DE102017130837A1 - System, measuring device and method for detecting a closing state - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring device (5) for detecting a closing state of an opening closer (2), comprising a measuring device (7) and evaluation electronics (8), wherein the measuring device (7) is designed to control the flow of current (i) through an electrical circuit (9) to influence depending on the closed state of the opening shooter (2). Furthermore, the evaluation electronics (8) are set up in order to detect the closed state of the opening closer (2) on the basis of the current flow (i) through the electrical circuit (9). It is provided that the measuring device (7) comprises at least one magnet slide (14, 15, 31) which is mechanically movable within a housing (13) of the measuring device (7) between a first position (P1) and a second position (P2) magnetic interaction with the opening closer (2) is formed by magnetic attraction forces. The at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) is inside the housing (13) of the measuring device (7) due to the magnetic attraction forces between the first position (P1) in which the opening closer (2) is open and the second position (P2 ), in which the opening closer (2) is closed, movable. The measuring device (7) is further configured to control the current flow (i) through the electric circuit (9) as a function of the position (P1, P2) of the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) within the housing (13) of the measuring device ( 7) influence.

Description

The invention relates to a measuring device for detecting a closed state of an opening closer according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention also relates to a system for monitoring a closed state of an opening closer according to the preamble of claim 18.

The invention also relates to a method for detecting a closing state of an opening closer according to the preamble of claim 21.

A generic measuring device for detecting a closed state of an opening closer is known from DE 10 2012 005 541 A1 known.

The detection of a closed state of an opening closer, such as a window, a door, a housing cover or any other closer of any access opening is required for a variety of applications. The recognition can serve, for example, for counting opening and / or closing operations, access control or proof of access. For example, can be determined by detecting or monitoring the closed state of an opening closer, whether the access opening was opened without authorization or whether the possibility for unauthorized persons to access an object that is located in an access restricted space or container.

The detection of the closed state may also be indicated for other safety or other reasons.

The generic DE 10 2012 005 541 A1 discloses a shaft safety device for protecting a maintenance worker in an elevator shaft. In this case, at least one safety circuit is provided which has at least one door sensor arranged on one of the shaft doors. By the door sensor, the safety circuit can be interrupted or opened when opening the shaft door is detected. The safety circuit is closed when the shaft door is closed. An evaluation or safety circuit can then detect the closed state based on the current flow through the safety circuit and trigger, for example, a safety circuit. Preferably, the door sensor is formed by a mechanical switch having a mounted on the monitored shaft door contact bridge which is arranged so that it engages with the shaft door closed in associated contact elements of the door sensor and with the shaft door open the contact between the contact bridge and the contact elements is separated ,

However, such systems or measuring devices have some disadvantages.

In particular, when the known measuring device is used with a contact bridge to detect an unauthorized taken place opening of the opening closer, a manipulation of the measuring device by the unauthorized person can not be excluded. For example, the contact bridge by means of a wire bracket from outside the opening closer, z. B. by a small gap, are relatively easy to manipulate. As a result, the circuit could be kept closed regardless of the closing state of the opening closer, making detection of unauthorized access impossible.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved measuring device and an improved method for detecting a closed state of an opening closer, which is or is particularly suitable to recognize the closed state as possible manipulation-proof.

The object is achieved for the measuring device by claim 1 and for the method by claim 21.

The present invention is also based on the object to provide an improved system for monitoring a closed state of an opening closer, which is particularly designed as tamper-resistant.

With respect to the system, the object is solved by the features of claim 18.

The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention.

The measuring device according to the invention for detecting a closed state of an opening closer comprises a measuring device and evaluation electronics. The measuring device is designed to influence the flow of current through an electrical circuit as a function of the closing state of the opening closer. Furthermore, the evaluation is set up to detect the closed state of the opening closer on the basis of the current flow through the electrical circuit.

The opening closer can z. B. as a door, window, hatch, flap, lid or other closure for closing openings. The opening closer can be provided or designed in particular for closing rooms, cabinets, housings, suitcases, buildings, transport and / or storage containers and other at least partially closed areas. Preferably, the opening closer can be provided or closed for closing an opening to an access-protected area.

An opening closer in the sense of the invention may optionally be lockable and for this purpose have, for example, a bolt, a lock or another electronic, magnetic and / or mechanical locking system and / or a seal.

The opening closer can be provided with any attachment means to close the opening, for example, be nailed in the region of the opening, screwed and / or riveted. The opening closer may also have a hinge. It may possibly be provided that the opening closer can not be removed from the opening without destruction.

A closed state in the sense of the invention can in particular include the closed states "open" and "closed" but also intermediate states located between these two final states. In particular, however, the invention is suitable for detecting the two closed states "open" and "closed". For simplicity, the invention will be described below essentially with reference to this preferred embodiment; however, this is not meant to be limiting.

The influencing of the current flow may in particular relate to enabling or preventing the flow of current, for example by closing or interrupting or opening the circuit. For this purpose, for example, an electronically and / or mechanically controllable switch and / or a contact bridge can be provided.

However, influencing the current flow can also affect the direction of the current flow or the setting of a quantifiable size of the current flow.

For example, the current flow can be influenced by adding or removing resistors, capacitances, inductances, semiconductor components and / or other electrical components in the circuit through the meter.

The measuring device can also be designed as a sensor.

In particular, the evaluation electronics can be set up to detect the two states "current flow" and "no current flow" in order to detect one of the two closing states "open" or "closed", wherein the association between the states can be arbitrary. However, the evaluation electronics can also be set up to detect the size and / or the direction of the current flow, for example in order to detect further closed states up to value-continuous closed states of the opening closer.

According to the invention, the measuring device comprises at least one magnet carriage which is mechanically movable within a housing of the measuring device between a first position and a second position and which is designed to interact magnetically with the opening closer by magnetic attraction forces. The at least one magnetic slide is movable within the housing of the measuring device due to the magnetic attraction forces between the first position in which the opening closer is opened and the second position in which the opening closer is closed. The meter is further configured to affect the flow of current through the electrical circuit depending on the position of the at least one magnetic carriage within the housing of the meter.

The magnetic sled may be any type of mechanically and / or magnetically guided device that determines its position, in particular between the first position and the second position, due to magnetic attraction forces acting between the at least one magnetic sled and the opening closer , can change.

The at least one magnetic carriage is moved between the first position and the second position depending on the closed state of the opening closer.

In particular, the measuring device or the measuring device may be designed such that the at least one magnetic carriage is pulled by the magnetic attraction in the direction of the opening closer. As a function of the distance between the opening closer and the at least one magnetic slide, its magnetic interaction can weaken and the magnetic attraction force can thus be reduced. It can be provided in particular that the magnetic attraction between the opening closer and the at least one magnetic carriage decreases when the opening closer is opened or when the opening closer assumes an opened closed state and rises when the opening closer is closed or when the opening closer assumes a closed closed state. The at least one magnetic slide or the measuring device can preferably be arranged correspondingly to the opening closer, in particular in an edge region of the opening, which can close the opening closer. For example, the measuring device can be arranged in an interior space behind and / or next to the opening, preferably on a wall (housing) forming the interior.

Because the measuring device according to the invention combines magnetic and electrical properties for detecting the closing state of the opening closer, the detection of the closing state can be made safer, in particular largely tamper-proof. The fact that the closing state of the opening closer affects the position of the at least one magnetic slide, whose position in turn influences the current flow in the circuit, manipulation is much more difficult. A simple wire bridge for electrical bridging can thus no longer be used to influence the circuit.

