DE102016111223A1 - Method for producing a material mixture comprising a filler and method for producing a molding with the material mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a flowable material mixture (1) having a filler (2) with at least the following steps: filling a certain amount of free - flowing, solid filler (2) into a container (3), attaching an injection unit (4) the container (3) such that the container (3) by a cover (5) is sealed to the environment and an outlet (6) of the injection unit (4) into the interior (7) of the container (3) opens, and injecting a from at least two different plastic components existing reaction mixture (8) by means of the injection unit (4) in the container (3) such that the filler (2) with the reaction mixture (8), to form the material mixture (1) is mixed; and a method for producing a molded part (19) by means of the material mixture (1) produced by the method.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a flowable, preferably at least partially liquid / dough-like material mixture comprising a filler. Furthermore, the invention again relates to a method for producing a molded part which is at least partially provided with this (then solidified) material mixture. In particular, in the process for producing a flowable material mixture comprising a filler, an expandable graphite (also referred to as expandable graphite) is used as filler, preferably in polyurethane production / processing.

Manufacturing process for such generic material mixtures are already known in principle from the prior art. The DE 297 04 560 U1 discloses in this context, for example, a high-pressure mixing head for mixing at least two reactive plastic components, wherein solid particles, for example. In the form of expandable graphite, by means of centrifugal wheels against a liquid curtain, which emerges from the mixing head, are thrown. Thus, a processing of fillers in the form of expanded graphite in the manufacture of a material mixture is already known.

The processing of fillers in polyurethane processing has the particular advantage that the mechanical, thermal or chemical properties of these fillers can be used for the final molded part / component or a cost advantage can be achieved. Especially with expandable graphite, which is widely used as flame retardant in many applications (preferably in passenger cars, such as engine covers, transportation, such as aircraft seats or train seats, and in the construction industry, such as thermal insulation), however, processing is often difficult ,

In this case, it should in particular be mentioned as a disadvantage that in the known processes in which the filler, in particular an expandable graphite, is to be premixed in one of the reactive components / plastic components of the reaction mixture, a high mechanical load of this filler is often already prior to the actual production of the molding. Component or the material mixture takes place. Although measures to date, such as low pressure bypasses (material is recirculated through large cross sections to avoid breakage of the filler / graphite), large nozzle cross sections of the mixing nozzles (avoidance of excessive shear of the filler / graphite platelets) and gentle mixing and small vessel sizes (rapid material exchange in Production), the fracture-sensitive filler often can not be continuously processed in the process. In the case of external addition (processing via a dynamic mixing element), in addition to the relatively difficult adherence to the required percentage target quantity, especially with small component weights, there is the risk of rapid soiling of the respective mixing element. Furthermore, the rather large dimensions of these assemblies hinder the handling of the entry of the reaction mixture into a tool with a small or geometrically complex cavity volume. In most cases, almost all methods have the disadvantage that the change in the percentage of filler in the component is difficult or impossible from component to component variable adjustable. In premixed (batched) systems, the proportion is nearly constant to keep the mixing ratio the same. With external metering, the sudden change due to long control paths and geometric restrictions, for example due to a metering screw, is relatively difficult to implement only by previously determined setting parameters.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages known from the prior art and in particular to provide a production process by which a material mixture exhibiting a filler is to be produced whose filler prior to molding of the finished molding as little as possible or not at all should be mechanically loaded.

• a) Einfüllen einer bestimmten Menge eines rieselfähigen, festen (sowie beispielsweise trockenen/getrockneten) Füllstoffs in einen Behälter,
• b) Anbringen einer Injektionseinheit auf dem Behälter derart, dass der Behälter durch einen Deckel etwa der Injektionseinheit zur Umgebung hin abgedichtet wird/ist und ein Auslass der Injektionseinheit ins Innere des Behälters mündet, und
• c) Einspritzen eines vorzugsweise flüssigen, aus zumindest zwei verschiedenen Kunststoffkomponenten bestehenden (Kunststoff-)Reaktionsgemisches mittels der Injektionseinheit (über den Auslass) in den Behälter derart, dass der Füllstoff mit dem Reaktionsgemisch, unter Ausbildung des Materialgemisches, vermischt wird.

