DE102016219114A1 - Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation - Google Patents

Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
DE102016219114A1
DE102016219114A1 DE102016219114.4A DE102016219114A DE102016219114A1 DE 102016219114 A1 DE102016219114 A1 DE 102016219114A1 DE 102016219114 A DE102016219114 A DE 102016219114A DE 102016219114 A1 DE102016219114 A1 DE 102016219114A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
particles
ceramic material
core
temperature
materials
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE102016219114.4A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Uwe Scheithauer
Christos Aneziris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority to DE102016219114.4A priority Critical patent/DE102016219114A1/en
Publication of DE102016219114A1 publication Critical patent/DE102016219114A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
    • C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
    • C04B35/057—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on calcium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/50—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on rare-earth compounds
    • C04B35/505—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on rare-earth compounds based on yttrium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/581—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on aluminium nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/583—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on boron nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/62802—Powder coating materials
    • C04B35/62805—Oxide ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/62802—Powder coating materials
    • C04B35/62805—Oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/62818—Refractory metal oxides
    • C04B35/62823—Zirconium or hafnium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5427—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5445—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof submicron sized, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5463—Particle size distributions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
    • C04B2235/6021—Extrusion moulding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/94—Products characterised by their shape
    • C04B2235/945—Products containing grooves, cuts, recesses or protusions

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft Partikel aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff zur Beeinflussung der Schadenstoleranz von Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung. Partikel aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff zur Beeinflussung der Schadenstoleranz von Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen werden in einer Matrix, die aus einem weiteren Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildet ist, eingebettet, und jeweils durch Form- und/oder Stoffschluss mit benachbarten Partikeln innerhalb der mit dem Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildeten Matrix verbunden. Die Partikel sind zur Ausbildung eines Formschlusses mit benachbarten Partikeln mit mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werk-stoffkomposit mit einer definierten Oberflächengeometrie ausgebildet und/oder die Partikel sind zur Ausbildung eines Stoffschlusses in Form von Sinterbrücken mit benachbarten Partikeln mit mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit gebildet, die jeweils einen Kern bilden, und der jeweilige Kern ist mit mindestens einem Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit kleinerer Partikelgröße beschichtet.The invention relates to particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials and to a process for their production. Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials are embedded in a matrix which is formed from a further high-temperature material, and in each case by form and / or material bond with adjacent particles within the matrix formed with the high-temperature material. The particles are formed to form a positive connection with adjacent particles with at least one ceramic material and / or composite material having a defined surface geometry and / or the particles are to form a material bond in the form of sintered bridges with adjacent particles with at least one ceramic material and / / or Werkstoffkomposit formed, each forming a core, and the respective core is coated with at least one material and / or Werkstoffkomposit with smaller particle size.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Partikel aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff zur Beeinflussung der Schadenstoleranz von Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen, wobei die Partikel möglichst homogen in einer Matrix, die aus einem weiteren Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildet ist, eingebettet werden. So hergestellte Bauelemente können z. B. für die Herstellung von Stahl, Glas, Beton oder auch für Verbrennungsprozesse eingesetzt werden. Die Erfindung beinhaltet außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Partikel.The invention relates to particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, wherein the particles are embedded as homogeneously as possible in a matrix which is formed from a further high-temperature material. So produced components can z. B. for the production of steel, glass, concrete or for combustion processes. The invention also includes a method for producing the particles.

Im Anwendungsbereich von Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen, wie beispielsweise in Anlagen in der Stahlproduktion oder in der Reaktortechnik, müssen die verwendeten Werkstoffe dauerhaft eine hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit und gleichzeitig eine hohe mechanische Belastbarkeit aufweisen. Auch nach dem Entstehen von Rissen soll insbesondere die mechanische Belastbarkeit weiterhin gegeben sein. Dabei werden verschiedene Ansätze verfolgt, um die Belastbarkeit von mit Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen hergestellten Bauteilen zu erhöhen. So wurden den Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen unter anderem keramische Fasern zugegeben, um die Zugfestigkeit der Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe zu erhöhen und die Ausbildung von Rissen zu vermeiden. Die Fasern sind dabei in dem Hochtemperaturwerkstoff enthalten und von ihm umschlossen.In the field of application of high-temperature materials, such as in plants in steel production or in reactor technology, the materials used must permanently have a high temperature resistance and at the same time a high mechanical strength. Even after the occurrence of cracks in particular the mechanical strength should continue to be given. Various approaches are used to increase the load capacity of high-temperature components. For example, ceramic fibers were added to the high-temperature materials to increase the tensile strength of the high-temperature materials and to prevent the formation of cracks. The fibers are contained in the high-temperature material and enclosed by him.

