DE102016219234A1 - Coupling system and method for operating a coupling system - Google Patents

Abstract

A clutch system (10) for coupling a drive shaft of an automotive engine is provided with a friction clutch (16) for transmitting a torque between a torque introduction element (12) and a torque extraction element (14), a ramp system (24) for axially displacing a pressure plate of the friction clutch (FIG. 16), the ramp system (24) having an input ramp (28) and an output ramp (32) rotatable relative to the input ramp (28) for varying an axial extent of the ramp system (24) due to a differential rotational speed between the torque input member (12) and the torque diverting member (12). 14), a freewheel (36) coupled to the torque input member (12) and the input ramp (28), the freewheel (36) in a blocking position from the torque input member (12) to the input ramp (28), a control torque for closing the friction clutch (16) transfers, and one with the Drehmomenteinleitun gselement (12) and the input ramp (28) coupled magnetic coupling (38) for bridging the freewheel (36). For the change of the operating modes in overrun mode, it is only necessary with the aid of the magnetic coupling (38) to bridge the freewheel (36), so that an easy and efficient adaptation of torque transmission in a drive train, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, to different driving strategies is possible ,

Description

The invention relates to a coupling system and a method for actuating a coupling system, with the aid of which a drive shaft of an automotive engine with at least one transmission input shaft of a motor vehicle transmission or a rotor of an electric machine of a hybrid motor vehicle can be coupled.

Out WO 2011/050773 A1 is a coupling system in the manner of a so-called booster clutch known, in which a coupling designed as a clutch friction clutch can be operated by means of a ramp system. To close the friction clutch, the ramp system can change its axial extent by means of a plate spring by a rotatable relative to an input ramp output ramp and thereby axially displace a pressure plate of the friction clutch. As a result, a clutch disc can be pressed by friction between the pressure plate and a counter plate of the friction clutch.

There is a continuing need to be able to easily and efficiently adapt torque transmission in a drive train, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, to different driving strategies.

It is the object of the invention to show measures that enable an easy and efficient adaptation of a torque transmission in a drive train, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, to different driving strategies.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a coupling system having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 9. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and the following description, which individually or in combination constitute an aspect of the invention can.

According to the invention, a clutch system for coupling a drive shaft of a motor vehicle engine with at least one transmission input shaft of a motor vehicle transmission or a rotor of an electric machine of a hybrid motor vehicle provided with a, in particular designed as a multi-plate clutch, friction clutch for transmitting torque between a torque introduction element, in particular drive shaft of the motor vehicle engine, and a Drehmomentausleitungselement in particular transmission input shaft of the motor vehicle transmission or rotor of the electric machine, a ramp system for axially displacing a pressure plate of the friction clutch, the ramp system having an input ramp and an output ramp rotatable relative to the input ramp for varying an axial extension of the ramp system due to a differential speed between the torque introduction element and the torque output element , one with the torque line and the input ramp coupled freewheel, wherein the freewheel in a blocking position from the torque input element to the input ramp transmits a control torque for closing the friction clutch, and coupled to the torque input element and the input ramp magnetic coupling for bridging the freewheel.

When torque is to be transmitted from the torque introducing member to the torque deriving member in the traction operation, the torque introducing member rotates faster than the Drehmomentausleitungselement when the friction clutch is open. The freewheel is thereby moved to its blocking position, so that the input ramp is coupled to the torque introduction element and a control torque can be transmitted, while the output ramp can be coupled to the Drehmomentausleitungselement. The difference in rotational speed between the torque introducing member and the torque deriving member thereby results in a difference in rotational speed between the input ramp and the output ramp. As a result, the ramp system is rotated as a result of the differential rotational speed between the torque introduction element and the torque output element, which may increase the axial extent of the ramp system. In this case, in particular, the output ramp can be displaced axially in the manner of a pressure plate. By increasing the axial extent of the ramp system, the friction clutch can be closed by the axially displaced output ramp, so that an input part of the friction clutch coupled to the torque input element can be frictionally pressed with an output part of the friction clutch coupled to the torque output element. In the closed state of the friction clutch, a majority of the torque introduced by the torque introduction element can be transmitted via the friction clutch to the Drehmomentausleitungselement. As a result, it is possible that a motor vehicle engine connected to the torque introduction element, for example an internal combustion engine, can transmit its generated torque to a motor vehicle transmission, it being possible for a rotor of an electric motor of a hybrid motor vehicle to be provided between the motor vehicle transmission and the torque introduction element. For this purpose, in particular the Drehmomentausleitungselement form the rotor of the electric machine, in that the rotor has, for example, electromagnets interacting with electromagnets of a stator of the electric machine.