This is achieved by the features of claim 1, wherein the method for producing the flowable material mixture comprising a filler has at least the following steps:

• a) filling a certain amount of a free-flowing, solid (and for example dry / dried) filler into a container,
• b) attaching an injection unit to the container such that the container is / is sealed to the environment by a lid, such as the injection unit, and an outlet of the injection unit opens into the interior of the container, and
• c) injecting a preferably liquid, consisting of at least two different plastic components (plastic) reaction mixture by means of the injection unit (via the outlet) into the container such that the filler is mixed with the reaction mixture, forming the material mixture.

By such a mixing of the material mixture in a container, the filler is only relatively weakly mechanically loaded before the actual bonding with the individual components of the preferably thermosetting reaction mixture as well as before the final introduction into a tool. This shows the filler particles in the Material mixture as precise as possible the intended size and shape. This allows the implementation of a particularly efficient material mixture, which ultimately, after curing to a finished molded part, its desired function, such as thermal insulation and / or a fire protection function.

Further advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and explained in more detail below.

If the method steps a), b) and c) listed in claim 1 are carried out in chronological succession, the method can be automated particularly easily.

If the injection unit has a mixing element, preferably a mixing head / reaction mixing head, the reaction mixture can be brought into contact with the filler on a relatively short conveying path immediately after the first mixing of the two / at least two components. As a result, external influences on the reaction mixture are minimized as far as possible.

It is furthermore advantageous if the amount of free-flowing, solid filler (in step a)) is introduced into the mixing container by means of a metering device. As a result, the amount of filler is particularly simple automated.

In this context, it is also expedient if the metering device has a, preferably gravimetric, particularly preferably a volumetric, metering balance. This determines the amount of filler even more precisely.

In addition, it is advantageous if the filler is an expandable graphite, whereby the process is particularly efficient. A first component / first plastic component of the reaction mixture mixed in the injection unit is preferably an alcohol, more preferably a polyol, and / or a second component / second plastic component mixed in the injection unit is preferably an ester, more preferably an isocyanate. As a result, the filler is connected to a reaction mixture made of plastic, which is particularly versatile, especially in the automotive, in the aircraft and in the construction industry. Thus, the reaction mixture injected from the injection unit in the container in step c) is preferably a polyurethane / polyurethane foam / polyurethane rigid foam. More preferably, the reaction mixture is formed as a synthetic resin (also referred to as a reaction resin), in which case the first component is preferably a resin and the second component is a hardener.

The injection unit may comprise the lid or the lid may be attached or attached to the injection unit. It is also advantageous if the lid attached to the container in step b) is sealingly placed on an edge region of the container or sealingly applied to an inner side of a side wall of the container. As a result, the interior of the container is particularly easily separated from the environment during the injection process.

In this context, if the cover is movable relative to a housing of the injection unit, the volume within the container may be increased prior to the actual injection, i. prior to performing step c), to the optimum size. As a result, the loading of the filler during mixing is further reduced.

In addition, it is advantageous if the lid (for example the injection unit) has an air connection / outlet or a hole for venting, for example. Air can be extracted from the container via the air connection / outlet or the hole, preferably following step b) (and before step c)), in order to generate a vacuum or even a vacuum in the container. As a result, the processing of the filler is implemented even more gently.

If a bottom plate displaceable in order to change the receiving volume of the container is integrated in the container, the volume of the container can be adjusted particularly easily automatically to the respective quantity of material mixture to be produced.

In this regard, it is also advantageous if the bottom plate is controlled by a (preferably pressure-controlled) lifting device. As a result, the volume of the container is easily adjustable by automation.