Häufig bedeuten die vorgeschlagenen Veränderungen Eingriffe in die Herstellung und Verarbeitung der Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe und der daraus hergestellten Bauteile, die mit Änderungen im Fertigungsprozess bzw. der dazu erforderlichen Anlagentechnik verbunden sind.Often, the proposed changes involve interference in the manufacture and processing of high-temperature materials and the components produced therefrom, which are associated with changes in the manufacturing process or the required system technology.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, Möglichkeiten vorzuschlagen, Hochtemperaturwerkstoffe mit einer erhöhten thermischen und mechanischen Belastbarkeit herzustellen, die eine verminderte Rissbildung aufweisen und auch bei auftretenden Rissen weiterhin den auftretenden Belastungen standhalten.It is therefore an object of the invention to propose ways to produce high temperature materials with increased thermal and mechanical strength, which have a reduced cracking and continue to withstand occurring loads even when cracks occur.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit Partikeln, die die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 aufweisen, gelöst. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Partikel weist die Merkmale des Anspruchs 10 auf. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung können mit in untergeordneten Ansprüchen bezeichneten Merkmalen realisiert werden.According to the invention this object is achieved with particles having the features of claim 1. A method for producing the particles has the features of claim 10. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be realized with features described in the subordinate claims.

Erfindungsgemäße Partikel sind aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff gebildet und werden in eine Matrix, die aus einem weiteren Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildet ist, eingebettet. Die Partikel sind durch Form- und/oder Stoffschluss mit benachbarten Partikeln innerhalb der mit dem Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildeten Matrix verbunden.Particulates according to the invention are formed from a refractory ceramic material and are embedded in a matrix which is formed from a further high-temperature material. The particles are connected by molding and / or material connection with adjacent particles within the matrix formed with the high-temperature material.

Zur Ausbildung eines Formschlusses mit benachbarten Partikeln in der Matrix werden die Partikel mit mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit einer definierten Oberflächengeometrie ausgebildet. Eine definierte Oberflächengeometrie kann mittels Ausformungen in Form von Haken, Zacken, Vertiefungen, Ösen, Erhebungen oder Hinterschneidungen gebildet sein.To form a positive connection with adjacent particles in the matrix, the particles are formed with at least one ceramic material and / or composite material having a defined surface geometry. A defined surface geometry can be formed by means of formations in the form of hooks, serrations, depressions, eyes, elevations or undercuts.

Zur Ausbildung eines Stoffschlusses in Form von Sinterbrücken mit benachbarten Partikeln sind die Partikel in einer erfindungsgemäßen Alternative mit mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit gebildet, die jeweils einen Kern bilden. Der jeweilige Kern ist mit mindestens einem Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit kleinerer Partikelgröße beschichtet. Die Partikel der Beschichtung sollten bevorzugt um ein Vielfaches im Bereich des 3-fachen bis 100.000-fachen kleiner als der Kern oder Partikel eines Pulvers, mit denen der Kern gebildet ist, sein.To form a material bond in the form of sintered bridges with adjacent particles, the particles are formed in an alternative according to the invention with at least one ceramic material and / or composite material, each forming a core. The respective core is coated with at least one material and / or composite material having a smaller particle size. The particles of the coating should preferably be many times in the range of 3 times to 100,000 times smaller than the core or particles of a powder with which the core is formed.

Die gebildeten Partikel können eine Breite, Höhe und/oder Tiefe im Bereich von 10 μm bis 5 mm, bevorzugt zwischen 100 μm und 1 mm, aufweisen.The particles formed may have a width, height and / or depth in the range of 10 μm to 5 mm, preferably between 100 μm and 1 mm.

Die beschichteten Kerne und die Partikel der Beschichtung können aus dem gleichen Werkstoff oder Werkstoffkomposit oder aber aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen oder Werkstoffkompositen gebildet sein.The coated cores and the particles of the coating can be formed from the same material or composite material or else from different materials or composite materials.

Die Partikel können mit oxidischen keramischen Werkstoffen, ausgewählt aus Al2O3, MgO, CaO, ZrO2, TiO2 ,Y2O3 und/oder nichtoxidischen keramischen Werkstoffen, ausgewählt aus Si3N4, BN, SiC oder AlN gebildet sein. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können in einem Partikel oder Kern bildenden keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit ein metallischer Werkstoff oder ein metallisches Material, bevorzugt ausgewählt aus Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Si, Mo, Cu oder Nb und/oder Fasern, die bevorzugt aus Al2O3, CaO, ZrO2, TiO2 , Y2O3, Si3N4, SiC, AlN, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Si, Mo, Cu oder Nb gebildet sind, enthalten sein.The particles may be formed with oxide ceramic materials selected from Al 2 O 3 , MgO, CaO, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , Y 2 O 3, and / or non-oxide ceramic materials selected from Si 3 N 4 , BN, SiC, or AlN , Additionally or alternatively, in a particle or core-forming ceramic material and / or Werkstoffkomposit a metallic material or a metallic material, preferably selected from Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Si, Mo, Cu or Nb and / or fibers, the preferably of Al 2 O 3 , CaO, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , SiC, AlN, Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Si, Mo, Cu or Nb are formed be.

Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Partikels werden Partikel zur Ausbildung einer definierten geometrischen Form aus mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit in Form einer Paste oder Suspension, in der pulverförmige(r) keramische(r) Werkstoff(e) und mindestens eine Flüssigkeit enthalten sind, gefertigt. Die Suspension oder Paste kann durch ein Gießverfahren in Formen mit definierter Form und Dimensionierung und/oder durch ein Pressverfahren, ein Druckverfahren oder Extrudieren mit einer anschließenden mechanischen formgebenden Bearbeitung mit einer definierten geometrischen Form und Dimensionierung gebildet werden.In a method for producing a particle according to the invention particles for forming a defined geometric shape of at least one ceramic material and / or composite material in the form of a paste or suspension, in the powdered ceramic material (s) and at least one liquid are included. The suspension or paste can be formed by a casting process into molds of defined shape and dimensioning and / or by a pressing process, a printing process or extrusion followed by mechanical shaping with a defined geometrical shape and dimensioning.

Alternativ kann die Suspension oder Paste zu Grünfolien ausgebildet, schichtweise übereinander gestapelt und unter einem definierten Druck und einer definierten Temperatur laminiert und anschließend einer mechanischen formgebenden Bearbeitung für die Ausbildung einer definierten geometrischen Form und Dimensionierung unterzogen werden. Alternatively, the suspension or paste may be formed into green sheets, stacked one on top of the other and laminated under a defined pressure and temperature, and then subjected to mechanical shaping for the formation of a defined geometric shape and dimensioning.

Eine mechanische formgebende Bearbeitung zur Ausbildung einer definierten geometrischen Form der Partikel kann dabei durch Stanzen, Schneiden oder Laserbearbeitung eines gebildeten Grünkörpers sowie Extrusion mit anschließendem Zuschnitt erfolgen. Bei der Extrusion kann die geometrische Form der Partikel durch die Form des Mundstückes eingestellt werden.A mechanical shaping treatment to form a defined geometric shape of the particles can be effected by punching, cutting or laser machining of a green body formed and extrusion followed by cutting. In extrusion, the geometric shape of the particles can be adjusted by the shape of the mouthpiece.

In einer Alternative des Verfahrens kann die Formgebung auch durch eine mechanische Einwirkung erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann dies durch das Brechen eines großflächigen Grünkörpers nach einem optional durchführbaren Sinterprozess erfolgen. Dabei können Sollbruchstellen durch eine plastische Verformung des Grünkörpers vor einer Sinterung oder mechanisch mit spanender Bearbeitung oder Energiestrahl nach dem Sintern ausgebildet werden, die nach der Sinterung zu einer gezielten, definierten Vereinzelung der einzelnen Partikel durch Brechen führen.In an alternative of the method, the shaping can also be effected by a mechanical action. For example, this can be done by breaking a large green body after an optional sintering process. In this case, predetermined breaking points can be formed by a plastic deformation of the green body prior to sintering or mechanically with machining or energy beam after sintering, which lead after sintering to a specific, defined separation of the individual particles by breaking.

Die Form der Partikel kann so gewählt sein, dass neben dem Formschluss mit benachbarten Partikeln in der Matrix eine möglichst große Oberfläche des Partikels vorhanden ist. Außerdem kann mit der Form der Partikel auch die Rheologie des Hochtemperaturwerkstoffes in seiner Herstellung und bei der Verarbeitung beeinflusst werden. So weisen Partikel mit abgerundeten Kanten ein verbessertes Fließverhalten auf, so dass die Herstellung insbesondere von feingliedrigen Bauteilen aus einem Hochtemperaturwerkstoff vereinfacht und die Anzahl der Fehlstellen vermindert werden kann.The shape of the particles can be chosen so that in addition to the positive connection with adjacent particles in the matrix as large a surface area of the particle is present. In addition, the shape of the particles can also influence the rheology of the high-temperature material in its production and processing. Thus, particles with rounded edges have an improved flow behavior, so that the production of particularly delicate components made of a high-temperature material can be simplified and the number of defects can be reduced.

