DE102016212535B4 - Device for speed monitoring of a shaft and turbo machine with a device for speed monitoring - Google Patents
Device for speed monitoring of a shaft and turbo machine with a device for speed monitoring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102016212535B4 DE102016212535B4 DE102016212535.4A DE102016212535A DE102016212535B4 DE 102016212535 B4 DE102016212535 B4 DE 102016212535B4 DE 102016212535 A DE102016212535 A DE 102016212535A DE 102016212535 B4 DE102016212535 B4 DE 102016212535B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- speed
- coupling
- measuring device
- structural element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
- F01D21/045—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position special arrangements in stators or in rotors dealing with breaking-off of part of rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
- F01D21/08—Restoring position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05D2270/304—Spool rotational speed
Abstract
Vorrichtung zur Drehzahlüberwachung einer Welle (106, 107, 108) einer Turbomaschine (100) mit einer Drehzahlmessvorrichtung (50) zur Messung der Drehzahl der Welle (106, 107, 108) im Normalbetrieb, wobei die Drehzahlmessvorrichtung (50) an einem feststehenden Strukturelement (60) der Turbomaschine (100) angeordnet ist, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens eine elastische Kupplung (51) in der Welle (106, 107, 108) zum Ausgleich von radialen und / oder axialen Relativbewegungen zwischen der Drehzahlmessvorrichtung (50) und der Welle (106, 107, 108) und mindestens ein Trockenlager (52) zur Lagerung der Welle (106, 107, 108) .Device for speed monitoring of a shaft (106, 107, 108) of a turbo machine (100) with a speed measuring device (50) for measuring the speed of the shaft (106, 107, 108) in normal operation, the speed measuring device (50) on a fixed structural element ( 60) of the turbomachine (100) is arranged, characterized by at least one elastic coupling (51) in the shaft (106, 107, 108) to compensate for radial and / or axial relative movements between the speed measuring device (50) and the shaft (106, 107, 108) and at least one dry storage (52) for supporting the shaft (106, 107, 108).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Drehzahlüberwachung einer Welle mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und eine Turbomaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8.The invention relates to a device for monitoring the speed of a shaft with the features of claim 1 and a turbo machine with the features of claim 8.
Die Überwachung, insbesondere die Messung der Drehzahl einer Welle in einer Turbomaschine (z.B. eines Flugzeugtriebwerkes), erfolgt insbesondere, um die Turbomaschine zu regeln, zu schützen und zu überwachen.The monitoring, in particular the measurement of the speed of a shaft in a turbo machine (e.g. an aircraft engine), is carried out in particular to regulate, protect and monitor the turbo machine.
Dabei ist es bekannt, Drehzahlmessungen unter Verwendung von elektromagnetischen Messprinzipien vorzunehmen. Dabei wird z.B. ein ferromagnetisches Teil, das auch als phonisches Rad bezeichnet wird, durch ein magnetisches Feld eines elektronischen Messinstrumentes - dem Drehzahlmesser - bewegt. Das phonische Rad weist eine teilweise magnetisierte Struktur auf, die bei der Rotation ein elektromagnetisches Signal abgibt, aus dem die Drehzahl ermittelbar ist.It is known to carry out speed measurements using electromagnetic measuring principles. E.g. a ferromagnetic part, also known as a phonic wheel, is moved by a magnetic field of an electronic measuring instrument - the tachometer. The phonic wheel has a partially magnetized structure which, when rotating, emits an electromagnetic signal from which the speed can be determined.
Durch ein Schadensereignis in einem Flugzeugtriebwerk, wie z.B. einem Vogelflugschaden, einem Fan-blade-off Ereignis, einem Lagerschaden oder einem Wellenbruch kann es zur einer Fehlausrichtung der Triebwerkkomponenten kommen, die dazu führt, dass das phonische Rad den Drehzahlmesser berührt. Dies führt häufig zu Beschädigungen der Messvorrichtung und zum Verlust der Regel- und Schutzfunktion und damit letztlich zu einem Abschalten des Triebwerks.A damage event in an aircraft engine, e.g. A bird flight damage, a fan blade-off event, a bearing damage or a broken shaft can lead to a misalignment of the engine components, which leads to the phonic wheel touching the tachometer. This often leads to damage to the measuring device and to the loss of the control and protective function and thus ultimately to shutdown of the engine.