If an internal pressure of the container is measured at least in step c) via at least one pressure sensor contained in the injection unit and / or measured and / or adjusted via a control valve contained in the lifting device, the internal pressure of the container during injection is particularly precisely adjustable.

If the reaction mixture is injected into the container in step c) to produce a preferably turbulent recirculation flow, the distribution of the individual filler particles in the material mixture is as even as possible.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if, following step c), a step d) follows, in the lid is removed together with the injection unit of the container, so that the material mixture can be removed from the container. In this regard, it is also advantageous if, before removing the cover, the pressure in the container is first brought back to an ambient level via the air connection or the hole. This further improves the processing of the material mixture.

• a) Bereitstellen einer Werkzeugform,
• b) Einbringen des Materialgemisches im fließförmigem Zustand aus dem Behälter in die Werkzeugform, vorzugsweise mittels eines Roboters,
• c) Verschließen der Werkzeugform, und
• d) Aushärten des Materialgemisches zur Ausbildung des Formteils.

Somit ist auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteils/Bauteils, das eine Beschichtung aus dem Materialgemisch aufweist oder vollständig aus dem Materialgemisch besteht, effizient umgesetzt. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing a molded part by means of the material mixture produced by the method according to one of the embodiments described above, wherein in this method in turn at least the following steps are included:

• a) providing a tool mold,
• b) introducing the material mixture in the flow state from the container into the mold, preferably by means of a robot,
• c) closing the mold, and
• d) curing the material mixture to form the molding.

Thus, a method for producing a molded part / component, which has a coating of the material mixture or consists entirely of the material mixture, efficiently implemented.

In other words, numerous advantages are realized by the method according to the invention. On the one hand, an exact ratio between the filler and the reactive mixture (reaction mixture) is implemented. Also, a flexible "shot weight" from component to component individually adjustable. In addition, the filler is processed very gently until final mixing and direct component production. Also, a small size of the mixing devices is implemented by decoupling the metering of the filler, the introduction into the reactive components / in the reactive mixture and the entry in the tool. Furthermore, a possible cleaning of the container only relates to the container assembly, such as in the form of a cylinder or a cup. Through decoupling, maintenance measures can be specifically defined and carried out without necessarily interrupting the production process. A high-pressure mixing of the reactive system from the at least two components as such preferably takes place before the filler addition, in order thus to produce an optimal mixture quality. As a result, no dynamic mixing element is necessary, which must be additionally cleaned and / or replaced.

The invention will now be described in more detail below with reference to figures, in which context also different embodiments are explained.

Show it:

1 a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a molded article from a mixture of materials according to a first preferred embodiment, wherein the various sub-figures are implemented as sectional views, and
wherein subfigure 1a provides a container, 1b a filling of this container with a free-flowing, solid filler, 1c attaching an injection unit with its lid to the container, 1d adjusting an internal pressure of the container, 1e injecting a liquid reaction mixture into the container to form a mixture of materials, 1f a removal of the lid including injection unit from the container, 1g a further processing of the material mixture in a mold and 1h represent the curing of this material mixture in the mold, and

2 a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a molded part from a material mixture according to a second preferred embodiment, wherein the various sub-figures are implemented as sectional views, and
FIG. 2a being a provision of a container having a lifting device, FIG. 2 B filling this container with filler, 2c , attaching an injection unit, creating a vacuum in the container, 2d injecting the reaction mixture into the container, 2e a removal of the injection unit with the lid from the container and 2f represent a filling of a mold with the previously mixed reaction mixture.

The figures are merely schematic in nature and are for the sole purpose of understanding the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference numerals. It should also be noted that the different features of the various embodiments can be freely combined with each other.

In 1 , including the subfigures 1a to 1h, is an inventive method for forming / producing a molded part 19 by means of a material mixture prepared according to steps 1a to 1f 1 illustrated. The material mixture produced by the time sequence of steps 1a to 1f 1 is in this embodiment, an expandable graphite / expandable graphite having polyurethane reaction mixture.

