DE102016203683A1 - Cooler for cooling hot bulk material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cooler (10) for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, comprising a ventilation floor (12) for receiving the bulk material, a first aeration chamber (14) which is arranged above the aeration floor (12) and a plurality of side walls (18), a second ventilation chamber (16) disposed below the aeration floor (12) and having a plurality of side walls (20, 22, 24). At least one side wall (18, 20, 22, 24) of the first and / or the second aeration chamber (14, 16) comprises a material which is formed from a mixture of a filler and a binder. The invention further relates to a method for producing a cooler (10) for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, comprising a ventilation floor (12) through which cooling gas can flow, for receiving the bulk material, a first ventilation chamber (14) which is located above the ventilation floor (12). arranged and having a plurality of side walls (18), a second ventilation chamber (16) which is arranged below the ventilation floor (12) and a plurality of side walls (20, 22, 24), wherein at least one of the side walls (18, 20, 22, 24) of the first and / or the second breather chamber (14, 16) is cast from a material comprising a mixture of a filler and a binder.

Description

The invention relates to a cooler for cooling hot bulk material, in particular cement clinker, and to a method for producing a cooler.

For cooling of hot bulk material, such as cement clinker, it is known that the bulk material is fed to a through-flow of cooling gas vent bottom of a radiator. The hot bulk material is then moved for cooling from one end of the radiator to the other end and flows through it by cooling gas.

For the transport of the bulk material from the radiator start to the radiator end various possibilities are known. In a so-called sliding grate cooler, the bulk material is transported by means of movable conveying elements which move in the conveying direction and counter to the conveying direction. The conveying elements have a thrust edge, which transport the material in the conveying direction.

From the DE 100 18 142 B4 a cooler is known, which has a ventilation floor with a plurality of in the conveying direction and against the conveying direction movable conveying elements. By a suitable movement pattern in the forward and return stroke, the material is transported in the conveying direction.

From the EP 1021692 B2 a cooler is known which has a plurality of conveying elements movable in the conveying direction and counter to the conveying direction. The conveying elements are mounted on a frame structure, which are mounted on the machine frame via bearings. The conveying elements have a shape that allow transport in the conveying direction.

The coolers known from the prior art each have a ventilation chamber above and below the ventilation floor, wherein the bulk material lying on the ventilation floor is cooled in the transverse flow. The installation of such cooler is relatively expensive, in addition, in particular, the material costs are relatively high and the maintenance is time-consuming and costly.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a radiator that brings a simple and inexpensive installation and maintenance with it.

This object is achieved by a cooler with the features of the independent device claim 1, and a method for manufacturing a radiator according to the independent method claim 11. Advantageous developments emerge from the dependent claims.

According to a first aspect, a cooler for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, comprises a ventilation floor for receiving the bulk material, a first ventilation chamber which is arranged above the ventilation floor and has a plurality of side walls and a second ventilation chamber which is below the ventilation floor is arranged and has a plurality of side walls. At least one side wall of the first and / or the second aeration chamber comprises a material which is formed from a mixture of a filler and a binder.

Such a cooler is connected downstream of a rotary kiln of a cement plant, in particular for cooling cement clinker, so that from the rotary kiln escaping cement clinker moves in the conveying direction from one end of the radiator to the opposite end of the radiator and thereby flows through with cooling gas.

The ventilation floor of the cooler is preferably stationary and at least one conveying device is provided, which is arranged for transporting the bulk material in the conveying direction and counter to the conveying direction movable back and forth. Preferably, the cooler has drive means, such as a hydraulic actuator, for driving the conveyor.

The bulk material to be cooled is received on the stationary ventilation floor, wherein the ventilation floor is preferably plate-shaped and has a plurality of passages through which cooling gas, for example by means of a fan, flows from below the ventilation floor up through the ventilation floor. The ventilation floor further preferably has a plurality of slits extending in the conveying direction, through which the conveyor extends. The conveying device is arranged in particular at least partially above the ventilation floor and has a plurality of transversely extending to the conveying direction drivers, which are arranged spaced apart on the extending in the conveying direction area. The cooler preferably has a plurality of conveyors, which are movable independently of each other.