For example, it may be provided that the magnet carriage moves away from the opening closer, thereby interrupting the flow of current through the electrical circuit. The interruption can take place, for example, by the fact that the magnet carriage no longer touches the opening closer. However, the interruption can also take place in that a remote from the opening closer end of the magnetic carriage is moved out of the circuit, so that the circuit is interrupted. The mechanical movement of the magnetic carriage can be designed in many variations such that the circuit is interrupted (or also produced) by the opening of the opening closer and the interruption point is positioned such that the circuit can not be bridged from the outside. This can be done, for example, that the interruption in an area not accessible from the outside, for example, takes place below the magnetic slide or the magnet slide enters a depression that does not readily allow bridging. Conversely, of course, can also be provided that a circuit is closed by the mechanical movement of the magnetic carriage and the closing of the circuit takes place at a location that is not easily accessible from the outside, so that the closing of the circuit can not be prevented.

The invention is also particularly suitable for ensuring that objects located in a closed space (eg a transport container) are not manipulated or altered unnoticed. The invention can advantageously be integrated into server housings, server cabinets and / or transport boxes, etc. in order to display unauthorized access by third parties (or at least an attempt to gain unauthorized access) acoustically, visually and / or electronically. Also, an automatic destruction and / or marking of an access-protected by the opening closer object in the event of a detected closing state change, especially in a recognized (unauthorized) opening of the opening closer is possible.

The measuring device or the evaluation electronics can be configured to display the closed state of the opening closer or a closed state change of the opening closer directly acoustically, visually and / or electronically. For example, the measuring device can be used in the manner of an alarm system and / or store a stored unauthorized access or a recognized closure state change in a data memory in a readable manner and / or display it on an optical display. The measuring device or the evaluation electronics can also be set up to pass on a closed-state change, wired or radio-based, to an independent device using any radio standard.

In one development of the invention, it can be provided that the at least one magnetic slide comprises at least one permanent magnet and / or a soft magnet.

Furthermore, the opening closer, in particular a housing part of the opening closer, may comprise at least one permanent magnet and / or a soft magnet. The opening closer or a housing part of the opening closer can preferably be formed at least partially from a soft magnetic material, for example iron, which reacts magnetically in the influence of a permanent magnet.

At least one electromagnet may also be provided in the opening closer and / or in the at least one magnetic carriage.

According to the invention it can be provided that at least either the magnetic slide or the opening closer or a housing part of the opening closer has a permanent magnet. The respective other component can then have a soft magnet or optionally also a permanent magnet.

In one development of the invention it can be provided that the at least one magnetic slide is mechanically displaceable and / or tiltable within the housing of the measuring device between the first position and the second position.

Preferably, the at least one magnetic slide is displaceably guided in the direction of the opening closer within the housing of the measuring device. A tilt of the at least one magnetic carriage in the manner of a rocker or a combination of tilting and displacement is possible.

The electrical circuit may be powered by a voltage source, preferably by a DC voltage source. The voltage source can be network-operated or network-independent. Preferably, at least one accumulator and / or at least one battery and / or at least one other accumulator for electrical energy, for example also one or more capacitors, may be provided.

In one development of the invention, provision may be made for a first magnetic carriage to form and / or comprise an electrical contact which is electrically connected to a first end of the electrical circuit.

The electrical circuit may have an interruption in the area of the meter. The electric circuit can thus have two nodes or poles or electrodes in the region of the measuring device, which are referred to herein as "ends" (first end, second end), the electric circuit being closed by establishing an electrical connection between the two ends can.

The first magnet carriage can thus be electrically connected to one of the two nodes between which the electrical circuit is interrupted, for example with a negative pole or a positive pole of a DC voltage source.

Characterized in that the first magnetic carriage is electrically connected to the first end of the electrical circuit, the meter can relatively easily influence the current flow depending on the position of the first magnetic carriage.

By way of example, the first magnet carriage may be connected to an electrical contact in such a way that the electrical contact can be moved along directly by the mechanical movement of the magnet carriage. However, it can also be provided that the first magnet slide itself is designed as an electrical contact.

In one development of the invention it can be provided that a second magnet carriage, the housing of the measuring device and / or the opening closer form and / or comprise an electrical countercontact which is electrically connected to a second end of the electrical circuit.

According to the invention, this results in a variety of ways to influence the flow of current through the circuit, in particular to allow or prevent the flow of current by the electrical contact is selectively connected to the electrical mating contact or not connected. Hereinafter, some preferred embodiments will be described. However, these are not restrictive and can in particular be combined with one another as long as this is not technically excluded.

In one development of the invention, the measuring device may be designed such that the at least one magnetic slide closes the electrical circuit in its first position in order to allow the flow of current and in its second position opens the electrical circuit to prevent the flow of current.

Thus, the meter may be configured to provide a closed circuit just when the opening shutter is open. The measuring device can be used in this variant as a so-called "opener", which opens the electric circuit when the opening closer is closed.

In a further development of the invention, however, the measuring device can also be designed such that the at least one magnetic slide opens the electrical circuit in its first position in order to prevent the flow of current, and in its second position closes the electrical circuit in order to allow the flow of current.

When the opening closer is opened, therefore, so that also the electric circuit can be opened. The meter can be used in this variant as a so-called "closer" to close the circuit when the opening closer is closed.

The selection as to whether a normally closed or a normally open contact should be provided can be made on an application-specific basis. In particular, when a grid-independent operation of the measuring device is provided, it may be advantageous to make the selection of whether a normally closed or a normally open is dependent on whether the opening closer is expected to be a majority of the time is open or closed. If, for example, it is to be expected that the opening closer is closed most of the time, an opener can optionally be used in an energy-saving manner, since then the electric circuit is open during the closed closing state of the opening closer and a current flow only at times when the opening closer is open and thus energy consumption takes place.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the measuring device can be configured to electrically contact an electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer in the second position of the at least one magnetic carriage with the electrical contact and / or with the electrical mating contact in order to connect the electrical circuit by means of the electrically conductive Close housing part of the opening closer.

To bridge the circuit between the electrical contact and the electrical mating contact can thus be used advantageously the opening closer or a housing part of the opening closer. The opening closer or the housing part of the opening closer can be designed to be completely electrically conductive or only in an area that is necessary for the bridging.

The electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer may also be a component provided for bridging between electrical contact and electrical mating contact, for example a metal sheet or a wire bridge.

In a development, it can be provided that the measuring device comprises two magnetic carriages and is designed to close the electrical circuit between the electrical contact of the first magnetic carriage and the electrical counter-contact of the second magnetic carriage by means of the electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer.

For example, the two magnetic carriages can each be designed as an electrical contact or electrical countercontact or can be designed for the mechanical movement of an electrical contact or an electrical countercontact. In particular, when the opening closer is closed and the magnetic attraction between the opening closer and the respective magnetic slide is particularly large, the magnetic carriage or the electrical contact or the electrical mating contact can be delivered by the magnetic attraction forces to the electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer and thus electrically bridged , In this way, the flow of current can be made possible when the opening closer is in the closed state and the flow of current is interrupted when the opening closer is opened.

Preferably, each of the magnetic carriages may comprise at least one permanent magnet.

The magnetic carriages can preferably be arranged next to each other.

The respective permanent magnets of the magnet carriage or carriages can preferably be aligned adjacent to one another in such a way that, for example, a magnetic north pole of a permanent magnet of the first magnetic carriage and a magnetic south pole arranged next to it point a permanent magnet of the second magnetic carriage in the direction of the opening closer - or vice versa.