For producing the material mixture 1 first a container 3 provided ( 1a ). This container 3 is typically cup-shaped designed. Therefore, the container points 3 a cylindrically extending, the height of the container 3 determining side wall 12 on. At an upper side of the side wall 12 makes the container 3 a border area 10 out, which includes an opening of the container to the environment. At a bottom of the container 3 ie one the edge area 10 opposite side, is a common floor / floor area 21 the container formed, the container 3 closes towards the bottom. The container 3 may have different cross-sectional shapes, such as a substantially circular or a polygonal, for example. A square, cross-sectional shape. In the different cross-sectional shapes, however, the side wall 12 always shaped cylindrically, ie that the side wall 12 between the floor area 21 and the edge area 10 consistently has the same cross-sectional dimensions. The container 3 is used, as described in more detail in the following steps 1b to 1f, directly for mixing the material mixture 1 , which then in steps 1g and 1h to a finished molding / workpiece / component 19 is further processed.

For the preparation of the material mixture 1 will after in the next step 1b a free-flowing, solid filler 2 filled. This is done by means of a metering device 9 , The metering device 9 has a funnel-shaped memory 22 in which a certain amount of buffer filler 2 stored in practice for multiple portions / quantities of material mixtures 1 sufficient. The metering device 9 furthermore has a gravimetric dosing balance (not shown here for clarity), which can be approximately weighed by the container 3 including filler 2 on the actual amount of filler 2 in the container 3 back closes. This metering scale is typically data-transmitting / electrically connected by means of a control unit, which is also not shown here for the sake of clarity. Also with this control unit is a valve 23 electrically connected, which is formed at least as a two-way valve, and in a first position with the memory 22 connected inlet 24 towards the container 3 opens or upon reaching the desired amount of filler 2 in the container 3 , in a second position the memory 22 from the inlet 24 shuts off. At the in 1b filled filler 2 it is the expandable graphite, which is present in dry, free-flowing and solid form. In particular, it should be noted that the filler 2 in the dosing step 1b preferably without pressure, ie only under the effect of ambient pressure and the prevailing heavy weight, in the container 3 trickles, so no more on the filler 2 acting, mechanically or pneumatically generated pressures are applied.

After filling the specified amount of free-flowing, solid filler 2 in the container 3 is after 1c an injection unit 4 on the container 3 put on / attached to this. The injection unit 4 is shown only schematically and has next to a lid shown 5 a mixing element in the form of a reaction mixing head, which is not shown here for clarity sake. The reaction mixing head is designed as a two-component mixing head, but can also be designed in other embodiments as a three- or four-component mixing head.

An outlet 6 the injection unit 4 is in turn directly connected to the outlet of the reaction mixing head. This outlet 6 penetrates the lid 5 , For this purpose, the lid 5 a first passage opening 25 on, through which the outlet 6 protrudes through. The lid 5 extends substantially flat / plate-shaped along an imaginary extension plane. Offset to the first through hole 25 , seen in the plane of extension, is a second through hole 26 in the lid 5 brought in. The second passage opening 26 serves as air connection 14 , The air connection 14 is in this embodiment with a hose 27 fluidically / pneumatically connected. The hose 27 is then still with a pump / blowing and / or suction device, which is not shown for clarity, operatively connected. The lid 5 has a sealing area at one edge 28 on. This sealing area 28 is directly on the contour of the side wall 12 ie on the shape of an inside 11 the side wall 12 Voted. The sealing area 28 extends such that it extends around the entire circumference of the inside 11 around is sealing applied.

In the step after 1c becomes the injection unit 4 so in the container 3 pushed in, that the lid 5 with its sealing area 28 sealing, ie in particular pneumatically tight, on the side wall 12 is applied. Thus, in 1c the injection unit 4 like that on the container 3 attached that the container 3 with its interior 7 through the lid 5 namely by its sealing area 28 , is sealed to the environment and the outlet 6 inside 7 of the container 3 empties.