Neben den Partikeln mit einer definierten Geometrie und Dimensionierung können auch die bei der Formgebung entstehenden Reste des keramischen Aufbaus Verwendung in den Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen finden, indem sie ebenfalls in die Matrix eingebettet werden. So kann ein hoher Ausnutzungsgrad des keramischen Aufbaus erreicht werden.In addition to the particles having a defined geometry and dimensioning, the remnants of the ceramic structure resulting from the shaping can also be used in the high-temperature materials by also being embedded in the matrix. Thus, a high degree of utilization of the ceramic structure can be achieved.

Zur Ausbildung einer Beschichtung werden Kerne aus mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit einer Suspension, in der pulverförmige(r) keramische(r) Werkstoff(e) mit einem kleineren Partikeldurchmesser als dem Durchmesser des Kerns oder Partikels, aus dem der Kern gebildet ist, und mindestens eine Flüssigkeit enthalten sind, beschichtet.To form a coating, cores are formed from at least one ceramic material and / or composite material with a suspension in which the powdered ceramic material (s) having a smaller particle diameter than the diameter of the core or particle from which the core is formed is, and at least one liquid are coated.

In einer Alternative des Verfahrens werden zur Ausbildung einer Beschichtung Kerne befeuchtet und eingefroren, und mit mindestens einem pulverförmigen keramischen Werkstoff mit kleinerem Partikeldurchmesser oder einer Suspension, in der pulverförmige(r) keramische(r) Werkstoff(e) mit einem kleineren Partikeldurchmesser als dem Durchmesser des Kerns oder den Kern bildender Partikel, und mindestens eine Flüssigkeit enthalten sind, beschichtet und anschließend getrocknet.In an alternative of the method cores are moistened and frozen to form a coating, and with at least one powdered ceramic material with a smaller particle diameter or a suspension, in the powdered ceramic material (s) having a smaller particle diameter than the diameter the core or the core-forming particles, and at least one liquid are contained, coated and then dried.

Die gebildeten Partikel werden zum Entfernen organischer Bestandteile und/oder der Flüssigkeit einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen. Durch eine Wärmebehandlung kann auch in den keramischen Werkstoffen und/oder Werkstoffkompositen enthaltener Kohlenstoff entfernt werden.The particles formed are subjected to a heat treatment to remove organic constituents and / or the liquid. Heat treatment can also remove carbon contained in the ceramic materials and / or material composites.

Die gebildeten Partikel können anschließend in einen Matrixwerkstoff des Hochtemperaturwerkstoffs eingebracht, Partikel und Matrixwerkstoff vermischt und anschließend eine zur Sinterung führende Wärmebehandlung durchgeführt werden. Der Sinterprozess kann auch erst im Einsatz des zu einem Bauteil verarbeiteten Hochtemperaturwerkstoffes erfolgen. So kann neben dem Formschluss der Partikel auch ein Stoffschluss benachbarter Partikel in dem Hochtemperaturwerkstoff, in dem die Partikel bevorzugt homogen verteilt eingebettet worden sind, erreicht werden.The particles formed can subsequently be introduced into a matrix material of the high-temperature material, particles and matrix material are mixed, and then a heat treatment leading to sintering is carried out. The sintering process can also take place only when the high-temperature material processed into a component is used. Thus, in addition to the positive connection of the particles, it is also possible to achieve an adhesion of adjacent particles in the high-temperature material in which the particles have preferably been embedded homogeneously distributed.

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Partikeln kann die thermische und mechanische Belastbarkeit von Bauteilen aus Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen, und insbesondere die Rissausbildung vorteilhaft beeinflusst werden. Durch den Stoffschluss sind die Partikel fest miteinander und in der Matrix des Hochtemperaturwerkstoffes eingebettet. Ein sich ausbreitender Riss kann beim Auftreffen auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Partikel in seiner Ausbreitung verzögert oder gestoppt werden, indem der Riss entlang der definiert vergrößert ausgebildeten Oberfläche des Partikels geführt wird und so Energie umgewandelt wird. Durch eine vorgegebene Form der Partikel kann auch die Ausbreitungsrichtung eines Risses beeinflusst werden.With the particles of the invention, the thermal and mechanical strength of components made of high-temperature materials, and in particular the crack formation can be favorably influenced. Due to the material bond, the particles are firmly embedded with each other and in the matrix of the high-temperature material. A spreading crack can be delayed or stopped when hitting a particle according to the invention by the crack is guided along the defined enlarged formed surface of the particle and thus energy is converted. By a predetermined shape of the particles and the propagation direction of a crack can be influenced.

