DE102016014376B4 - Method for data transmission of consumption meters - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for data transmission, in particular for consumption data acquisition of consumption meters (1), with
a plurality of each equipped with a communication module (2) consumption meters (1),
a data collector (3) for receiving data packets (4) of the consumption meters (1),
wherein the data packets (4) are transmitted in certain time intervals within a certain stitch period (10) by the respective communication module (2) in the transmission mode by radio to the data collector (3),
wherein the data collector (3) has a control device (5) for the time control of a receiving operation, which is set up to receive successive data packets (4) in chronological order,
the data collector (3) generates a time reference signal (6) on the basis of which the respective communication module (2) can determine when the stitch period (10) begins,
the time reference signal (6) is sent by the data collector (3) by radio to the respective communication module (2), and
the time sequence of the transmission of the data packets (4) from the respective communication module (2) to the data collector (3) is adjusted as a function of the time reference signal (6),
characterized in that
the time reference signal (6) comprises a plurality of time reference partial signals (6a-6d) which are sent from the data collector (3) to the respective communication module (2) at different time intervals from the stitch period (10), and
from the respective communication module (2) on the basis of the respective time interval of the time reference part signals (6a-6d) with each other or to the stitch period (10), the remaining time is calculated up to the stitch period (10).

Description

The present invention relates to a method for data transmission, in particular for consumption data acquisition of consumption meters according to the preamble of claim 1.

Technological background

Smart metering devices, also known as Smart Meters, are utility meters integrated in a supply network. For example, for energy, electricity, gas, water, which show the respective connection user's actual consumption and are integrated into a communication network. Smart meters have the advantage of eliminating manual readings of meter readings and allowing the utility to make shorter-term billing according to actual consumption. By means of short-term reading intervals, it is possible in turn to link the retail tariffs more precisely to the development of stock market prices. Also, utility networks can be utilized much better.

Smart meters are usually associated with each residential units or homes. The resulting measurement data can be read out in many different ways. Measurement data can z. B. via the power grid (Power Line) to be read. The integration of consumption meters into a local network is not possible here. Furthermore, measurement data can be transmitted by means of mobile radio technology in the form of data packets or telegrams. However, this is expensive, requires the installation of mobile modules on the consumption meters and has disadvantages in terms of high power consumption of the individual meters. Furthermore, measurement data in the form of data packets or telegrams can also be transmitted by radio, for example in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical) band frequency range. These frequency ranges have the advantage that the operators only need a general authorization of the frequency management. However, there is a problem that, due to the frequency of using such frequency ranges for various technical devices such as garage door controls, baby monitors, alarm systems, WLAN, Bluetooth, smoke detectors, etc., it can often interfere. The measurement data is collected wirelessly either by stationary or mobile data collectors (collectors) to which the measurement data provided in the transmitters of the consumption meters are transmitted.

For legal reasons, the transmitters of the consumption meters may only use measurement data, which are transmitted to a data collector at specific, very short stitching periods (stitch time or stitch time including time deviation), for the consumption evaluation. During these very short stitching periods, the transmitters of all metering devices transmit their data packets to the receiver of the data collector. Data packets received outside of the stitching periods are discarded. It happens quite often that the transmissions of measured data from transmitters of different consumption meters interfere with each other within the reference period. Even building-specific features can often lead to the fact that the transmission of the measurement data from the consumption meters to the data collector is disturbed. All of these factors mean that there is only a moderate probability that the data packets will pass through in the channel in question.

Nearest prior art

A method for data transmission of consumption meters according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 199 11 657 C2 in which a data management station sends a synchronization telegram to several data collection stations. The data collecting stations can then use the synchronization telegram to determine in which time slots the data transmission takes place.

Furthermore, from the DE 199 05 316 A1 a unidirectional data transmission system is known in which the receiver has a timer of its receiving mode, which is adapted to estimate based on setpoints for the intervals of successive data packets of the transmitter concerned the respective date of the expected next data transmission of the transmitter and the receiver temporarily in each case a transmission time interval, which contains the estimated time of data transmission, ready to receive.

Object of the present invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for data transmission, in particular for consumption measurement of consumption meters, with which an improved performance in the transmission of the measured data from the individual consumption meters to the data collector is made possible.

Solution of the task

The above object is achieved by the entire teaching of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are claimed in the subclaims.

