of a traction network in charging mode in a first embodiment, -
2 a schematic partial representation of a traction network in charging mode in a second embodiment not according to the claims, -
3 a schematic partial representation of a traction network in a third embodiment, -
4th a schematic representation of an interconnection of the inductances of a multi-pole electric machine -
5 a schematic representation of a traction network (state of the art), -
6th a schematic representation of a raised plate (state of the art), -
7th a schematic representation of an interconnection of the inductances of a multi-pole electric machine in a first embodiment (prior art) and -
8th a schematic representation of an interconnection of the inductances of a multi-pole electric machine in a second embodiment (prior art).
Bevor die verschiedenen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung erläutert werden, soll zunächst anhand der
Im Ladebetrieb durch die externe Gleichspannungsquelle kann nun das Steuergerät
In der
In der
In der
Eine solche Ausführungsform ist in
Bevor nun eine weitere Ausführungsform näher erläutert werden soll, soll zunächst eine Verschaltung einer 4-poligen Elektromaschine
Dies kann nun erfindungsgemäß ausgenutzt werden, indem durch geeignete Verschaltung der Strom gegensinnig durch eine zweite Teil-Induktivität im Vergleich zur ersten Teilinduktivität geführt wird, was in
According to the invention, this can now be used in that, by means of suitable interconnection, the current is conducted in opposite directions through a second partial inductance compared to the first partial inductance, which is shown in FIG
Dabei sind jeder zweiten Teil-Induktivität
Claims (2)
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DE102017216386.0A DE102017216386B4 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | Traction network of a motor vehicle |
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DE102017216386.0A DE102017216386B4 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | Traction network of a motor vehicle |
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DE102017216386A1 DE102017216386A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
DE102017216386B4 true DE102017216386B4 (en) | 2020-12-31 |
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EP4180261A1 (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-17 | Volvo Car Corporation | Method for controlling a drivetrain of an electric vehicle, data processing device, drivetrain and electric vehicle |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110316461A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Ac Propulsion, Inc. | Open Delta Motor Drive With Integrated Recharge |
EP2863528A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Operation of an inverter as a DC/DC-converter |
US20150231978A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Jabil Circuit, Inc. | Charge transfer system |
Family Cites Families (1)
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DE102012014178A1 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for charging at least one traction battery of an electric vehicle |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110316461A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Ac Propulsion, Inc. | Open Delta Motor Drive With Integrated Recharge |
EP2863528A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Operation of an inverter as a DC/DC-converter |
US20150231978A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Jabil Circuit, Inc. | Charge transfer system |
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