Gleichzeitig dient die definierte geometrische Form der Partikel dem Formschluss der Partikel untereinander. Auch wenn sich ein Riss in der Matrix des Hochtemperaturwerkstoffes ausgebreitet hat, ist durch den Formschluss weiterhin ein Materialverbund gegeben und der Riss kann überbrückt werden. Das Versagen des Bauteils durch Bruch kann so zumindest verzögert werden. Durch Hinzufügen von Fasern in die Partikel, die aus dem Partikel herausragen, kann der Verbund weiter verbessert und auftretende Risse können zusätzlich überbrückt werden.At the same time, the defined geometric shape of the particles serves to form-fit the particles with each other. Even if a crack has spread in the matrix of the high-temperature material, a material bond is still given by the positive connection and the crack can be bridged. The failure of the component by breakage can be at least delayed. By adding fibers into the particles which protrude from the particle, the composite can be further improved and occurring cracks can be additionally bridged.

Die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Partikel ermöglicht es, den Herstellungsprozess von Bauteilen aus Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen unverändert zu lassen und lediglich modifizierte Ausgangsstoffe zu einzusetzen.The use of the particles according to the invention makes it possible to leave the production process of components made of high-temperature materials unchanged and to use only modified starting materials.

Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert werden. Dabei zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail by way of examples. Showing:

1 eine perspektivische Ansicht von zwei beispielhaft gestalteten Partikeln aus feuerfestem keramischen Werkstoff, und 1 a perspective view of two exemplified particles of refractory ceramic material, and

2 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Partikelverbunds mit Partikeln unterschiedlicher Partikelgröße. 2 a perspective view of a particle composite according to the invention with particles of different particle size.

In 1 sind zwei Partikel 1 mit sternförmigem Querschnitt dargestellt, die in einem formschlüssigen Verbund angeordnet sind. Dazu wurde auf Basis von Celluloseacetat und pulverförmigem Al2O3 mit einem mittleren Partikeldurchmesser im Bereich von von d50 = 0,4 μm und einem Anteil von ca. 65 Vol.-% im Grünkörper für die kaltplastische Extrusion hergestellt. Mittels einer Extrusion im Kolbenextruder mit einem Mundstück mit dem sternförmigem Querschnitt konnte ein Extrudat mit einem ebensolchen Querschnitt erzeugt werden. Nachfolgend wurde dieses Extrudat mit einem Skalpell in Scheiben mit einer Dicke im Bereich von 2 mm zerteilt. Die Scheiben wurden vereinzelt, bei einer Wärmebehandlung entbindert und gesintert. Die gesinterten Partikel 1 wiesen abschließend eine zweidimensionale, sternenförmige Struktur auf, so dass ein Formschluss mit benachbarten Partikeln 1 möglich ist.In 1 are two particles 1 shown with star-shaped cross-section, which are arranged in a positive connection. For this purpose, based on cellulose acetate and powdery Al 2 O 3 having an average particle diameter in the range of d 50 = 0.4 microns and a share of about 65 vol .-% in the green body for cold plastic extrusion produced. By means of an extrusion in the piston extruder with a mouthpiece with the star-shaped cross-section, it was possible to produce an extrudate with just such a cross-section. Subsequently, this extrudate was cut into slices with a thickness in the range of 2 mm with a scalpel. The discs were singulated, debinded and sintered by a heat treatment. The sintered particles 1 finally had a two-dimensional, star-shaped structure, so that a positive connection with adjacent particles 1 is possible.

In 2 ist ein Partikelverbund gezeigt, der aus Partikeln 1, 2 mit einem ersten und einem zweitem Partikeldurchmesser gebildet ist. Dazu wurde ein grobkörniges Al2O3-Pulver mit einem mittleren Partikeldurchmesser im Bereich von d50 = 1 mm befeuchtet und eingefroren. Nachfolgend wurden die einzelnen Partikel 1 mit einer Suspension, die neben feinen ZrO2-Partikeln 2 Polysulfon und das Lösungsmittel N-Methyl-Pyrrolidon (NMP) enthielt, beschichtet. Die Suspension wies dabei eine Temperatur nahe der Raumtemperatur auf, so dass das Eis an den groben Al2O3-Partikeln 1 schmolz. Das frei werdende Wasser initiierte einen Phaseninversionsprozess, bei dem das Wasser das NMP verdrängte und das Polysulfon ausfiel. Das dabei gebildete Polymernetzwerk fixiert die feinen ZrO2-Partikel 2 auf der Oberfläche der groben Al2O3-Partikel 1. Diese Verbundpartikel können sowohl grün, als auch nach einer thermischen Behandlung, bei der die organischen Komponenten entfernt und die feinen ZrO2-Partikel 2 angesintert werden, weiterverarbeitet werden.In 2 a particle composite is shown consisting of particles 1 . 2 is formed with a first and a second particle diameter. For this purpose, a coarse-grained Al 2 O 3 powder with an average particle diameter in the range of d 50 = 1 mm was moistened and frozen. Below were the individual particles 1 with a suspension, in addition to fine ZrO 2 particles 2 Polysulfone and the solvent N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) coated. The suspension had a temperature close to room temperature, so that the ice on the coarse Al 2 O 3 particles 1 melted. The liberated water initiated a phase inversion process in which the water displaced the NMP and the polysulfone precipitated. The resulting polymer network fixes the fine ZrO 2 particles 2 on the surface of the coarse Al 2 O 3 particles 1 , These composite particles can be both green and after a thermal treatment in which removes the organic components and the fine ZrO 2 particles 2 be sintered, further processed.