An antipole arrangement of permanent magnets can lead to a particularly tamper-proof measuring device, since the magnetic slide can be magnetically manipulated or attracted together by their opposite polarity only by counter magnets of the same arrangement.

It can be provided in the at least one magnetic slide and a plurality of permanent magnets to increase a reverse polarity arrangement described above by an even more complex magnetic coding or defined arrangement / distribution of magnetic poles on. A manipulation of the measuring device by an unauthorized person can thus be done only in knowledge of the exact magnetic coding.

In a further development, the measuring device can also be designed to close the electric circuit between the electrical contact of the first magnetic carriage and the electrical mating contact of the housing of the measuring device by means of the electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer.

In this variant, in particular, the need for a second magnetic carriage can be omitted and the measuring device can thus be constructed simpler.

In one development of the invention, the measuring device can also be designed to close the electrical circuit between the electrical contact of the first magnetic carriage and the electrical mating contact of the conductive housing part of the opening closer by means of the electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer.

Also in this variant, preferably a second magnetic carriage can be dispensed with.

For example, the electrical mating contact of the conductive housing part of the opening closer may be formed as a ground contact. The electrical connection to the circuit can then take place, for example, starting from the opening closer via a cable or wire connection and / or electrical contacting of conductive housing components. As a result, the circuit can be closed, for example, only by the delivery of the magnetic carriage to the conductive housing part of the opening closer. A second electrical connection between the meter and the opening closer can be omitted.

The counter contact, z. B. a ground line, can be soldered or crimped example, for example, on the electrically conductive housing part of the opening closer. For example, an electrical contact via a cable lug may be provided.

An additional or redundant closed-state detection can also be provided, for example a further measuring device or a conventional system comprising a pushbutton or a wire bridge, in particular if the electrical mating contact is formed on or encompassed by the conductive housing part of the opening closer.

In one development, it can also be provided that the measuring device is designed to close the electrical circuit between the electrical contact of the first magnetic carriage and the electrical counter-contact of the housing of the measuring device in the first position or in the second position of the at least one magnetic slide.

In this variant, the security against manipulation can be improved again, in particular since the electrical contact can be made within the meter and thus usually from the outside - and especially with a closed opening closer - inaccessible.

It can be provided that the at least one magnetic carriage is formed encapsulated such that the at least one magnetic carriage is inaccessible from the opening closer. The at least one magnetic carriage then preferably does not touch the opening closer in its second position. In order to close the electric circuit can be provided, for example, that the at least one magnetic carriage in its second position, the electrical mating contact of the housing, which can encapsulate the at least one magnetic carriage at the same time, facing away from the opening closer contact surface, in this case an inner surface of the housing contacted (preferably at the front). The mating contact of the housing may preferably be a cover of the housing, then the magnet carriage strikes from the inside.

In a further development of the invention can also be provided that the electrical contact is designed as a conical projection and the electrical counter-contact as a conical recess. It is also possible that the electrical contact is designed as a conical recess and the electrical counter-contact as a conical projection.

The fact that the electrical contact can be mechanically absorbed by the electrical mating contact - or vice versa - the contact can be made very secure and the circuit thus remain closed, for example, vibration-proof.

Instead of conical projections and recesses and any projections and recesses may be provided which can penetrate each other for secure contact.

The electrical contact and / or the electrical mating contact can also be designed as flat contact (e), pin contact (e), contact blade (s) and / or plug contact (e). For example, the electrical contact and / or the electrical mating contact may also be sprung, in particular in the manner of pogo pins. Springing can also be achieved using other elastic materials, e.g. As an elastically compressible foam may be provided.

In one development of the invention, it can be provided that the housing of the measuring device surrounds the at least one magnetic carriage in the shape of a cup or cup, preferably coaxially, and is able to guide it.

Because the housing of the measuring device surrounds the at least one magnetic carriage in the shape of a cup, a particularly suitable mechanical guide can be provided. In addition, the meter can then be designed particularly tamper-proof.

Preferably, the measuring device may be formed with the at least one magnetic carriage in the manner of a coaxial cable. For example, then the housing of the measuring device or at least the electrical mating contact of the measuring device in the manner of an outer conductor encase an electrical insulator, in which in turn the magnetic slide or at least the electrical contact is guided in the manner of an inner conductor.

It is also possible to provide a coaxial arrangement with a plurality of magnetic carriages, for example with two magnet carriages arranged one inside the other, whose electrical contacts are preferably electrically insulated from one another.

It can also be provided that a first magnet slide with at least one permanent magnet forms or comprises the electrical contact and a third magnet slide comprises or forms at least one soft magnet and a safety contact bridge. The safety contact bridge may be configured to influence the flow of current through the electric circuit when the third magnet carriage is also attracted due to a tampering twist by a permanent tamper magnet intended to affect the permanent magnet (s) of the first and / or second magnetic carriage. In this way, a still more secure locking state detection can be provided, in which a possibility of manipulation with a strong permanent manipulation magnet can be excluded. For example, the safety contact bridge can be realized in that the electrical mating contact is delivered to the electrical contact during a manipulation attempt.

In a development, it can also be provided that the measuring device comprises a restoring device, which is designed to transfer the at least one magnetic carriage in the open state of the opening closer from the second position to the first position, preferably using at least one spring, an elastic material and / or a retention magnet.

In principle, however, a return device can also be dispensed with, in particular if a return from the second position to the first position is possible due to gravity or gravitation.

For example, a spiral spring and / or a leaf spring may be provided to form the return device. The use of an elastic foam body or foam is possible. It can also be a restoring device with at least one retaining magnet are suitable, which exerts at least a weak magnetic attraction on the at least one magnetic carriage such that the magnet carriage is moved back safely in an open closed state of the opening closer in the first position. By adjusting the magnetic attraction of the retaining magnet, for example, the position of the opening closer can be adjusted, from which an "open" closed state is to be detected. The restraining magnet may be at least one permanent magnet, one electromagnet and / or at least one soft magnet.

The use of a retaining magnet, in particular a soft magnet in the manner of an iron ring, which is arranged coaxially to the at least one magnetic slide on its rear side facing away from the opening closer, can in particular also improve the mechanical guidance of the at least one magnetic carriage.

In a further development of the invention it can be provided that the at least one magnetic slide, in particular the electrical contact of the first magnetic carriage and / or the electrical counter-contact of the second magnetic carriage recessed in its first position in the housing of the measuring device or set back relative to the front of the housing is arranged.

In its first position, the magnet carriage may preferably be recessed in the housing of the measuring device in such a way that manipulation, in particular the attempt to bridge the electrical contact of the first magnetic carriage with the electrical countercontact, is prevented. For this purpose, for example, at least one cover may be provided with a bore into which the contact extends and exits. Furthermore, a shutter could be provided which closes when retracting the contact, z. B. pivots back.

It can be provided that a movement of the outer conductor, the electrical mating contact and / or the insulator is coupled to the movement of the at least one magnetic carriage. For example, the at least one magnetic slide may have the said components or be mechanically connected to them and guided together. The electrical contact and the electrical mating contact (and optionally the interposed insulator) may then be moved together, for example, from the first position to the second position, wherein the electrical circuit is preferably closed by touching the conductive housing part of the opening closer in the second position.

In a development of the invention, provision can be made, in particular, for the evaluation electronics to be set up in order to store at least one detected closure state change of the opening closer in a data memory, possibly together with a time stamp. In particular, a read-only memory can be provided.

Preferably, it may be provided that an unauthorized opening or at least the attempt of unauthorized opening of the opening closer is stored in the data memory such that the unauthorized access to the opening closer is still readable when the opening closer was subsequently closed again.

