DE102016011215A1 - The invention relates to a color system for displaying the colors visible to the human eye. The color system comprises twelve additive basic colors, each 30 sub-colors (mixed colors). The color value is used as the color angle (color point) on the color-tone-scale - Google Patents

Abstract

FCDS- is an additive color system for displaying the colors visible to the human eye. The color system comprises twelve additive primary colors, each 30 sub-colors (mixed colors). The color value is displayed as a color angle (color point) on the color-coded circle between 0 '' - 12 ''. c. t. (about 0 '' for red, 2 '' for yellow, 8 '' for blue) whiteness and blackness are shown on extra circle wheels (each 2 wheels per white and black) in percentage from 0-100%.

Description

Object of the invention

An object of the invention is to develop a general color system, in particular a subtractive color model for the improved visualization of the colors visible to the human eye in subtractive absorption spectra.
The goal is to optimize and improve subtractive color mixing (FCDS system for paints, coatings, architecture, design, fashion).

Disclosure of the invention and its advantages

The object is solved by the features of claim 1, claim 2, as well as by the features of claim 3.

A first subject of the invention accordingly relates to a color model based on a core color system. The FCDS (Fluxor Color Design System) is a color system based on the twelve "basic colors" Red, Orange, Yellow, Lime, Green, Turquoise, Aqua, Ocean-Blue, Blue, Violet, Fuchsia and Raspberry, each 30 sub-colors (mixed colors) , Black and white are displayed on extra circle wheels (2 wheels per white and black) in percentages of 0-100%. The first wheel is represented in increments of ten and the second wheel in turn has a one-step gradation.

The core color system is based on the basic idea that the complete color spectrum visible to humans (between 380 nm to 780 nm) can be subdivided into 12 basic color spaces corresponding to human perception.

It's about the color space around orange (from the warm yellow, over orange to the warm red), the color space around violet (from cool red, over fuchsia and raspberry to pure violet), the color space around pure blue (from pure violet, over blue, ocean-blue, aqua to turquoise) and the color space from green to lime to cool yellow).

The respective color space also includes the whitening in white, the darkening in black and the mixtures in the gray areas.

The 12 basic colors (Red, Orange, Yellow, Lime, Green, Turquoise, Aqua, Ocean Blue, Blue, Violet, Fuchsia and Raspberry) are arranged as color dots on the watch dial. That means: Color Red corresponds to 0 o'clock, Lime corresponds to 3 o'clock and Blue corresponds to 8 o'clock. Between the 12 basic colors there are twelve circles, each with 30 sub-colors or mixed colors, which represents a second subject of the invention.

Compared to the existing RGB model, especially the twelve pure primary colors (the entire visible color spectrum) bring a strong improvement in the reproduction of red-orange, orange-yellow, yellow-lime, lime-green, green-turquoise, turquoise-aqua, Aqua-Ocean-Blue, Ocean-Blue-Blue, Blue-Violet, Violet-Fuchsia, Fuchsia-Raspberry shades.
In addition, one achieves a considerably larger color gamut than the common four-color printing (CMYK model, Euroscale, ISO scale).

FCDS (Fluxor Color Design System)

Structure and special features:

The FCDS color system is based on the twelve core colors Red, Orange, Yellow, Lime, Green, Turquoise, Aqua, Ocean Blue, Blue, Violet, Fuchsia and Raspberry, whereby the color black is obtained by absorption of all spectral ranges and the color white can be represented by reflection of all spectral ranges. The twelve colorful colors are arranged so that they form a color circle of twelve color dots. The color value is represented as the color angle (color point) on the hue-scale scale between 0 '' - 12 '' ct (about 0 '' for red, 2 '' for yellow, 8 '' for blue).
There are 12 color spaces between the twelve primary colors (Red-Orange, Orange-Yellow, Yellow-Lime, Lime-Green, Green-Turquoise, Turquoise-Aqua, Aqua-Ocean-Blue, Ocean-Blue-Blue, Blue-Violet, Violet - Fuchsia, Fuchsia-Raspberry), each with 30 sub-colors or mixed colors to represent by mixing the primary colors in variable intensity all perceptible by the human eye colors in any variable intensity in an absorption spectrum.
Whiteness and blackness are displayed on extra circle wheels (2 wheels per white and black) in percentages of 0-100%.

First, the position of the base hue on the hue-scale is given between 0 '' - 12 '' ct, for example YE-00 is in the 2 o'clock position and contains 100% pure or (30 parts) yellow. Further example AQ-10 as AQ is in position 6 o'clock and contains 20 parts (called flux) from AQ-Aqua and 10 parts (called flux) from OB (Ocean-Blue). Other color properties are black and colored in 0-100%. For example, the color code YE-05-09-26 results, a yellow color in the position 2 o'clock with 5 Flux. LI-Lime color (255 parts yellow and 5 parts lime), with 9% white and 26% black. Corresponds to: HEX. # aebd17 or CMYK (31% 25% 91% 1%)
In this way, all colors can be described, even those that are not shown.
!!! Attention: Hue descriptions are not mixed recipes.

State of the art

Additive color mixing

The law of additive color mixing is based on the principle of colored light. Through the three cones of our retina, the three primary colors of light are red, green and blue. If you mix them together, you get lighter shades. The result is a mixture of green and blue cyan, red and green, yellow and blue and red magenta. If you mix all three colors at the same intensity, you get white. By this principle, the color television and the color representation work on the screen of the computer. In graphics, it is known as an RGB model (red, green blue), sometimes referred to as a physical color model.