Claims (13)

Partikel (1) aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff zur Beeinflussung der Schadenstoleranz von Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen, wobei die Partikel (1) in einer Matrix, die aus einem weiteren Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildet ist, eingebettet werden, und jeweils durch Form- und/oder Stoffschluss mit benachbarten Partikeln (1) innerhalb der mit dem Hochtemperaturwerkstoff gebildeten Matrix verbunden sind, und die Partikel (1) zur Ausbildung eines Formschlusses mit benachbarten Partikeln (1) mit mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit einer definierten Oberflächengeometrie ausgebildet sind, und/oder die Partikel (1) zur Ausbildung eines Stoffschlusses in Form von Sinterbrücken mit benachbarten Partikeln (1) mit mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit gebildet sind, die jeweils einen Kern bilden, und der jeweilige Kern mit mindestens einem Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit kleinerer Partikelgröße beschichtet ist.Particles ( 1 ) of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, the particles ( 1 ) are embedded in a matrix which is formed from a further high-temperature material, and in each case by form and / or material connection with adjacent particles ( 1 ) within the matrix formed with the high-temperature material, and the particles ( 1 ) for forming a positive connection with adjacent particles ( 1 ) are formed with at least one ceramic material and / or composite material having a defined surface geometry, and / or the particles ( 1 ) to form a material bond in the form of sintered bridges with adjacent particles ( 1 ) are formed with at least one ceramic material and / or Werkstoffkomposit, each forming a core, and the respective core is coated with at least one material and / or composite material having a smaller particle size. Partikel (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine definierte Oberflächengeometrie mittels Ausformungen in Form von Haken, Zacken, Ösen, Vertiefungen, Erhebungen oder Hinterschneidungen gebildet ist.Particles ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that a defined surface geometry is formed by means of formations in the form of hooks, teeth, eyes, recesses, elevations or undercuts. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel (1) der Beschichtung (2) um ein Vielfaches im Bereich des 3-fachen bis 100.000-fachen kleiner als der Kern oder Partikel (1), mit dem der Kern gebildet ist, sind.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles ( 1 ) of the coating ( 2 ) by a multiple in the range of 3 times to 100,000 times smaller than the core or particles ( 1 ), with which the core is formed, are. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beschichteten Kerne und die Partikel (1) der Beschichtung (2) aus dem gleichen Werkstoff oder Werkstoffkomposit gebildet sind.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coated cores and the particles ( 1 ) of the coating ( 2 ) are formed of the same material or Werkstoffkomposit. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beschichteten Kerne und die Partikel (1) der Beschichtung (2) aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen oder Werkstoffkompositen gebildet sind.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coated cores and the particles ( 1 ) of the coating ( 2 ) are formed of different materials or composite materials. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel (1) mit oxidischen keramischen Werkstoffen, ausgewählt aus Al2O3, MgO, CaO, ZrO2, TiO2 und Y2O3 und/oder nichtoxidischen keramischen Werkstoffen, ausgewählt aus Si3N4, BN, SiC und AlN gebildet sind.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles ( 1 ) are formed with oxidic ceramic materials selected from Al 2 O 3 , MgO, CaO, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 and Y 2 O 3 and / or non-oxide ceramic materials selected from Si 3 N 4 , BN, SiC and AlN. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Partikel (1) oder Kern bildenden keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit ein metallischer Werkstoff oder ein metallisches Material, bevorzugt ausgewählt aus Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Si, Mo, Cu oder Nb enthalten ist.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a particle ( 1 ) or core-forming ceramic material and / or Werkstoffkomposit a metallic Material or a metallic material, preferably selected from Fe, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, Si, Mo, Cu or Nb is contained. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem Partikel (1) oder Kern bildenden keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit Fasern, die bevorzugt aus Al2O3, CaO, ZrO2, TiO2 , Y2O3, Si3N4, SiC oder AlN gebildet sind, enthalten sind.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a particle ( 1 ) or core-forming ceramic material and / or composite material fibers, which are preferably formed from Al 2 O 3 , CaO, ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , SiC or AlN. Partikel (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel (1) eine Breite, Höhe und/oder Tiefe im Bereich von 10 μm bis 5 mm, bevorzugt 100 μm bis 1 mm, aufweisen.Particles ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particles ( 1 ) have a width, height and / or depth in the range of 10 μm to 5 mm, preferably 100 μm to 1 mm. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Partikels (1) aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff zur Beeinflussung der Schadenstoleranz von Hochtemperaturwerkstoffen nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem zur Ausbildung einer definierten geometrischen Form Partikel (1) aus mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit in Form einer Paste oder Suspension, in der pulverförmige(r) keramische(r) Werkstoff(e) und mindestens eine Flüssigkeit enthalten sind, durch ein Gießverfahren in Formen mit definierter Form und Dimensionierung und/oder durch ein Pressverfahren, ein Druckverfahren oder Extrudieren mit einer anschließenden mechanischen formgebenden Bearbeitung mit einer definierten geometrischen Form und Dimensionierung gebildet werden, und/oder zur Ausbildung einer Beschichtung (2) Kerne aus mindestens einem keramischen Werkstoff und/oder Werkstoffkomposit mit einer Suspension, in der pulverförmige(r) keramische(r) Werkstoff(e) mit einem kleineren Partikeldurchmesser als dem Durchmesser des jeweiligen Kerns oder des jeweiligen Partikels (1), aus dem der Kern gebildet ist, und mindestens eine Flüssigkeit enthalten sind, beschichtet werden, oder Kerne befeuchtet und eingefroren, und mit mindestens einem pulverförmigen keramischen Werkstoff mit kleinerem Partikeldurchmesser oder einer Suspension, in der pulverförmige(r) keramische(r) Werkstoff(e) mit einem kleineren Partikeldurchmesser als dem Durchmesser des jeweiligen Kerns oder des jeweiligen Partikels (1), aus dem der Kern gebildet ist, und mindestens eine Flüssigkeit enthalten sind, beschichtet und anschließend getrocknet werden, und die gebildeten Partikel (1) zum Entfernen organischer Bestandteile und/oder der Flüssigkeit einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen werden.Method for producing a particle ( 1 ) of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials according to one of the preceding claims, in which particles (in order to form a defined geometric shape) 1 ) of at least one ceramic material and / or composite material in the form of a paste or suspension, in which powdered ceramic material (s) and at least one liquid are contained, by a casting process in molds with defined shape and dimensioning and / or by a pressing process, a printing process or extrusion with a subsequent mechanical shaping treatment with a defined geometric shape and dimensioning, and / or for forming a coating ( 2 ) Cores of at least one ceramic material and / or composite material with a suspension, in the powdered ceramic material (s) having a smaller particle diameter than the diameter of the respective core or of the respective particle ( 1 ), from which the core is formed, and at least one liquid are contained, coated, or cores moistened and frozen, and with at least one powdered ceramic material with a smaller particle diameter or a suspension, in the powdered ceramic material (s) (e) having a smaller particle diameter than the diameter of the respective core or particle ( 1 ), from which the core is formed, and at least one liquid are contained, coated and then dried, and the particles formed ( 1 ) are subjected to a heat treatment for removing organic constituents and / or the liquid. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den keramischen Werkstoffen und/oder Werkstoffkompositen enthaltener Kohlenstoff durch eine Wärmebehandlung entfernt wird.Method according to claim 10, characterized in that carbon contained in the ceramic materials and / or material composites is removed by a heat treatment. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine mechanische formgebende Bearbeitung zur Ausbildung einer definierten geometrischen Form der Partikel (1) durch Stanzen, Schneiden, Laserbearbeitung oder eine Extrusion eines gebildeten Grünkörpers erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that a mechanical shaping treatment for forming a defined geometric shape of the particles ( 1 ) by punching, cutting, laser machining or extrusion of a formed green body. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel (1) mit anderen Partikeln in einen Matrixwerkstoff des Hochtemperaturwerkstoffs eingebracht, Partikel (1) und Matrixwerkstoff vermischt werden und anschließend eine zur Sinterung führende Wärmebehandlung durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the particles ( 1 ) are introduced with other particles into a matrix material of the high-temperature material, particles ( 1 ) and matrix material are mixed and then a sintering leading to heat treatment is performed.
DE102016219114.4A 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation Withdrawn DE102016219114A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016219114.4A DE102016219114A1 (en) 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016219114.4A DE102016219114A1 (en) 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE102016219114A1 true DE102016219114A1 (en) 2018-04-05