Die
In der
Die
In der
Die
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, eine Turbomaschine, z.B. ein Flugzeugtriebwerk, insbesondere robust gegenüber Schadensereignissen auszustatten.It is therefore an object to develop a turbo machine, e.g. to equip an aircraft engine, in particular robust against damage events.
Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung zur Drehzahlüberwachung einer Welle mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a device for monitoring the speed of a shaft having the features of claim 1.
Dabei dient mindestens eine elastische Kupplung in der Welle zum Ausgleich von radialen und / oder axialen Relativbewegungen zwischen der Drehzahlmessvorrichtung und der Welle. Ferner dient mindestens ein Trockenlager zur Lagerung der Welle. Beide konstruktiven Elemente, die elastische Kupplung und das Trockenlager sorgen insbesondere im Falle eines Schadenereignisses für eine Stabilisierung der Welle und verhindern so, dass die Drehzahlmessvorrichtung beschädigt oder zerstört wird.At least one elastic coupling in the shaft serves to compensate for radial and / or axial relative movements between the speed measuring device and the shaft. Furthermore, at least one dry bearing is used to support the shaft. Both structural elements, the elastic coupling and the dry bearing, ensure stabilization of the shaft, especially in the event of a damage event, and thus prevent the rotational speed measuring device from being damaged or destroyed.
In einer Ausführungsform ist die mindestens eine elastische Kupplung als Bolzenkupplung, Klauenkupplung, Verdrehfederkupplung, metallelastische Kupplung, insbesondere als Schlangenfederkupplung oder als eine Schraubenfederkupplung ausgebildet. Diese Kupplungsbauformen können je nach Anforderung an die Übertragung des Drehmoments eingestellt werden.In one embodiment, the at least one elastic coupling is designed as a pin coupling, claw coupling, torsion spring coupling, metal-elastic coupling, in particular as a serpentine spring coupling or as a helical spring coupling. These coupling designs can be adjusted depending on the requirements for the transmission of the torque.
Auch kann in einer Ausführungsform das mindestens eine Trockenlager eine keramische Anlauffläche aufweisen oder aus Keramik bestehen. Dabei kann das Trockenlager insbesondere umlaufend in der Turbomaschine angeordnet sein, so dass sich ein sicherer Halt ergibt.In one embodiment, the at least one dry bearing can also have a ceramic contact surface or consist of ceramic. In this case, the dry store can in particular be arranged circumferentially in the turbo machine, so that a secure hold results.
Für eine stabile Anordnung kann das mindestens eine Trockenlager an einem feststehenden Strukturelement angeordnet sein, insbesondere am gleichen feststehenden Strukturelement wie die Drehzahlmessvorrichtung. Das feststehende Strukturelement kann z.B. ein Teil des Turbinengehäuses sein.For a stable arrangement, the at least one dry store can be arranged on a stationary structural element, in particular on the same stationary structural element as the rotational speed measuring device. The fixed structural element can e.g. be part of the turbine housing.
Die Aufgabe wird auch durch eine Turbomaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8 gelöst.The object is also achieved by a turbo machine with the features of claim 8.
In Zusammenhang mit den in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung erläutert. Dabei zeigt
-
1 eine schematische Darstellung eine Flugzeugtriebwerkes; -
2 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Drehzahlüberwachung.
-
1 a schematic representation of an aircraft engine; -
2 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device for speed monitoring.
In
Dabei weisen die Fanstufe
Für eine Auslegung der Turbomaschine
In
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Vorrichtung aber auch an der Hochdruckwelle
Dabei ist eine Drehzahlmessvorrichtung
In der Niederdruckwelle
Eine elastische Kupplung dient grundsätzlich der Minderung von auftretenden Drehmomentspitzen, der Verringerung der Ausschläge bei periodischen Drehmomentschwankungen (Schwingungen) und der Beeinflussung von Eigenfrequenzen. Die Stoßminderung beruht in erster Linie auf der Speicherwirkung der elastischen Elemente in der elastischen Kupplung. Dabei kann eine elastische Kupplung
Bei einer Schlangenfederkupplung dienen z.B. metallische in schlangenform gebogene Stahlfedern als elastisches Element. Bei einer Schraubenfederkupplung dienen vorgespannte Schraubendruckfedern als elastische Elemente.In the case of a snake spring clutch, e.g. metallic steel springs bent in a snake shape as an elastic element. In a helical spring clutch, preloaded helical compression springs serve as elastic elements.
Durch die flexible Kupplung
Des Weiteren wird die Robustheit der Lagerung durch ein Trockenlager
BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols
- 5050
- DrehzahlmessvorrichtungSpeed measuring device
- 5151
- flexible Kupplungflexible coupling
- 5252
- Trockenlager Dry storage
- 6060
- feststehendes Strukturelement fixed structural element
- 100100
- Turbomaschine, FlugzeugtriebwerkTurbomachine, aircraft engine
- 101101
- FanstufeFan level
- 102102
- Niederdruck-KompressorstufeLow pressure compressor stage
- 103103
- Hochdruck-KompressorstufeHigh pressure compressor stage
- 104104
- BrennkammerCombustion chamber
- 105105
- TurbinenstufenTurbine stages
- 106106
- HochdruckwelleHigh pressure wave
- 107107
- MitteldruckwelleMedium pressure wave
- 108108
- NiederdruckwelleLow pressure wave
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016212535.4A DE102016212535B4 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Device for speed monitoring of a shaft and turbo machine with a device for speed monitoring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016212535.4A DE102016212535B4 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Device for speed monitoring of a shaft and turbo machine with a device for speed monitoring |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102016212535A1 DE102016212535A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
DE102016212535B4 true DE102016212535B4 (en) | 2020-11-05 |
Family
ID=57467375
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102016212535.4A Expired - Fee Related DE102016212535B4 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Device for speed monitoring of a shaft and turbo machine with a device for speed monitoring |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102016212535B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3075864B1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-11-15 | Safran Aircraft Engines | TURBOMACHINE COMPRISING A TURBINE-DISCHARGING BLOWER THROUGH AN ELASTICALLY REMOVABLE CURVIC COUPLING |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1136538B (en) * | 1961-03-02 | 1962-09-13 | Daimler Benz Ag | Fuel control system for gas turbine engines |
DE4127395A1 (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-02-25 | Siemens Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING AND LOCATING CHANGES ON A COMPONENT OF A TURBINE |
US5787711A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1998-08-04 | Turbodyne Systems, Inc. | Motor-assisted turbo-cooling system for internal combustion engines |
DE102012213961A1 (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for determining rotation speed of e.g. turbo supercharger of gasoline engine of motor car, has adapter including resilient clutch and fastened to compressor by resilient clutch that is partly made of acoustic absorbing material |
DE102013101791A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Aircraft gas turbine with a first rotatable shaft |
-
2016
- 2016-07-08 DE DE102016212535.4A patent/DE102016212535B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1136538B (en) * | 1961-03-02 | 1962-09-13 | Daimler Benz Ag | Fuel control system for gas turbine engines |
DE4127395A1 (en) * | 1991-08-19 | 1993-02-25 | Siemens Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING AND LOCATING CHANGES ON A COMPONENT OF A TURBINE |
US5787711A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1998-08-04 | Turbodyne Systems, Inc. | Motor-assisted turbo-cooling system for internal combustion engines |
DE102012213961A1 (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for determining rotation speed of e.g. turbo supercharger of gasoline engine of motor car, has adapter including resilient clutch and fastened to compressor by resilient clutch that is partly made of acoustic absorbing material |
DE102013101791A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Aircraft gas turbine with a first rotatable shaft |
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DE102016212535A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 |
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