DE102016221573A1 - battery cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery cell (2), comprising a cell housing (3), in which an electrode unit (10) is arranged, wherein the electrode unit (10) having a negative terminal (11) electrically connected anode (21) and one with a positive terminal (12) electrically connected cathode (22), wherein the cell housing (3) has a first housing part (61), which forms the negative terminal (11), and a second housing part (62), which the positive terminal (12) forms, has. Within the cell casing (3) there is provided a connector unit (50) having a negative connector (51) electrically connected to the anode (21) and the first casing part (61) and a positive connector (52) is electrically connected to the cathode (22) and to the second housing part (62).

Description

The invention relates to a battery cell, which comprises a cell housing, in which an electrode unit is arranged, wherein the electrode unit has an anode electrically connected to a negative terminal and a cathode electrically connected to a positive terminal, and wherein the cell housing, a first housing part which forms a negative terminal, and a second housing part, which forms the positive terminal has.

State of the art

Electrical energy can be stored by means of batteries. Batteries convert chemical reaction energy into electrical energy. Here, a distinction is made between primary batteries and secondary batteries. Primary batteries are only functional once, while secondary batteries, also referred to as accumulators, are rechargeable. In particular, so-called lithium-ion battery cells are used in an accumulator. These are characterized among other things by high energy densities, thermal stability and extremely low self-discharge.

Lithium-ion battery cells have a positive electrode, also referred to as a cathode, and a negative electrode, also referred to as an anode. The cathode and the anode each comprise a current conductor, on which an active material is applied. The electrodes of the battery cell are formed like a foil and, with the interposition of a separator, which separates the anode from the cathode, wound into an electrode coil or stacked to form an electrode stack with a plurality of electrode layers. The electrodes and separator are surrounded by a generally liquid electrolyte.

A battery cell further comprises a cell housing, which consists for example of aluminum. Within the cell housing, the electrode unit is arranged. The cell housing is, for example, prismatic, in particular cuboidal, or circular cylindrical. Other types of cell housing are known.

The two electrodes of the electrode unit are electrically connected to poles of the battery cell, which are also referred to as terminals. The terminals of the battery cell can be attached to the cell housing and electrically isolated from the cell housing. However, it is also conceivable for the cell housing to have a first housing part, which forms the negative terminal, and a second housing part, which forms the positive terminal, wherein the two housing parts are electrically insulated from one another.

From the US 2014/0295239 as well as from the DE 10 2011 076 919 A1 a generic battery cell is known which has an electrode unit which is arranged in a metallic housing. The housing comprises two housing parts, which are electrically isolated from each other by an insulating element. The anode and the cathode of the electrode stack are electrically connected to one of the housing parts. The housing parts thus form the terminals of the battery cell.

Disclosure of the invention

It is proposed a battery cell, in particular a lithium-ion battery cell comprising a cell housing, in which an electrode unit is arranged. In this case, the electrode unit has an anode, which is electrically connected to a negative terminal of the battery cell, and a cathode, which is electrically connected to a positive terminal of the battery cell. The cell housing has a first housing part, which forms the negative terminal, and a second housing part, which forms the positive terminal.

According to the invention, a connector unit is provided within the cell housing, which has a negative connector and a positive connector. The negative connector of the connector unit is electrically connected to the anode and to the first housing part, and the positive connector of the connector unit is electrically connected to the cathode and to the second housing part.

Preferably, the first housing part of the cell housing and the second housing part of the cell housing are made metallic and electrically insulated from each other by a circumferential insulating element. The insulation element can be embodied, for example, in the form of an adhesive which mechanically connects the first housing part and the second housing part to one another.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anode has anode contact lugs, and the cathode has cathode contact lugs, wherein the anode contact lugs and the cathode contact lugs protrude on the same side of the arranged in the cell housing electrode unit.

But it is also conceivable that the anode contact lugs protrude on a side other than the cathode contact lugs from the electrode unit, for example on the opposite side.

Preferably, the anode contact lugs are materially connected to the negative connector of the connector unit. Likewise preferably, the cathode contact lugs are materially connected to the positive connector of the connector unit.

Preferably, the negative connector of the connector unit is integrally connected to the first housing part of the cell housing. Likewise, the positive connector of the connector unit is preferably materially connected to the second housing part of the cell housing.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the connector unit also has a connecting element which is mechanically connected to the negative connector and to the positive connector. The connecting element of the connector unit is preferably arranged centrally between the negative connector and the positive connector. The connecting element is made of an electrically insulating material and thus electrically isolates the negative connector of the connector unit from the positive connector of the connector unit.

According to one possible embodiment of the invention, the negative connector of the connector unit has exactly one negative connection web, which protrudes away from the connecting element of the connector unit. According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the positive connector of the connector unit has exactly one positive connecting web, which protrudes away from the connecting element of the connector unit. In this case, the negative connecting web and the positive connecting web preferably protrude in opposite directions away from the centrally arranged connecting element of the connector unit.

According to a further possible embodiment of the invention, the negative connector of the connector unit has at least two negative connecting webs, which protrude away from the connecting element of the connector unit. According to another possible embodiment of the invention, the positive connector of the connector unit also has at least two positive connecting webs which protrude away from the connecting element of the connector unit. Preferably, the negative terminal lands project in the same direction away from the connector of the connector unit. Preferably, the positive connecting webs also protrude in the same direction away from the connecting element of the connector unit. However, the negative connecting webs protrude in the opposite direction from the centrally arranged connecting element of the connector unit as the positive connecting webs.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the connector unit has a first end element, which is mechanically connected to the negative connector of the connector unit. According to an advantageous development of the invention, the connector unit also has a second end element, which is mechanically connected to the positive connector of the connector unit. The first end element is made of an electrically insulating material and electrically isolates the negative connector of the connector unit of the second housing part. The second end element is also made of an electrically insulating material and electrically isolates the positive connector of the connector unit from the first housing part.

A battery cell according to the invention advantageously finds use in an electric vehicle (EV), in a hybrid vehicle (HEV), in a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV), in a stationary battery, in particular for network stabilization in households, in a battery in a marine application, For example, in shipbuilding or jet skis, or in a battery in an aeronautical application, especially in aircraft. Other applications are conceivable.

Advantages of the invention

By using a suitably designed connector unit, a relatively simple connection of the electrodes to the housing parts designed as terminals of a battery cell according to the invention is made possible. The connectors of the connector unit can be connected in particular by means of welding with the contact lugs of the electrodes and with the housing parts. In particular, the connectors of the connector unit can be welded by laser welding through the housing parts with these after the housing parts are already closed to the cell housing. Thus, the production of the battery cell according to the invention is advantageously simplified. Also, a connection of multiple battery cells with each other is relatively easy.

list of figures

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below.

• 1 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer Batteriezelle,
• 2 eine erste Ausführungsform einer Konnektoreinheit,
• 3 eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Konnektoreinheit,
• 4 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Elektrodeneinheit beim Anschluss einer Konnektoreinheit,
• 5 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Elektrodeneinheit mit angeschlossener Konnektoreinheit und
• 6 eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Konnektoreinheit in einer Batteriezelle.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic sectional view of a battery cell,
• 2 A first embodiment of a connector unit
• 3 A second embodiment of a connector unit,
• 4 a perspective view of an electrode unit when connecting a connector unit,
• 5 a perspective view of an electrode unit with connected connector unit and
• 6 a sectional view through a connector unit in a battery cell.

Embodiments of the invention

In the following description of the embodiments of the invention, the same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, wherein a repeated description of these elements is dispensed with in individual cases. The figures illustrate the subject matter of the invention only schematically.

1 shows a schematic sectional view of a battery cell 2 , The battery cell 2 includes a cell housing 3 , which is carried out electrically conductive. The cell case 3 has a first housing part 61 and a second housing part 62 on, which by a circumferential insulating element 60 are electrically isolated from each other. The housing parts 61 . 62 are made of a metal, such as aluminum. The first housing part 61 forms a negative terminal 11 , and the second housing part 62 forms a positive terminal 12 , About the terminals 11 . 12 can one from the battery cell 2 provided voltage can be tapped. Furthermore, the battery cell 2 over the terminals 11 . 12 also be loaded.

Inside the cell case 3 the battery cell 2 is an electrode unit 10 arranged, which two electrodes, namely an anode 21 and a cathode 22 , having. The present invention is the electrode unit 10 formed as an electrode winding, and the anode 21 and the cathode 22 are each carried out like a film and with the interposition of a separator 18 wound to the electrode coil. It is also conceivable that the electrode unit 10 is formed as an electrode stack, wherein layers of the anode 21 and layers of the cathode 22 with interposition of one layer of the separator 18 stacked on top of each other.

The anode 21 includes an anodic active material 41 , which is designed like a film. The anode 21 further includes a current collector 31 , which is also formed like a film. The anodic active material 41 and the current collector 31 the anode 21 are laid flat against each other and connected to each other. Thus, also the anode 21 formed like a film.

The cathode 22 comprises a cathodic active material 42 , which is designed like a film. The cathode 22 further includes a current collector 32 , which is also formed like a film. The cathodic active material 42 and the current collector 32 the cathode 22 are laid flat against each other and connected to each other. Thus, also the cathode 22 formed like a film.