Characterized in that the data collector (or "concentrator" called) generates a time reference based on which the respective communication module of the respective consumption meter can determine when the stitch period begins, the time reference is sent by the data collector by radio to the respective communication module, and the time sequence the transmission of data packets from the respective communication module to the data collector is adjusted in dependence on the time reference, the respective communication module can make a time comparison based on its own time measurement instrument and adjust its transmission behavior in this way. The time reference may be a time reference signal or a time reference signal unit, such as a synchronization signal or a synchronization sequence. Under stitch period is a stitch time for data transmission, z. B. every 15 minutes, as well as a before and after the stitching point subsequent, caused by the error of the time measurement instrument of the respective communication module tolerance period, eg. B. 9 seconds to understand. The data collector can either be stationary or mobile.

The time reference does not have to contain any data. The time reference can therefore be easily implemented in the timing of the consumption meter and / or the communication module. For example, the time reference may be a so-called beacon.

According to the invention, the time reference signal comprises a plurality of time reference partial signals (synchronization sequence), which are preferably sent to the respective communication module at different time intervals from the specific stitch period or stitch time and from the respective communication module based on the respective time interval of the time reference part signals with each other and / or to the particular Stitch period or the stitch time the remaining time is calculated to the specific stitch period. The communication module can thereby predict when the stitch period begins and is thus able to adjust its transmission behavior accordingly. Preferably, the time duration of the time intervals for the transmission of the data packets to the stitching period or stitch time decreases from (Count Down Sequence or Count Down Beacon).

Due to the fact that the adaptation takes place in such a way that the data packets are sent from the respective communication module to the data collector within the stitch period with increased transmission frequency, a higher data reliability and thus an improved performance can be achieved in view of the problems of data transmission described in the introduction. More relevant data packets than before can be transferred from the individual communication modules to the data collector within the reference period. This increases the probability of a good data transfer in comparison to the previously operated procedures. In addition, the invention makes it possible to achieve improved channel utilization.

Preferably, the respective communication module transmits identical data packets to the data collector several times within the stitching period. As a result, a further increase in data reliability can be achieved even with occasionally mutually interfering data transmission.

Preferably, such data packets that are sent to the data collector by the respective communication module outside of the specific stitch period are discarded by the data collector.

The invention also makes it possible to specify a desired channel load as the control variable and to determine the increase in the transmission frequency of the respective communication module to the data collector such that a predetermined maximum value of the channel load is not exceeded. As a result, the utilization efficiency of the channel or the utilization rate of the transmission channel can be optimized, while at the same time other channel loads can be taken into account when setting the maximum value.

According to an expedient development, the channel load in a previous transmission of data packets, z. For example, during transmission within the most recent stitch period. In doing so, external disturbances can be recorded and included in the determination of the degree of increase of the transmission frequency. This also makes it possible to further optimize the degree of utilization of the channel or the degree of utilization of the transmission channel.

The present invention makes it possible, within the stitching period for the transmission of data packets, to specify time slots, thus transmission time windows, only within which the transmission of the data packets can take place. In this way, it can be prevented that the transmission of the data packets from different communication modules interferes with one another.

In this case, preferably each consumption meter and / or each communication module can be assigned an individual time slot assigned to the respective consumption meter and / or communication module for the transmission of data packets of the relevant communication module. For example, the time slots are provided with slot numbers.

Preferably, the time duration of the timeslot may be derived from the transmission duration of the data packet, i. H. from the telegram length, as well as from the time error of a time measuring unit used in the consumption meter (eg oscillating quartz), d. H. from the time oscillator (quartz) accuracy and the expected time period from the last time reference signal. This allows for optimal transmission of the data packets, including the error inherent in the time-measuring instrument.

Advantageously, in the context of the method according to the invention in the transmission of the data packets does not necessarily have a frequency adjustment.

Appropriately, the communication module of the consumption meter can be permanently ready to receive a time reference signal of the data collector.

