DE102017120742A1 - COMPONENT FOR ATTACHING AT LEAST ONE FURTHER COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR RIVETING COMPONENT PARTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a component (1), in particular carrier part, for attaching at least one further component (2), in particular cladding part, by riveting, in particular hot riveting, by means of at least one rivet mandrel (10) formed on the further component (2). on the component (1), wherein the rivet mandrel (10), when guided through a feedthrough opening (11) formed in the component (1) and a protruding end of the rivet mandrel (10) is deformed, forms a rivet head , According to the invention, the leadthrough opening (11) is formed in a weakened region (13) of the component (1), wherein the weakened region (13) has a lower breaking load than the adjacent region of the component (1) and a lower breaking load than the formed rivet. Further aspects of the invention relate to an arrangement of the first component (1) and the second component (2) and a method for riveting, in particular hot riveting, of the first component (1) to the second component (2).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a component for attaching at least one further component and a method for riveting components.

STATE OF THE ART

In riveted joints, sudden load events, such as the impact of a motor vehicle on an obstacle, can cause the riveted joint to tear off immediately. This can result in sharp edges that pose a significant risk of injury in the interior of a motor vehicle, especially if an airbag system (airbag) has not yet fully unfolded. This danger exists especially when the rivet holes are formed as circular through holes, as an overload acts directly and undamped on the rivet. It is known to perform rivet holes as elongated holes instead of round holes in order to allow deflection of the rivet shank, so that the rupture of the riveted connection can be delayed or even prevented. Also can be avoided or compensated by oblong holes warping of the components, which could be caused by different thermal expansion, for example.

When the rivet connection is made by hot riveting, with one end of the rivet being fused to make the rivet head, the molten material can flow into the slot, making the rivet head reliable, or even impossible. In particular, in plastic parts in which the rivet shank is already formed as a rivet mandrel, the hot riveting is common. The plastic part can be, for example, a trim part, which is to be attached to a support part on the body or on a door of a vehicle. But even with other riveting materials flowing during deformation material can dodge into the slot, whereby the rivet head can be disfigured from the beginning. Furthermore, the material can come into contact with the oblong hole and merge with it, so that the rivet head is firmly bonded to the oblong hole, which is often undesirable. Even if it is possible to form the rivet head clean, the seat of the rivet can be too loose in the slot during normal operation or loosen over time, so that the seat of the components is no longer solid and the components have increasing play with each other.

DE 10 2006 012 043 A1 discloses a method of riveting components by thermally deforming a mandrel provided on a first component on a round or slot formed in the second component. By providing a sliding layer, adhesion of the rivet to the second component is prevented, resulting in a movable connection.

EP 1 773 570 B1 discloses riveting an accessory in a plastic container wherein a portion of the container wall is fused and pressed through an opening of the accessory without being detached from the remainder of the molten plastic.

EP 1 972 424 B1 discloses the attachment of a Kunststoffniets to a slot by changing the shape of the Kunststoffniets, for example by means of ultrasonic deformation, at the slot such that an undercut with the slot is formed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention is thus based on the object to provide a component for attaching at least one further component by means of a rivet mandrel present on the further component, an arrangement of two such components and a riveting method, by which a load of the rivet connection is reduced in case of overload by an escape of the Rivet is made possible, but at the same time inhibited penetration of rivet material during the formation of the rivet head by hot riveting in a passage opening for the rivet mandrel and also a reliable fit of the other component with respect to the component in normal operation is possible.

The object is solved by the features of independent claims 1, 13 and 14. Advantageous developments and preferred embodiments form the subject of the dependent claims.

An aspect of the invention is a component, in particular carrier part, for attaching at least one further component, in particular trim part, by riveting, in particular hot riveting, by means of at least one rivet mandrel formed on the further component, wherein the rivet mandrel, when passing through a passage opening, which is formed in the component, is guided and is formed and a protruding end of the rivet mandrel is deformed or, a rivet head is formed. According to the invention, the lead-through opening is formed in a weakened region of the component, wherein the weakened region has a lower breaking load than the adjacent region of the component and a lower breaking load than the formed rivet. Due to the weakening range of the rivet can be avoided in case of overload in the region of the weakening. At the same time an open slot is avoided, so that penetration of the molten material of the rivet mandrel is inhibited during riveting. Under normal load, the through hole can give the rivet a reliable hold.

If the weakened region on a side facing away from the further component has a surface which is flush with a surface adjacent to the weakened area of the component, the rivet head of the formed rivet can also be supported on the adjacent surface of the component, ie in a region of the component that is not weakened. This can give the riveting tool a reliable resistance and can also provide a stable riveted joint.

In embodiments, the weakened region has a groove, which is formed in a surface of the component facing the further component, wherein the through-opening is formed in a groove bottom of the groove.

In this case, a remaining material thickness of the component at the groove base is preferably about 5 to 15%, preferably about 7 to 13%, in particular about 10% of the material thickness of the component in the area adjacent to the weakened area. These strength ratios can also ensure a sufficient resistance for the riveting tool, a sufficient hold under normal load and a sufficient weakening in case of overload. These values can be modified depending on the material selection or material pairing of component and further component.

Specifically, a remaining material thickness at the bottom of the groove is preferably about 0.2 to 0.5 mm, preferably about 0.25 to 0.35 mm. It goes without saying that these sizes are also scalable depending on the component thickness and the material.

In embodiments, the groove bottom has a slot in a longitudinal direction of the weakened area, wherein a width of the slot is smaller than an outside diameter of the mandrel. The slit may serve as a passage opening and may have a width which is smaller than an outer diameter of the rivet mandrel. With a suitable choice of material and dimensioning, the groove base folds away when the rivet mandrel is inserted. By the elongated slotting a distortion compensation can be effected such that manufacturing tolerances can be compensated or can be kept less narrow, since the insertion point of the rivet mandrel does not need to be set as accurate.

In embodiments, the weakened area is at least partially perforated. As a perforation comes, for example, a variety of small through holes into consideration, which penetrate and weaken the component.

In embodiments, the weakened region has a slot filled with a foamy and / or porous material. Even a foam can allow evasion of the rivet in case of overload. Instead of a slot, the foam can also be formed directly in regions during the manufacture of the component.

The weakened area may have a width equal to or greater than an outside diameter of the rivet mandrel, and preferably smaller than an outside diameter of the formed rivet head.

The weakened region may also have a width that is configured to taper in a longitudinal direction of the weakened region so as to allow a braking effect when the rivet is deflected under overload.

The weakened region may further have a curved shape in a plane with a normal vector that is substantially parallel to a direction of feedthrough of the rivet mandrel through the feedthrough opening. This allows guidance of the rivet along any path.

The rivet mandrel may have an open-ended cavity, wherein the rivet head is formed by means of a tool projecting at least partially into the cavity. Thus, for example, a centering of the tool or a heating of the mandrel can be made possible from the inside.

Another aspect is an arrangement of the above-described component and the further component, wherein the further component is made of a thermoplastic material.

Another aspect is a method for riveting, in particular by means of hot riveting, a component with at least one further component, wherein a rivet mandrel, which is formed on the further component, by a feedthrough opening which is formed in the component, and a projecting end of the rivet mandrel is deformed to form a rivet head. According to the invention, the lead-through opening is formed in a weakened region of the component and / or the weakened region is designed such that it has a lower breaking load than the adjacent region of the component and a lower breaking load than the formed rivet. The weakened area may be generated before, during or after forming the feedthrough opening.

• - das überstehende Ende des Nietdorns wenigstens teilweise aufgeschmolzen wird,
• - das aufgeschmolzene Ende gegen die Oberfläche des Schwächungsbereichs gestaucht wird, und
• - das aufgeschmolzene Ende anschließend erstarren gelassen wird.

In embodiments, the rivet head of the further component is formed by thermal deformation, wherein

• - the protruding end of the rivet mandrel is at least partially melted,
• - The molten end is compressed against the surface of the weakened area, and
• - The molten end is then allowed to solidify.

In the method, the above-described component or the arrangement described above is preferably formed or used from the component and the further component in order to rivet the component to the further component.

list of figures

• 1 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils und eines weiteren Bauteils in einem positionierten Zustand vor einer Verbindung nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 2 eine Schnittansicht entlang einer Linie II-II in Blickrichtung zugehöriger Pfeile in 1;
• 3 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils und eines weiteren Bauteils im verbundenen Zustand nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 4 eine Draufsicht in Richtung eines Pfeils IV in 3;
• 5 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils und eines weiteren Bauteils im verbundenen Zustand nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 6 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils und eines weiteren Bauteils im verbundenen Zustand nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 7A bis 7E Ausführungsvarianten eines Bauteils zur Anbringung eines weiteren Bauteils mit Nietdorn in geschnittener Untersicht;
• 8A und 8B Querschnittsansichten eines Bauteils und eines weiteren Bauteils in einem positionierten Zustand bzw. im verbundenen Zustand;
• 9 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils zur Anbringung eines weiteren Bauteils mit Nietdorn nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 10 eine Draufsicht in Richtung eines Pfeils XI in 9;
• 11 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils zur Anbringung eines weiteren Bauteils mit Nietdorn nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung; und
• 12 eine Querschnittsansicht eines Bauteils zur Anbringung eines weiteren Bauteils mit Nietdorn nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows or show:

• 1 a cross-sectional view of a component and another component in a positioned state before a connection according to an embodiment of the invention;
• 2 a sectional view along a line II - II in the direction of associated arrows in 1 ;
• 3 a cross-sectional view of a component and another component in the connected state according to another embodiment of the invention;
• 4 a plan view in the direction of an arrow IV in 3 ;
• 5 a cross-sectional view of a component and another component in the connected state according to another embodiment of the invention;
• 6 a cross-sectional view of a component and another component in the connected state according to another embodiment of the invention;
• 7A to 7E Variants of a component for attachment of another component with rivet mandrel in a cut bottom view;
• 8A and 8B Cross-sectional views of a component and another component in a positioned state or in the connected state;
• 9 a cross-sectional view of a component for attachment of another component with rivet mandrel according to another embodiment of the invention;
• 10 a plan view in the direction of an arrow XI in 9 ;
• 11 a cross-sectional view of a component for attachment of another component with rivet mandrel according to another embodiment of the invention; and
• 12 a cross-sectional view of a component for attachment of another component with rivet mandrel according to another embodiment of the invention.

The figures are intended to illustrate the features essential to the invention and therefore shown purely schematically and possibly not to scale and / or exaggerated in one direction with respect to another direction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings.

A component 1 For example, is a support member and is for attachment of another component 2 , which is for example a trim or trim part prepared. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the component 1 and the other component 2 in a positioned state before a connection of the components according to an embodiment of the invention, and 2 shows a sectional view of the component 1 with positioned rivet mandrel 10 from below along a line II - II in 1 in the direction of associated arrows.

For joining by means of hot riveting (also called welding rivets or welding) carries the other component 2 a rivet thorn 10 when assembling in the direction of the component 1 points, and the component 1 has a passage opening 11 for performing the rivet mandrel 10 on. The rivet thorn 10 has a cavity at its distal end 12 on, which is intended for receiving or centering a melting and / or molding tool. The cavity 12 is optional; For example, it can center the tool and / or shape the rivet head 30 mediate a depth stop or heating of the rivet mandrel 10 allow from the inside.

The lead-through opening 11 is within a weakening range 13 of the component 1 educated. The weakening area 13 can be embodied in a variety of ways, as will be illustrated below with reference to this and several other embodiments. Also the implementation opening 11 can be designed in many ways.

In this embodiment, the weakening range is 13 as an oblong depression or groove 14 formed on the other component 2 facing side in the surface of the component 1 is trained. On the part of the component 2 opposite side, ie on the side on which the Mandrel 10 through the component 1 protrudes when the other component 2 is positioned for connection, a certain component strength is maintained, which also serves as a membrane 15 referred to as. The membrane 15 has a surface 16 on that with the surface in the adjacent area of the component 1 is flush. The lead-through opening 11 is formed in this embodiment as a through hole with a circular or substantially circular cross-section.

The rivet thorn 10 has an outer diameter there and in the area of the cavity 12 an inner diameter di on. The diameters there and di may be averages as both the outer surface of the mandrel 10 as well as the inner surface of the cavity 12 can be conical. The component 1 has a component strength T on. The weakening area 13 has a length L and a width W on. The length L is greater than the width W , The membrane 15 has a strength t on. The lead-through opening 11 has a diameter D on, equal to or less than the width W of the weakening area 13 and greater than or equal to the outside diameter there of the rivet thorn 10 is.

In the automotive sector, in which the component 1 for example, is a support member and the other component 2 For example, a trim or trim part, are component strengths T from about 2.3 to 3.5 mm usual. However, this is purely exemplary and does not limit the invention in any way. The strenght t the membrane 15 is limited on the lower side by the manufacturability of the membrane 15 in the tool as well as the temperature stability of the carrier material (component 1 ) compared to the melting range of the trim part (further component 2 ). An upper limit may follow, for example, the condition that the rivet should move in case of overload, the diaphragm 15 then give way. From these conditions, suitable wall thicknesses will result for each application, depending on the material pairing and dimension of the workpieces.

For connecting the component 1 and the other component 2 becomes the rivet thorn 10 through the duct opening 11 plugged in and the distal end of the rivet mandrel 10 by a tool - possibly with melting - compressed and shaped. The so connected component 1 and another component 2 form a solid arrangement. In 3 are the component 1 and the other component 2 shown in the connected state. 4 shows the same arrangement in a plan view in the direction of an arrow IV in 3 , It is noted that 3 the composite in the longitudinal direction of the weakened area 13 cut, ie in section along a line III - III in the direction of associated arrows in 4 shows.

After performing the connection process described above, the mandrel has in the region of the passage opening (in 3 not shown) to a rivet shank 31 widened and now fills the entire width of the weakened area, while on the surface 16 of the component 1 a rivet head 30 has trained. The extent of the expansion of the rivet mandrel depends on the circumstances and may also be lower.

As in 1 shown, shows the membrane 15 a strength t on. The membrane thickness t is sized so that the membrane 15 remains in the connection process, in case of overload of the connection, for example, in an impact, but gives way, so the rivet shank 31 with partial destruction of the membrane 15 in the longitudinal direction of the groove 14 can dodge. In other words, the area of weakness 13 has a lower breaking load than the adjacent area of the component 1 on. In addition, the weakening area indicates 13 a lower breaking load than the trained rivet (mandrel 31 , Rivet head 30 ) on. Therefore, a residual strength of the compound can be obtained even under overload and yield of the compound. Thus, the weakening range works 13 in case of overload like a slot, but offers a tighter fit under normal load and also prevents the riveting / joining process, a flow of the material of the rivet mandrel 10 into the opening 11 ,

5 shows in a cross-sectional view accordingly 3 the connection state of the component 1 and the other component 2 in an embodiment in which the rivet mandrel does not have a cavity 12 (in 3 ) having.

6 shows in a cross-sectional view accordingly 3 the connection state of the component 1 and the other component 2 in an embodiment in which the rivet shank 31 after the connection process the groove 14 does not fill in full width (also for a mandrel having no cavity). That is, also in the width direction of the groove 14 remains below the rivet head 30 a piece of the membrane 15 ,

7A to 7E show in respective sub-views that the view in 2 correspond, embodiments of the component 1 for attaching at least one further component 2 , In all cases, the attenuation range 13 as a groove 14 with membrane 15 educated.

In the embodiment according to 7A corresponds to the diameter D the passage opening 11 essentially the width W as a groove 14 and is slightly larger than the outer diameter there of the rivet thorn 10 , The passage opening 11 is seen approximately in the middle in the longitudinal direction of the groove 14 educated. In case of overload, the rivet shank can 31 in both directions along the groove 14 dodge.

In the embodiment according to 7B is the groove 14 conical, ie formed with continuously reduced width. The passage opening 11 is at the wide end of the groove 14 educated. In case of overload, the rivet shank can 31 towards the narrower end of the groove 14 dodge. Thus, the side walls of the tapered groove act 14 as a comparatively soft brake for the rivet shank 31 ,

In the embodiment according to 7C is the implementation opening 11 as a slot in the longitudinal direction of the groove 14 educated. The membrane 15 is designed so yielding that the rivet mandrel 10 piercing the edges of the membrane 15 bulges or folds away, as exemplified in 8A shown. When joining the forming rivet head upsets 30 the edges of the membrane 15 back again, which at the transition point between rivet head 30 and riveting 31 even the material of the rivet mandrel 11 can be encircled and thus can be enclosed by the finished rivet, as exemplified in 8B shown. 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views accordingly 6 , Through this slotting and a delay compensation is made, the positioning of the rivet mandrel 10 allowed with large tolerances.

In the embodiment according to 7D , which is a development of the variant of 7C is, is the implementation opening 11 as a slot in the longitudinal direction of the groove 14 with two relief slots 11 ' , which extend transversely end formed. In this variant, the one described above and in 8A . 8B shown flap effect further improved.

In the embodiment according to 7E , which is a development of the variant of 7C is, points the duct opening 11 acting as a slot in the longitudinal direction of the groove 14 is formed, a curvature along a curvature line 70 so that in case of overload the rivet shaft 31 the curvature line 70 can follow.

9 is a cross-sectional view of a component 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention, and 11 is a plan view in the direction of an arrow XI in 10 , In this embodiment, the weakening range is 13 designed such that a perforation in the form of a plurality of small through holes 100 is provided in the component.

As in 11 as a further development of the embodiment of 9 and 10 in a cross-sectional view accordingly 9 can also be shown in the case of perforation 100 in addition the groove 14 be provided so that the perforation 100 in the of the groove 14 stand left membrane 15 is trained.

In a further embodiment, the in 12 in a cross-sectional view accordingly 9 is shown, the weakening area 13 a continuous slot 130 on top of that, with a foam 131 is filled. The foam 131 can alternatively also in the manufacturing process of the component 1 by an appropriate process management in one operation in one piece with the component 1 getting produced. Alternatively to the foam 131 It is also possible to use a porous or otherwise yielding material.

In the above embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures with several variants and options. It goes without saying that the exemplary embodiments and variants or options described above can all be combined with one another, as long as it is not obvious that it is forbidden by itself.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Component (carrier part)

2

Further component (trim part)

11

Feedthrough opening (through hole or slot)

10

Mandrel

12

cavity

13

weakening region

14

Recess (slot or groove)

15

membrane

16

surface

30

rivet head

31

rivet

70

line of curvature

100

perforation

130

Long hole

131

filling

there

Outer diameter rivet mandrel

di

Inner diameter rivet mandrel

t

Wall thickness membrane

D

Diameter passage opening

L

Length weakening range

T

Wall thickness component

W

Wide attenuation range

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006012043 A1 [0004]
• EP 1773570 B1 [0005]
• EP 1972424 B1 [0006]

Claims (16)

Component (1), in particular carrier part, for attaching at least one further component (2), in particular cladding part, by riveting, in particular hot riveting, by means of at least one rivet mandrel (10) formed on the further component (2) on the component ( 1), wherein the rivet mandrel (10), when guided through a feedthrough opening (11) formed in the component (1) and a protruding end of the rivet mandrel (10) is deformed, forms a rivet head (30), characterized in that the passage opening (11) in a weakening region (13) of the component (1) is formed, wherein the weakened region (13) has a lower breaking load than the adjacent region of the component (1) and a lower breaking load than the formed rivet , Component (1) after Claim 1 wherein the weakening region (13) on a side remote from the further component (2) has a surface (16) which is in alignment with a surface of the component (1) adjoining the weakened region (13). Component (1) after Claim 1 or 2 wherein the weakening region (13) has a groove (14) which is formed in a surface of the component (1) facing the further component (2), wherein the through-opening (11) is formed in a groove bottom of the groove (14) , Component (1) after Claim 3 , wherein a remaining material thickness of the component (1) at the groove base about 5 to 15%, preferably about 7 to 13%, in particular about 10% of the material thickness of the component (1) in the weakening region (13) adjacent area. Component (1) after Claim 3 or 4 , wherein a remaining material thickness at the bottom of the groove is about 0.2 to 0.5 mm, preferably about 0.25 to 0.35 mm. Component (1) according to one of Claims 3 to 5 wherein the groove bottom has a slot in a longitudinal direction of the weakened area (13), wherein a width of the slot is smaller than an outside diameter of the mandrel (10). Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the weakened region (13) is at least partially perforated. Component (1) after Claim 1 or 2 wherein the weakened area (13) has a slot (130) filled with a foamy and / or porous material (131). A component (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the weakened region (13) has a width (W) equal to or greater than an outside diameter (da) of the rivet mandrel (10), and preferably smaller than an outside diameter of the formed rivet head. A member (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the weakened portion (13) has a width (W) formed to be tapered in one of the longitudinal direction of the weakened portion (13). Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the weakened region (13) has a curved shape in a plane with a normal vector, which is substantially parallel to a direction of feedthrough of the mandrel (10) through the passage opening (11). Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rivet mandrel (10) has an open-ended cavity (12), wherein the rivet head (30) by means of a cavity in the (12) projecting tool is formed. Arrangement of the component (1) according to one of the preceding claims and the further component (2), wherein the further component (2) is made of a thermoplastic material. Method for riveting, in particular by means of hot riveting, a component (1) with at least one further component (2), wherein a rivet mandrel (10) which is formed on the further component (2), through a passage opening (11) in the Component (1) is formed, is guided and a protruding end of the mandrel (10) is deformed to form a rivet head, characterized in that the passage opening (11) in a weakened region (13) of the component (1) is formed and the Weakening region (13) is formed such that it has a lower breaking load than the adjacent region of the component (1) and a lower breaking load than the formed rivet. Method according to the Claim 14 wherein the rivet head of the further component (2) is formed by thermal deformation, wherein the protruding end of the rivet mandrel (10) is at least partially melted, the molten end is compressed against the surface of the weakened region (13), and then solidify the molten end is left. Method according to Claim 14 or Claim 15 , wherein the component (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 13 or the arrangement of the component (1) and the further component (2) according to the claim 13 is formed to rivet the component (1) with the other component (2).

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