The first and second ventilation chambers are in particular arranged such that cooling air can be flowed from the second ventilation chamber through the ventilation floor into the first ventilation chamber.

The side walls of the first and second ventilation chambers close off the respective ventilation chambers from the environment and preferably form the housing of the radiator. In particular, the first and the second ventilation chamber each have at least four side walls, which close the ventilation chambers against the environment, in particular airtight.

The material of a mixture of a filler and a binder comprises, for example, a concrete or a polymer concrete. A binder means substances through which solid substances, such as, for example, powder, sands or gravels, are bonded to one another, in particular adhesively bonded. Binders are preferably added in liquid or pasty form to the fillers to be bound. The hardened together with the filler binder forms a new, solid material. Binders include, for example, hydraulic binders that cure both in the air and under water, such as cement, mixed binders or pozzolans. Further, binders do not include hydraulic binders (air binders), such as air lime, gypsum or clay, which cure only in the air. In addition, organic binders, such as polyester resins, epoxy resins or bitumen, for example, wherein the bond can be made on a ceramic basis in a sintering process.

Fillers are materials based on mineral substances, such as gravel, sand or rock flour.

The formation of the sidewalls of the first and second breather chambers of the cooler of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder provides a cost effective way of producing the cooler. In particular, the material offers the possibility to produce the relatively large side walls by casting on site and thus save a complex transport. As the cooler is particularly a cement clinker cooler, the cement is readily available as a binder on site. Also, maintenance in a wear case are simple and inexpensive feasible on such a side wall.

According to a first embodiment, at least one side wall of the first and / or the second ventilation chamber is formed at least partially from a concrete or a polymer concrete.

The material of at least one sidewall further includes, for example, a composite of a concrete such as reinforced concrete or fiber concrete, with addition of steel, plastic or glass fibers to a concrete. For example, the material comprises a mineral casting or polymer concrete, wherein the binder comprises a resin, in particular epoxy resin, and the filler comprises quartz gravel, quartz sand and / or rock flour.

The side walls of the first and the second ventilation chamber form outer walls of the radiator according to a further embodiment. In particular, at least one of the side walls is an outer wall of the radiator.

According to another embodiment, each of the side walls of the first and second breather chambers is formed entirely of a material formed from a mixture of a filler and a binder. The side walls are in particular not formed of a metal, in particular not of steel or sheet metal.

According to a further embodiment, the first ventilation chamber has roof elements, which are connected to the side walls, wherein the roof elements are formed from a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder. The roof elements are used in particular to complete the first ventilation chamber with respect to the environment. The roof elements are preferably arranged on the side of the first ventilation chamber opposite the ventilation floor. Also, the formation of the roof elements of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder provides a simple and inexpensive way of producing the radiator.

Within the second ventilation chamber, according to a further embodiment, a plurality of transverse walls extending transversely to the conveying direction are arranged, which are formed from a material consisting of a mixture of a filler and a binder. The intermediate walls are arranged in particular within the second ventilation chamber in such a way that they divide the second ventilation chamber into a plurality of chambers and close them against each other. By way of example, streams of cooling air having different temperatures or different volume flows are introduced into the cooler at different chambers of the second ventilation chamber and flow through the ventilation base at different regions. An embodiment of these intermediate walls made of a mixture of a filler and a binder additionally allows a simple retrofitting of such intermediate walls, wherein these can be adapted individually to the geometry of the second ventilation chamber by the relatively simple production.

In at least one of the side walls openings are according to another embodiment arranged. Such openings serve, for example, the maintenance of the radiator and provide access to the interior of at least one of the ventilation chambers. In particular, a door for closing the opening is arranged. In at least one of the side walls of the second ventilation chamber openings are preferably attached, which are connected to a cooling air supply, so that through these openings cooling air flows into the second ventilation chamber. For easy connection of, for example, doors and for supplying cooling air, steel frames are preferably cast in the openings.