Alternatively, the communication module may not be permanently ready to receive to save energy. To carry out the time synchronization between the consumption meter and the data collector, the communication module can transmit to the data collector at regular intervals and / or as required a request signal for transmitting the time reference signal. Subsequently, the reception mode of the communication module is switched on for a limited time for the reception of the time reference signal. Due to the energy savings achieved thereby, the durability of the battery and thus the service life of a consumption meter can be extended to a particular extent.

list of figures

• 1 eine grob schematische Darstellung einer Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Datenübertragungssystems innerhalb eines mehrere Wohnhäuser umfassenden Einzugsgebietes mit einer Vielzahl von Verbrauchsmessgeräten;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge zweier Stichzeiträume;
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge eines Stichzeitraumes mit vorangegangenem Zeitreferenzsignal;
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge eines Stichzeitraumes mit vorangegangener Countdown-Sequenz;
• 5 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge eines Stichzeitraumes mit vorangegangener Synchronisationssequenz;
• 6 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge eines Stichzeitraumes mit Zeitslot-Unterteilung;
• 7 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge eines Zeitslots;
• 8 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge des Empfangszeitraumes eines Kommunikationsmoduls mit empfangenem Zeitreferenzsignal, sowie
• 9 eine schematische Darstellung der zeitlichen Abfolge mehrerer Empfangszeiträume eines Kommunikationsmoduls mit vorangegangenen Aufforderungssignalen sowie empfangenem Zeitreferenzsignal.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawing figures. Recurring features are provided for clarity only once with reference numerals. Show it:

• 1 a rough schematic representation of an embodiment of the data transmission system according to the invention within a multiple residential homes catchment area with a variety of consumption meters;
• 2 a schematic representation of the temporal sequence of two stitch periods;
• 3 a schematic representation of the temporal sequence of a stitch period with a preceding time reference signal;
• 4 a schematic representation of the time sequence of a stitch period with previous countdown sequence;
• 5 a schematic representation of the time sequence of a stitch period with previous synchronization sequence;
• 6 a schematic representation of the temporal sequence of a stitch period with time slot subdivision;
• 7 a schematic representation of the temporal sequence of a time slot;
• 8th a schematic representation of the time sequence of the receiving period of a communication module with received time reference signal, as well
• 9 a schematic representation of the time sequence of multiple reception periods of a communication module with previous request signals and received time reference signal.

1 shows an embodiment of a radio-operated data acquisition system for consumption meters 1 , With the consumption meters 1 These are usually electricity, water or heat meters. The consumption meters 1 each include a communication module 2 for sending data packets 4 , The consumption meters 1 or the communication modules 2 are z. B. in residential units 21 a larger residential building 20 and / or in individual homes 22 , There are also data collectors 3 in transmission range of the communication modules 2 , The data collector 3 have a sending and receiving unit for receiving the data packets 4 , The data transmission of the data packets 4 usually takes place via radio, in particular via ISM bands. The data collectors are equipped to increase the transmission and reception range of the radio signals 3 via antennas 24 , for example, by means of a line 23 , z. As a high-frequency line (RF line), with the data collector 3 are connected. The data collector 3 are preferably within the residential building 20 or permanently installed in its environment. In addition, the data collectors 3 via a connection 25 to a local network 26 be connected. This can be a closed network, an intranet, the Internet or the like. The connection 25 between data collectors 3 and network 26 can z. B. be configured via powerline, LAN or wireless.

The data collector 3 usually has a fixed power supply and can thus transmit and receive permanently without any energy bottlenecks. The consumption meters 1 and thus also their communication modules 2 On the other hand, they are usually battery operated and thus designed for economical energy consumption.

The communication modules 2 transmit consumption data at defined time intervals, such as As counter reading, temperature, average consumption or the like, to the data collector 3 , The data collector 3 Collect this data and / or route it over the network 26 directly to a parent, not shown central data collection, such. As the headquarters of an energy or water suppliers, on. Advantageously, consumption data of the consumption meters and / or malfunctions can be transmitted to the relevant data acquisition devices at desired times (stitch times).

For the timely data transmission, it is necessary that the data collector 3 and the communication modules 2 send and receive based on the same time. The consumption meters 1 or the communication modules 2 and the data collectors 3 each have a time measuring instrument for measuring the time and / or time recording of a certain period. As time measuring instrument quartz crystals are usually used. In the field of communication modules 2 However, an energy-saving variant of the timepiece instrument is to be provided. Usually, energy-saving and less stable measuring quartz crystals, such. As quartz watch crystals, used with measurement errors of, for example, about 100 ppm. In the area of the data collector 3 In contrast, more accurate timing instruments, which can have an increased power consumption, can be used as the data collector 3 usually no energy supply problems are to be expected. Alternatively or additionally, the current time as often as possible over the network 26 to the data collector 3 be transmitted. To always ensure that the communication module 2 and the data collector 3 have an at least almost the same time is between communication module 2 and data collectors 3 a time synchronization performed in the z. B. the time of the communication module 2 to the time of the data collector 3 is adjusted. This time synchronization takes place according to the invention as a function of a time reference signal 6 , which via the transmitting and receiving unit of the data collector 3 to the respective communication module 2 is transmitted.

