DE102017117880B4 - Trimming device for manual and electrical spring trimming of a flying object - Google Patents

Abstract

Trimming device (1) for manual and electrical spring trimming of a flying object with a linear guide (2) and an adjusting device (3) which is linearly displaceable on the linear guide (2), wherein the adjusting device (3) by means of an operating lever (4) for manual Moving the adjusting device (3) along the linear guide (2) is formed and has a connection (5) for attaching the aircraft-side trim springs, so that by a linear displacement of the adjusting device (3), the biasing force of the trim springs for trimming the flying object is adjustable, characterized characterized in that the trimming device (1) has an electrically controllable adjusting drive (6) for electrically displacing the adjusting device (3) along the linear guide (2), which has an electrically controllable rotary motor (7) and a helical gear connected thereto, which has a by the rotary motor (7) rotatable threaded spindle (8) and an an d the adjusting device (3) by means of the operating lever (4) can be brought into a first position in which the mating thread (9) with the threaded spindle (8) is engaged so that by a rotational movement of the motor (7) a linear displacement of the adjusting device (3) is effected, and wherein the adjusting device (3) can be brought into a second position in which the counter-thread (9) with the threaded spindle (8) is not engaged ,

Description

The invention relates to a trim device for manual and electrical spring trim of a flying object, in which by means of trim springs, which are in operative connection with the control of the flying object, a spring trimming can be performed.

Under a trim in aviation while maintaining a desired attitude is understood without manual or automatic control inputs to maintain this attitude are necessary. If the aircraft is trimmed, it requires no control inputs by the pilot or the autopilot, in order to maintain the set attitude. The aerodynamic control surfaces such as elevators, rudder and ailerons are aligned so that they cause the maintenance of the current attitude in conjunction with the present aerodynamic flight situation.

Since the aerodynamic boundary conditions may change during the flight, it must be possible for the pilot to change the trim during the flight so as to adjust the trim of the aircraft to the changed aerodynamic situation and thus to trim the aircraft with respect to the changed aerodynamic situation , This makes it necessary to perform appropriate inputs to the trim device, for example, in modern commercial aircraft for this purpose a trim wheel is operated, which adjusts the trim accordingly.

For smaller flying objects, such as gliders, the trim is done by means of a spring trim, in which two springs are guided by the control linkage of the manual control system to a trimming device which is designed so that it can adjust the biasing force of the two springs accordingly. Here, the trim takes place directly on the control system of the flying object and thus effected by a corresponding biasing force a corresponding control position of the control input members for the purpose of trim.

Such a trim device or spring trimming in this case has an operating lever or an actuating lever, with which the biasing force is manually adjustable. To do this, the pilot must use the operating lever to adjust the preload force of the two springs so that the flying object is appropriately trimmed.

However, there are currently no known Federtrimmern that have a large trim setting in addition to a manual trim setting and an electrical trim setting, so as to adjust the biasing force by means of an electrical device can.

From the DE 12 28 936 A is a trimmer for aircraft known in the trim means using the so-called trim tabs can be adjusted. The trim device is designed so that it can be operated either manually or by an auxiliary force, with the help of a hydraulic motor, the timing chain can be controlled to operate the trim tabs.

The US 6 325 331 B1 discloses an actuator for setting mechanical controls in aircraft controls. The actuation can be triggered automatically by an on-board system, semi-automatic or manual by the pilot. The actuating device comprises a stepping motor which can be electrically controlled in such a targeted manner that no additional mechanical brake or clutch is required to change a triggering state. In a manual operation where the pilot acts directly on the controls mechanically, the stepper motor rotates freely.

The US 5 522 568 A describes an automatic trim control with a position lever which is connected via a linkage with trim springs of an aircraft. In order to reduce the force to be exerted by the pilot to change the position of the lever, sensors on the lever measure the actuating force acting thereon and control actuators on the trim springs so as to minimize the required actuating force.

From the US Pat. No. 3,143,925 a trimming device with a servo circuit is known. In case of energy loss, the current trim position is maintained by spring assist instead of returning to a home position.

The US 4,477,043 discloses an aircraft controller with signal processing that detects and damps unwanted movements, such as those caused by aircraft vibrations, at a position lever of the aircraft. For this purpose, the control comprises a processor-based system with a suitable algorithm and a spring and a damper with adjustable spring and damping properties.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved trim device for a spring trimming, in addition to a manual operation of the trimming device is also possible to operate the trimming device electrically.

The object is achieved according to the invention with the trimming device according to claim 1. In accordance with claim 1, a trimming device for manual and electrical spring trimming of a flying object is proposed, wherein the trimming device has a linear guide and an adjusting device arranged linearly displaceably on the linear guide. The adjusting device has an operating lever with which the pilot can manually move the adjusting device along the linear guide. In addition, the adjusting device has a connection for fastening the flight-side trim springs, so that the biasing force of the trim springs for trimming the flying object can be adjusted by a linear displacement of the adjusting device by actuating the operating lever.

According to the invention, it is now provided that the trimming device has an electrically controllable adjusting drive for electrically displacing the adjusting device along the linear guide, wherein the adjusting drive has an electrically controllable rotary motor, for example a gear motor, and a helical gear connected therewith. The helical gear in this case has a threaded spindle rotatably connected to the rotary motor, which, if necessary, can be brought into engagement with a mating thread arranged rotatably against the threaded spindle in order to carry out both manual trimming and electrical trimming with one and the same trimming device to be able to.

For this purpose, the adjusting device is designed so that it can be brought by means of the operating lever in a first position in which the mating thread with the threaded spindle is engaged so that rotated by a rotational movement of the motor, the threaded spindle and so a linear displacement of the adjusting is effected. In addition, the adjusting device is designed so that by means of the operating lever, the adjusting device can be brought into a second position in which the mating thread is not engaged with the threaded spindle, so that even by a rotation of the motor and an associated rotation of the threaded spindle no linear displacement the adjustment is effected. Rather, in the second position, the adjustment device is designed to be manually displaceable (ie manually by the pilot) by means of the operating lever along the linear guide, so that in the second position of the operating lever the pilot can manually perform the trim while in the first position Position of the operating lever, the trim with respect to a linear displacement locked by the mating mating thread with the threaded spindle and possibly electrically operated, so as to operate the trimming device electrically or to operate.

This makes it possible to provide a trimming device for spring trimming, which is both manually and electrically operable, wherein the pilot can switch between a manual and an electrical operation, if necessary, by operating the operating lever, whereby the operation of the trimming device very simple and intuitive and also very robust. In addition, such a trimming device for Federtrimmungen without great difficulty in the competent aviation authorities allow, as both a manual and an electric actuation of the trimming device by a mechanical switching on the operating lever is possible.

This ensures that the electric trimming device can be changed immediately and at any time into a manual trimming device even if the power supply or emergency shutdown fails and can then be used as a manual trimming device, whereby switching over from the electrical mode to the manual mode works purely mechanically and not electronically ,

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the mating thread is a part of a threaded nut which surrounds the threaded spindle only partially (half threaded nut), so that the non-rotatable counter-thread at any time from the engagement of the threaded spindle and releasably engageable with the threaded spindle can be brought.

In this case, the mating thread is advantageously arranged on the adjusting device so that when switching the operating lever from the first position to the second position, the mating thread with respect to the threaded spindle is moved radially away from this, whereby the engagement of the counter-thread in the threaded spindle, which also has a thread has dissolved. If the operating lever is brought back from the second position to the first position, the counter-thread arranged on the adjusting device moves radially in the direction of the threaded spindle with respect to the threaded spindle until the counter-thread again engages with the thread of the threaded spindle.

The threaded spindle is preferably a trapezoidal threaded rod.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the adjusting device is arranged transversely to the linear displacement direction tilting on the linear guide, wherein upon actuation of the operating lever in a first tilting direction, the adjusting device can be brought from the first position to the second position, while pressing the operating lever in a second tilting direction Adjustment of the second position in the first position can be brought. The linear guide thus forms in this embodiment an axis of rotation about which the adjusting device is mounted rotatably or tiltably. By turning or tilting the adjustment of the operating lever is selectively placed in the first position or the second position, wherein during tilting the arranged on the adjusting mating thread performs a translational movement, which either causes the mating thread with the threaded spindle into engagement is brought or that the mating thread is moved away from the threaded spindle and thus brought out of engagement of the threaded spindle.