If, in a coasting operation, the rotational speed of the torque elimination element is greater than the rotational speed of the torque introduction element, the input ramp of the ramp system can no longer be supported on the freewheel, since the freewheel in this case is in the freewheeling position and interrupts torque transmission. The coupling of the input ramp to the torque input element can thereby be interrupted, so that a rotational speed difference between the torque introduction element and the torque diverting element can be permitted without a change in the axial extent of the ramp system. In particular, the friction clutch can open automatically and thereby reduce the extent of the ramp system. As a result, the motor vehicle is not braked by the drag torque of the motor vehicle engine connected to the torque introduction element. The motor vehicle can then roll in a sailing operation essentially without fuel consumption and / or be powered purely electrically by an optionally provided electric machine.

If, in overrun mode, the torque introduction element and / or an engine motor connected to the torque introduction element are to be intentionally carried along, for example to start the vehicle engine and / or additionally brake the motor vehicle with the aid of the moment of inertia of the vehicle engine ("engine brake"), the magnetic coupling can be closed. Due to the closed magnetic coupling, a torque transmission to the freewheel located in the freewheeling position can be realized over. In the minimum extent of the ramp system, the output ramp coupled to the torque diverting element can take the input ramp and transmit torque. Due to the closed magnetic coupling, the torque arriving at the input ramp can be transmitted to the torque introduction element, so that a deliberate torque transmission from the Drehmomentausleitungselement can be done to the torque input element on the freewheel in overrun by selectively closing the magnetic coupling. Preferably, the magnetic coupling is already closed when the friction clutch is still closed, so that a torque transmission from the Drehmomentausleitungselement can be done to the torque introduction element via the friction clutch. With the help of the magnetic coupling can be easily changed between a sailing operation and / or a purely electrical operation on the one hand and a conscious towing operation on the other hand. For the change of operating modes in overrun operation, it is only necessary with the help of the magnetic coupling to override the freewheel, so that an easy and efficient adaptation of torque transmission in a drive train, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, is made possible to different driving strategies.

The magnetic coupling, the ramp system and the friction clutch can together form a so-called booster clutch. Instead of the magnetic coupling and another pilot clutch can be used, which is adapted in response to a control signal to couple the input ramp with the torque introduction element to bridge the freewheel. When the friction clutch is in the closed state, the torque introduction element and the torque diversion element have essentially the same rotational speed in slip-free operation. In the open state of the friction clutch, the torque introduction element and the torque extraction element can rotate at a different speed, so that sets a speed difference between the torque introduction element and the Drehmomentausleitungselement. The torque flowing via the torque introduction element and the friction clutch can flow at least partially via the closed magnetic coupling or the locked freewheel, so that at least temporarily a torque transmission via the ramp system can take place in the closed state of the magnetic coupling, whereby component loads can be reduced. Due to the changing extent of the ramp system, the pressure plate can be displaced for closing the friction clutch, wherein a displacement force for displacing the pressure plate can be diverted from the torque transmitted via the freewheel. If the extent of the ramp system has changed so far that, for example, the pressure plate presses a clutch disk and / or disks of a multi-plate clutch, after completion of a slip operation, the rotational speeds of the torque introduction element and the torque extraction element are synchronized with each other, so that a speed difference is no longer present. The ramp system can then remain in the position reached.