2 shows the timing of two successive stitch times 9 and the associated stitching periods 10 , The stitching periods 10 include the desired stitch time 9 , z. For electricity meters every 15 minutes, and a tolerance period 11a before and a tolerance period 11b after the desired stitch point 9 , Within the stitch period 10 According to the invention, more and more data packets are being added 4 from the respective communication module 2 the associated consumption meter 1 to the data collector 3 transfer. Preferably, the respective communication module transmits 2 within a specific reference period 10 same data packets 4 several times to the data collector 3 to make sure that the data packet in question 4 at least once within the relevant stitch period 10 successfully transmitted. The goal here is to keep the data packets 4 within a stitch period 10 transmit as often as possible or perform as many repetitions as possible without other data transmissions (eg other communication modules 2 ) are disturbed.

The data packets 4 that are within the stitching periods 10 from the communication module 2 to the data collector 3 are transmitted, serve for the consumption of the respective consumption meter 1 , These data packets 4 can thereafter either for a later reading in the data collector 3 stored or transmitted via a radio link, an IT network, a powerline or the like directly to a central data collection. Outside the stitching periods 10 can also use data packets 4 be transmitted. Conveniently, however, those data packets 4 that fall outside the specified stitch period 10 from the respective communication module 2 to the data collector 3 be sent by the data collector 3 discarded.

numeral 6 in 3 denotes the time reference signal. The time reference signal 6 is from the data collector 3 generated and at a certain time t via radio to communication module 2 transmitted. Based on the time reference signal 6 can the respective communication module 2 determine, with the help of his timely instrument, when the reference period 10 starts. The time reference signal 6 may, for example, be the current time (eg 11:59:20) and / or the remaining time remaining until the beginning of the next stitch period 10 (eg still 40 seconds). Accordingly, the communication module 2 the exact duration or the time interval 12 (eg 40 seconds) until the beginning of the next stitch period 10 determine. This allows the chronological sequence of transmission of the data packets 4 from the respective communication module 2 to the data collector 3 in dependence of the time reference signal 6 be adjusted.

In addition, if desired, by the time transfer the time of the communication module 2 always with the data collector 3 be synchronized. Time deviations in the range of the time measuring instrument of the communication module 2 , which usually arise over the life of the timepiece, may be due to the regular time synchronization with the data collector 3 negligible be kept small.

4 shows the stitch period 10 , whose beginning the respective communication module 2 by the transmission of a time reference signal 6 consisting of several time reference sub-signals 6a - 6d exists, is transmitted. The time reference part signals 6a - 6d each contain information about the remaining time remaining (eg 40 seconds remaining, 30 seconds remaining, 20 seconds remaining, 10 seconds remaining) until the start of the stitching period 10 , The time reference part signals 6a -6d represent a countdown sequence showing the time remaining until the beginning of the stitching period 10 transmitted (eg every 10 seconds). Advantageously, the communication module 2 not all time reference sub-signals in this transmission of the time reference 6a - 6d receive. Rather, it can also be based on one of these time reference partial signals 6a - 6d the beginning of the stitch period 10 determine. As a result, the transmission reliability can be further increased because even if a plurality of time reference partial signals are lost 6a - 6d the beginning of the stitching period 10 from the communication module 2 is determined safely.

According to a further embodiment according to 5 the time reference signal exists 6 from a sequence of multiple time reference sub-signals 6a - 6d or a synchronization sequence. The time reference part signals 6a - 6d contain no data packets and are expediently as simple signals, such. B. beacons, designed. The likelihood of signal loss is thereby reduced to a particular extent, since such short signals are much easier and safer to transmit than larger data packets. The time reference part signals 6a - 6d have time intervals 12a - 12d each other and / or at the beginning of the stitch period 10 , The time intervals 12a - 12d are set within the synchronization sequence and usually start at the beginning of the stitch period 10 down.