Subsequently, in this embodiment, in one step 1d the injection unit 4 forming one in its size on the amount of filler 2 coordinated mixing room 29 inserted. This means that the lid 5 so far in the container 3 is inserted until the mixing chamber 29 has a defined volume which is ultimately sealed from the environment, wherein in the mixing space of the previously filled filler 2 is completely recorded. The volume of the mixing chamber 29 is a matter of course greater than the volume of the previously filled filler 2 , To when inserting the lid 5 from the step to 1c towards the step after 1d no overpressure relative to the ambient pressure of the container 3 will build up over the air connection 14 simultaneously with the insertion of the lid 5 in the container 3 Air sucked / pumped off. In this embodiment, even so much air through the air connection 14 sucked out that almost a vacuum in the mixing chamber 29 arises. In step after 1d can the filler 2 also be compressed as it were (reduced in volume).

Following this, then the injection unit 4 an already prepared reaction mixture 8th in the mixing room 29 inject. This Kunststoffgieß- / plastic injection process is in 1e carried out. The injected reaction mixture 8th consists in this step of two plastic components that contribute to the formation of the material mixture 1 in the form of the polyurethane reaction mixture are necessary. Polyol is used as the first component / plastic component and isocyanate as the second component / plastic component. The two components of the reaction mixture 8th are already out of the outlet 6 homogeneously mixed together. The reaction mixture 8th is in a liquid / doughy consistency when exiting the outlet.

The reaction mixture 8th will follow in the step 1e so in the through the mixing room 29 trained interior 4 of the container 3 injected that a recirculation flow 18 is generated, which is the reaction mixture 8th including filler 2 swirled together. This will be the former pile of filler 2 homogeneous in the liquid reaction mixture 8th , forming the material mixture 1 , mixed. In particular, a turbulent recirculation flow 18 generated. To the pressure in the mixing room 29 not to let rise too much in the injection process or more preferably, the pressure in the mixing chamber 29 to keep constant during the injection process, the lid 5 during injection of the reaction mixture 8th while keeping the internal pressure of the mixing chamber constant 29 upwards, from the floor area 21 pulled away. Furthermore, it should be noted that the internal pressure in the mixing chamber 29 after the step in 1e by means of one or more in the injection unit 4 , preferably in the outlet 6 , contained / contained pressure sensor / s is monitored.

After this finished mixing process, the injection unit 4 with lid 5 according to 1f from the container 3 pulled out so that the container 3 opened to the environment. Before the step after 1f but after the step after 1e Of course, first the internal pressure of the interior 7 of the container 3 adapted to the ambient pressure. This is done by the to the air connection 14 connected pump, the air in the interior 7 of the container 3 / the mixing room 29 into pumps.

In this connection, it should also be mentioned that in order to carry out the steps 1a to 1f, the production method is preferably carried out on an assembly line.

Instead of an assembly line, it is alternatively possible to use a turning device, such as a turntable. This serves a variety of containers 3 for producing a plurality of individual quantities of material mixture 1 , Thus, as a whole, a batch manufacturing process is implemented wherein, to perform each of the steps 1b to 1f, the container 3 can rest on the conveyor belt for a certain amount of time.

It should also be noted that the injection unit 4 in principle, is slidably mounted in its entirety, but alternatively only the lid can be mounted 5 to a housing of the injection unit 4 be movable.

Following the preparation of the flowable / liquid, solid filler particles having material mixture 1 , according to 1g the container 3 to a tool shape 20 transported further. This is preferably done by means of a lifting arm of a robot. The tool shape 20 serves in this embodiment for producing a completely from the material mixture 1 existing molding 19 / Semi-finished product. In further embodiments, however, it is also possible to use the filler 2 in the step after 1g as a coating on an already cured existing element, forming the molding 19 to raise. To 1g is used to form the molding 19 the material mixture 1 in the hollow mold 20 cast. After closing the mold 20 according to 1h becomes the material mixture 1 cured, for example by previous increase in temperature of the material mixture 1 so that finally a finished molding 19 from the mold 20 can be removed.