According to a further embodiment, at least one of the side walls has a plurality of wall segments which are connected to one another. The wall segments are attached to a frame, for example. A plurality of wall segments offers the possibility of a modular construction and thus a simple and cost-effective production and installation of the radiator.

The wall segments are connected to each other according to a further embodiment by means of a plug connection. A connector allows a quick and easy installation of the cooler, in addition, the replacement of individual, such as damaged wall elements is easily possible.

According to a further embodiment, a refractory lining is attached to the inside of at least one of the side walls. Under a refractory lining is in particular a wall to understand, which is arranged parallel to the side wall to which it is attached. In particular, the refractory lining is formed of a refractory material. Between the refractory lining and the respective side wall, a gap is preferably arranged, which may for example be filled with an insulating material. Preferably, the refractory lining is stretchably mounted relative to the sidewall so that temperature-induced thermal expansion of the refractory lining relative to the sidewall is possible. In particular, the refractory lining is attached to the sidewall by means of a floating connection so that relative movement of the refractory lining to the sidewall is possible. The thermal expansion of the side wall and the refractory lining are different due to temperature differences, whereby the different temperature expansion is compensated by means of the floating connection, so that tensions of the refractory lining are avoided.

The invention further comprises a method for producing a cooler for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, comprising a ventilation floor for receiving the bulk material, a first ventilation chamber, which is arranged above the ventilation floor and has a plurality of side walls, a second aeration chamber, which is arranged below the ventilation floor and has a plurality of side walls. At least one of the side walls of the first and / or the second aeration chamber is cast from a material comprising a mixture of a filler and a binder.

The advantages described with respect to the radiator also apply in procedural correspondence to the method of manufacturing a radiator.

Description of the drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures.

1 shows a schematic representation of a section of a radiator in a 3D view according to an embodiment.

2 shows a schematic representation of a section of a radiator in a side view according to an embodiment.

3 shows a schematic representation of a section of a radiator in a 3D view according to an embodiment.

1 to 3 show a cooler 10 for cooling bulk material, such as cement clinker. In particular, such a cooler 10 downstream of a rotary kiln, not shown, a cement plant and cools out of the rotary kiln emerging cement clinker. For cooling, the bulk material is moved in the conveying direction shown by an arrow A. The in 1 illustrated cooler 10 has a ventilation floor 12 for receiving the bulk material. The ventilation floor 12 is stationary and has a plurality of ventilation passages for beating up the on the aeration floor 12 lying to be cooled bulk material with a flowing through the ventilation passages cooling gas flow. The cooling gas flows, for example, through a ventilation unit, not shown, from below through the ventilation floor 12 , The ventilation floor 12 the radiator 10 includes a plurality of aeration floor segments 40 , where in the 1 only four such aeration floor segments 40 are shown. Exemplary are in 1 transverse to the conveying direction A two ventilation floor segments 40 arranged side by side.

The ventilation floor 12 is from a likewise stationary foundation 34 carried, the aeration bottom 12 on the foundation 34 rests and firmly connected to this, for example screwed or welded. The foundation 34 includes in 1 by way of example a plurality of vertical columns on which the aeration floor segments 40 of the ventilation floor 12 rest. Each ventilation floor segment 40 is exemplary of four pillars. It is also conceivable the foundation 34 Run as a strip foundation with extending in the conveying direction A or transverse to the conveying direction A elements. The foundation 34 also includes a floor area on which the columns are mounted.

Each ventilation floor segment 40 has a plurality of substantially in the conveying direction A extending conveyors 36 on. The conveyors 36 are above the ventilation floor 12 arranged and comprise a plurality of extending in the conveying direction areas, on each of which, for example, three transversely to the conveying direction extending drivers are mounted. A ventilation floor segment 40 has, for example, in each case five conveyors arranged side by side transversely to the conveying direction A. 36 on. The conveyors 36 are arranged parallel to each other and transversely to the conveying direction A uniformly spaced.

2 shows a side view of the radiator 10 of the 1 and 3 , wherein the illustrated radiator elements to those of 1 and 3 correspond. Below the ventilation floor 12 is a drive unit 38 arranged, each with a conveyor 36 connected is. In the embodiment of 1 to 3 are a plurality of drive units 38 for driving the conveyors 36 arranged. At the drive unit 38 By way of example, this is a cylinder-piston unit which has its one end on the stationary structure, in particular on the aeration floor, and with its other end on a respective conveyor 36 is appropriate.

In operation of the radiator 10 will each of the conveyors 36 by means of a respective drive unit 38 moved in the conveying direction and against the conveying direction A. In particular, the conveyors 36 moved together in the conveying direction A and moved separately from each other against the conveying direction A. If, for example, bulk material for cooling on the ventilation floor 12 abandoned, this forms a relatively compact unit, which in a common forward stroke of the conveyors 36 can be transported in the conveying direction A. The separate movement of the conveyors 36 contrary to the conveying direction A causes due to friction less bulk material on the carriers of the conveyors 36 is taken as a joint movement of the conveyors 36 , This results overall in a movement of the bulk material along the ventilation floor 12 in conveying direction A.

The cooler 10 further includes a first aeration chamber 14 , above the ventilation floor 12 is arranged. In 1 is only a section of the first ventilation chamber 14 shown. The first aeration chamber covers the entire area above the aeration floor and passes through the side walls 18 the first ventilation chamber 14 completed laterally opposite the environment. The first ventilation chamber 14 has in addition to the illustrated, extending in the conveying direction A side wall 18 at least three more sidewalls on in 1 not shown and the ventilation chamber 14 complete against the environment. 3 shows a section of the radiator 10 , where additionally two roof elements 42 are shown, the first ventilation chamber 14 close up against the environment. Downstairs is the first aeration chamber 14 from the ventilation floor 12 completed. In particular, the side walls serve 18 and the roof elements 42 in addition, the ventilation chamber 14 airtight to complete the environment. In the sidewall 18 is a rectangular recess 30 arranged, for example, forms a maintenance opening.

On the inside of the side walls 18 the first ventilation chamber 14 is a fire protection device 28 appropriate. The fire protection device 28 comprises, for example, a plurality of layers arranged one behind the other, wherein the inside as a ceramic refractory material is selected such that it is temperature-resistant and, in particular, withstands temperatures of 1000-1200 ° C. which occur within the first aeration chamber. Furthermore, the fire protection device 28 an insulating property, wherein the first ventilation chamber 14 isolated from the environment.

Below the ventilation floor 12 is a second ventilation chamber 16 arranged. The second ventilation chamber 16 has a plurality of side walls 20 . 22 . 24 on, which complete the second ventilation chamber from the environment, in particular airtight. In 1 and 3 are only three of the side walls 20 . 22 . 24 the second ventilation chamber 16 shown. Upwards is the second ventilation chamber 16 from the ventilation floor 12 completed. The foundation 34 , in particular the bottom area of the foundation 34 closes the second ventilation chamber 16 down from. Inside the second aeration chamber are the pillars of the foundation 34 and a plurality of transversely to the conveying direction A extending partitions 26 appropriate. The partitions 26 also serve as a support for the aeration floor segments 40 and divide the second ventilation chamber 16 in a plurality of in the conveying direction A successively arranged ventilation chambers.

In the extending in the direction A side walls 22 . 24 the second ventilation chamber 16 are a plurality of openings 32 mounted, which are exemplified rectangular. The openings 32 form, for example, an air inlet for admitting the cooling air in the second ventilation chamber 16 or a maintenance opening. For example, the openings have steel frames cast in the side walls.

The side walls 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 the first and the second ventilation chamber 14 . 16 comprise a material formed from a mixture of a filler and a binder. For example, the side walls 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 completely formed from this material. Also the first aeration chamber 14 upwards closing roof elements 42 are formed of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder.

Such a material comprises, for example, a concrete, wherein the binder preferably cement and the filler comprises, for example, gravel from hard rocks. The material further comprises a composite material of a concrete, such as reinforced concrete or fiber concrete, wherein an addition of steel, plastic or glass fibers to a concrete takes place. For example, the material comprises a mineral casting or polymer concrete, wherein the binder comprises a resin, in particular epoxy resin, and the filler comprises quartz gravel, quartz sand and / or rock flour.

The formation of the side walls 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 the first and the second ventilation chamber 14 . 16 the radiator 10 Made of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder provides a cost effective way to make the cooler 10 , In particular, the material offers the possibility of relatively large side walls 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 Produce locally by casting and thus save a complex transport. As the cooler is particularly a cement clinker cooler, the cement is readily available as a binder on site.

The side walls 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 the first and the second ventilation chamber 14 . 16 the radiator 10 For example, include a plurality of in the 1 to 3 not shown wall segments. The wall segments are fastened together, for example by means of a plug-in connection, so that they are the side walls 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 form.

The side wall 18 the first ventilation chamber 14 has the refractory lining on the inside 28 on. Between the refractory lining 28 and the side wall formed of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder, a gap is formed. This gap allows a different thermal expansion of the refractory lining 28 and the side wall 18 , The refractory lining 28 is attached by means of a floating attachment to the side wall which provides relative movement of the refractory lining 28 to the side wall 18 allows. The floating attachment has in particular ceramic anchoring stones, which are fastened with claws, brackets or clamps on the side walls or elastic metallic anchor hooks, which are also fastened to the side walls.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 cooler

12

 aeration floor

14

first ventilation chamber

16

 second ventilation chamber

18

 Side wall of the first ventilation chamber

20

 wall

22

 wall

24

 wall

26

 partition

28

 Refractory lining

30

 recess

32

 opening

34

 foundation

36

 Conveyor

38

 driving means

40

 Ventilation ground segment

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10018142 B4 [0004]
• EP 1021692 B2 [0005]

Claims (11)

Cooler ( 10 ) for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, having a ventilation base through which cooling gas can flow ( 12 ) for receiving the bulk material, a first aeration chamber ( 14 ) above the aeration floor ( 12 ) is arranged and a plurality of side walls ( 18 ), a second aeration chamber ( 16 ), which are located below the aeration floor ( 12 ) is arranged and a plurality of side walls ( 20 . 22 . 24 ), characterized in that at least one side wall ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) of the first and / or the second aeration chamber ( 14 . 16 ) comprises a material formed from a mixture of a filler and a binder. Cooler ( 10 ) according to claim 1, wherein at least one side wall ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) of the first and / or the second aeration chamber ( 14 . 16 ) is at least partially formed of a concrete or a polymer concrete. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the side walls ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) of the first and the second aeration chamber ( 14 . 16 ) Outer walls of the radiator ( 10 ) form. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the side walls ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) of the first and the second aeration chamber ( 14 . 16 ) are formed entirely of a material which is formed from a mixture of a filler and a binder. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first aeration chamber ( 14 ) Roof elements ( 42 ), which with the side walls ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) and wherein the roof elements ( 42 ) are formed of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein within the second aeration chamber ( 14 ) a plurality of transversely to the conveying direction (A) extending partitions ( 26 ) are arranged, which are formed of a material of a mixture of a filler and a binder. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in at least one of the side walls ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) Openings are arranged. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the side walls ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) has a plurality of wall segments which are interconnected. Cooler ( 10 ) according to claim 8, wherein the wall segments are connected to each other by means of a plug connection. Cooler ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the inside of at least one of the side walls a refractory lining ( 28 ) is attached. Method for producing a cooler ( 10 ) for cooling bulk material, in particular cement clinker, having a ventilation base through which cooling gas can flow ( 12 ) for receiving the bulk material, a first aeration chamber ( 14 ) above the aeration floor ( 12 ) is arranged and a plurality of side walls ( 18 ), a second aeration chamber ( 16 ), which are located below the aeration floor ( 12 ) is arranged and a plurality of side walls ( 20 . 22 . 24 ), characterized in that at least one of the side walls ( 18 . 20 . 22 . 24 ) of the first and / or the second aeration chamber ( 14 . 16 ) is cast from a material comprising a mixture of a filler and a binder.

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