Furthermore, the time intervals 12a - 12d unequal or different in length. In addition, the sums of two or more time intervals 12a - 12d unequal. Furthermore, there is a time interval 12a - 12d and the sum of two or more time intervals 12a - 12d unequal. This results in the advantage that the time amount of a time interval between any two and not necessarily directly consecutive time reference partial signals 6a - 6d is provided only once within the synchronization sequence. This allows the respective communication module 2 based on only one determined time interval between any two time reference partial signals 6a - 6d that is, by receiving only two time reference sub-signals 6a - 6d , the remaining time until the reference period 10 determine.

Conveniently, a channel load is provided as a control variable. The channel load describes the occupancy of the respective radio channel or the load on the respective frequency. The channel load settles a load due to interference and one due to the transmission of the data packet 4 justified load together. The increase in transmission frequency during the stitching period 10 from the respective communication module 2 to the data collector 3 is determined in such a way that a predetermined maximum value of the channel load is not exceeded. For example, it can thus be determined in advance that, starting from a channel assignment of 70%, the transmission frequency is reduced in order to thus improve the transmission probability. This can improve the performance of the transmission of the data packets 4 be improved without having to adjust the frequency. In a preferred manner, the channel load in a previous transmission of data packets 4 , preferably within the last stitch period 10 , be determined.

oder durch die Datenübertragungsparameter nach $$Las{t}_{proZähleroptimal}=\left(Anzah{l}_{Datenpaketsendung}\times Daue{r}_{Datenpaketsendung}\right)/Daue{r}_{Stichzeitraum}$$

bestimmen und daraus die optimale Anzahl der Wiederholungen der Datenpaketsendungen ableiten. Anhand der optimalen Anzahl der Wiederholungen kann die Sendehäufigkeit des jeweiligen Kommunikationsmoduls 2 situationsbedingt an die zur Verfügung stehenden Kanalressourcen optimiert angepasst werden.Furthermore, the data collector 3 the optimal load of the consumption meters either by the channel load after $$Las{t}_{prOZäHlerOptimal}=\left(Kanallas{t}_{GewünscHt}-Kanallas{t}_{Störer}\right)/AnzaH{l}_{VerbraucHsmessGeräte}$$

or by the data transfer parameters $$Las{t}_{prOZäHlerOptimal}=\left(AnzaH{l}_{DatenpaketsendunG}\times Daue{r}_{DatenpaketsendunG}\right)/Daue{r}_{SticHzeitraum}$$

determine and derive therefrom the optimal number of repetitions of the data packet transmissions. Based on the optimal number of repetitions, the transmission frequency of the respective communication module 2 Depending on the situation, it can be optimally adapted to the available channel resources.

According to a particular embodiment according to 6 can within the stitch period 10 for the transmission of data packets 4 time slots 8th within which the transmission of the data packets 4 to a data collector 3 he follows. This allows the respective consumption meters 1 and / or communication modules 2 certain time slots are assigned, within which the communication modules 2 to a data collector 3 send. Accordingly, every consumption meter 1 and / or communication module 2 at least one consumer meter 1 and / or the communication module 2 assigned time slot 8th for the transmission of data packets 4 of the relevant communication module 2 assigned. As a result, the mutual influence of the radio signals of the communication modules 2 reduced and the transmission performance is increased significantly.

The duration of a time slot 8th results according to 7 from the sum of the transmission duration 15 (Telegram length) of the data packet 4 and a period of time to compensate for a timing error in the consumption meter 1 or in the communication module 2 used timing instruments, z. B. the quartz crystal. The period for compensating the timing error includes one of the transmission times 15 preceded tolerance period 16a and one of the transmission times 15 adjusted tolerance period 16b , Preferably, the tolerance periods 16a . 16b the same length. The number of data packet transmissions is substantially increased by this embodiment. The security and performance of the data transmission is therefore improved to a particular extent.

In addition, consumption meters with poor signal levels can increase time slots 8th be made available to adverse conditions such. B. high data packet error rates, high Störerquoten, poor accessibility in basements, etc., compensate. As a result, a uniform performance for the data acquisition of different consumption meters can be guaranteed.

