DE102016005909A1 - Separation process, concentrate, separation device and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or purifying or refining the mixture, each of the substances having a different boiling or evaporation point and melting or solidification point, comprising the steps: Tempering and / or pressure change of the mixture, so that the state of matter of one of the substances of the physical state of at least the other substance is different, wherein the tempering and / or pressure changing further comprises the steps of: filling the mixture into a housing, tempering the mixture by contacting a in the heat exchanger device arranged in the housing with stirring of the mixture, wherein the mixture during stirring, the mixture is moved along the heat exchanger surfaces to the outside and wherein a power transmission for stirring from outside the housing inwardly contactless without breakthrough durchge through the housing leads. Moreover, the invention relates to a device, a concentrate and a use for this purpose.

Description

The invention relates to a method for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or purifying or refining the mixture, each of the substances having a different boiling or vaporization point and melting or solidification point, according to claim 1.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or cleaning or refining of the mixture, wherein in at least one container, the mixture is added and each of the substances of the mixture a different boiling or evaporation point and melting or solidification point, according to the preamble of claim 6.

The invention also relates to a concentrate of a mixture, in particular a concentrated or purified or refined mixture, wherein each of the substances of the mixture has a different boiling or evaporation point and melting or solidification point, according to claim 10. In addition, the invention relates to a concentrate the use of a cooling mass production device, in particular a binary ice production device for producing a concentrate, according to the preamble of claim 9.

The invention further relates to the use of a process for seawater desalination, for water clarification, for beverage production, for cooking, cooling, and / or for concentrating food, for the production of ice wine, for cleaning mixtures, in a cooking device, in a cooling device, in which Fermentation, in a wheat presentation, in the production of sour dough, in the production of liquid yeast, in vinegar production, in the production of applesauce, in the construction industry, in concrete cooling, in the air conditioning of buildings, in fish and small animal killing, in the Medicine, in the fat burning, in cooling rechargeable batteries, in the gas refining, in the production of liquids, in the production of refrigerants, in refrigerants for cooling circuits, heat sources for heat pumps, in energy storage, in giant cooling batteries, CHPs, in the production of ice , in food production, in bakeries, in butchery , fisheries, dairy, dumpling and / or kitchens according to claim 11.

Methods and apparatus for separating substances of a mixture are well known. Such methods and devices are complicated.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method, a concentrate, a device and a use in which a more effective separation of substances of a mixture is possible.

These and other objects are achieved on the basis of a method according to claim 1, a device according to claim 6, a concentrate according to claim 10 and a use according to claim 11 in combination with their features. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The invention includes the technical teaching that in a method for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or cleaning or refining of the mixture, wherein each of the substances has a different boiling or evaporation point and melting or Solidification point, comprising the steps of: tempering and / or pressure varying the mixture, so that the physical state of one of the substances of the physical state of at least the other material is different, wherein the tempering and / or pressure changing further comprises the steps of: filling the mixture into a housing Tempering of the mixture by contacting a heat exchange device arranged in the housing with stirring of the mixture, wherein the mixture is moved along the heat exchanger surfaces to the outside while stirring and wherein a power transmission for stirring from outside the housing inwardly contactless o Breakthrough is performed through the housing. The process is preferably carried out continuously. In one embodiment, the mixture is filled into a container or a housing. In other embodiments, the method is also practicable without filling into a container or a housing. When filling in a container, the temperature and / or the pressure control is easier to carry out.

In one embodiment, it is provided that a pressure change is made in the container, so that the state of aggregation state is brought about both by a temperature change and by a pressure change. Under container according to the invention can summarize spaces that are closed or closed or closed. The rooms are designed so that in the room a temperature and / or pressure control is executable / are.

In a further embodiment it is provided that one of the substances, which differs in its aggregate state from the other substance or substances, is separated from the other substance or substances.

Yet another embodiment provides that the state of matter be effected in a region near the boiling point / evaporation point or around the melting / solidification point.

In addition, an embodiment provides that the separated material for temperature control is supplied to a connected and / or connectable system.

The invention also includes the technical teaching that in a device for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or cleaning or refining of the mixture, wherein in at least one container, the mixture is added and each of the substances of the mixture a different boiling or evaporation point and melting or solidification point is provided that means are provided for carrying out the method described above, in particular that the means comprise a heat exchange means for controlling the temperature of the mixture, which are a plurality of spaced apart and at least partially fluidly with each other having associated heat exchanger plates, wherein for stirring to the outside therebetween stirring elements are provided, which are drivable via at least one of the heat exchanger plates penetrating drive unit, wherein for a power transmission to the stirring elements ü A contactless power transmission unit, in particular a magnetic coupling, is provided via the drive unit from outside the housing inwards, so that the housing is formed without breakdown in the area of the power transmission.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the means comprise at least one pressure relief device, so that in order to change an aggregate state of a substance to be separated from the mixture in addition to a temperature control, a pressure change is vornehmbar.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the means comprise at least one separating device for separating the substance to be separated from the mixture.