Family

ID=61623702

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE102016219114.4A Withdrawn DE102016219114A1 (en) 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102016219114A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116102342A (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-05-12 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 High damage tolerance alumina composite ceramic and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3842403C1 (en) 1988-12-16 1990-01-18 Radex-Heraklith Industriebeteiligungs Ag, Wien, At
DE69923474T2 (en) 1998-11-04 2005-07-07 Engelhard Corp. STARTER ALUMINUM OXIDE EXTRUDATES AND BASED CATALYST

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3842403C1 (en) 1988-12-16 1990-01-18 Radex-Heraklith Industriebeteiligungs Ag, Wien, At
DE69923474T2 (en) 1998-11-04 2005-07-07 Engelhard Corp. STARTER ALUMINUM OXIDE EXTRUDATES AND BASED CATALYST

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116102342A (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-05-12 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 High damage tolerance alumina composite ceramic and preparation method thereof
CN116102342B (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-12-01 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 High damage tolerance alumina composite ceramic and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0285778B1 (en) Method for production of a compound gas turbine blade consisting of a foot, blade and head piece, whereby the blade is made from a dispersion hardened nickel based super-alloy; and compound blade produced using this method
DE102005008900B4 (en) Process for producing gastight and temperature-resistant modules with ceramic hollow fiber or capillary membranes
EP3253513A1 (en) Method for producing a component from a superalloy by way of a powder-bed-based additive production method and component made from a superalloy
DE102014206035A1 (en) Refractory composite material and method of manufacturing a refractory composite material
WO2018206250A1 (en) Additive manufacturing of metal matrix composite materials
EP2337645B1 (en) Method for producing a casting mould for casting highly-reactive melts
DE102008021507A1 (en) Process for the production of ceramic objects by means of selective laser melting
EP0074978A1 (en) Ceramic filter, method for manufacturing and utilizing this filter
DE112013004948T5 (en) Precision casting mold and process for its production
DE102020108196B4 (en) Process for producing a ceramic, silicate-free investment casting mold for the production of investment castings from higher-melting metals and use of a ceramic, silicate-free investment casting mold for the production of investment castings from higher-melting metals
DE102016219114A1 (en) Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing the damage tolerance of high-temperature materials, and process for their preparation
DE102006031583A1 (en) Process for the production of carbide ceramic components, precast composite for the production of carbide ceramic components and carbide ceramic component composite
EP1769197A1 (en) Glow plug and methods for the production thereof
WO2020254485A1 (en) Metering device for withdrawing and dispensing a melt and method for producing the metering device
EP2343143A2 (en) Method for producing components from refractory metals
DE112017006597B4 (en) Porous honeycomb filter
DE2534050A1 (en) PROCESS FOR JOINING TWO METALLIC MOLDED PARTS
DE102007004243B4 (en) Method for producing a composite body and composite body
DE102016219109A1 (en) Particles of a refractory ceramic material for influencing crack formation in high-temperature materials and process for their preparation
DE102005029039B4 (en) Production process for mold with non-stick coating
DE19814018A1 (en) Ceramic-polymer, ceramic-ceramic or ceramic-metal composite, e.g. a piezoceramic-polymer composite for an ultrasonic transducer
EP3173392B1 (en) Method for producing ceramic parts
DE112013004932T5 (en) Investment casting mold and method for producing the same
DE102004008691A1 (en) Production of shaped bodies for construction of light metal castings, used in production of Al strands (sic) through ceramic nozzles, ingot mold rings, intermediate tubes, sleeves (sic) and/or heating head rings
DE102012020829A1 (en) Powder mixture, useful to produce metallic/ceramic sintered components, which are formed from two fractions, where one of the fraction is made of regular or spherical shaped particles, and other fraction is made of plate-shaped particles

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
R012 Request for examination validly filed
R081 Change of applicant/patentee

Owner name: TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERG, DE

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V., 80686 MUENCHEN, DE

R082 Change of representative

Representative=s name: PFENNING, MEINIG & PARTNER MBB PATENTANWAELTE, DE

R016 Response to examination communication
R016 Response to examination communication
R081 Change of applicant/patentee

Owner name: TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERG, DE

Free format text: FORMER OWNERS: FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V., 80686 MUENCHEN, DE; TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERG, 09599 FREIBERG, DE

R119 Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee