DE102017117877A1 - Solar cell and process for producing a solar cell - Google Patents
Solar cell and process for producing a solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- DE102017117877A1 DE102017117877A1 DE102017117877.5A DE102017117877A DE102017117877A1 DE 102017117877 A1 DE102017117877 A1 DE 102017117877A1 DE 102017117877 A DE102017117877 A DE 102017117877A DE 102017117877 A1 DE102017117877 A1 DE 102017117877A1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 55
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- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/028—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
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Abstract
Es wird eine Solarzelle hergestellt, die ein kristallines Siliziumsubstrat eines ersten Leitungstyps 10 mit einer Textur, die auf der Oberfläche bereitgestellt ist, und eine amorphe Siliziumschicht des i-Typs 16, die sich auf der Oberfläche des kristallinen Siliziumsubstrats 10 befindet, aufweist, wobei die Textur einen größeren Krümmungsradius R1 von Basisteilen davon aufweist als ein Krümmungsradius R2 von Peakteilen davon. Das kristalline Siliziumsubstrat 10 weist einen stark dotierten Bereich 10b eines ersten Leitungstyps, der eine Dotiersubstanz eines ersten Leitungstyps enthält, auf dessen Oberfläche auf, und die Dotiersubstanzkonzentration in dem stark dotierten Bereich 10b eines ersten Leitungstyps ist höher als in der Mitte in der Dickenrichtung des kristallinen Siliziumsubstrats 10.A solar cell comprising a crystalline silicon substrate of a first conductivity type 10 having a texture provided on the surface and an i-type amorphous silicon layer 16 located on the surface of the crystalline silicon substrate 10 is fabricated Has a larger radius of curvature R1 of base portions thereof than a radius of curvature R2 of peak portions thereof. The crystalline silicon substrate 10 has a heavily doped region 10b of a first conductivity type containing a dopant of a first conductivity type on the surface thereof, and the dopant concentration in the heavily doped region 10b of a first conductivity type is higher than the center in the thickness direction of the crystalline Silicon substrate 10.
Description
QUERVERWEIS AUF VERWANDTE ANMELDUNGCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
Die gesamte Offenbarung der
TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA
Die vorliegende Offenbarung betrifft eine Solarzelle und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Solarzelle.The present disclosure relates to a solar cell and a method of manufacturing a solar cell.
HINTERGRUNDBACKGROUND
Es sind Solarzellen bekannt, die eine Textur aufweisen, wobei es sich um eine raue bzw. unebene Struktur handelt, die auf deren Oberfläche bereitgestellt ist. Durch Bereitstellen der Textur wird die Reflexion von Licht vermindert und die Stromerzeugungseffizienz kann aufgrund der Verlängerung der optischen Weglänge in der Stromerzeugungsschicht verbessert werden. Zum Vermindern des Lichtreflexionsausmaßes von der Oberfläche der transparenten leitfähigen Schicht ist z. B. ein Verfahren bekannt, in dem eine Siliziumsubstratoberfläche mit einer alkalischen Lösung oder einer sauren Lösung behandelt wird, um dadurch die Textur unter Nutzung der Differenz bei der Nassätzgeschwindigkeit abhängig von der Ebenenrichtung zu bilden.Solar cells are known which have a texture, which is a rough or uneven structure provided on the surface thereof. By providing the texture, the reflection of light is reduced and the power generation efficiency can be improved due to the extension of the optical path length in the power generation layer. For reducing the amount of light reflection from the surface of the transparent conductive layer, e.g. For example, a method is known in which a silicon substrate surface is treated with an alkaline solution or an acidic solution to thereby form the texture by utilizing the difference in wet etching speed depending on the plane direction.
Wie es in der
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Offenbarung ist in dem Fall der Verwendung eines Siliziumsubstrats mit einer Textur die Bereitstellung einer Solarzelle mit einer verbesserten Lebensdauer von Ladungsträgern in der Umgebung der Oberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats und eines Verfahrens zu deren Herstellung.An object of the present disclosure, in the case of using a silicon substrate having a texture, is to provide a solar cell having an improved lifetime of carriers in the vicinity of the surface of the silicon substrate and a method of manufacturing the same.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSUMMARY
Ein Aspekt der vorliegenden Offenbarung ist eine Solarzelle mit einem kristallinen Siliziumsubstrat eines ersten Leitungstyps mit einer Textur, die auf einer Oberfläche davon bereitgestellt ist, und einer amorphen Siliziumschicht, die sich auf der Oberfläche des kristallinen Siliziumsubstrats befindet, wobei die Textur einen größeren Krümmungsradius von Basisteilen davon aufweist als derjenige von Peakteilen davon; wobei das kristalline Siliziumsubstrat einen stark dotierten Bereich eines ersten Leitungstyps mit einer Dotiersubstanz eines ersten Leitungstyps auf der Oberfläche aufweist; und der stark dotierte Bereich eines ersten Leitungstyps eine höhere Dotiersubstanzkonzentration aufweist als diejenige in dem zentralen Bereich in der Dickenrichtung des kristallinen Siliziumsubstrats.One aspect of the present disclosure is a solar cell comprising a crystalline silicon substrate of a first conductivity type having a texture provided on a surface thereof and an amorphous silicon layer located on the surface of the crystalline silicon substrate, the texture having a larger radius of curvature of bases having as that of peak portions thereof; wherein the crystalline silicon substrate has a heavily doped region of a first conductivity type with a dopant of a first conductivity type on the surface; and the heavily doped region of a first conductivity type has a higher dopant concentration than that in the central region in the thickness direction of the crystalline silicon substrate.
Ferner ist ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Offenbarung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Solarzelle, das einen ersten Schritt des Bildens einer Textur auf einer Oberfläche eines kristallinen Siliziumsubstrats eines ersten Leitungstyps; einen zweiten Schritt des Diffundierenlassens einer Dotiersubstanz eines ersten Leitungstyps auf die Oberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats, auf der die Textur ausgebildet ist, so dass die Oberfläche eine höhere Dotiersubstanzkonzentration aufweist als diejenige in dem zentralen Bereich in der Dickenrichtung des Siliziumsubstrats; und einen dritten Schritt des Bildens einer amorphen Siliziumschicht auf der Oberflächenseite des Siliziumsubstrats, auf der die Textur ausgebildet ist, umfasst, wobei in dem ersten Schritt die Textur derart ausgebildet wird, dass Basisteile davon einen größeren Krümmungsradius aufweisen als Peakteile davon.Further, another aspect of the present disclosure is a method of manufacturing a solar cell, comprising a first step of forming a texture on a surface of a crystalline silicon substrate of a first conductivity type; a second step of diffusing a dopant of a first conductivity type onto the surface of the silicon substrate on which the texture is formed so that the surface has a higher dopant concentration than that in the central region in the thickness direction of the silicon substrate; and a third step of forming an amorphous silicon layer on the surface side of the silicon substrate on which the texture is formed, wherein in the first step, the texture is formed such that base portions thereof have a larger radius of curvature than peak portions thereof.
KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Offenbarung werden auf der Basis der folgenden Figuren beschrieben, worin:Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described based on the following figures, wherein:
BESCHREIBUNG VON AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Nachstehend werden Ausführungsformen gemäß der vorliegenden Offenbarung (nachstehend als Ausführungsformen bezeichnet) unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen detailliert beschrieben. In dieser Beschreibung sind spezifische Formen, Materialien, Zahlenwerte, Richtungen und dergleichen Beispiele zum Erleichtern des Verständnisses der vorliegenden Offenbarung und können gemäß Anwendungen, Aufgaben, Spezifikationen und dergleichen zweckmäßig verändert werden. Ferner wird nachstehend in dem Fall des Einbeziehens einer Mehrzahl von Ausführungsformen und modifizierten Beispielen davon ausgegangen, dass charakteristische Teile davon durch deren geeignetes Kombinieren verwendet werden. Ferner sind die Zeichnungen, auf die in der Beschreibung von Ausführungsformen Bezug genommen wird, schematische Darstellungen und Abmessungsverhältnisse und dergleichen von Bestandteilselementen, die in den Zeichnungen angegeben sind, unterscheiden sich in manchen Fällen von denjenigen realer Gegenstände.Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, specific shapes, materials, numerical values, directions, and the like are examples for facilitating the understanding of the present disclosure, and may be appropriately changed according to applications, tasks, specifications, and the like. Further, in the case of including a plurality of embodiments and modified examples, it will be assumed hereinafter that characteristic parts thereof are used by suitably combining them. Further, the drawings referred to in the description of embodiments are schematic representations and dimensional ratios and the like of constituent elements shown in the drawings are sometimes different from those of real objects.
Die
Das Siliziumsubstrat
Die erste amorphe Siliziumschicht des i-Typs
Die erste amorphe Siliziumschicht des i-Typs
Die erste und die zweite amorphe Siliziumschicht des i-Typs
Die Solarzelle
Die Rückseitenkollektorelektrode
Die Solarzelle
Ferner ist auf der Oberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats
Die Texturstruktur kann durch Anwenden eines Säureätzens oder Alkaliätzens zum Ätzen der Oberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats
Beispielsweise wird in dem Fall, bei dem das Siliziumsubstrat
Nach dem Bilden der Textur auf dem Einkristallsiliziumsubstrat können dann, wenn das Siliziumsubstrat ferner einer Behandlung unter Verwendung einer Nitro-Fluorwasserstoffsäure (einer Mischsäure aus Fluorwasserstoffsäure und Salpetersäure) unterzogen wird, Basisteile der Textur abgerundet werden. Durch Abrunden von Spitzenteilen und Basisteilen der Textur kann ein Absplittern der Spitzenteile der Textur und ein Reißen ausgehend von deren Basisteilen der Solarzelle verhindert werden, wenn die Solarzelle Stößen ausgesetzt ist.After forming the texture on the single-crystal silicon substrate, when the silicon substrate is further subjected to treatment using nitro-hydrofluoric acid (a hydrofluoric acid-nitric acid mixed acid), base parts of the texture may be rounded off. By rounding off peak parts and base parts of the texture, chipping of the tip parts of the texture and cracking from their base parts of the solar cell can be prevented when the solar cell is exposed to shocks.
In der vorliegenden Ausführungsform ist, wie es in der vergrößerten Querschnittsansicht von
Wie es in der
Der stark dotierte Bereich
Beispielsweise kann P (Phosphor) auf die Oberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats
Nachstehend wird das Dotierprofil des stark dotierten Bereichs
In der vorliegenden Ausführungsform wird in der rauen Struktur des Siliziumsubstrats
Beispielsweise kann in dem Fall, bei dem die Schichtdicke des stark dotierten Bereichs
Die Beziehung der Schichtdicke des stark dotierten Bereichs
Wie es vorstehend beschrieben worden ist, werden durch Bilden der Basisteile durch die Behandlung nach der Texturbildung, so dass der Krümmungsradius der Basisteile groß wird, und durch Erhöhen der Menge der Dotiersubstanz in dem stark dotierten Bereich
Ferner beträgt die durchschnittliche Dotierkonzentration von P (Phosphor) in dem gering dotierten Bereich
Obwohl die Dotierkonzentration des gering dotierten Bereichs
Die Solarzelle
Wie es in der
In der vorliegenden Ausführungsform wurde ein Beispiel beschrieben, in dem der stark dotierte Bereich
Ferner ist, obwohl die Verwendung der Seite der zweiten Hauptoberfläche, d. h., der Seite der amorphen Siliziumschicht des n-Typs
Ferner können Texturen sowohl auf der Seite der ersten Hauptoberfläche als auch auf der Seite der zweiten Hauptoberfläche bereitgestellt werden, und stark dotierte Bereiche
In der vorstehenden Ausführungsform wurde beschrieben, dass die erste und die zweite amorphe Siliziumschicht des i-Typs
Beispielsweise kann in dem Fall, bei dem eine Schicht auf der Oberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats
Ferner ist es selbstverständlich, dass die Schichtdicke jeder Schicht, welche die Solarzelle
Ferner wurden in der vorliegenden Ausführungsform Beispiele beschrieben, in denen keine Schutzschichten auf den Rekombination-unterdrückenden Schichten auf den Seiten der ersten und der zweiten Hauptoberfläche des Siliziumsubstrats
Wie es vorstehend beschrieben worden ist, ist ein Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Solarzelle mit einem kristallinen Siliziumsubstrat eines ersten Leitungstyps (Siliziumsubstrat
Dabei weist der dotierte Bereich eines ersten Leitungstyps (stark dotierter Bereich
Ferner ist ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Solarzelle, das einen ersten Schritt des Bildens einer Textur auf einer Oberfläche eines kristallinen Siliziumsubstrats eines ersten Leitungstyps (Siliziumsubstrat
Ferner ist der erste Leitungstyp zweckmäßig ein n-Typ und die Dotiersubstanz ist zweckmäßig Phosphor.Furthermore, the first conductivity type is suitably an n-type and the dopant is suitably phosphorus.
Der Anwendungsbereich der vorliegenden Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehende Ausführungsform beschränkt. D. h., die vorliegende Erfindung kann angewandt werden, solange die Solarzelle eine Solarzelle mit einer Struktur ist, in der eine raue Struktur einer Textur auf einer Substratoberfläche ausgebildet ist und eine stark dotierte Schicht auf der Substratoberfläche bereitgestellt ist.The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. That is, the present invention can be applied as long as the solar cell is a solar cell having a structure in which a rough texture of a texture is formed on a substrate surface and a heavily doped layer is provided on the substrate surface.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
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