The transmitter can be designed as a microprocessor or comprise a microprocessor. Instead of a microprocessor, any other device for implementing the evaluation can be provided, for example, one or more arrangements of discrete electrical components on a circuit board, a programmable logic controller (PLC), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or other programmable circuit, for example a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), and / or a commercially available computer.

The transmitter may measure the flow of current through the circuit using, for example, an ammeter and / or using a voltage meter to measure the voltage drop of a known series resistor to detect the closing condition of the opening closer. The measured current flow can, for example, be further processed analogously and / or digitally. The measured current flow and / or the measured voltage can in particular be compared with a reference value in order to detect a closing state change. The evaluation electronics can have a state machine in order to recognize and / or store the change in the closed state synchronously and / or asynchronously.

The invention also relates to a system for monitoring a closed state of an opening closer, comprising the opening closer and a measuring device with a measuring device and evaluation electronics. In this case, the measuring device is designed to influence the current flow through an electrical circuit as a function of the closed state of the opening closer. The evaluation is set up to detect the closed state of the opening closer on the basis of the current flow through the electrical circuit. In the system according to the invention it is further provided that the measuring device comprises at least one within a housing of the measuring device between a first position and a second position mechanically movable magnetic carriage, which is designed for magnetic interaction with the opening closer by magnetic attraction forces, wherein the at least one magnetic carriage within of the housing of the measuring device due to the magnetic attraction forces between the first position in which the opening closer is opened and the second position in which the opening closer is closed, is movable. The measuring device is further configured to influence the current flow through the electrical circuit as a function of the position of the at least one magnetic carriage within the housing of the measuring device.

The at least one magnetic carriage is moved between the first position and the second position depending on the closed state of the opening closer.

In a further development it can be provided that the opening closer is formed as part of a transport container and is suitable to close an access opening of the transport container. The system thus preferably also comprises a transport container.

In principle, the system can be provided for use with any access opening that can be closed by means of the opening closer. For example, the system may also include a room, a suitcase, a housing, a building, a transport and / or storage container, a cabinet, for example a server cabinet or a vault or any other open or closed area with an opening, in particular an access protected area ,

In a further development it can be provided that the transport container for receiving an object to be transported, which is to be protected against manipulation, preferably an electronic module, particularly preferably a programmable electronic module, very particularly preferably a server or an assembly of a server is formed.

The invention can thus be used advantageously to securely detect unauthorized access to and possibly manipulation of the object to be transported or stored. For example, it is known that during the transport or storage of servers or assemblies of a server sometimes unauthorized third parties manipulate the electronics undesirable and play, for example, Trojans, viruses, spyware or other unwanted software. Such a manipulation or at least an unauthorized access can at least be determined by the monitoring according to the invention of the closed state of the opening closer.

The system according to the invention may further comprise evaluation electronics for detecting a closed state or a closed state change at any time from among Evaluation electronics, in particular from a data memory of the transmitter to read. For example, after the transport of a manipulation-protected article to be transported by means of the evaluation electronics can be determined whether the opening closer was opened without authorization. In this case, the item being transported, for example a server or a server component, could be discarded or specially checked.

The system according to the invention may also comprise a plurality of measuring devices or at least a plurality of measuring devices, which are arranged distributed, for example, along the opening closer in order to enable a redundant monitoring of the closing state. For example, a measuring device or a measuring device may be provided on each side of the opening closer or at least on two opposite sides of the opening closer.

The invention is also suitable for detecting the closed state of an opening closer in the manner of a vehicle door or a body part of a vehicle. The term "vehicle" describes any means of transportation, in particular vehicles on land, on water or in the air, including spacecraft.

The invention further relates to a method for detecting a closed state of an opening closer, after which a measuring device influences the current flow through an electrical circuit as a function of the closing state of the opening closer, and then an evaluation recognizes the closed state of the opening closer on the basis of the current flow through the electric circuit. In the method according to the invention it is further provided that at least one magnetic carriage of the measuring device interacts with the opening closer by magnetic attraction forces and between a first position in which the opening closer is opened and a second position in which the opening closer is closed within a magnet Housing of the measuring device is moved and affects the flow of current through the electrical circuit depending on the position of the at least one magnetic carriage within the housing of the meter.

Due to the magnetic attraction between the opening closer and the at least one magnetic carriage, a movement or change of state of the opening closer leads to a movement of the at least one magnetic carriage. The mechanical movement of the opening closer when opening or closing is thus transferred to the at least one magnetic carriage. Due to the fact that the current flow through the electrical circuit depends on the position of the at least one magnetic carriage, a change of the magnetic carriage leads to a change of the current flow, which can be detected and further processed by the evaluation electronics, so that a state change of the opening closer can be documented.

In order to detect the current flow on the part of the evaluation electronics, the current flow or a voltage value that thereby drops across a series resistor can be compared with a reference value using, for example, a comparator. The comparator can then be connected, for example, on the output side to an analog or preferably digital circuit. For example, a trigger signal of the comparator for a state change of a state machine or for any other digital circuit can be used with a memory, in particular in order to save a closing state change, preferably an unauthorized opening of the opening closer.

The invention also relates to a use of an above-described measuring device for detecting a closing state of an opening closer for detecting unauthorized access to the opening closer.

Features that have already been described in connection with the measuring device according to the invention are of course also for the inventive system or the inventive method advantageously implemented - and vice versa. Furthermore, advantages which have already been mentioned in connection with the measuring device according to the invention can also be understood as referring to the system according to the invention or to the method according to the invention - and vice versa.

It should be understood that terms such as "comprising," "having," or "having" do not exclude other features or steps. Further, terms such as "on" or "that" indicating a singular number of steps or features do not exclude a plurality of features or steps - and vice versa.

Embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing.

The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are illustrated in combination with each other. Feature of an embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can accordingly by a skilled person readily to further meaningful combinations and Subcombinations are combined with features of other embodiments.

In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

• 1: ein erfindungsgemäßes System in einer Ausgestaltung zur Überwachung eines Schließzustands eines Öffnungsschließers eines Transportbehälters;
• 2: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform mit zwei Magnetschlitten bei geschlossenem Öffnungsschließer;
• 3: die Messeinrichtung der 2 bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer;
• 4: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit zwei Magnetschlitten mit Rückstellfedern bei geschlossenem Öffnungsschließer;
• 5: die Messeinrichtung der 4 bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer;
• 6: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer dritten Ausführungsform mit einem Magnetschlitten und einem an dem Öffnungsschließer angeordneten Gegenkontakt bei geschlossenem Öffnungsschließer;
• 7: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer vierten Ausführungsform mit einem Magnetschlitten, einer Rückstellfeder und einem an dem Öffnungsschließer angeordneten Gegenkontakt bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer;
• 8: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer fünften Ausführungsform mit einem Magnetschlitten und einem innerhalb des Gehäuses des Messgeräts angeordneten Gegenkontakt bei geschlossenem Öffnungsschließer;
• 9: die Messeinrichtung der 8 bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer;
• 10: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer sechsten Ausführungsform mit einem Magnetschlitten und einer Rückhaltefeder sowie einem innerhalb des Gehäuses des Messgeräts angeordneten elektrischen Gegenkontakt bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer;
• 11: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer siebten Ausführungsform mit einem Magnetschlitten und einen innerhalb des Gehäuses des Messgeräts angeordneten elektrischen Gegenkontakt bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer;
• 12: einen mechanisch in einem Gehäuse des Messgeräts geführten Magnetschlitten mit einem zustellbaren Pogo-Pin;
• 13: ein koaxial ausgebildetes Messgerät mit einem Magnetschlitten in der ersten Position in isometrischer Darstellung;
• 14: das koaxial ausgebildete Messgerät der 13 in der zweiten Position in isometrischer Darstellung;
• 15: ein Messgerät mit zwei Magnetschlitten und einer beispielhaften magnetischen Kodierung in einer Draufsicht;
• 16: eine erfindungsgemäße Messeinrichtung in einer achten Ausführungsform bei geöffnetem Öffnungsschließer mit zwei Magnetschlitten, die als erster und dritter Magnetschlitten ausgebildet und zueinander koaxial angeordnet sind;
• 17: eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnitts XVII der 16;
• 18: eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnitts XVIII der 16;
• 19: die Messeinrichtung der 16 bei geschlossenem Öffnungsschließer; und
• 20: die Messeinrichtung der 16 bei geschlossenem Öffnungsschließer und einem Manipulationsversuch.