The representation according to 8th shows a method variant in which the communication module 2 permanently with reception mode switched on 13 works to the time reference signal 6 of the data collector 3 to recieve. The continuous operation of the receiving company 13 of the communication module 2 puts a load on the battery of the communication module 2 or the consumption meter 1 In order to save power capacity of the battery, it may also be provided that the receive mode is switched on only temporarily, during a specific tolerance period or switches off after a received time reference signal for a certain time t.

Alternatively, according to 9 be provided that the communication module 2 actively a time reference signal 6 of the data collector 3 requests. This is the reception mode 13 of the communication module 2 initially switched off. Furthermore, an additional signal or a request signal 14 provided, which is the communication module 2 to the data collector 3 transmitted. As a request signal 14 is a short and energy-saving radio signal, such. B. a beacon provided. Following the transmission of the prompt signal 14 the reception mode switches 13 of the communication module 2 one. Depending on the transmission duration and time interval to the stitch period, the data collector sends 3 then the time reference signal 6 , This results in the advantage that the receiving operation 13 of the communication module 2 does not have to be permanently on to the time reference signal 6 to recieve. The power consumption of the consumption meter and thus the durability of the battery can thus be increased in particular.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

consumption meter

2

communication module

3

data collector

4

data packet

5

control device

6

Time reference signal

6a-6d

Time Reference Signal

7

control device

8th

time slot

9

Cut-off time

10

Stich period

11a, 11b

Tolerance period

12

lag

12a-12d

lag

13

receive mode

14

request signal

15

transmission time

16a, 16b

Tolerance period

20

residential building

21

apartment

22

residential building

23

management

24

antenna

25

connection

26

network

Claims (13)

Method for data transmission, in particular for consumption data acquisition of consumption meters (1), with a plurality of each equipped with a communication module (2) consumption meters (1), a data collector (3) for receiving data packets (4) of the consumption meters (1), wherein the Data packets (4) at certain time intervals within a certain stitch period (10) from the respective communication module (2) in the transmission mode by radio to the data collector (3) are sent, wherein the data collector (3) a control device (5) for the timing of a receive operation which is adapted to receive successive data packets (4) in chronological order, the data collector (3) generates a time reference signal (6), by means of which the respective communication module (2) can determine when the puncture period (10) begins, the time reference signal (6) from the data collector (3) by radio to the respective communication module (2) is sent, and the timing of the transmission of the data packets (4) from the respective communication module (2) to the data collector (3) in response to the time reference signal (6) is adjusted, characterized in that the time reference signal (6) a plurality of time reference part signals (6a-6d ), which are sent to the respective communication module (2) from the data collector (3) at different time intervals to the stitch period (10), and from the respective communication module (2) based on the respective time interval of the time reference part signals (6a-6d) with each other or at the stitch period (10), the remaining time until the stitch period (10) is calculated. Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the adaptation takes place in such a way that the data packets (4) within the stitch period (10) with increased frequency of transmission from the respective communication module (2) to the data collector (3) are sent. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within the stitch period (10) the respective communication module (2) repeatedly sends identical data packets (4) to the data collector (3). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that those data packets (4) which are sent outside the stitch period (10) by the respective communication module (2) to the data collector (3) are discarded by the data collector (3). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a channel load is provided as the control variable and the increase of the transmission frequency of the respective communication module (2) to the data collector (3) is determined such that a predetermined maximum value of the channel load is not exceeded. Method according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the channel load is composed of a load due to interference and a load based on the transmission of the data packet (4). Method according to Claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that the channel load in a previous transmission of data packets (4), preferably within the last stitch period (10) is measured. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within the puncture period (10) time slots (8) are defined for the transmission of data packets (4) within which the transmission of the data packets (4) takes place. Method according to Claim 8 , characterized in that each communication module (2) at least one of the communication module (2) associated time slot (8) for the transmission of data packets (4) of the respective communication module (2) is assigned. Method according to Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that the time duration of the time slot (8) from the transmission duration of the data packet (4) and the time oscillator accuracy and the expected period of the last time reference signal is set. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission of the data packets (4) takes place without frequency adaptation Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the communication module (2) is permanently ready to receive. Method according to at least one of Claims 1 - 11 , characterized in that the communication module (2) is not permanently ready to receive, the communication module (2) the data collector (3) a request signal (14) for transmitting the time reference signal (6) is transmitted and then the communication module (2) for receiving the time reference signal (6) is ready to receive.

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