Via a suitable choice of the ramp gradient of the ramp system, a force transmission can be achieved. Furthermore, it is possible to shift the magnetic coupling out of the area of the pressure plate. The magnetic coupling can thereby be positioned, in particular in comparison to the pressure plate, at least to a large extent radially inward to the pressure plate, so that space is radial can be used within to friction linings of the clutch disc. The friction contacts of the clutch disc can be provided in a comparatively far radially outer region, so that a correspondingly small extent of the friction clutch is required radially inward in order to realize a correspondingly large friction surface can.

The output ramp may be rotatably but axially movably coupled to the Drehmomentausleitungselement. Thereby, the output ramp coupled to the torque deriving member and the input ramp couplable to the torque introducing member via the one way and / or the magnetic coupling can be relatively rotated at a differential rotational speed between the torque deriving member and the torque introducing member. The ramps of the ramp system can slide directly on each other or be rotated relative to each other via at least one ball, a cylinder or other rotatable element, so that a ball-ramp system can be formed. By rotating the ramps relative to one another, the distance between the rear sides of the input ramp and the output ramp pointing away from the respective other opposite ramp can change, so that the axial extent of the ramp system can correspondingly be reduced or increased. Particularly preferably, the maximum relative angle of rotation of the input ramp to the output ramp is limited for example by at least one stop, whereby, for example, exceeding a maximum wear range of friction linings of the friction clutch can be avoided.

In particular, the freewheel has an input ring coupled to the torque input element and an output ring coupled to the torque output element. For example, pawls, clamping body, ramps or the like may be provided between the input ring and the output ring, which lock the input ring with the output ring torque transfer when overtaking the input ring and allow a relative rotation when overtaking the output ring. Preferably, the input ring is designed as an inner ring and the output ring of outer ring.

In particular, the magnetic coupling has a controllable by a control device electromagnet and a displaceable by the electromagnet armature disc, wherein the armature disc is indirectly or directly coupled torque transmitting to the input ramp and produces a direct or indirect frictional engagement with the torque introduction element in a closed position of the magnetic coupling. By selectively energizing the electromagnet in response to a control signal, the magnetic coupling can be easily closed or opened. The armature disk may be made of a magnetic-responsive material, such as a ferromagnetic material. The electromagnet may have a current-flowable coil, which is wound in particular around an iron core. Through the magnetic coupling, a "clutch-by-wire" system can be implemented, in which the actuation of the coupling system used as a clutch clutch in the drive train of the motor vehicle not by mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic means, but electrically. The disconnect clutch can thereby be configured as an "e-clutch". With the aid of the magnetic coupling, in a drive train of a motor vehicle, for example, a drive shaft of a motor vehicle engine can be coupled to at least one transmission input shaft of a motor vehicle transmission. Furthermore, it is possible with the aid of the magnetic coupling to couple a drive shaft of an automobile engine with a rotor of an electric machine of a hybrid motor vehicle.

Preferably, the armature disk is connected to a return spring, designed in particular as a leaf spring, for moving the armature disk into a starting position corresponding to the open position of the magnetic coupling. In particular, when the electromagnet is no longer energized, the return spring can open the magnetic coupling automatically. Furthermore, it is possible to transmit a torque via the return spring configured in particular as a leaf spring, so that the return spring can be provided in the torque flux of the closed magnetic coupling.

Particularly preferably, the freewheel is coupled via an at least with a share in the radial direction extending carrier with the input ramp, wherein the armature disc with the driver, in particular via the return spring, is coupled to transmit torque. The driver can be designed in particular in the manner of a pot. The driver may be radially inwardly connected to an outer ring of the freewheel and radially outside, for example via acting in the tangential direction stops on the input ramp. The driver is substantially immobile, in particular in the axial direction, so that the armature disk can be easily axially supported on the driver. Due to the torque-transmitted coupling of the armature disk on the driver of the driver can be used both for the torque flow through the freewheel and for the torque flow through the magnetic coupling, so that a compact design with a small number of components is made possible for the clutch system.