They show schematically:

• 1 a system according to the invention in an embodiment for monitoring a closed state of an opening closer of a transport container;
• 2 a measuring device according to the invention in a first embodiment with two magnetic carriages with the opening closer closed;
• 3 : the measuring device of the 2 with open opening closer;
• 4 a measuring device according to the invention in a second embodiment with two magnetic carriage with return springs with the opening closer closed;
• 5 : the measuring device of the 4 with open opening closer;
• 6 a measuring device according to the invention in a third embodiment with a magnetic carriage and a counter-contact arranged on the opening closer with the opening closer closed;
• 7 a measuring device according to the invention in a fourth embodiment with a magnetic slide, a return spring and a counter-contact arranged on the opening closer with the opening closer open;
• 8th a measuring device according to the invention in a fifth embodiment with a magnetic slide and a counter contact disposed within the housing of the measuring device with the opening closer closed;
• 9 : the measuring device of the 8th with open opening closer;
• 10 a measuring device according to the invention in a sixth embodiment with a magnetic carriage and a retaining spring and a disposed within the housing of the measuring device electrical mating contact with the opening closer;
• 11 a measuring device according to the invention in a seventh embodiment with a magnetic carriage and an electrical counter-contact disposed within the housing of the measuring device with the opening closer open;
• 12 a mechanically guided in a housing of the measuring device magnetic carriage with a deliverable pogo pin;
• 13 a coaxially formed measuring device with a magnetic carriage in the first position in an isometric view;
• 14 : the coaxially formed measuring device of 13 in the second position in isometric view;
• 15 a measuring device with two magnetic carriages and an exemplary magnetic coding in a plan view;
• 16 a measuring device according to the invention in an eighth embodiment with open aperture closer with two magnet slides, which are formed as first and third magnetic carriage and arranged coaxially with each other;
• 17 : an enlarged view of the detail XVII the 16 ;
• 18 : an enlarged view of the detail XVIII the 16 ;
• 19 : the measuring device of the 16 with closed opening closer; and
• 20 : the measuring device of the 16 with the opening closer closed and a manipulation attempt.

1 shows a system 1 for monitoring a closed state of an opening closer 2 , The opening closer 2 is in the embodiment of 1 as a lid of a transport container 3 educated. Basically, however, can be any opening closer 2 be provided, for example, a door, a window, a gap, a flap or a housing cover. In the embodiment of 1 It is envisaged that the opening closer designed as a lid 2 by means of nails 4 on the transport container 3 is attached. Basically, the opening closer 2 but also by means of a hinge and / or by means of any locking means, for example, using a lock or seal, are closed on the opening to be closed.

The system 1 includes a measuring device 5 and an object to be transported 6 to be protected from manipulation. The article may, for example, be an electronic assembly, preferably a programmable electronic assembly, most preferably a server or an assembly of a server located in the transport container 3 closed transportable.

The system 1 allows the closed state of the opening closer 2 during transport and / or during storage, and in particular to be able to determine during transport and / or storage and / or after transport or storage, whether an unauthorized access or an unauthorized closure state change of the opening closer 2 took place. If an unauthorized access is detected, a security critical item can 6 thus be disposed of or further investigated prior to its use, for example, to ensure that a server has not been equipped with unwanted software.

The measuring device 5 is in 1 only shown in a highly schematic and is described in more detail in the following figures and in the following description.

In the case of the opening closer shown in the following figures 2 it may, for example, an access door or also in the 1 already shown cover of the transport container 3 or any other means for closing an access opening.

In the 2 and 3 is a first embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention 5 for detecting the closing state of an opening closer 2 shown in a schematic sectional view.

The measuring device 5 includes a meter 7 and an evaluation 8th , The measuring device 7 is designed to handle the flow of electricity i through an electrical circuit 9 depending on the closed state of the opening closer 2 to influence, with the transmitter 8th is set to the closed state of the opening closer 2 based on the current flow i through the electrical circuit 9 to recognize. The circuit 9 is for simplicity in the figures only in the case of the closed circuit 9 shown.

In the illustrated embodiments affects the influence of the current flow i through the electrical circuit 9 and the detection of the closing state of the opening closer 2 the two discrete states "current flow" and "no current flow" or the corresponding discrete closed states "open" and "closed" (in any assignment). In principle, however, further states between these extreme values can be provided - discrete as well as continuous value (closing) states.

To the closed state of the opening closer 2 based on the current flow i can recognize any configurations of the evaluation electronics 8th be provided. This is not important in the sense of the invention. For example, as in the 2 and 3 shown, can be an ammeter A be provided that the presence of a current flow i through the circuit 9 recognizes. In case of lack of current flow i What is present on an open closed state of the opening closer 2 can point, as in 3 represented, an information in a data memory 10 the transmitter 8th or stored in another data store. By means of an optional readout unit 11 which are also part of the system 1 can thus, during or after transport or storage or at any time from the data memory 10 be read whether an (unauthorized) lock state change has taken place and in particular whether the opening closer 2 was opened without authorization.

To limit the current flow i in the case of a closed circuit 9 one or more series resistors R can be provided. To provide the current flow i, for example, a DC voltage source 12 be provided.

As mentioned above, it depends on the exact design of the transmitter 8th not in the context of the invention. In principle, the person skilled in the art can also provide configurations deviating from the exemplary embodiments or the description of the invention.

The measuring device 7 includes at least one within a housing 13 of the meter 7 between a first position P1 and a second position P2 (see eg. 3 ) mechanically movable magnetic carriage 14 ,

In the embodiment of 2 and 3 as well as the 4 and 5 are two magnetic slides 14 . 15 intended. In principle, however, any number of magnetic slides 14 . 15 be provided, in particular, only a magnetic slide 14 (See, for example, the 6 to 11 ).

The magnet or carriages 14 . 15 are for magnetic interaction with the orifice closer 2 formed by magnetic attraction forces, wherein the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 inside the case 13 of the meter 7 due to the magnetic attraction forces depending on the closed state of the opening closer 2 between the first position P1 in which the opening closer 2 is open and the second position P2 in which the opening closer 2 is closed, is movable. The measuring device 7 is set up, the current flow i through the electrical circuit 9 depending on the position P1 . P2 of the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 inside the case 13 of the meter 7 to influence.

In principle, the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 at least one permanent magnet 16 and / or a soft magnet 17 (see. 16 . 19 and 20 ). It depends essentially on the fact that the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 with the opening closer 2 interacts magnetically, to the effect that the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 from the opening closer 2 magnetically attracted, especially when the opening closer 2 has a closed state. Basically, thus, the opening closer 2 be formed as a permanent magnet and / or as a soft magnet or include a permanent magnet and / or a soft magnet. In the embodiments, the opening closer 2 formed of a soft magnetic material.

