DE102016105550A1 - Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine - Google Patents
Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- DE102016105550A1 DE102016105550A1 DE102016105550.6A DE102016105550A DE102016105550A1 DE 102016105550 A1 DE102016105550 A1 DE 102016105550A1 DE 102016105550 A DE102016105550 A DE 102016105550A DE 102016105550 A1 DE102016105550 A1 DE 102016105550A1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
- E04C2/525—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0203—Cooling
- B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
- B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
- B21B45/0218—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for strips, sheets, or plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
- F03D80/82—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers of electrical components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/086—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
- H02K7/088—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly radially supporting the rotor directly
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
- H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
- H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
- F05B2220/7068—Application in combination with an electrical generator equipped with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/09—Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
Eine elektrische Maschine mit einem Rotor und einem Stator weist mehrere Permanentmagnete und bestrombare Spulen auf. Am Rotor und am Stator sind axial versetzt Rotor- bzw. Statorstufen mit Permanentmagneten und/oder bestrombaren Spulen angeordnet, wobei Spulen einer oder mehrerer Stufen zu- und abschaltbar ausgebildet sind.An electric machine with a rotor and a stator has a plurality of permanent magnets and energizable coils. On the rotor and the stator axially offset rotor or stator stages are arranged with permanent magnets and / or energized coils, wherein coils of one or more stages are switched on and switched off.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine elektrische Maschine, insbesondere einen Generator in einer Windkraftanlage, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. The invention relates to an electrical machine, in particular a generator in a wind turbine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
In der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, mit einfachen Maßnahmen eine elektrische Maschine so auszubilden, dass eine flexible Anpassung an unterschiedliche Last- oder Ausgangsbedingungen möglich ist. The invention is based on the object with simple measures an electrical machine in such a way that a flexible adaptation to different load or output conditions is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche geben zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen an. This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. The dependent claims indicate expedient developments.
Die erfindungsgemäße elektrische Maschine weist Permanentmagnete und bestrombare Spulen im Rotor bzw. Stator auf. Die elektrische Maschine wird beispielsweise als Generator in einer Windkraftanlage eingesetzt. Der Generator wird in diesem Fall entweder in den Mast der Windkraftanlage integriert, wobei die Rotationsbewegung des Windrades der Windkraftanlage über ein Getriebe auf den Rotor des Generators übertragen wird. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführung ist der Generator in eine Gondel der Windkraftanlage integriert, die ihrerseits Träger des Windrades ist. Die Gondel sitzt auf dem Mast auf und kann insbesondere um die Längsachse des Mastes rotieren. Vorteilhafterweise bildet der Rotor des Generators in der Gondel zugleich die Nabe des Windrades, so dass auf ein Getriebe zwischen Windrad und Generator verzichtet werden kann. Es kommen aber auch Ausführungen in Betracht, bei denen zwischen dem Windrad und dem Generator, der in der Gondel sitzt, ein Getriebe zwischengeschaltet ist. The electric machine according to the invention has permanent magnets and energizable coils in the rotor or stator. The electric machine is used for example as a generator in a wind turbine. The generator is integrated in this case either in the mast of the wind turbine, wherein the rotational movement of the wind turbine of the wind turbine is transmitted via a transmission to the rotor of the generator. According to a further embodiment, the generator is integrated in a nacelle of the wind turbine, which in turn is the carrier of the wind turbine. The nacelle sits on the mast and in particular can rotate about the longitudinal axis of the mast. Advantageously, the rotor of the generator in the nacelle at the same time forms the hub of the wind turbine, so that it is possible to dispense with a transmission between wind turbine and generator. But there are also options in which between the wind turbine and the generator, which sits in the nacelle, a transmission is interposed.