In particular, the electromagnet is mounted on the torque output element via a rotor bearing and / or on the torque introduction element via a shaft bearing. The electromagnet can thereby be fixed substantially immovably with a stationary component, so that an electrical contact can be made particularly simple. At the same time, the solenoid can be used as a radial support for the torque introduction element and / or the Drehmomentausleitungselement.

Preferably, a friction disc for producing a frictional connection with the armature disk in the closed position of the magnetic coupling is provided between the electromagnet and the armature disk, wherein the friction disk is coupled to transmit torque to the torque introduction element. In particular, the friction disk can have passage openings which can concentrate the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet and direct it to the armature disk. The armature disk can press against the friction disk with a contact force corresponding to the magnetic field of the electromagnet and thereby produce a frictional connection. In particular, the friction disc, for example via a spline, in the circumferential direction substantially immovably connected to the torque introduction element. Preferably, the friction disc is designed in one piece with the torque introduction element.

Particularly preferably, the friction clutch has a coupled to the Drehmomentausleitungselement, designed in particular as Ausgangslamellenträger output part and coupled to the torque input element, in particular designed as Eingangslamellenträger input part, wherein the input part is coupled to the torque introduction element and / or the output part with the Drehmomentausleitungselement via a torque sensor. In particular, the output part can be configured in one piece with the torque output element, for example by a tooth profile of the torque output element for axially movable guiding of slats, while the input part interacts with the torque sensor. Accordingly, the input part can be configured integrally with the torque introduction element, for example by a tooth profile of the torque introduction element for axially movable guiding of fins, while the output part interacts with the torque sensor. The torque sensor is able to allow at least a limited relative rotation and still transmit a torque. The torque sensor may provide circumferential softness to permit relative rotation of the input member to the output member during relative rotation of the input ramp to the output ramp. The moment sensor can, for example, camber the introduced torque via bow springs and in this case be twisted a bit. In a reversal of the direction of the torque, for example in a change between train operation and overrun, the torque sensor can already move back to its neutral position, whereby a tension of the friction clutch and / or the ramp system can be reduced. As a result, it is not necessary for a torque to be built up to open the friction clutch, the amount of which exceeds the amount of torque when the friction clutch is closed.

In particular, the friction clutch has at least one, in particular designed as a corrugated spring, return spring element for automatically opening the friction clutch. The friction clutch can be designed as a "normally open". The return spring element can be provided, for example, as a pad spring for friction linings of the friction clutch.

The invention further relates to a method for actuating a clutch system, which may be formed and further developed as described above, wherein the magnetic clutch is closed in the overrun mode for transmitting a torque from the Drehmomentausleitungselement to the torque introduction element. The method can also be explained and further developed as explained above with reference to the coupling system. With the help of the magnetic coupling can be easily changed between a sailing operation and / or a purely electrical operation on the one hand and a conscious towing operation on the other hand. For the change of operating modes in overrun operation, it is only necessary with the help of the magnetic coupling to override the freewheel, so that an easy and efficient adaptation of torque transmission in a drive train, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, is made possible to different driving strategies.

In particular, the magnetic clutch is closed while the friction clutch is closed. As a result, at least part of the torque to be transmitted in the overrun mode from the torque output element to the torque introduction element can also be transmitted via the friction clutch. The component loads can be kept low.

The invention will be explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings based on preferred embodiments, wherein the features shown below both individually and in combination may constitute an aspect of the invention. Show it:

1 a schematic perspective sectional view of a coupling system and

2 : A schematic sectional view of the coupling system from 1 ,

This in 1 and 2 illustrated coupling system 10 has a torque introduction element 12 in the form of a crankshaft designed as a drive shaft of an automotive engine, for example, with a Drehmomentausleitungselement 14 can be coupled in the form of a transmission input shaft of a motor vehicle transmission. On the torque extraction element 14 can also attack an electric machine to exchange a torque. For this purpose, the electric machine has a current-flowable stator, which has one with the torque diverting element 14 coupled rotor can interact. Optionally, the Drehmomentausleitungselement having cooperating with the stator magnets and thereby form the rotor of the electric machine. Between the torque introduction element 12 and the motor vehicle engine and / or between the Drehmomentausleitungselement 14 and the motor vehicle transmission, a separating clutch may be provided to switch gears in the motor vehicle transmission while the motor vehicle engine is running.