Following the step after 1g becomes the container 3 again for reuse and reinsertion in the step after 1a cleaned.

With 2 is a further, second embodiment of a manufacturing method according to the invention of the material mixture 1 which, however, is basically designed and operates in a similar manner as the method of the first embodiment. It will therefore be below only discussed differences compared to the first embodiment.

In the first step after 2a will turn the container 3 made available. The container 3 is not only a cup-shaped, separate container in this second embodiment 3 but one with a lifting device 16 combined container 3 , The lifting device 16 is a pressure-controlled lifting device 16 , The lifting device 16 has a reciprocating piston 30 on that with a piston rod 31 a centric passage opening in the floor area 21 of the container 3 penetrates. The piston rod 31 protrudes into the interior 7 of the container 3 inside and inside the container 3 with a head area 32 , opposite the piston rod 31 and the corresponding passage opening in the floor area 21 widened and exceeds this in its dimensions, slidably added. The head area 32 forms a bottom plate 15 of the container 3 off and is along the side wall 12 displaceable. In the step after 2a is the bottom plate 15 positioned in their lowest position / initial position. The bottom plate 15 lies along the entire inner circumference / the inside 11 the side wall 12 sealingly with its edge. This seals the bottom plate 15 the inner 7 of the container 3 in the following steps to the floor area 21 of the container 3 down. Thus, the previously immovable floor area 21 according to the first embodiment by a movable / movable bottom plate 15 replaced, the pressure controlled via an actuator, such as a motor, the lifting device 16 is displaceable.

In the sub-step of the manufacturing process 2 B becomes the filler 2 , in the form of solid free-flowing expanded graphite, similar to 1b , in the container 3 filled. In this case, the mechanical stress on the filler 2 reduce, the bottom plate is 15 before pouring the filler 2 in the container 3 from the starting position in the direction of the inlet 24 moved up so that the filler 2 has a lower fall height.

To 2c is a step performed from the steps after the 1c and 1d consists. The injection unit 4 so it is on the container 3 put on that container 3 through the lid 5 is sealed to the environment. Also, the outlet opens 6 inside 7 of the container 3 ,

Compared to the first embodiment, the lid is different 5 but something in its shape. The lid 5 is now, as in 2c good to see, on the edge area 10 , which has a defined contact surface 33 trains, tuned. The lid 5 forms its sealing area 28 now on a distal end face 34 out. The sealing area 28 will follow in the step 2c on the contact surface 33 tightly pressed / pressed. The lid 5 so it is on the container 3 you feel like that inside 7 of the container 3 , under training of the mixing room 29 , is sealed to the environment. outlet 6 and air connection 14 both lead into the interior 7 ,

Also will be in 2c as already in 1d , the internal pressure of the mixing chamber 29 over the air connection 14 and adjusting the pump to form a vacuum. While the mixing room in 1d through the floor area 21 of the container 3 , the side wall 12 as well as the lid 5 was formed directly, now serves to form the mixing chamber 29 the bottom plate 15 , the side wall 12 and the lid 5 ,

In the sub-step after 2d following the substep 1e largely corresponds, the reaction mixture 8th in the mixing room 29 filled. Instead of a movement of the lid 5 to produce, becomes the bottom plate 15 through the lifting device 16 from an upper position 2c moved in the direction of the starting position. A pressure control valve 17 the lifting device 16 serves to control the displacement of the piston rod 31 or the bottom plate 15 , As in the pressure control valve shown schematically 17 to recognize, the pressure is opposite 2c lowered, thereby moving the bottom plate 15 in the direction of the floor area 21 is produced. The mixing after 2d takes place accordingly 1e ,

Consequently lies in the step 2e , the same after the step 1f is carried out, the finished blended material mixture 1 in front. The injection unit 4 In turn, this step is taken from the container 3 lifted, with previous pressure equalization between mixing chamber 29 and environment.