Die elektrische Maschine weist am Rotor mehrere axial versetzte Rotorstufen und am Stator mehrere axial versetzte Statorstufen auf, wobei jede Rotorstufe einer Statorstufe zugeordnet ist. In jeder Rotorstufe und in jeder Statorstufe sind Permanentmagnete bzw. bestrombare Spulen angeordnet. Es kommen sowohl Ausführungen in Betracht, bei denen in einander zugeordneten Stator- und Rotorstufen jeweils bestrombare Spulen angeordnet sind als auch Ausführungen, bei denen in zugeordneten Stator- und Rotorstufen Permanentmagnete und bestrombare Spulen angeordnet sind. The electric machine has a plurality of axially offset rotor stages on the rotor and a plurality of axially staggered stator stages on the stator, each rotor stage being associated with a stator stage. In each rotor stage and in each stator stage permanent magnets or energizable coils are arranged. There are both versions into consideration, in each of which stator coils and rotor stages are arranged Bestrombare coils are arranged as well as designs in which permanent magnets and energizable coils are arranged in associated stator and rotor stages.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Maschine sind die Spulen in einer oder mehreren Rotor- bzw. Statorstufen zu- und abschaltbar ausgebildet. Diese Ausführung mit mehreren zu- und abschaltbaren Teilmaschinen ermöglicht es, die elektrische Maschine an sich ändernde Ausgangs- oder Lastbedingungen anzupassen. Bei maximaler Last sind sämtliche Stufen zugeschaltet, so dass entsprechend bei der Ausführung als Generator ein hohes Drehmoment für den Antrieb des Rotors erforderlich und entsprechend eine hohe Stromerzeugung gewährleistet ist. Bei reduzierter Last wird in einer oder werden in mehreren Stufen die Spulen abgeschaltet, so dass ein entsprechend reduziertes Drehmoment für den Antrieb des Rotors ausreicht, jedoch auch nur eine geringere elektrische Leistung produziert wird. In the case of the electric machine according to the invention, the coils can be switched on and off in one or more rotor or stator stages. This version with several sub-machines that can be switched on and off makes it possible to adapt the electrical machine to changing output or load conditions. At maximum load, all stages are switched on, so that correspondingly required in the embodiment as a generator, a high torque for driving the rotor and correspondingly high power generation is ensured. At reduced load, the coils are switched off in one or more stages, so that a correspondingly reduced torque sufficient for driving the rotor, but also only a lower electrical power is produced.
Umgekehrt wird bei einem Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine als Antriebsmotor bei reduzierter Stromzufuhr nur ein Teil der Spulen bestromt, wodurch ein entsprechend reduziertes mechanisches Drehmoment als Ausgangsleistung erzeugt wird. Bei entsprechend höherer elektrischer Leistung können die Spulen mehrerer Stufen oder sämtlicher Stufen bestromt werden, wodurch ein erhöhtes Drehmoment als mechanische Ausgangsleistung zur Verfügung steht. Conversely, during operation of the electric machine as the drive motor with reduced power supply, only a part of the coils is energized, whereby a correspondingly reduced mechanical torque is generated as the output power. With correspondingly higher electrical power, the coils of several stages or all stages can be energized, whereby an increased torque is available as a mechanical output.
Zumindest in einer Rotor- bzw. Statorstufe sind die Spulen zu- und abschaltbar, um auf wechselnde Last- oder Ausgangsbedingungen entsprechend reagieren zu können. Bevorzugt sind die Spulen in mehreren Rotor- bzw. Statorstufen zu- und abschaltbar ausgeführt, so dass ein stufenweises Zuschalten bzw. Abschalten der Spulen in einer oder mehreren Stufen möglich ist und auf unterschiedliche Lastbedingungen genauer reagiert werden kann. At least in a rotor or stator stage, the coils are switched on and off to respond to changing load or output conditions accordingly. Preferably, the coils in several rotor or stator stages are switched on and off, so that a gradual connection or disconnection of the coils in one or more stages is possible and can be responded to different load conditions more accurate.
Gegebenenfalls sind die Spulen in sämtlichen Stufen zu- und abschaltbar ausgeführt, auch wenn es vorteilhaft sein kann, dass zumindest in einer Stufe die Spulen nicht-abschaltbar ausgebildet sind, so dass in dieser Spule bei Drehung des Rotors Permanentstrom erzeugt wird oder bei einem Einsatz als Antriebsmotor zumindest diese Spulen bestromt werden, um ein mechanisches Drehmoment zur Verfügung zu stellen. Optionally, the coils are switched on and off in all stages, even if it may be advantageous that at least in one stage, the coils are non-disconnectable, so that in this coil upon rotation of the rotor permanent current is generated or when used as Drive motor, at least these coils are energized to provide a mechanical torque available.