The current collector 31 the anode 21 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, such as copper. From the current collector 31 the anode 21 protrude Anodenkontaktfahnen 35 path. The anode contact flags 35 of the current conductor 31 the anode 21 are electrically connected to the first housing part 61 of the cell case 3 , and thus with the negative terminal 11 the battery cell 2 connected.

The current collector 32 the cathode 22 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, such as aluminum. From the current collector 32 the cathode 22 protrude cathode contact flags 36 path. The cathode contact flags 36 of the current conductor 32 the cathode 22 are electrically connected to the second housing part 62 of the cell case 3 , and thus with the positive terminal 12 the battery cell 2 connected.

Inside the cell case 3 is also a connector unit 50 provided, which is a negative connector 51 and a positive connector 52 having. The negative connector 51 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, such as copper. The positive connector 52 is also made electrically conductive and made of a metal, such as aluminum.

The negative connector 51 the connector unit 50 is with the anode contact flags 35 of the current conductor 31 the anode 21 and with the first housing part 61 of the cell case 3 electrically connected. Thus, the negative terminal 11 the battery cell 2 by means of the negative connector 51 electrically with the anode 21 connected.

The positive connector 52 the connector unit 50 is with the cathode contact flags 36 of the current conductor 32 the cathode 22 and with the second housing part 62 of the cell case 3 electrically connected. Thus, the positive terminal 12 the battery cell 2 by means of the positive connector 52 electrically with the cathode 22 connected.

2 shows a first embodiment of a connector unit 50 for a battery cell 2 , The connector unit 50 according to the first embodiment comprises a negative connector 51 , a positive connector 52 , a connecting element 58 and a first end element 55 and a second end element 56 ,

The connecting element 58 is with the negative connector 51 and with the positive connector 52 mechanically connected. The connecting element 58 is central between the negative connector 51 and the positive connector 52 arranged. The connecting element 58 is made of a plastic and thus electrically insulating. The first end element 55 is with the negative connector 51 mechanically connected, and the second end element 56 is with the positive connector 52 mechanically connected. The end elements 55 . 56 are made of a plastic and thus electrically insulating.

The negative connector 51 has a negative connection bar 71 on which of the connecting element 58 away on the first end element 55 to stick out. The positive connector 52 has a positive connection bar 72 on which of the connecting element 58 away on the second end element 56 to stick out. The negative connection bar 71 and the positive connection bar 72 project in opposite directions from the centrally arranged connecting element 58 path.

3 shows a second embodiment of a connector unit 50 for a battery cell 2 , Also the connector unit 50 according to the second embodiment comprises a negative connector 51 , a positive connector 52 , a connecting element 58 and a first end element 55 and a second end element 56 ,

The connecting element 58 is with the negative connector 51 and with the positive connector 52 mechanically connected. The connecting element 58 is central between the negative connector 51 and the positive connector 52 arranged. The connecting element 58 is made of a plastic and thus electrically insulating. The first end element 55 is with the negative connector 51 mechanically connected, and the second end element 56 is with the positive connector 52 mechanically connected. The end elements 55 . 56 are made of a plastic and thus electrically insulating.

The negative connector 51 has two negative connecting webs in the present case 71 on which of the connecting element 58 away on the first end element 55 to protrude. The negative connection bars 71 of the negative connector 51 are electrically connected. The positive connector 52 has two positive connecting webs in the present case 72 on which of the connecting element 58 away on the second end element 56 to protrude. The positive connection bars 72 of the positive connector 52 are electrically connected.

The negative connection bars 71 protrude approximately parallel to each other in the same direction from the connecting element 58 path. Also the positive connection bars 72 protrude approximately parallel to each other in the same direction from the connecting element 58 path. The negative connection bars 71 however, project in the opposite direction from the centrally located connector 58 away like the positive connection bars 72 ,

4 shows a perspective view of an electrode unit 10 when connecting a connector unit 50 according to the first embodiment. The anode 21 has anode contact flags 35 on which from the electrode unit 10 protrude. The cathode 22 has cathode contact flags 36 on, which also from the electrode unit 10 protrude. The anode contact flags 35 and the cathode contact flags 36 protrude on the same side of the electrode unit 10 out and onto the connector unit 50 to.

The anode contact flags 35 are pressed together and flush with the negative connection bar 71 of the negative connector 51 the connector unit 50 created. Subsequently, the anode contact flags 35 by means of welding, preferably by means of ultrasonic welding, firmly bonded to the negative connecting web 71 of the negative connector 51 connected.

The cathode contact flags 36 are also compressed and flush to the positive connecting bar 72 of the positive connector 52 the connector unit 50 created. Subsequently, the cathode contact flags 36 by means of welding, preferably by means of ultrasonic welding, firmly bonded to the positive connecting web 72 of the positive connector 52 connected.