The torque introduction element 12 can via a designed as a multi-plate clutch friction clutch 16 with the torque diverting element 14 be coupled. For this purpose, the friction clutch 16 one with the torque diverting element 14 non-rotatably connected as outer disk carrier ausgestaltetes output part 18 and a via a moment sensor 20 ("Torque probe") with the torque introduction element 12 torque transmitting coupled input part 22 on. The friction clutch 16 can with the help of a ramp system 24 be operated. For this purpose, the ramp system 24 one via a thrust bearing 26 axially immovably supported entrance ramp 28 up, over a ball 30 to an exit ramp 32 can be twisted. The exit ramp 32 can be axially displaced thereby, as a pressure plate of the friction clutch 16 the friction and / or steel blades of the friction clutch 16 at a closing of the friction clutch 16 to press.

At the entrance ramp 28 engages a cup-like carrier 34 with the help of which the entrance ramp 28 can be twisted. The driver 34 is over a freewheel 36 with the torque introduction element 12 coupled. In train operation, when the torque introduction element 12 the torque extraction element 14 overhauled, locks the freewheel 36 , so the driver 34 from the torque introduction element 12 is taken. The driver 34 turn takes the entrance ramp 28 with, which increases the axial extent of the ramp system 24 increased and the friction clutch 16 is closed. In the closed state of the friction clutch 16 in particular, at least a majority of the torque from the introduction element 12 torque to be transmitted to the torque deriving member via the friction clutch 16 be transmitted. In overrun when the torque rejection element 14 the torque introduction element 12 overhauled, locks the freewheel 36 no more, so the entrance ramp 28 no longer at the freewheel 36 can support. For example, as corrugated springs configured return spring elements 37 then can the friction clutch 16 to the open position. Here, the friction clutch 16 the entrance ramp 28 turn back and the extension of the ramp system 24 reduce. The freewheel 36 can be rotated without torque transmission in this freewheeling position.

In order to allow a deliberate pushing operation, is a magnetic coupling 38 intended. The magnetic coupling 38 has a fixed electromagnet 40 on, on which via a radially inner shaft bearing 42 the torque introduction element 12 and via a radially outer rotor bearing 44 the torque extraction element 14 is stored. The electromagnet 40 can create an electric field, with the help of an anchor plate 46 attracted and against a friction disc 48 can be pressed frictionally. The friction disc 48 is fixed to the torque introduction element 12 connected or even made in one piece. The anchor disc 46 Is via configured as a leaf spring return springs torque transmitting but axially displaceable with the driver 34 connected. When the magnetic coupling 38 can be closed, on the frictional engagement between the armature disc 34 with the friction disc 44 a torque flow between the torque introduction element 12 and the driver 34 caused by the freewheel 36 can be bridged. At least at the minimal intended extent of the ramp system 24 Can the with the torque diverting element 14 coupled output ramp 32 the entrance ramp 28 take along and torque from the Drehmomentausleitungselement 14 over the ramp system 24 and the magnetic coupling 38 to the torque introduction element 12 transfer.