Sämtliche Stufen sind axial versetzt zueinander angeordnet. Die axial versetzten Rotorstufen sind drehfest und achsfest im Rotor angeordnet, entsprechend sind die Statorstufen drehfest und achsfest im Stator angeordnet. Dementsprechend ist sowohl die Winkellage als auch die axiale Position der Rotorstufen im Rotor fest vorgegeben und auch der Statorstufen im Stator fest vorgegeben. Zugeordnete Rotor- und Statorstufen befinden vorteilhafterweise sich axial auf gleicher Höhe. All stages are axially offset from each other. The axially offset rotor stages are rotatably and axially fixed in the rotor, according to the stator stages are rotatably and axially fixed in the stator. Accordingly, both the angular position and the axial position of the rotor stages in the rotor is fixed and also fixed the stator stages in the stator. Assigned rotor and stator stages are advantageously located axially at the same height.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführung sind in den Rotorstufen ausschließlich Permanentmagnete und in den Statorstufen ausschließlich Statorspulen angeordnet. In dieser Ausführung bildet die elektrische Maschine einen Synchronmotor, dessen Erregerfeld von den Permanentmagneten im Rotor erzeugt wird. Durch Zu- bzw. Abschalten der Statorspulen in einer oder mehreren Statorstufen wird die elektrische und mechanische Leistung beeinflusst. According to an advantageous embodiment are in the rotor stages exclusively permanent magnets and in the stator stages exclusively Stator coils arranged. In this embodiment, the electric machine forms a synchronous motor whose excitation field is generated by the permanent magnets in the rotor. Switching the stator coils on or off in one or more stator stages influences the electrical and mechanical performance.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung sind in einem Teil der Statorstufen Permanentmagnete und im verbleibenden Teil der Statorstufen Statorspulen angeordnet. Im Rotor sind dagegen nur Rotorspulen, jedoch keine Permanentmagnete vorhanden. In den Rotorspulen der Stufe, die der Statorstufe mit Permanentmagneten zugeordnet ist, wird eine Spannung induziert, mit der die Rotorspulen der weiteren Rotorstufen beaufschlagt werden. Das in diesen Rotorspulen erzeugte elektromagnetische Feld induziert eine Spannung in den zugeordneten Statorspulen gleicher Stufe. Die Skalierbarkeit zur Anpassung an wechselnde Last- bzw. Ausgangsverhältnisse erfolgt durch Zu- und Abschalten der Statorspulen in einer oder in mehreren Stufen. According to a further advantageous embodiment, permanent magnets are arranged in one part of the stator stages and stator coils in the remaining part of the stator stages. In the rotor, however, only rotor coils, but no permanent magnets are present. In the rotor coils of the stage, which is assigned to the stator stage with permanent magnets, a voltage is induced, with which the rotor coils of the other rotor stages are acted upon. The electromagnetic field generated in these rotor coils induces a voltage in the associated stator coils of the same stage. The scalability for adaptation to changing load or output conditions is achieved by switching on and off of the stator coils in one or more stages.
Es genügt, dass nur in einer Stufe statorseitig Permanentmagnete angeordnet sind und die Rotorspulen der zugeordneten Stufe die Rotorspulen der weiteren Stufen mit Strom versorgen. Gleichwohl ist es aber auch möglich, dass in mehreren Stufen Permanentmagnete im Stator vorhanden sind und die Rotorspulen der zugeordneten Stufen die Rotorspulen weiterer Stufen mit Strom versorgen. It is sufficient that permanent magnets are arranged only in one stage on the stator side and the rotor coils of the associated stage supply the rotor coils of the further stages with current. Nevertheless, it is also possible for permanent magnets to be present in the stator in several stages, and for the rotor coils of the associated stages to supply the rotor coils of further stages with current.
Vorteilhafterweise ist den Rotorspulen, die den Statorstufen mit Permanentmagneten zugeordnet sind, ein Gleichrichter zur Erzeugung von Gleichstrom nachgeschaltet, mit dem die Rotorspulen der weiteren Stufen beaufschlagt werden. Advantageously, the rotor coils, which are associated with the stator stages with permanent magnets, a rectifier downstream of the generation of direct current, with which the rotor coils of the other stages are acted upon.
Des Weiteren ist es vorteilhaft, dass die Rotorspulen, in denen ein elektromagnetisches Feld erzeugt wird, welches in den zugeordneten Statorspulen eine Spannung induziert, einen Eisenkern aufweisen. Der Eisenkern bündelt den magnetischen Fluss und erhöht die Induktivität sowie die magnetische Flussdichte. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the rotor coils, in which an electromagnetic field is generated which induces a voltage in the associated stator coils, have an iron core. The iron core concentrates the magnetic flux and increases the inductance as well as the magnetic flux density.