With this trimming device, stepless trimming is possible both manually and electrically, whereby the pilot can manually switch between a manual mode of operation and the electrical mode of operation using the operating lever.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the adjusting device on a pressing device with which a force is exerted on the mating thread in the direction of the threaded spindle, so as to press the threaded spindle in the first position of the operating lever on the threaded spindle. In this way it can be prevented, in particular in the case of a rapid adjustment, i. at high engine speeds of the adjustment drive the mating thread does not accidentally spit. The spring force is adjusted so that it can be overridden by the pilot at any time to bring the operating lever from the first position to the second position and to switch from the electrical mode of operation in the manual mode. However, the force that is exerted on the mating thread in the direction of the threaded spindle, however, must be so strong that the mating thread is securely engaged in an electrical operation with the threaded spindle.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the linear guide is limited by two opposite end stops, wherein the adjusting device can be moved manually on the linear guide along the first end stop to the second end stop and back. However, in order to prevent damage to the motor in an electrical operation, a Ausspurvorrichtung are provided in the region of the end stops, which cooperates with the adjustment such that upon reaching the end stops by the adjusting the counter thread is brought out of engagement of the threaded spindle. This can be done, for example, by providing track guides running obliquely to the linear guide in the area of the end stops, which exert a force on the adjusting device during a linear displacement along the linear guide, which force causes the counter-thread to be pressed in the direction away from the threaded spindle , As a result, the mating thread is automatically ejected when reaching the end stops from its linear guide, which prevents the engine presses the adjusting device at the respective end stop with its rotational force.

The task is also solved by the way with the glider with such a trimming device.

• 1 - Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Trimmvorrichtung;
• 2 - Darstellung der Verstelleinrichtung der Trimmvorrichtung.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the attached figures. Show it:

• 1 - Presentation of the trimming device according to the invention;
• 2 - Representation of the adjustment of the trimming device.

1 shows the trim device 1 that is a linear guide 2 and one on the linear guide 2 linearly displaceable adjusting device 3 Has. The linear guide 2 is in the embodiment of 1 as a rod and thus cylindrical, so that the adjustment 3 using the control lever 4 on the linear guide rod 2 is linearly displaceable.

At the upper end of the adjustment 3 is thus an operating lever 4 (or operating lever) provided with the pilot, the adjustment 3 linear along the linear guide 2 can move. In addition, at the adjustment 3 opposite the control lever 4 a connection 5 provided on which the aircraft-side trim springs are arranged, so that by a linear displacement of the adjustment 3 the preload force on the port 5 fixed trim springs for trimming the flying object is adjustable.

Furthermore, the trim device 1 an electrically controllable adjusting drive 6 on, for electrical displacement of the adjustment 3 along the linear guide 2 is provided. The adjustment drive 6 has for this purpose an electrically controllable rotary motor 7 on, which may be a geared motor, for example. Furthermore, a helical gear is provided, which is a threaded spindle 8th in the form of a trapezoidal threaded rod and on the adjusting device 3 arranged mating thread 9 Has. In the embodiment of 1 stands the counter thread 9 engaged with the threaded spindle 8th , so that the electrical operation is shown here. 1 thus shows the trim device 1 such that the operating lever 4 in the first position.

The adjusting device 3 is doing in 2 explained in more detail, the following Versions also with a view of the 1 to be considered. Consequently, the adjusting device 3 first a linear guide bearing 10 on, with the adjusting device 3 on the linear guide 2 is mounted linearly displaceable. For this are in particular sockets 11 for storage on the linear guide 2 provided by using these circular bushings 11 and the circular linear guide rod 2 also causes the adjustment 3 not only linearly displaceable along the linear guide 2 is formed, but also with respect to the linear guide 2 can be tilted, in which case the linear guide 2 represents the rotation axis for tilting.

At this linear guide bearing 10 now closes in the direction opposite to the operating lever 4 an adjustment arm 12 at, at the lower end of the connections 5 are provided for the aircraft-side trim springs. Between the linear guide bearing 10 and the connection 5 for the aircraft-side trim springs is the mating thread 9 at the adjusting device 3 provided, which is designed in the form of a half threaded nut. The counterpart to the half nut is thereby by a sliding block 13 formed with a Teflon coating, although on the threaded spindle 8th abuts, but has no mating thread and thus not with the thread of the threaded spindle 8th engaged. The sliding block 13 can for example consist of a Teflon coating.

The sliding block 13 and the mating thread 9 are together in a pressing device 14 arranged, with the help of a pressure spring, not shown, the counter thread 9 in the direction of the threaded rod 8th is pressed.

Will the operating lever 4 now in the direction of the marked tilt direction K operated, so the linear guide bearing rotates 10 around the axis of rotation of the linear guide rod 2 , which due to the lever principle of the adjustment 12 from the threaded spindle 8th is pushed away or moved away and the mating thread 9 thus out of engagement of the threaded spindle 8th is brought. At the end is then the operating lever 4 in its second position, in which the mating thread 9 not with the threaded spindle 8th engaged.

linear guide 2 and the threaded spindle 8th are in a cage 15 which causes a fixed relative reference arrangement of the two elements. The linear guide 2 and the threaded spindle 8th are preferably provided coaxially and therefore have the same direction or the axial orientation.

The cage 15 causes in each case a first and a second end stop 16 and 17 on that the linear displacement of the adjustment 3 each limit.

In the area of the end stops 16 and 17 is a guide plate 18 provided for clarity in the 1 only for the end stop 16 is shown. For the final stop 17 is also a guide plate 18 provided, which is designed so that it is at a linear displacement of the adjustment 3 with the adjustment arm 12 the adjustment 3 so cooperates that the adjustment arm 12 is spitted out and thus the mating thread 9 from the threaded spindle 8th is pushed away. This prevents the adjustment 3 through the engine 7 to the respective end stop 16 or 17 approached and pressed there.

The guide plate 18 has in particular in the field of end stops 16 and 17 constructively such dimensions that it is with the adjustment 12 only then comes into contact and this of the threaded spindle 8th pushes away when the operating lever 4 located in the first position. Is the operating lever 4 in the second position, ie the trimming device 1 is in the manual version, so is the adjustment arm 12 per se already from the threaded spindle 8th pushed away, so that then the adjustment 3 easily to the end stops 16 and 17 can be moved without the adjustment 12 then with the guide plate 18 contacted.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

trimming device

2 -

Linear guide / linear guide rod

3 -

adjustment

4 -

operating lever

5 -

Connection for trim springs

6 -

adjustment

7 -

Engine / rotary motor

8th -

Screw / threaded rod

9 -

mating thread

10 -

Linear guide bearing

11 -

sockets

12 -

adjusting arm

13 -

sliding block

14 -

pressing device

15 -

Cage

16 -

first end stop

17 -

second end stop

18 -

guide plate

K -

tilt direction

Claims (7)

Trimming device (1) for manual and electrical spring trimming of a flying object with a linear guide (2) and an adjusting device (3) which is linearly displaceable on the linear guide (2), wherein the adjusting device (3) by means of an operating lever (4) for manual Moving the adjusting device (3) along the linear guide (2) is formed and a connection (5) for securing the aircraft-side trim springs, so that by a linear displacement of the adjusting device (3), the biasing force of the trim springs for trimming the flying object is adjustable, characterized characterized in that the trimming device (1) has an electrically controllable adjusting drive (6) for electrically displacing the adjusting device (3) along the linear guide (2), which has an electrically controllable rotary motor (7) and a helical gear connected thereto, which has a by the rotary motor (7) rotatable threaded spindle (8) and an the adjusting device (3) rotationally fixed counter-thread (9), wherein the adjusting device (3) by means of the operating lever (4) can be brought into a first position in which the counter-thread (9) with the threaded spindle (8) is engaged, that by a rotational movement of the motor (7) a linear displacement of the adjusting device (3) is effected, and wherein the adjusting device (3) can be brought into a second position in which the counter-thread (9) with the threaded spindle (8) is not engaged , Trim device (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the mating thread (9) is a part of a threaded nut, which surrounds the threaded spindle (8) only partially. Trim device (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the adjusting device (3) is arranged transversely to the linear displacement direction tiltable on the linear guide (2), wherein upon actuation of the operating lever (4) in a first tilting direction the adjusting device (3) from the first position to the second position can be brought is and the mating thread (9) on the adjusting device (3) is provided such that thereby the engagement of the counter-thread (9) in the threaded spindle (8) is released, and upon actuation of the operating lever (4) in a second tilting direction the adjusting device ( 3) can be brought from the second position to the first position, so that in this case the counter-thread (9) with the threaded spindle (8) is brought into engagement. Trimming device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (3) has a contact pressure device (14) with which a force is exerted on the mating thread (9) in the direction of the threaded spindle (8). Trimming device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the linear guide (2) by two opposite end stops (16, 17) is limited, wherein in the region of the end stops (16, 17) each have a Ausspurvorrichtung (18) is that cooperates with the adjusting device (3) such that upon reaching the end stops (16, 17), the counter-thread (9) is brought out of engagement of the threaded spindle (8). Trim device (1) after Claim 5 , characterized in that the Ausspurvorrichtung (18) has a tracking, which in the region of the end stops (16, 17) exerts a force on the adjusting device (3) in a linear displacement such that the mating thread (9) of the threaded spindle (8 ) is moved away. Glider with a trimming device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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