In this second embodiment is by means of the sub-steps after the 2a to 2e the material mixture 1 in turn finished, the particles of the filler 2 homogeneously distributed in the material mixture 1 available.

For producing the molding 19 , whose presentation is omitted here for the sake of clarity, is again after the step 2f , similar to the step after 1g , the liquid material mixture 1 in a mold 20 filled. Also, this tool shape 20 again box-shaped and configured as a hollow body and is after filling by means of the material mixture 1 closed. Then the material mixture 1 cured, for forming the finished molded part.

Across from 1g is in 2f but not the container 3 moved by a robot, but preferably the tool shape 20 , for example by means of a robot, on the edge area 10 of container 3 placed. A through hole 35 in the mold 20 will then flush on through the edge area 10 trained opening of the container 3 attached and then turn the lifting device 16 operated and the piston rod 31 towards the edge area 10 moved so that the material mixture 1 towards the interior of the mold 20 is pushed into it. The bottom plate 15 is designed so that it also serves as a cleaning piston and the container 3 already during the pushing out of the material according to the method step 2f on its insides 11 from the material mixture 1 free and clean. Following this, it may in turn come to further purification steps or turn the process step 2a be implemented directly.

In other words, therefore, in the method according to the invention, the filler 2 , in particular an expanded graphite, initially via a separate metering device 9 (For example, having a gravimetric dosing) in a cylinder in the form of the container 3 filled (quantity exactly for the component to be manufactured / molded part 19 Voted). The cylinder 3 comes with a lid 5 locked. In the lid 5 is, for example, a mixing head, a reaction mixture 8th produced (for example. PU rigid foam) and this in exact amount in the closed cylinder 3 shoots.

This is the filler 2 through the induced flow 19 in turbulent circulation and mixed with the liquid reactive mixture 8th , Subsequently, the discharge takes place in an open or closed tool 20 , Thus, the filler becomes 2 supplied in the exact ratio to the component weight, it can be set flexible amount and component weights and a compact assembly (cylinder 3 can be separate to the tool 20 be performed). For this purpose, the filler is further preferred, as described above, in a cup-like cylinder 3 dosed. The cylinder 3 can in stroke and bore and in the formation of the soil 15 / 21 be different in order to find application for different component weights, reactive systems and filler contents. The floor 15 itself can according to the second embodiment via a lifting device 16 in the cylinder 3 be moved back and forth. In the next step, a lid closes 5 the cylinder 3 , The lid 5 attached sits a mixing element (eg, a mixing head / reaction mixing head) and possibly an air connection 14 , In the following step, the lifting cylinder 32 the, with filler 2 loaded soil 15 towards the lid 5 method. In the process, the trapped air to be displaced is via the air connection 14 sucked or ejected. Subsequently, the resulting displacement can be additionally evacuated, if this is process-supporting. After the filler 2 was compressed to some extent, the entry of the reactive mixture takes place 8th , Here, a defined amount is entered with the aim of the flow within the cylinder 3 redirecting, creating turbulence and, to some degree, turbulence. This is a circulation and mixing can be achieved. It can be in the cylinder 3 a certain internal pressure arises. This is monitored before, during and after the injection via the pressure sensors located in the mixing head. At the same time, this can also have a pressure control valve 17 in the hydraulic line of the lifting cylinder 16 determined and adjusted if necessary. After firing the lifting cylinder can 32 be returned to its initial position / initial position, the cylinder 3 is ventilated at the same time. Subsequently, the lid 5 including injection unit 4 from the cylinder 3 lifted. The still liquid filler-reactive mixture / material mixture 1 can now be discharged or via the lifting cylinder 32 be ejected.