Subtractive make-up mix

The subtractive make-mix is when working with color substances such. B. applied when printing. The color substances reflect wavelengths and also absorb certain wavelengths of white light. If a coloring substance absorbs short-wavelength light, such as. B. Blue, then reflects this long and medium wave light and is therefore perceived as yellow. When it absorbs medium wave light like green, it reflects short and medium wave light and it appears to us as magenta. If a color substance absorbs longwave light like the red, we see it as cyan because the colorant reflects short and medium wave light.

In the case of subtractive color mixing, therefore, the primary colors yellow, cyan and magenta are assumed. The mixed color substances absorb multiple wavelengths of light and reflect blending tones that are darker than the three primary colors. During mixing, therefore, the luminosity of the colors decreases. If you mix all three colors at full intensity, then you get black, which means: no light is reflected anymore. For color photography and 3-color printing, subtractive color mixing is used. In 4-color printing, an intense black is added, so that the printed image gets more depth. In addition, black areas do not have to be mixed from the 3 basic colors. In the graphics area this is the CMYK model (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black)

hexachrome

Hexachrome is a subtractive color mixing process in the printing industry that uses orange and green in addition to the CMYK colors. This method was developed to increase the usable color space. The basic colors cyan, magenta, yellow and black were also changed. The patentee, the company Pantone, has developed this process, which in addition to a much better color representation in photos (which was not development goal), the printing of spot colors without the use of genuine spot colors is possible (important in packaging printing).

Natural color system

The structure of the Natural Color System is based on the Ostwald double cone and is used especially in the mixture of paints and colors.

The Natural Color System (NCS) is a color system developed by the Scandinavian Color Institute in Stockholm, which is based on the natural color perception (color perception) of humans. The NCS color system is based on the six elementary colors yellow, red, blue, green, black and white. The four bright colors are arranged so that they form a color circle. Black and white form the endpoints of a straight line that passes through the center of the circle. Together, they form the double cone that completes the color space of the NCS color system. All colors are named according to their similarity to the elementary colors.

Disadvantages of the prior art

The above-mentioned color systems used in screens and in the printing area have serious problems in color reproduction in special color segments. The color gamut is limited and only approximately corresponds to the colors visible to the human eye.

The existing RGB model has weaknesses, especially in the rich green area. A rich green, turquoise and aquamarine tones can not be displayed with the RGB model. In addition, there are weaknesses in the pure and bright yellow / orange range. In offset printing, color distortions can occur.

Subtractive color mixing (CMYK, Hexachrome for printing)

• • Die Kanäle sind nicht gleichberechtigt, Schwarz deckt alles zu.
• • Die Algorithmen von Vimage berücksichtigen nicht den CMYK-Schwarzkanal, wodurch Farbverfälschungen entstehen können.
• • Die angezeigten Farben des Vimage-Zeichenwerkzeugfensters sind immer RGB-Farben.
• • Farbschummerungen werden immer in RGB generiert.

The existing CMYK system with its three bright colors has great weaknesses in the depiction of blue and violet tones, pure orange and pure grass green. The Hexachrome system has a better reproduction of the green and orange shades with the two additional colors orange and green, but also with this system there are weaknesses in the blue and violet range despite the use of a total of five color shades. Also, the use of one or more light gradations of magenta and cyan, as are common in inkjet printers, bring in blue and violet tones no significant improvements. even the screen colors are not always right.

• • The channels are not equal, black covers everything.
• • Vimage's algorithms do not take into account the CMYK black channel, which can cause color distortions.
• • The displayed colors of the Vimage drawing window are always RGB colors.
• • Color shadows are always generated in RGB.

Subtractive color mixing (NCS system for paints, lacquers)

The NCS system has a better representation of the blue tones through the use of the four bright colors (yellow, green, red and blue), but large weaknesses in the cool red, magenta, purple and violet range.

Claims (4)

FCDS- is an additive color system for the visualization of the colors visible to the human eye. The color system comprises twelve additive primary colors, each 30 sub-colors (mixed colors) The color value is calculated as the color angle (color point) on the hue-scale scale between 0 '' - 12 '' c. t. (about 0 '' for red, 2 '' for yellow, 8 '' for blue) Whiteness and blackness are represented on extra circle wheels (each 2 wheels per white and black) in percentage from 0-100%. FCDS is an additive color model for displaying colors perceptible by the human eye by emitting different spectral regions (nm) in the human-eye-perceptible portion of the decomposed light in variable intensity, the color being black by absence of all spectral regions, and the color white by presence all spectral ranges can be represented, characterized by a use of the spectral regions of twelve in each adjacent color spaces lying core colors (primary colors), the twelve core colors are individually controllable in intensity to all perceptible by the human eye colors in any variable intensity in an emission spectrum display. An additive color model according to claim 2, characterized by a use of the colors Red, Orange, Yellow, Lime, Green, Turquoise, Aqua, Ocean Blue, Blue, Violet, Fuchsia and Raspberry, as core colors (main colors). Subtractive color model for displaying colors perceptible by the human eye by means of a variable absorption of different spectral regions in the part of the light perceivable by the human eye by using different spectral ranges of absorbing primary colors of different intensities, the color being black by absorption of all spectral ranges and the color white can be represented by reflection of all spectral regions, characterized by a use of at least twelve primary colors, wherein the color fuchsia or raspberry is one of the primary colors. Subtractive color model according to claim 3, characterized by a use of the colors Red, Orange, Yellow, Lime, Green, Turquoise, Aqua, Ocean Blue, Blue, Violet, Fuchsia and Raspberry as primary colors, each at the boundaries between by core colors Red, Orange, Yellow, Lime, Green, Turquoise, Aqua, Ocean-Blue, Blue, Violet, Fuchsia and Raspberry color spaces are to mix all the basic colors in varying intensity all perceptible by the human eye colors in any variable intensity in an absorption spectrum display.

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