Instead of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet can be used.

In the embodiments, the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 inside the case 13 of the meter 7 between the first position P1 and the second position P2 mechanically movable. In principle, the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 also be tiltable.

To manipulate the measuring device 5 excluded by an unauthorized person possible, it can be provided that the at least one magnetic slide 14 . 15 in his first position P1 in the housing of the meter 7 recessed or set back from the surface, z. B. in a recess or a return, is arranged. This is for example in 3 recognizable, whereas in 2 the two magnetic carriages 14 . 15 due to the direction of the opening closer 2 pointing magnetic attraction coplanar with the front of the case 13 of the meter 7 are arranged and thus the opening closer 2 touch. A touch of the opening closer 2 is not necessary.

It can be provided that the first magnet slide 14 an electrical contact 18 forms and / or includes, with a first end 19 of the electrical circuit 9 electrically connected.

In the embodiments of the 2 to 7 as well as the 11 to 15 includes the first magnetic carriage 14 each an electrical contact 18 for electrically contacting an electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 , Here, the opening closer 2 basically be formed entirely of an electrically conductive material. However, it may be sufficient if the opening closer 2 only in the area of the measuring device 5 is electrically conductive, for example by the electrically conductive housing part 20 a tin, as in 1 illustrated by dashed lines, includes.

The housing 13 of the meter 7 is preferably formed substantially of an electrically insulating material. This is especially true in the embodiments of the 2 to 5 to the two magnetic carriages 14 . 15 electrically isolate each other. An electrically insulating housing 13 of the meter 7 but may in principle be advantageous for all embodiments, in particular for the embodiments in which the electrical contact 18 of the first magnetic carriage 14 in his second position P2 the electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 contacted, as an electrical contact of the magnetic carriage 14 with the opening closer 2 over the housing 13 in the first position P1 at least for most embodiments is not desired.

In the embodiments of the 2 to 5 and 15, the second magnet carriage 15 an electrical counter contact 21 on that with the second end 22 of the electrical circuit 9 electrically connected.

The permanent magnets 16 the two magnetic carriages 14 . 15 can from an electrically conductive shell 23 be surrounded, which is the electrical contact 18 and the electrical mating contact 21 each contact and geometrically expand or emboss. The case 23 can consist of several components. It can also be provided that the electrical contact 18 or the electrical counter contact 21 completely through the shell 23 are formed. The case 23 but can also be omitted, especially if the one or more permanent magnets 16 are formed of a sufficiently conductive material. The magnetic carriages 14 . 15 may thus be in the nature of internal conductors in the electrically insulating housing 13 of the meter 7 be included.

The measuring device 7 may be configured to be in the second position P2 the electrical circuit 9 between the electrical contact 18 of the first magnetic carriage 14 and the electrical mating contact 21 of the second magnetic carriage 15 by means of the electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 close. This can be done directly by mechanical contacting of the electrical contact 18 with the electrical mating contact 21 or indirectly by electrical contacting of the electrical contact 18 with the electrical mating contact 21 over one or more other components, eg. B. the electrically conductive housing part 20 and / or the electrically conductive sheath 23 done as in 2 and in 4 shown. In the 3 and 5 is the electrical circuit 9 due to the opened opening closer 2 and thus by the required for contacting but now missing conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 open, reducing the current flow i is prevented. The measuring device 7 thus opens the circuit 9 when the opening closer 2 is opened and closes the circuit 9 when the opening closer 2 is closed. The measuring device 7 is designed in this case as so-called. "Normally open".

The embodiment of 4 and 5 is to the embodiment of 2 and 3 fundamentally similar, which is why only the differences are discussed below. This also applies to the other figures.

In the embodiment of 4 and 5 a return device is provided, which is designed to the magnetic carriage 14 . 15 in an open state of the opening closer 2 from the second position P2 in the first position P1 return. This is an elastic spring 24 intended. Instead of the spring 24 Basically, an elastic material of any kind, for example, a foam and / or a retaining magnet may be provided. The restoring device can also be omitted, such as in the 2 and 3 shown. This is especially true if due to the arrangement of the measuring device 5 a reset due to gravity or gravitation can take place.

In 6 is another embodiment of the measuring device 5 shown, but in which only a magnetic slide 14 is provided. The second magnet carriage 15 can therefore be omitted if necessary. To the circuit 9 to be able to close, the opening closer 2 the electrical counter contact 21 on that with the second end 22 of the electrical circuit 9 electrically connected. Thus, the electrical circuit 9 when the opening closer is closed 2 by means of the electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 getting closed. The structure of the measuring device 7 can by using only a magnetic carriage 14 be simplified. It is only necessary a return 25 , starting from the electrical mating contact 21 , to the DC voltage source 12 provided.

In the embodiment of 6 is also a soft magnetic retention magnet 26 on the opening closer 2 opposite back of the magnetic slide 14 provided to the magnet carriage 14 mechanically stable to lead. The soft-magnetic retention magnet 26 may be formed as an iron ring and may possibly also to the provision of the second position P2 in the first position P1 be used. Instead of a soft magnet and a permanent magnet may be provided to the retaining magnet 26 train.

The embodiment of 6 also shows another of several ways to detect current flow i on the part of the transmitter 8th , This is in place of the ammeter A a voltmeter U used to over the known series resistance R to measure falling voltage, which in turn can be the current flow i calculated.

In 7 is another embodiment of the measuring device 5 shown in principle the embodiment of the 6 similar. In the embodiment of 7 is a feather, though 24 for returning the magnetic carriage 14 in its rest position, ie in its first position P1 provided when the opening closer 2 is open.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the 7 an electrical mating contact 21 at the opening closer 2 educated. It is indicated that the electrical mating contact 21 preferably as a ground connection 27 may be formed, for example, to a metallic housing part of the transport container 3 , The circuit 9 can then preferably be closed when the negative pole of the DC voltage source 12 also with a ground connection 27 of the transport container 3 connected is. An electrical return 25 , starting from the electrical mating contact 21 may be omitted or shortened. For reasons of clarity, the transmitter is 8th not shown in the following figures.

The 8th and 9 show a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the electrical mating contact 21 inside the case 13 of the meter 7 is trained. 8th shows a closed closed state of the opening closer 2 and 9 an opened closed state of the opening closer 2 ,

In the embodiment of 8th and 9 is the measuring device 7 designed as a so-called "opener" such that the magnet carriage 14 in his first position P1 the electrical circuit 9 closes to allow the flow of current i and in its second position P2 the electrical circuit 9 opens to the flow of electricity i to prevent. So if the opening closer 2 is closed and the magnet carriage 14 thereby from the opening closer 2 is magnetically attracted, the electrical circuit 9 opened and when the opening closer 2 is opened, the electrical circuit 9 between the electrical contact 18 of magnet carrier 14 with the electrical mating contact 21 of the housing 13 of the meter 7 closed.

The electrical counter contact 21 is by an outer conductor part 28 extends and surrounds the magnet carriage 14 as well as the electrical contact 18 essentially coaxial. The outer conductor part 28 can be designed in several parts or in one piece. The electrical counter contact 21 can also be completely out of the outer conductor part 28 be formed. Between outer conductor part 28 and the electrical contact 18 is an insulator 29 intended. Furthermore, an electrical contact with the opening closer 2 not provided, which is why the permanent magnet 16 of the magnetic carriage 14 an electrically insulating cover part 30 and / or the opening closer 2 is not electrically conductive.

