DE102017202614A1 - Checking the measuring device of an electric drive taking into account the drag torque of the internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Checking the measuring device of an electric drive taking into account the drag torque of the internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überprüfung einer Messeinrichtung (110) zur Messung einer elektrischen Größe eines einen Elektromotor (102), einen Umrichter (103) und eine Batterie (104) aufweisenden Elektroantriebs eines Fahrzeugs (100) mit Verbrennungsmotor (101), wobei der Verbrennungsmotor (101) durch den Elektromotor (102) geschleppt wird, wobei zur Überprüfung der Messeinrichtung (110) wenigstens ein Messwert der elektrischen Größe oder eine Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors (101) unter Berücksichtigung wenigstens eines Werts eines Schleppmoments des Verbrennungsmotors (101) plausibilisiert wird. The invention relates to a method for checking a measuring device (110) for measuring an electrical variable of an electric motor (102), an inverter (103) and a battery (104) comprising an electric drive of a vehicle (100) with an internal combustion engine (101) Internal combustion engine (101) by the electric motor (102) is towed, wherein for checking the measuring device (110) at least one measured value of the electrical variable or a speed of the internal combustion engine (101) taking into account at least one value of a drag torque of the internal combustion engine (101) is plausibility.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überprüfung einer Messeinrichtung zur Messung einer elektrischen Größe eines einen Elektromotor, einen Umrichter und eine Batterie aufweisenden Elektroantriebs eines Fahrzeugs mit Verbrennungsmotor sowie eine Recheneinheit und ein Computerprogramm zu dessen Durchführung.The present invention relates to a method for checking a measuring device for measuring an electrical variable of an electric motor, a converter and a battery having electric drive of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and a computing unit and a computer program for its implementation.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Elektroantriebe in Kraftfahrzeuge sind beispielsweise als Fahrantrieb, z.B. in Hybridfahrzeugen, oder als Unterstützungsantrieb, z.B. als sog. Boost-Rekuperationsmaschine zum Liefern eines unterstützenden Drehmoments beim Anfahren und Beschleunigen ausgebildet. Solche Elektroantriebe weisen typischerweise neben dem eigentlichen Elektromotor auch einen Umrichter bzw. Inverter und eine Batterie, typischerweise eine Hochvoltbatterie, auf. Zur Steuerung des Elektroantriebs können elektrische Größen, wie z.B. die Strom- und Leistungsaufnahme des Elektromotors und die Batteriespannung, mittels einer entsprechenden Messeinrichtung gemessen werden.Electric drives in motor vehicles are, for example, as traction drive, e.g. in hybrid vehicles, or as a backup drive, e.g. designed as a so-called. Boost Rekuperationsmaschine for supplying a supporting torque when starting and accelerating. Such electric drives typically have not only the actual electric motor but also a converter or inverter and a battery, typically a high-voltage battery. For controlling the electric drive, electrical quantities, e.g. the current and power consumption of the electric motor and the battery voltage are measured by means of a corresponding measuring device.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß werden ein Verfahren zur Überprüfung einer Messeinrichtung zur Messung einer elektrischen Größe eines einen Elektromotor, einen Umrichter und eine Batterie aufweisenden Elektroantriebs eines Fahrzeugs mit Verbrennungsmotor sowie eine Recheneinheit und ein Computerprogramm zu dessen Durchführung mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche sowie der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.According to the invention, a method for checking a measuring device for measuring an electrical variable of an electric motor, a converter and a battery having electric drive of a vehicle with internal combustion engine and a computing unit and a computer program for its implementation with the features of the independent claims are proposed. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.
Die Erfindung basiert auf der Maßnahme, bei der Plausibilisierung eines Messwerts ein Schleppmoment des Verbrennungsmotors zu berücksichtigen. Ein Plausibilisieren eines Messwerts umfasst dabei insbesondere das Überprüfen des Messwerts oder eines davon abgeleiteten Werts daraufhin, ob er in einem erwarteten Wertebereich liegt. Dabei hängen im Rahmen der Erfindung die Ableitung und/oder der erwartete Wertebereich vom Schleppmoment des Verbrennungsmotors ab. Während der Überprüfung wird der Verbrennungsmotor von dem Elektromotor geschleppt. Dabei erfolgt keine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff. Zweckmäßigerweise trennt die Kupplung die Motoren vom Antriebsstrang, um äußere Einflüsse wie Reibung und Steigung auszuschließen und dafür zu sorgen, dass der Elektromotor lediglich das Schleppmoment des Verbrennungsmotors überwinden muss. Das Schleppmoment des Verbrennungsmotors ist über einen großen Drehzahlbereich in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahl bekannt beziehungsweise kann experimentell ermittelt werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Plausibilisierung bei Stillstand des Fahrzeugs und/oder nach automatischem Motor-Stopp und/oder beim Segeln durchgeführt, da der Verbrennungsmotor ohnehin nicht befeuert wird und so die Erfindung ohne weiteres durchgeführt werden kann.The invention is based on the measure of taking into account the plausibility of a measured value, a drag torque of the internal combustion engine. A plausibility check of a measured value comprises, in particular, checking the measured value or a value derived therefrom as to whether it lies within an expected value range. In the context of the invention, the derivative and / or the expected value range depend on the drag torque of the internal combustion engine. During the inspection, the internal combustion engine is towed by the electric motor. There is no injection of fuel. Conveniently, the clutch separates the motors from the drive train to eliminate external influences such as friction and incline and to ensure that the electric motor only has to overcome the drag torque of the internal combustion engine. The drag torque of the internal combustion engine is known over a large speed range as a function of the speed or can be determined experimentally. The plausibility check is preferably carried out when the vehicle is at a standstill and / or after an automatic engine stop and / or during sailing, since the internal combustion engine is not fired anyway and the invention can therefore be carried out without difficulty.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird zu wenigstens einem Messwert der Leistungsaufnahme des Elektromotors als elektrische Größe überprüft, ob jeweils ein resultierender Wert einer die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors charakterisierenden Größe, insbesondere die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors selbst oder die Drehzahl des Elektromotors, in einem vorgegebenen Bereich ist. Dabei bedient man sich der Erkenntnis, dass bei gleichbleibender Drehzahl das durch die Leistungsaufnahme charakterisierte Antriebsmoment des Elektromotors dem Schleppmoment des Verbrennungsmotors entspricht und somit die Leistungsaufnahme dem Produkt aus Schleppmoment und Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors. Mit dieser Maßnahme kann insbesondere die Messung der Leistungsaufnahme des Elektromotors plausibilisiert werden.In an advantageous embodiment, at least one measured value of the power consumption of the electric motor is checked as an electrical variable, if in each case a resulting value of a variable characterizing the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, in particular the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine itself or the rotational speed of the electric motor, is within a predetermined range. It uses the knowledge that at constant speed characterized by the power consumption of the drive motor of the electric motor corresponds to the drag torque of the engine and thus the power consumption of the product of drag torque and speed of the engine. With this measure, in particular the measurement of the power consumption of the electric motor can be made plausible.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird bei einer Sollwertänderung der Leistungsaufnahme des Elektromotors von einem ersten Sollwert zu einem zweiten Sollwert überprüft, ob ein resultierender Verlauf einer Batteriespannung der Batterie als elektrische Größe in einem vorgegebenen Bereich liegt. Dabei bedient man sich der Erkenntnis, dass - wenn von der Richtigkeit der Messung der Leistungsaufnahme ausgegangen werden kann, beispielsweise weil dies zuvor im Rahmen der Erfindung durch Plausibilisierung festgestellt worden ist - aus der Leistungsaufnahme P ein zu erwartender Wert für die Batteriespannung U herleitbar ist. Die Batterie hat einen Innenwiderstand RI und eine Leerlaufspannung U0. Die Batteriespannung U sinkt mit zunehmender Leistungsaufnahme P des Elektromotors gemäß U = U0 - (P/U)·RI. Mit dieser Maßnahme kann insbesondere die Messung der Batteriespannung plausibilisiert werden.In a further advantageous embodiment, a setpoint change of the power consumption of the electric motor is checked from a first setpoint value to a second setpoint value, as to whether a resulting profile of a battery voltage of the battery as electrical variable is within a predetermined range. In this case, it is made use of the knowledge that - if the correctness of the measurement of the power consumption can be assumed, for example because this has previously been determined by plausibility check in the context of the invention - an expected value for the battery voltage U can be derived from the power consumption P. The battery has an internal resistance R I and an open circuit voltage U 0 . The battery voltage U decreases with increasing power consumption P of the electric motor according to U = U 0 - (P / U) · R I. With this measure, in particular the measurement of the battery voltage can be made plausible.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird zu wenigstens einem Wert einer eine Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors charakterisierenden Größe überprüft, ob jeweils ein resultierender Messwert der Stromaufnahme des Elektromotors als elektrische Größe in einem vorgegebenen Bereich liegt. Dabei bedient man sich der Erkenntnis, dass der Wert der Stromaufnahme I des Elektromotors über die Motorkonstante zu dessen Antriebsmoment äquivalent ist. Der Verbrennungsmotor wiederum hat für die vorliegende Drehzahl ein bekanntes Schleppmoment, welches bei gleichbleibender Drehzahl von dem Antriebsmoment des Elektromotors kompensiert wird. Mit dieser Maßnahme kann insbesondere die Messung der Stromaufnahme des Elektromotors plausibilisiert werden.In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one value of a variable characterizing a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is checked as to whether in each case a resulting measured value of the current consumption of the electric motor as the electrical variable is within a predetermined range. In this case, the knowledge is used that the value of the current consumption I of the electric motor via the motor constant is equivalent to its drive torque. The internal combustion engine in turn has a known drag torque for the present rotational speed, which at the same rotational speed is dependent on the drive torque of the electric motor is compensated. With this measure, in particular the measurement of the current consumption of the electric motor can be made plausible.
Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn mehrere Messwerte der elektrischen Größe, also insbesondere ein Messwertverlauf, plausibilisiert werden, d.h. insbesondere überprüft wird, ob jeweils ein resultierender Werteverlauf in einem erwarteten Bereich liegt. Beispielsweise kann bei den obigen Ausführungsformen eine Rampe der Leistungsaufnahme gegen einen Drehzahlverlauf plausibilisiert werden und eine Rampe der Drehzahl gegen eine Stromaufnahmeverlauf.It is expedient if a plurality of measured values of the electrical variable, that is to say in particular a course of the measured value, are checked for plausibility, i. In particular, it is checked whether a resulting value curve in each case lies within an expected range. For example, in the above embodiments, a ramp of power consumption against a speed history may be plausibilized and a ramp of speed against a current consumption history.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird der wenigstens eine Wert des Schleppmoments des Verbrennungsmotors aus einer Abhängigkeit des Schleppmomentes von einer Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors ermittelt. Die Abhängigkeit wiederum kann vorab experimentell ermittelt und in einem Kennfeld, insbesondere in einer das Verfahren ausführenden Recheneinheit hinterlegt sein.In a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one value of the drag torque of the internal combustion engine is determined from a dependence of the drag torque on a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. In turn, the dependency can be determined experimentally in advance and stored in a characteristic field, in particular in a computing unit executing the method.
Vorteilhafterweise wird der wenigstens eine Wert des Schleppmomentes des Verbrennungsmotors durch Multiplikation des ermittelten Wertes mit einem temperaturabhängigen und/oder alterungsabhängigen Faktor erhalten. Dabei kann berücksichtigt werden, dass sich das Schleppmoment im laufe der Zeit, also insbesondere nach der experimentellen Ermittlung, verändert, insbesondere durch Alterung der Bauteile, Verschmutzung von Lagerstellen usw. Auch ändern die beteiligten Schmierstoffe ihre Viskosität mit der Temperatur.Advantageously, the at least one value of the drag torque of the internal combustion engine is obtained by multiplying the determined value by a temperature-dependent and / or aging-dependent factor. It can be considered that the drag torque changes over time, ie in particular after the experimental determination, in particular by aging of the components, contamination of bearings, etc. Also, the lubricants involved change their viscosity with temperature.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird die Überprüfung der Messeinrichtung nur durchgeführt, wenn eine Kühlwassertemperatur und/oder eine Öltemperatur innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Bereichs liegen. Auf diese Weise werden vorteilhaft Toleranzen des Schleppmomentes und sekundäre Einflussgrößen wie z.B. die dynamische Viskosität des Motoröls eingegrenzt.In a further advantageous embodiment, the checking of the measuring device is performed only when a cooling water temperature and / or an oil temperature are within a predetermined range. In this way, tolerances of the drag torque and secondary factors such as e.g. limits the dynamic viscosity of the engine oil.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Recheneinheit, z.B. ein Steuergerät eines Kraftfahrzeugs, ist, insbesondere programmtechnisch, dazu eingerichtet, ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren durchzuführen.An arithmetic unit according to the invention, e.g. a control device of a motor vehicle is, in particular programmatically, configured to perform a method according to the invention.
Auch die Implementierung des Verfahrens in Form eines Computerprogramms ist vorteilhaft, da dies besonders geringe Kosten verursacht, insbesondere wenn ein ausführendes Steuergerät noch für weitere Aufgaben genutzt wird und daher ohnehin vorhanden ist. Geeignete Datenträger zur Bereitstellung des Computerprogramms sind insbesondere magnetische, optische und elektrische Speicher, wie z.B. Festplatten, Flash-Speicher, EEPROMs, DVDs u.a.m. Auch ein Download eines Programms über Computernetze (Internet, Intranet usw.) ist möglich.Also, the implementation of the method in the form of a computer program is advantageous because this causes very low costs, especially if an executive controller is still used for other tasks and therefore already exists. Suitable data carriers for providing the computer program are in particular magnetic, optical and electrical memories, such as e.g. Hard drives, flash memory, EEPROMs, DVDs, etc. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.).
Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beiliegenden Zeichnung.Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben.The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described below with reference to the drawing.
Figurenlistelist of figures
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1 zeigt schematisch eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit Verbrennungsmotor und Elektromotor, das dazu eingerichtet ist, eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens durchzuführen.1 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of a motor vehicle with internal combustion engine and electric motor, which is adapted to perform a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention. -
2 zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens schematisch als Blockdiagramm.2 shows a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention schematically as a block diagram.
Ausführungsform(en) der ErfindungEmbodiment (s) of the invention
In
Eine Kupplung
Ein Steuergerät
In Schritt
In Schritt
Wenn die weiteren Bedingungen erfüllt sind, wird in Schritt
In Schritt
Claims (11)
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DE102018221891A1 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining a load torque |
DE102019202979A1 (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-10 | Audi Ag | Method for monitoring an electrical variable of a battery, monitoring device and motor vehicle |
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DE102018221891A1 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining a load torque |
DE102019202979A1 (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-10 | Audi Ag | Method for monitoring an electrical variable of a battery, monitoring device and motor vehicle |
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