DE102017202138A1 - Inductive charging device for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

An inductive charging device (1) for motor vehicles has a loading plate (10) and means (20) for displacing the loading plate (10). The latter comprise at least one air bellows (21) for displacing the loading plate (10) in the vertical direction which acts on the loading plate (10).

Description

The invention relates to the field of electromobility and in particular to an inductive charging device for motor vehicles with a pallet and means for moving the pallet.

An inductive charging device of the type mentioned is out DE 10 2010 042 395 A1 known. This allows the contactless transmission of electrical energy between a charging plate of a charging station and a charging plate on the motor vehicle via a magnetic field.

For a high efficiency of energy transfer, it is necessary to align the loading plate on the motor vehicle and the loading plate on the charging station as closely as possible to each other and to arrange close to each other.

If the vehicle-side charging plate is arranged in the region of the vehicle floor, there is the problem that in order to ensure sufficient ground clearance of the motor vehicle when driving during a charging process, both charging plates are too far away from each other for a high energy transfer efficiency.

For this reason, a variety of devices have already been proposed, which provide mechanisms for approaching the loading plates for the loading operation. On the one hand, it is possible to lower the vehicle-side pallet. On the other hand, it is possible to lift the loading plate of the charging station. Furthermore, both measures can be combined.

In addition, it is already known to provide, in addition to an approach in the vertical direction mechanisms for aligning the pallets transverse to the vertical direction. The above already mentioned DE 10 2010 042 395 A1 Proposes for this purpose for three different spatial directions separate actuators both on the vehicle and on the charging station, by means of which a suitable control device automatic alignment of the pallets to each other is to achieve optimum efficiency in the energy transfer. Due to the principle required for the approximation and alignment of the pallets mechanisms are exposed to a considerable extent environmental influences such as water, dirt and debris, by which the approximation and orientation of the pallets can be affected.

To avoid disturbances were in DE 10 2011 076 186 A1 and DE 10 2015 006 308 A1 already proposed cleaning devices which, for example by means of a fan water, dirt and foreign objects in the field of inductive charging device - on the vehicle side as the bottom - to eliminate.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object to provide a robust as possible inductive charging device, which is as insensitive to environmental influences.

This object is achieved by an inductive charging device according to claim 1. The inductive charging device according to the invention has a loading plate and means for shifting the loading plate and is characterized in that the means for displacing the loading plate comprises at least one air bellows for displacing the loading plate in the vertical direction, which acts on the loading plate.

It has been shown that such bellows are surprisingly much less sensitive to environmental influences than, for example, lifting platforms with mechanical scissor mechanism or lifting cylinders.

Moreover, very compact lifting and lowering mechanisms can be realized with air bellows. This applies to both the electrical primary side, i. for the charging station as well as for the electrical secondary side, i. for the motor vehicle.

The displacement in the vertical direction can be realized either via a single, appropriately sized air bellows or via a plurality of acting on the pallet bellows.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of further claims.

In particular, the means for displacing the loading plate may comprise a device for generating underpressure and / or overpressure, a control device and a valve device controlled by the control device for supplying the at least one pneumatic bellows with underpressure and / or overpressure. As a result, a desired raising or lowering can be achieved as needed.

In one embodiment, it is possible to arrange the control device within the at least one air bellows. As a result, a simultaneously space-saving and protected against external influences accommodation of the control device is made possible. However, a control device can also be accommodated elsewhere outside of a pneumatic bellows.

Furthermore, it is possible, a guide device for guiding the displacement of the pallet to arrange in a direction transverse to the vertical direction within the at least one air bellows. This also contributes to a particularly compact design.

Suitable means for shifting the loading plate transversely to the vertical direction can be arranged outside the at least one air bellows. However, it is also possible to accommodate such means for shifting the pallet transversely to the vertical direction within the at least one air bellows, whereby they are protected by the air bellows against environmental influences.

In a further embodiment, at least one further air bellows is provided as a means for displacing the loading plate in a direction transverse to the vertical direction, which acts on the loading plate. The robust principle provided for the vertical direction is also used in this case for the displacement in at least one direction transverse to the vertical direction. This is particularly suitable for those cases in which a large number of small bellows for displacement in the vertical direction is used, in which a further mechanism can not be readily accommodated.

As already indicated above, the inductive charging device according to the invention can be used both on the vehicle side and on the side of a charging station.

Accordingly, a motor vehicle with an inductive charging device of the type described above is proposed in the present case, in which the charging plate of the inductive charging device has as vehicle loading plate one or more secondary coils for inductive power transmission.

In one embodiment of the motor vehicle, the loading plate is arranged suspended on the at least one air bellows. This makes it possible to keep the pallet by negative pressure in the at least one air bellows in a rest position on the motor vehicle and lower by reducing the vacuum relative to the rest position on the vehicle. This embodiment makes it possible to dispense with restoring elements, which would be required in the case of an overpressure-controlled pneumatic bellows, whereby a particularly compact design can be achieved precisely on the vehicle. For lowering against the negative pressure, the weight of the pallet is sufficient.

Furthermore, it is possible to integrate the device for generating underpressure and / or overpressure in an air spring system, via which vehicle wheels are braced against the vehicle body. In a vehicle with air suspension can thus be used the same means for the pressure control of the air springs of the suspension as well as for the pressure control of the at least one air bladder of the inductive charging device.

Furthermore, an inductive charging device of the type described above can be used in a preferably stationary charging station, the charging plate of the inductive charging device having as a bottom charging plate one or more primary coils for inductive power transmission.

In one embodiment of the charging station, the loading plate is supported by means of the at least one air bellows with respect to a bottom-side structure and raised by overpressure from its lowered rest position and lowered again by overpressure reduction. By such a pressure regime can be avoided on the side of the charging station otherwise required restoring devices, whereby the structure is simplified and space can be saved.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer induktiven Ladeeinrichtung nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer induktiven Ladeeinrichtung nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer induktiven Ladeeinrichtung nach einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 4 eine Teilschnittansicht einer Ladeplatte mit Luftbalg, und in
• 5 ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer induktiven Ladeeinrichtung sowie einer Ladestation mit einer induktiven Ladeeinrichtung.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. The drawing shows in:

• 1 a schematic representation of an inductive charging device according to a first embodiment,
• 2 a schematic representation of an inductive charging device according to a second embodiment,
• 3 a schematic representation of an inductive charging device according to a third embodiment,
• 4 a partial sectional view of a pallet with air bellows, and in
• 5 An embodiment of a motor vehicle with an inductive charging device and a charging station with an inductive charging device.

The first embodiment in 1 shows an inductive charging device 1 with a pallet 10 as well as funds 20 for shifting the pallet 10 in vertical direction z , The pallet 10 is with electrical equipment not shown 11 equipped, which allow an inductive energy transfer by means of a magnetic field. This makes it possible, for example, from a charging station 60 electrical current without contact to a motor vehicle 50 transferred to.

In terms of a high efficiency of energy transfer is the pallet 10 at least in the vertical direction z displaced. Is this on a motor vehicle 50 like this in 5 is shown, the pallet can be 10 out a rest position on the motor vehicle 50 move out in a contrast lowered position in which an inductive transmission of electrical energy is to take place. A corresponding pallet 10 a charging station 60 On the other hand, it is raised from its rest position to transfer energy. Both principles can be realized independently or combined with each other, as in 5 is shown by way of example. By a small distance between the vehicle-side pallet 10 and the bottom-side pallet 10 it is possible to achieve a high energy transfer efficiency.

According to the invention for effecting the displacement of the pallet 10 in vertical direction z one or more bellows 21 provided which each attack on the pallet 10.

At the in 1 shown first embodiment are for the displacement in the vertical direction a plurality of air bellows 21 at the pallet 10 arranged. A possible example of such an arrangement is in 3 shown, in which four air bellows 21 are shown for the vertical direction. It is possible, however, also a smaller or larger number of air bellows 21 to use and this differently than in 3 arranged to arrange. Ideally, at least or exactly three air bladders are provided.

The bellows 21 are jointly controlled to lower or lift the pallet 10 to effect. In addition, it is possible by varying degrees lowering or lifting at the points of attack of the individual bellows 21 optionally a pivoting of the pallet 10 to achieve. This is helpful, for example, if a correction of the horizontal alignment between a bottom-side pallet 10 and a vehicle-side pallet 10 is needed. In particular, on a motor vehicle this allows a more flexible accommodation of the pallet 10 ,

By using more than one air bladder 21 In addition, a stable guidance of the pallet 10 be achieved. Moreover, the bellows 21 then be made very compact.

2 alternatively shows the possibility of a single large air bladder 21 for lowering and lifting a pallet 10 in vertical direction z use.

The latter in turn allows a guide device 30 to guide the relocation of the pallet 10 in a direction transverse to the vertical direction z ie in 2 in the x-direction and / or in the y-direction, within the one air bellows 21 to arrange where it is protected from external environmental influences.

In 2 is merely an example of a first slide 31 to enable a displacement in the x-direction and a second carriage 32 to enable a displacement in the y-direction. However, other mechanisms may be used to guide the pallet 10 in a plane transverse to the vertical direction z are used, which preferably within the Luftbalgs 21 are arranged. Optionally, a deliberate pivoting movement can be accomplished by such housed in the air bellows mechanism.

Furthermore, it is possible, in addition to the guide device 30 medium 40 for shifting the pallet 10 transverse to the vertical direction z inside the air bladder 21 to arrange over which a relocation can not only be led, but also caused.

In 2 are exemplary actuators 41 and 42 for the two sleds 31 and 32 indicates what a displacement of the pallet 10 in the x-direction and in the y-direction. Corresponding actuators can be operated, for example, electrically or pneumatically. Also, they are protected due to their location within the air bladder 21 against external environmental influences.

Basically, it is possible to have appropriate funds 30 to guide the relocation of the pallet 10 and any additional funds available 40 for shifting the pallet 10 also inside the bellows 21 accommodate the first embodiment, provided that corresponding guide devices and actuators are sufficiently miniaturized or correspondingly larger air bellows 21 acceptable.

Alternatively or additionally, there is the possibility, as in 3 exemplified, a shift of the pallet 10 in the x-direction and / or in the y-direction by outside of the or the bellows 21 arranged facilities to accomplish. Only examples of such facilities are in 3 additional side bellows 22 and 23 shown which on the pallet 10 attack to allow a displacement in the x and y direction. Instead of the illustrated side bellows 22 and 23 Other types of actuators can be used, but the illustrated bellows 22 and 23 offer the advantage of a great insensitivity to external environmental influences such as water and dirt.

4 illustrated as part of a possible embodiment of the above-described embodiments, for example, the control of the or the air bellows 21 ,

First, a device 24 to detect the generation of underpressure and / or overpressure, via which the respectively required pressure (= negative pressure or overpressure) in the air bellows 21 can be generated. This device 24 is preferably outside of the air bellows 21 arranged. Are several air bellows 21 For this, a central facility can do this 24 be provided. Depending on the installation situation, for example, compressors or vacuum pumps can be used for this purpose.

The device 24 to generate underpressure and / or overpressure by means of a pressure line 25 with the respective air bellows 21 connected so that it can be supplied as needed with pressure. The pressure supply can be via a valve of a valve device 26 be controlled, in this case the Luftbalg 21 is arranged, but alternatively also on the device 24 or elsewhere in the line 25 can be arranged.

Furthermore, a control device 27 provided, which upon receipt of a start signal s1 a control of the device 24 and the valve device 26 via corresponding control signals s2 and s3 causing a desired lowering or lifting of the pallet 10 by means of the at least one air bellows 21 to induce.

With sufficient size of the bellows 21 can the controller 27 Space saving and protected inside the air bellows 21 be housed. In modification of the in 4 However, the example shown is also an arrangement outside the air bellows 21 possible.

4 further exemplifies the attachment of electrical devices 11 for inductive energy transfer to the pallet 10 , Depending on the design of the pallet 10 As a floor pallet or vehicle pallet, these electrical devices 11 serve as electrical primary or secondary coils. The electrical connection of these electrical devices 11 can by means of a Luftbalg 21 passed through electrical line 12 be made, whereby also the electrical connection through the air bellows 21 , which is preferably made of a very robust material such as rubber or other equally resistant elastomers, is protected against external environmental influences.

As already stated above, an inductive charging device 1 of the type explained above both on a motor vehicle 50 as well as in a charging station 60 be used. Both possibilities are in 5 illustrated by way of example and will be briefly explained below.

In a motor vehicle 50 with an inductive charging device 1 according to one of the embodiments explained above, the loading plate 10 as Fahrzeugladeplatte one or more secondary coils 51 for inductive power transmission.

The pallet 10 is preferably suspended on the at least one air bellows 21 arranged and over the at least one air bellows 21 against the structure of the motor vehicle 50 supported.

By an appropriate control of the or the bellows 21 can the vehicle-side pallet 10 from a resting position where the pallet is 10 close to the subsoil 52 of the motor vehicle 50 is in or against this or is sunk in this, in an extended, in the present case in the vertical direction z moved down lowered loading position, making this the corresponding pallet 10 the charging station 60 is approximated.

A possible control concept for the vehicle-mounted inductive charging device 1 There is the pallet 10 by negative pressure in the at least one air bellows 21 in its rest position on the motor vehicle 50 to keep. Should the pallet 10 be lowered, a reduction in negative pressure in the air bellows 21 caused, for example, by a valve of the valve device 26 is specifically opened to the environment. The pallet 10 then lowers essentially by their own weight. To the pallet 10 for example, to return to its rest position after a loading, ie with respect to the loading position in the vertical direction z lift is in the air bladder 21 through the device 24 controlled by the controller 27 again built up negative pressure.

An alternative driving concept is to use the bellows 21 extend by applying pressure, ie to relocate to the loading position. A return to the rest position on the vehicle, ie lifting the pallet 10 , Can be done either by restoring elements, such as return springs, connected to a reduction of the overpressure, or by generating negative pressure. In the first case, additional return elements must be provided. In the second case, the pressure supply of the air bellows or designed 21 a little more complex, because then not only an overpressure, but also a negative pressure through the device 24 must be provided.

For motor vehicles 50 , which are equipped with an air suspension chassis, it is possible, the device 24 to integrate the generation of underpressure and / or overpressure in such an air spring system for supporting vehicle wheels on the vehicle body. Corresponding compressors and / or vacuum pumps can then both for pressure supply of the air springs 53 the chassis as well as the pressure supply of the air bellows 21 the vehicle-side inductive charging device 1 be used.

Furthermore, in 5 a preferably stationary charging station 60 with an inductive charging device 1 represented according to one of the above-described embodiments, the loading plate 10 as Bodenladeplatte one or more primary coils 61 having inductive power transmission. The primary coils 61 are supplied in a manner not shown from a supply network with electricity.

The pallet 10 the charging station 60 is by means of at least one air bladder 21 opposite a bottom-side structure 61 For example, one in a roadway 63 taken in tub 64 supported. By appropriate control of the or the bellows 21 can the pallet 10 the charging station 60 for charging in the vertical direction z be raised to the pallet 10 the charging station 60 to the pallet 10 of the motor vehicle 50 to approach. If appropriate, positional deviations in the x and y directions can also be effected by the control device 27 be corrected controlled.

A possible control concept for the inductive charging device 1 on the side of the charging station 60 is the charging plate 10 by providing overpressure in the air bladder (s) 21 to raise from its lowered rest position and lower again by overpressure reduction. The provision of the pallet 10 from its extended loading position to the rest position is determined by the weight of the pallet 10 favors, so that any additional restoring facilities can be omitted. The overpressure reduction can be accomplished for example by opening a valve to the environment.

Furthermore, it is possible a device 24 to generate underpressure and / or overpressure on the side of the charging station to the or the bellows 21 the vehicle-side inductive charging device 1 to provide pressure. For this purpose, appropriate pressure port interfaces can be provided. Conversely, it is also possible, a vehicle-mounted device 24 via appropriate interfaces for supplying pressure to the air bellows 21 the bottom-side inductive charging device 1 use. As a result, a system redundancy can be created, which increases the security of supply.

The air bellows explained above 21 are preferably controlled pneumatically. Hydraulic loading is also possible, but more expensive in terms of avoiding leaks.

The invention has been explained in more detail above with reference to exemplary embodiments and further modifications. Technical individual features, which have been explained above in the context of further individual features, can be implemented both independently of them and in combination with further individual features, even if this is not expressly described above, as long as this is technically possible. The invention is expressly not limited to the described embodiments and modifications, but comprises at least all embodiments defined by the claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Inductive charging device

10

Pallet (both vehicle pallet and bottom pallet)

11

electrical device for inductive energy transmission

12

electrical line

20

Means for shifting the pallet

21

bellows

22

lateral air bellows

23

lateral air bellows

24

Device for generating underpressure and / or overpressure

25

pressure line

26

valve means

27

control device

30

guide means

31

first sled

32

second sled

40

Means for shifting the pallet transverse to the vertical direction z

41

first actuator (assigned to the first slide)

42

second actuator (assigned to the second carriage)

50

motor vehicle

51

secondary coil

52

underbody

53

air spring

60

charging station

61

primary coil

62

bottom-side structure

63

roadway

64

tub

s1

control signal

s2

control signal

s3

control signal

x

x-direction

y

y-direction

z

vertical direction

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010042395 A1 [0002, 0006]
• DE 102011076186 A1 [0007]
• DE 102015006308 A1 [0007]

Claims (11)

Inductive charging device (1) for motor vehicles, comprising a loading plate (10) and means (20) for displacing the loading plate (10), characterized in that the means (20) for displacing the loading plate (10) comprise at least one pneumatic bellows (21) Displacement of the loading plate (10) in the vertical direction, which acts on the loading plate (10). Inductive charging device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the means (20) for displacing the loading plate (10) further comprise means (24) for generating underpressure and / or overpressure, a control device (27) and a valve device (26) controlled by the control device (27) ) for supplying the at least one air bellows (21) with underpressure and / or overpressure. Inductive charging device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the control device (27) within the at least one air bladder (21) is arranged. Inductive charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that a guide means (30) for guiding the displacement of the loading plate (10) (21) is arranged in a direction transverse to the vertical direction within the at least one air bellows. Inductive charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that means (40) for displacing the loading plate (10) transversely to the vertical direction within the at least one air bellows (21) are arranged. Inductive charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that at least one further air bellows (22, 23) is provided as means for displacing the loading plate (10) in a direction transverse to the vertical direction, which acts on the loading plate (10). Motor vehicle (50) with an inductive charging device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, whose charging plate (10) has as vehicle loading plate one or more secondary coils (51) for inductive power transmission. Motor vehicle after Claim 7 , characterized in that the device for generating underpressure and / or overpressure (24) is integrated in an air spring system for supporting vehicle wheels on the vehicle body. Motor vehicle after Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the loading plate (10) is arranged suspended on the at least one air bellows (21) and held by negative pressure in the at least one air bellows (21) in a rest position on the motor vehicle and by negative pressure reduction in the at least one air bellows (21) the rest position on the motor vehicle (50) can be lowered. Charging station (60) with an inductive charging device according to one of the preceding claims, whose charging plate (10) has as a bottom loading plate one or more primary coils (61) for inductive power transmission. Charging station (60) to Claim 10 , characterized in that the loading plate (10) by means of the at least one air bellows (21) relative to a bottom-side structure (62) is supported and by overpressure in the at least one air bellows (21) from its lowered rest position can be raised and by overpressure reduction in the at least an air bellows (21) is lowered again.

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