Gemäß noch einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausführung ist den Statorspulen, in denen eine Spannung induziert wird, ein Gleichrichter zur Gleichstromerzeugung nachgeschaltet. Der Gleichrichter kann Bestandteil einer Leistungselektronik sein, die an der elektrischen Maschine angeordnet ist. According to yet another expedient embodiment, the stator coils, in which a voltage is induced, a rectifier downstream of the DC power generation. The rectifier may be part of a power electronics, which is arranged on the electric machine.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Windkraftanlage mit einer elektrischen Maschine als Generator, der in der vorbeschriebenen Weise ausgeführt ist. Der Generator befindet sich entweder im Mast der Windkraftanlage oder in einer Gondel, die drehbar am Mast angeordnet ist und Träger des Windrades ist. Another aspect of the invention relates to a wind turbine with an electric machine as a generator, which is designed in the manner described above. The generator is located either in the mast of the wind turbine or in a nacelle, which is rotatably mounted on the mast and is the carrier of the wind turbine.
Es kann zweckmäßig sein, in den Teil der Windkraftanlage, der den Generator aufnimmt, eine oder mehrere Kühlöffnungen in die Mastwandung einzubringen, über die dem Generator ein Kühlluftstrom zugeführt wird. Hierdurch ist eine ausreichende Kühlung des Generators gewährleistet. It may be expedient to introduce into the part of the wind turbine which receives the generator, one or more cooling holes in the mast wall, via which the generator, a cooling air flow is supplied. This ensures adequate cooling of the generator.
Weitere Vorteile und zweckmäßige Ausführungen sind den weiteren Ansprüchen, der Figurenbeschreibung und den Zeichnungen zu entnehmen. Es zeigen: Further advantages and expedient embodiments can be taken from the further claims, the description of the figures and the drawings. Show it:
In den Figuren sind gleiche Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. In the figures, the same components are provided with the same reference numerals.
In den
Sowohl der Stator
Wie der Schnittdarstellung gemäß
Die Spulen
Hiermit ist es möglich, beispielsweise im Generatorbetrieb flexibel auf das jeweils anstehende Drehmoment am Rotor zu reagieren. Beispielsweise wird bei einem Einsatz in einer Windkraftanlage bei geringen Windgeschwindigkeiten nur eine Stufe oder eine Teilmenge der Stufen in Betrieb genommen. Mit zunehmender Windgeschwindigkeit kann die Anzahl der in Betrieb genommenen Stufen bis zur Maximalanzahl sämtlicher Stufen gesteigert werden. This makes it possible, for example, to react flexibly in generator operation to the particular torque on the rotor. For example, when used in a wind turbine at low wind speeds, only one stage or a subset of stages is put into operation. As the wind speed increases, the number of stages taken up to the maximum number of stages can be increased.
Die Stromanschlüsse der Spulen
Wie mit den Pfeilen
In den
Die Stufen B bis E sind zu- bzw. abschaltbar ausgebildet, indem die Statorspulen
Vorteilhafterweise ist der Rotorspule
Die elektrische Maschine
In
Die Gondel
In die Wandung des Mastes
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- US 2013/0214541 A1 [0002] US 2013/0214541 A1 [0002]
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202016106526.7U DE202016106526U1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine |
DE102016105550.6A DE102016105550A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016105550.6A DE102016105550A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102016105550A1 true DE102016105550A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
Family
ID=69144432
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016105550.6A Ceased DE102016105550A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine |
DE202016106526.7U Expired - Lifetime DE202016106526U1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE202016106526.7U Expired - Lifetime DE202016106526U1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2016-03-24 | Electric machine, in particular generator in a wind turbine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (2) | DE102016105550A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107659046A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | One kind uses adjustable air duct auxiliary permanent synchronous motor acceleration device |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4292532A (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-09-29 | H.O.P. Consulab Inc. | Two-stage electric generator system |
WO1988007782A1 (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-10-06 | Wolf John V D | Electric generator |
JP2007089365A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-04-05 | Chikoji Gakuen | Wind turbine generator |
US20130214541A1 (en) | 2010-08-04 | 2013-08-22 | Stellenbosch University | Split permanent magnet machine |
-
2016
- 2016-03-24 DE DE102016105550.6A patent/DE102016105550A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2016-03-24 DE DE202016106526.7U patent/DE202016106526U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4292532A (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-09-29 | H.O.P. Consulab Inc. | Two-stage electric generator system |
WO1988007782A1 (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-10-06 | Wolf John V D | Electric generator |
JP2007089365A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-04-05 | Chikoji Gakuen | Wind turbine generator |
US20130214541A1 (en) | 2010-08-04 | 2013-08-22 | Stellenbosch University | Split permanent magnet machine |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107659046A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | One kind uses adjustable air duct auxiliary permanent synchronous motor acceleration device |
CN107659046B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2023-07-21 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Adopt adjustable wind channel to assist PMSM acceleration and deceleration device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE202016106526U1 (en) | 2016-12-09 |
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