In the first embodiment, not the cup bottom 15 but the lid 5 with mixing head in the cylinder 3 moved back and forth. This allows the cylinder 3 as a fairly simple and manageable mug 3 be executed. In this case also becomes the cylinder 3 filled with the lid 5 which is guided over a track, closed and the injection carried out. The following is the cup 3 eg by means of a robot to the tool 20 brought and emptied over a given trajectory. The subsequent cleaning, if material remains in the cup 3 remain, can be done thermally, chemically and / or mechanically. Material version of the cylinder / cup 3 For example, by coated materials (preferably a PTFE-coated metal surface), silicone materials or thermoplastics. Here are low values for static and dynamic friction and pressure resistance of advantage.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 material mixture

2

 filler

3

 container

4

 injection unit

5

 cover

6

 connection

7

 Interior

8th

 reaction

9

 metering

10

 border area

11

 inside

12

 sidewall

13

 casing

14

 air connection

15

 baseplate

16

 lifting device

17

 Pressure control valve

18

 circulation flow

19

 molding

20

 mold

21

 floor area

22

 Storage

23

 Valve

24

 Intake

25

 first passage opening

26

 second passage opening

27

 tube

28

 sealing area

29

 mixing room

30

 reciprocating

31

 piston rod

32

 head area

33

 contact surface

34

 face

35

 Through Hole

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 29704560 U1 [0002]

Claims (11)

Process for producing a filler ( 2 ) having flowable material mixture ( 1 ) with at least the following steps: a) filling a certain amount of a free-flowing, solid filler ( 2 ) into a container ( 3 ), b) mounting an injection unit ( 4 ) on the container ( 3 ) such that the container ( 3 ) through a lid ( 5 ) is sealed to the environment and an outlet ( 6 ) of the injection unit ( 4 ) inside ( 7 ) of the container ( 3 ), and c) injecting a reaction mixture consisting of at least two different plastic components ( 8th ) by means of the injection unit ( 4 ) in the container ( 3 ) such that the filler ( 2 ) with the reaction mixture ( 8th ), with formation of the material mixture ( 1 ), is mixed. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the amount of free-flowing, solid filler ( 2 ) by means of a metering device ( 9 ) in the container ( 3 ) is filled. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the metering device ( 9 ) has a gravimetric or volumetric dosing scale. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in step b) on the container ( 3 ) attached lids ( 5 ) to a peripheral area ( 10 ) of the container ( 3 ) sealing or on an inside ( 11 ) of a side wall ( 12 ) of the container ( 3 ) is applied sealingly. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lid ( 5 ) relative to a housing ( 13 ) of the injection unit ( 4 ) is movable. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lid ( 5 ) a hole for venting and / or an air connection ( 14 ), via which, preferably subsequent to step b), air from the container ( 3 ) is exhausted, creating a negative pressure or a vacuum in the container ( 3 ). Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the container ( 3 ) one for changing the receiving volume of the container ( 3 ) sliding floor plate ( 15 ) is integrated. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom plate ( 15 ) by a lifting device ( 16 ) is driven. Method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an internal pressure of the container ( 3 ) at least in step c) via at least one in the injection unit ( 4 ) pressure sensor is measured and / or via a in the lifting device ( 16 ) contained pressure control valve ( 17 ) is adjusted. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the reaction mixture ( 8th ) in step c) to produce a recirculating flow ( 18 ) in the container ( 3 ) is injected. Method for producing a molded part ( 19 ) by means of the material mixture produced by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 10 ( 1 ), with at least the following steps: a) providing a tool mold ( 20 ), b) introducing the material mixture ( 1 ) in the flow state from the container ( 3 ) into the tool shape ( 20 ), c) closing the mold ( 20 ), and d) curing the material mixture ( 1 ) for forming the molded part ( 19 ).

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