5 shows a perspective view of the electrode unit 10 with connected connector unit 50 according to the first embodiment 4 , The anode contact flags 35 are cohesive with the negative connection web 71 of the negative connector 51 connected, and the cathode contact flags 36 are cohesive with the positive connection web 72 of the positive connector 52 connected. Overhangs of the anode contact flags 35 as well as the cathode contact flags 36 are removed. The supernatants of the anode contact flags 35 as well as the cathode contact flags 36 can also be folded over.

A cover element 80 of an electrically insulating material is so on the connector unit 50 attached that an electrical contact of the negative connector 51 with the still to be attached second housing part 62 is avoided. Another cover element 80 of an electrically insulating material is so on the connector unit 50 attached that an electrical contact of the positive connector 52 with the first housing part still to be attached 61 is avoided.

6 shows a sectional view through a connector unit 50 according to the second embodiment in a battery cell 2 , The electrode unit 10 with anode contact flags 35 and with the cathode contact flags 36 is not shown here. The electrode unit, not shown 10 is by means of a retainer 82 mechanically in the cell housing 3 the battery cell 2 held and electrically from the housing parts 61 . 62 isolated.

The first housing part 61 and the second housing part 62 are by means of the insulation element 60 , which in the present case is an adhesive, mechanically with each other to the cell housing 3 connected and electrically isolated from each other. The first housing part 61 represents the negative terminal 11 the battery cell 2 and the second housing part 62 represents the positive terminal 12 the battery cell 2 represents.

One of the two negative connection bars 71 of the negative connector 51 is with the anode contact flags, not shown here 35 welded. Between this negative connection bar 71 and the second housing part 62 is the insulating cover 80 arranged. The other of the two negative connection bars 71 of the negative connector 51 is at the negative connection points marked by an arrow 75 with the first housing part 61 welded.

One of the two positive connection bridges 72 of the positive connector 52 is with the cathode contact flags, not shown here 36 welded. Between this positive connection bridge 72 and the first housing part 61 is the insulating cover 80 arranged. The other of the two positive connection bars 72 of the positive connector 52 is at the positive connection points marked by an arrow 76 with the second housing part 62 welded.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and the aspects highlighted therein. Rather, within the scope given by the claims a variety of modifications are possible, which are within the scope of expert action.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2014/0295239 [0006]
• DE 102011076919 A1 [0006]

Claims (10)

A battery cell (2) comprising a cell casing (3) in which an electrode unit (10) is arranged, the electrode unit (10) having an anode (21) electrically connected to a negative terminal (11) and a positive terminal (12) ) electrically connected cathode (22), wherein the cell housing (3) has a first housing part (61), which forms the negative terminal (11), and a second housing part (62) which forms the positive terminal (12), characterized in that within the cell casing (3) there is provided a connector unit (50) having a negative connector (51) electrically connected to the anode (21) and to the first casing part (61) and a positive connector (Fig. 52) electrically connected to the cathode (22) and to the second housing part (62). Battery cell (2) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the first housing part (61) and the second housing part (62) made of metal and by a circumferential insulating element (60) are electrically isolated from each other. Battery cell (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anode (21) anode contact lugs (35), and that the cathode (22) cathode contact lugs (36), wherein the anode contact lugs (35) and the cathode contact lugs (36) protrude from the electrode unit (10) on the same side. Battery cell (2) after Claim 3 , characterized in that the anode contact lugs (35) are materially connected to the negative connector (51), and / or that the cathode contact lugs (36) are materially connected to the positive connector (52). Battery cell (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the negative connector (51) is integrally connected to the first housing part (61), and / or that the positive connector (52) integrally connected to the second housing part (62) is. Battery cell (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connector unit (50) has a connecting element (58) which is mechanically connected to the negative connector (51) and to the positive connector (52). Battery cell (2) after Claim 6 characterized in that the negative connector (51) has exactly one negative terminal land (71) which projects away from the connecting element (58), and / or that the positive connector (52) has exactly one positive terminal land (72) protrudes away from the connecting element (58). Battery cell (2) after Claim 6 characterized in that the negative connector (51) has at least two negative terminal lands (71) protruding away from the connecting element (58), and / or the positive connector (52) has at least two positive terminal lands (72) protrude away from the connecting element (58). Battery cell (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connector unit (50) has a first end element (55) which is mechanically connected to the negative connector (51), and / or that the connector unit (50) has a second one End member (56) which is mechanically connected to the positive connector (52). Use of a battery cell (2) according to one of the preceding claims in an electric vehicle (EV), in a hybrid vehicle (HEV), in a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV), in a stationary battery, in a battery in a marine application or in a battery in an aeronautical application.

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