When the magnetic coupling 38 is closed while still the friction clutch 16 is closed, can in overrun also on the friction clutch 16 a torque of the Drehmomentausleitungselement 14 to the torque introduction element 12 be transmitted.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 coupling system

12

 Torque input element

14

 Drehmomentausleitungselement

16

 friction clutch

18

 output portion

20

 torque sensor

22

 introductory

24

 ramp system

26

 thrust

28

 entrance ramp

30

 Bullet

32

 exit ramp

34

 takeaway

36

 freewheel

37

 Return spring elements

38

 magnetic coupling

40

 electromagnet

42

 shaft bearing

44

 rotor bearing

46

 armature disc

48

 friction

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2011/050773 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Coupling system for coupling a drive shaft of a motor vehicle engine with at least one transmission input shaft of a motor vehicle transmission or a rotor of an electric machine of a hybrid motor vehicle, with a, in particular designed as a multi-plate clutch, friction clutch ( 16 ) for transmitting a torque between a torque introduction element ( 12 ), in particular drive shaft of the motor vehicle engine, and a Drehmomentausleitungselement ( 14 ), in particular transmission input shaft of the motor vehicle transmission or rotor of the electric machine, a ramp system ( 24 ) for axially displacing a pressure plate of the friction clutch ( 16 ), whereby the ramp system ( 24 ) an entrance ramp ( 28 ) and one relative to the input ramp ( 28 ) rotatable output ramp ( 32 ) for changing an axial extent of the ramp system ( 24 ) due to a differential speed between the torque input element ( 12 ) and the torque extraction element ( 14 ), one with the torque introduction element ( 12 ) and the entrance ramp ( 28 ) coupled freewheel ( 36 ), whereby the freewheel ( 36 ) in a blocking position of the torque introduction element ( 12 ) to the entrance ramp ( 28 ) a control torque for closing the friction clutch ( 16 ), and one with the torque input element ( 12 ) and the entrance ramp ( 28 ) coupled magnetic coupling ( 38 ) for bridging the freewheel ( 36 ). Coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic coupling ( 38 ) a controllable by a control device electromagnet ( 40 ) and one of the electromagnet ( 40 ) displaceable armature disk ( 46 ), wherein the armature disc ( 46 ) indirectly or directly transmitting torque with the input ramp ( 28 ) is coupled and in a closed position of the magnetic coupling ( 38 ) an indirect or immediate frictional engagement with the torque introduction element ( 12 ). Coupling system according to claim 2, characterized in that the armature disc ( 46 ) with a, in particular as a leaf spring, configured return spring for movement of the armature disc ( 46 ) in one of the open position of the magnetic coupling ( 38 ) corresponding starting position is connected. Coupling system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the freewheel ( 36 ) via a driver running at least with a portion in the radial direction ( 34 ) with the input ramp ( 28 ), wherein the armature disc ( 46 ) with the driver ( 34 ), in particular via the return spring, is coupled to transmit torque. Coupling system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the electromagnet ( 40 ) via a rotor bearing ( 44 ) on the torque extraction element ( 14 ) and / or via a shaft bearing ( 42 ) on the torque introduction element ( 12 ) is stored. Coupling system according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that between the electromagnet ( 40 ) and the anchor plate ( 46 ) a friction disc ( 48 ) for producing a frictional connection with the armature disk ( 46 ) in the closed position of the magnetic coupling ( 38 ) is provided, wherein the friction disc ( 48 ) torque transmitting with the torque introduction element ( 12 ) is coupled. Coupling system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the friction clutch ( 16 ) with the torque diverting element ( 14 ) coupled, in particular designed as an output plate carrier output part ( 18 ) and one with the torque introduction element ( 12 ) coupled, in particular designed as an input disk carrier input part ( 22 ), wherein the input part ( 22 ) with the torque introduction element ( 12 ) and / or the output part ( 18 ) with the torque diverting element ( 14 ) via a moment sensor ( 20 ) is coupled. Coupling system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the friction clutch ( 16 ) at least one, in particular designed as a wave spring, return spring element ( 37 ) for automatically opening the friction clutch ( 16 ) having. Method for actuating a coupling system ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in the overrun mode for transmitting a torque from the Drehmomentausleitungselement ( 14 ) to the torque introduction element ( 12 ) the magnetic coupling ( 38 ) is closed. Method according to Claim 9, in which the magnetic coupling ( 38 ) is closed while the friction clutch ( 16 ) closed is.

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