It can be provided in particular that the housing 13 of the meter 7 the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 cup-shaped surrounds and is able to lead into itself.

Preferably, the electrical contact 18 (or the electrically conductive shell 23 ) as a conical projection and the electrical counter-contact 21 or the outer conductor part 28 be designed as a conical recourse - or vice versa. The electrical contact 18 and the electrical mating contact 21 especially on the opening closer 2 remote from the back of at least one magnetic carriage 14 be arranged and designed for mutual, frontal contact. If additional projections and recesses are provided, the two contacts 18 . 21 when the magnet carriage 14 in the first position P1 moves into each other penetrate and thus contact safely.

In particular, in an embodiment in the manner of 8th to 10 Electrical manipulation is largely excluded because the electrical contact is inaccessible within the housing 13 of the meter 7 takes place.

In the embodiment of 8th and 9 can be a retention magnet 26 for guiding and possibly returning the magnetic carriage 14 be provided (as shown).

In 10 a further embodiment of the invention is shown, which the embodiment of the 8th and 9 corresponds to, however, to the provision again a spring 24 is provided. The retention magnet 26 may possibly be omitted (as shown).

Another embodiment, which is not shown, may be that the outer conductor part 28 and / or the housing 13 of the meter 7 the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 . 31 encapsulates such that the at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 . 31 in his second position P2 not the opening closer 2 contacted, but an inner surface of the housing 13 and / or the outer conductor part 28 , causing the electrical circuit 9 can be closed. The at least one magnetic carriage 14 . 15 . 31 can thus be in a closed chamber depending on the closed state of the opening closer 2 between the two positions P1 . P2 move to the flow of electricity i to influence.

Although the meter 7 in the embodiments of the 8th to 10 is designed as an "opener", it may also be designed as a "closer" in a similar embodiment. For this example, the outer conductor part 28 above or to the side of the magnet slide 14 run and form a stop against which the magnetic slide 14 in his second position P2 with his electrical contact 18 or with a conductive with the electrical contact 18 Connected component strikes to the circuit in the second position P2 of the magnetic carriage 14 close and in the first position P1 to open.

Another embodiment shows 11 , where the meter 7 is designed to the electrical circuit 9 between the electrical contact 18 of the magnetic carriage 14 and the electrical mating contact 21 of the housing 13 of the meter 7 by means of the electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 close. Essentially, a coaxial arrangement is provided which resembles a coaxial connector. In this case, the outer conductor part 28 that with the electrical mating contact 21 is in electrical contact for contacting with the electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 used and protrudes for this purpose from the housing 13 of the meter 7 easy forward. Within the outer conductor part 28 is the magnet slide 14 led, whose permanent magnet 16 from the electrically conductive shell 23 surrounded, in turn, with the electrical contact 18 connected is. An insulator 29 separates the outer conductor part 28 and the conductive sheath 23 , In the first position P1 is the magnet slide 14 in the case 13 of the meter 7 and thus also in the outer conductor part 28 recessed. In the second position P2 in which the magnet carriage 14 from the closed opening closer 2 is magnetically attracted (not shown), contacted in addition to the outer conductor part 28 also the conductive shell 23 the conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 , causing the electrical circuit 9 closed is.

One of the embodiment of the 11 similar embodiment of the measuring device 7 show the 13 and 14 in isometric view. The housing 13 of the meter 7 surround this Outer conductor part 28 shell-shaped, which in turn is the electrical insulator 29 sheathed in which finally the magnetic slide 14 is arranged and guided. The magnet carriage 14 includes a permanent magnet 16 , at the same time as electrical contact 18 is trained. The electrically conductive shell 23 deleted, but may also be provided if necessary. With a bridging of the electrical contact 18 and the electrical mating contact 21 by means of the electrically conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 (not shown), the electrical circuit 9 getting closed. 13 shows the magnet carriage 14 in the first position P1 with open opening closer 2 and 14 shows the magnet carriage 14 in the second position P2 if this from the closed opening closer 2 magnetically attracted.

It can also be provided that the magnetic carriage 14 together with the outer conductor part 28 , the electrical counter contact 21 and / or the insulator 29 between the two positions P1 . P2 is movable. For example, the magnetic carriage 14 the outer conductor part 28 , the electrical mating contact 21 and / or the insulator 29 include. When the components are in the second position P2 are comparable, as in 14 shown, the electrical circuit 9 by contacting the conductive housing part 20 of the opening closer 2 getting closed. If the components are moved back (individually, partially or together), the electrical circuit 9 however again opened. Compared to 13 would not be just the magnet slide 14 set back but also the electrical counter contact 21 or the outer conductor part 28 and optionally also the insulator 29 ,

12 shows a further variant of a magnetic carriage 14 , where the magnetic carriage 14 an electrical contact 18 having, in the manner of a pogo-pin of the magnetic carriage 14 protrudes and with the electrically conductive shell 23 of the permanent magnet 16 and thus with the first end 19 of the electrical circuit 9 connected is. The housing 13 of the meter 7 is designed such that an abusive contact with the electrical contact 18 is almost impossible when the magnet slide 14 in the first position P1 is because of the electrical contact 18 then inside the case 13 recessed and limited access through a narrow access opening.

It may be provided a magnetic coding, in particular when using multiple magnetic carriage 14 . 15 or when using multiple permanent magnets 16 inside a magnetic carriage 14 . 15 to a magnetic manipulation of the measuring device 5 further complicate. For example, shows 15 a top view of a measuring device 7 , for example a measuring device 7 according to the 2 to 5 in which the permanent magnets 16 the respective magnetic carriage 14 . 15 are aligned opposite pole next to each other, after which a magnetic attraction on a for manipulation of the measuring device 5 provided manipulation permanent magnet can only be made if it has a corresponding counter-coding.

Finally, the show 16 to 20 a further embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention 5 , It is in the meter 7 a third magnet slide 31 provided, the first magnetic carriage 14 preferably coaxially surrounds. The third magnet carriage 31 indicates a permanent magnet 16 a soft magnet 17 on and can be used to a magnetic manipulation attempt of the measuring device 5 to recognize. The measuring device 7 This embodiment is designed as an opener.

16 shows the first magnet slide 14 in his first position P1 with open opening closer 2 , The electrical circuit 9 is in the first position P1 of the first magnetic carriage 14 closed and runs between the electrical contact 18 and the electrical mating contact 21 , The electrical counter contact 21 is present with the outer conductor part 28 electrically connected, of which at least one spring tab 32 goes out to the third magnet carriage 31 to contact electrically (see enlarged illustration according to 17 ). The third magnet carriage 31 essentially comprises the soft magnet 17 , which is at the same time sufficiently electrically conductive and of the outer conductor part 28 and the at least one spring tab 32 also mechanically guided. The third magnet carriage 31 is in the direction of the opening closer 2 arranged mechanically movable or displaceable. The electrical insulator 29 separates the third magnet carriage 31 and the first magnet carriage 14 , An electrical contact between the the electrical contact 18 forming first magnetic carriage 14 and the conductive soft magnet 17 of the third magnetic carriage 31 takes place on the the opening closer 2 remote from the back of the meter 7 when the first magnet carriage 14 his first position P1 in which he sits on the soft magnet 17 of the third magnetic carriage 31 (see enlarged illustration according to 18 ).

The spring tabs 32 are preferably formed of a non-magnetic material, for example CuZn (brass) or CuBe (beryllium copper).

19 shows the first magnet slide 14 in his second position P2 when the opening closer is closed 2 , whereby the electric circuit 9 opened because the electrical connection between the soft magnet 17 of the third magnetic carriage 31 and the electrical contact 18 of the first magnetic carriage 14 by "lifting" the first magnetic carriage 14 is disconnected.

Finally shows 20 the state of the meter 7 during a manipulation attempt, wherein the electrical circuit 9 despite closed opening closer 2 is closed. Becomes an exemplified, strong manipulation permanent magnet 33 when the opening closer is closed 2 to the measuring device 5 approximated, z. B. to prevent the first magnet carriage 14 when removing the opening closer 2 in the first position P1 returns, becomes the soft magnet 17 of the third magnetic carriage 31 from the manipulation permanent magnet 33 magnetic towards the opening closer 2 finally attracted and contacted in this way the electrical contact 18 of the first magnetic carriage 14 by means of a safety contact bridge.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102012005541 A1 [0004, 0007]

Claims (21)

Measuring device (5) for detecting a closing state of an opening closer (2), comprising a measuring device (7) and an evaluation (8), wherein the measuring device (7) is designed to the current flow (i) by an electrical circuit (9) in To influence the closing state of the opening shooter (2), and wherein the evaluation electronics (8) is arranged to detect the closing state of the opening closer (2) on the basis of the current flow (i) through the electrical circuit (9), characterized in that the Measuring device (7) comprises at least one within a housing (13) of the measuring device (7) between a first position (P1) and a second position (P2) mechanically movable magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) for magnetic interaction with the opening closer (2) is formed by magnetic attraction forces, wherein the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) within the housing (13) of the measuring device (7) aufgru nd the magnetic attraction forces between the first position (P1), in which the opening closer (2) is opened and the second position (P2), in which the opening closer (2) is closed, is movable, and wherein the measuring device (7) on is arranged to influence the current flow (i) through the electric circuit (9) depending on the position (P1, P2) of the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) within the housing (13) of the measuring device (7). Measuring device (5) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one magnetic slide (14, 15, 31) comprises at least one permanent magnet (16) and / or a soft magnet (17). Measuring device (5) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the at least one magnetic slide (14, 15, 31) within the housing (13) of the measuring device (7) between the first position (P1) and the second position (P2) is mechanically displaceable and / or tiltable. Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that a first magnetic carriage (14) forms and / or comprises an electrical contact (18) which is electrically connected to a first end (19) of the electric circuit (9). Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that a second magnetic carriage (15), the housing (13) of the measuring device (7) and / or the opening closer (2) forms and / or comprises an electrical mating contact (21) which is connected to a second end (22). of the electrical circuit (9) is electrically connected. Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) is designed such that the at least one magnetic slide (14, 15) in its first position (P1) closes the electrical circuit (9) to allow the flow of current (i) and in its second position (P2) opens the electrical circuit (9) to prevent the flow of current (i). Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) is designed such that the at least one magnetic slide (14, 15) in its first position (P1) opens the electrical circuit (9) to prevent the current flow (i), and in its second position (P2) closes the electric circuit (9) to allow the flow of current (i). Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 5 to 7 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) is designed to be in the second position (P2) of the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15) with the electrical contact (18) and / or with the electrical mating contact (21) an electrically conductive Casing part (20) of the open-circuit-breaker (2) to contact electrically to close the electrical circuit (9) by means of the electrically conductive housing part (20) of the opening closer (2). Measuring device (5) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) comprises two magnetic carriages (14, 15) and is designed to connect the electrical circuit (9) between the electrical contact (18) of the first magnetic carriage (14) and the electrical countercontact (21) of the first magnetic carriage (14) second magnetic carriage (15) by means of the electrically conductive housing part (20) of the opening closer (2) to close. Measuring device (5) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) is designed to connect the electrical circuit (9) between the electrical contact (18) of the first magnetic carriage (14) and the electrical mating contact (21) of the housing (13) of the measuring device (7). to close by means of the electrically conductive housing part (20) of the opening closer (2). Measuring device (5) according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) is adapted to the electrical circuit (9) between the electrical contact (18) of the first magnetic carriage (14) and the electrical mating contact (21) of the opening closer (2) by means of the electrically conductive housing part (20) of the opening closer (2). Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 5 to 11 , characterized in that the Measuring device (7) is adapted to in the first position (P1) or in the second position (P2) of the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31), the electrical circuit (9) between the electrical contact (18) of the first magnetic carriage (14) and the electrical mating contact (21) of the housing (13) of the measuring device (7) to close. Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 5 to 12 , characterized in that the electrical contact (18) is designed as a conical projection and the electrical mating contact (21) as a conical recess. Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 13 , characterized in that the housing (13) of the measuring device (7), the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) cup-shaped, preferably coaxially, surrounds and is capable of leading. Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 14 , characterized in that the measuring device (7) comprises a restoring device which is designed to move the at least one magnetic slide (14, 15, 31) in the open state of the opening closer (2) from the second position (P2) to the first position (FIG. P1), preferably using at least one spring (24), an elastic material and / or a retention magnet (26). Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 15 , characterized in that the at least one magnetic slide (14, 15, 31) is recessed in its first position (P1) in the housing (13) of the measuring device (7). Measuring device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 16 , characterized in that the evaluation electronics (8) is adapted to store at least one detected closing state change of the opening closer (2) in a data memory (10). System (1) for monitoring a closing state of an opening closer (2), comprising the opening closer (2) and a measuring device (5) with a measuring device (7) and evaluation electronics (8), wherein the measuring device (7) is designed to hold the Current flow (i) by an electric circuit (9) depending on the closed state of the opening shooter (2) to influence, and wherein the evaluation (8) is adapted to the closing state of the opening closer (2) based on the current flow (i) by the electric Circuit (9) to be recognized, characterized in that the measuring device (7) at least one within a housing (13) of the measuring device (7) between a first position (P1) and a second position (P2) mechanically movable magnetic carriage (14, 15 , 31), which is designed for magnetic interaction with the opening closer (2) by magnetic attraction forces, wherein the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 3 1) within the housing (13) of the meter (7) due to the magnetic forces of attraction between the first position (P1) in which the opening closer (2) is opened and the second position (P2) in which the opening closer (2) is closed is, is movable, and wherein the measuring device (7) is further configured, the current flow (i) through the electric circuit (9) depending on the position (P1, P2) of the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) within the Housing (13) of the measuring device (7) to influence. System (1) to Claim 18 , characterized in that the opening closer (2) is formed as part of a transport container (3) and is suitable for closing an access opening of the transport container (3). System (1) to Claim 19 , characterized in that the transport container (3) for receiving an article to be transported (6) to be protected against manipulation, preferably an electronic module, particularly preferably a programmable electronic module, most preferably a server, or an assembly of a server, is trained. Method for detecting a closing state of an opening closer (2), according to which a measuring device (7) influences the current flow (i) by an electric circuit (9) as a function of the closing state of the opening closer (2), and an evaluation electronic unit (8) determines the closing state of the opening Opening closing ßers (2) on the basis of the current flow (i) through the electrical circuit (9) recognizes, characterized in that at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) of the measuring device (7) by means of magnetic interaction with the opening closer (2) magnetic attraction forces interacts and between a first position (P1), in which the opening closer (2) is opened and a second position (P2), in which the opening closer (2) is closed, within a housing (13) of the measuring device (7) is moved and the current flow (i) through the electric circuit (9) depending on the position (P1, P2) of the at least one magnetic carriage (14, 15, 31) within the housing (13) of the measuring device (7).

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