Yet another embodiment provides that the means comprise a feed device of the separated substance for tempering a connected and / or connectable system.

The invention further includes the technical teaching that in a concentrate of a mixture, especially in a concentrated or purified or refined mixture, each of the substances of the mixture having a different boiling or evaporation point and melting or solidification point, is provided in that the concentrate is produced by a method and / or a device as described above.

The invention includes not least the technical teaching that a use of a method described above and / or a device described above for seawater desalination, for water treatment, for beverage production, cooking, cooling, and / or for concentrating food, for the production of ice wine , For cleaning of mixtures, in a cooking device, in a cooling device, in fermentation, in a wheat presentation, in the production of sourdough, in the production of liquid yeast, in vinegar production, in the production of applesauce, in the construction industry concrete cooling, building air conditioning, fish and small animal killing, medicine, fat burning, chilling batteries, gas refining, gas extraction from liquids, refrigerants, refrigerants for cooling circuits, heat sources for heat pumps , in energy storage, at Rie coolers, in the production of ice, in food production, in bakeries, in butchers, in fisheries, in milk processing, in dumpling production and / or in commercial kitchens.

In one embodiment, the method is designed for at least partially separating at least one solid of the gaseous component dissolved in a liquid, in particular for concentrating a liquid solution, comprising the steps of: generating an ice slurry, more precisely crystallizing out a water portion from the liquid solution, exposing the produced product Ice slurry, more specifically the water crystals, in an environment of temperature and / or pressure, so that in the environment the water crystals would melt, so the environment is in the range of a melting point of a mixture, and at least partially separating a solidifying when exposed in the environment Part of the ice slurry. The component may be gaseous, liquid or solid or a mixture of different forms. In one embodiment, a component is dissolved in the liquid, solid or gas. In other embodiments, multiple components are dissolved in the liquid, the solids, or the gas. Preferably, a component is dissolved in the liquid, solids or gas. In one embodiment, the component dissolved in the liquid has a freezing point different from the liquid. and / or melting point or evaporation and / or liquefaction point at respectively different pressure or vacuum. In the case of a plurality of components, the plurality of components preferably each have a freezing and / or melting point or evaporation and / or liquefaction point at respectively different pressure or vacuum, which lies in the range of the other components and / or which differs from the freezing and / or Melting point or liquefaction and / or evaporation point at each different pressure or vacuum of the liquid differs. From the solution of component (s) and liquid, a binary ice or ice cream is preferably prepared. This is preferably done in a continuous ice making process. The ice making process in one embodiment is as follows.

In the ice-making process for producing a flowable, pumpable temperature-controlled, in particular cooled, solution or mass or cooling compound, in particular for use as and / or for foods and foods from the flowable solution or mixture, the following steps are carried out: filling the flowable Solution or of the mixture in a housing, tempering, in particular cooling or heating with simultaneous or time-delayed increase or decrease the pressure of the flowable solution or the mixture, the solids or the gas or the mixed matrix or the already prepared solution or cooling mass means Contacting a heat exchange device arranged in the housing or, more generally, a heating and / or cooling device with stirring, moving in particular continuous stirring, or agitating the solution, solids or the gas or the matrix or in general the mixture, so as to produce the mass or mixture, preferably the ice slurry and / or to produce the crystallization or outgassing of at least one component of the mixture. The matrix or solution, generally the mixture, is any fluid that can be pumped. The solution or matrix (mixture) may be solid, liquid, viscous, mushy, mushy or gaseous or a mixture or the like. Preferably, the matrix or solution is a mixture or mixture of base or base component - preferably a base fluid or a base fluid, generally fluid - and one or more additives or one or more components. The component is soluble in one embodiment in the liquid or generally the mixture. Preferably, the solution is a binary fluid, such as a binary sirloin, a beverage, wine, beer, lemonade, juice, and the like. In one embodiment, the solution or matrix (mixture) is a musm, such as an apple sauce, a jam or the like. The solution or matrix (mixture) is suitable for use as a food, food and / or additive for them. In another embodiment, the matrix is a binary sifting. In yet another embodiment, the matrix or solution (mixture) is a water-sugar solution. In yet another embodiment, the matrix or solution (mixture) is a water-salt-sugar solution or other formulation. In another form, it is a fuel or hydrous gas. In another embodiment, it is a polluted or contaminated liquid from which certain substances (components) are to be separated out. In another embodiment, it is a solid such as plastic granules, powder or pellets to be separated from the liquid or gaseous substances. The base fluid or raw material or solution (mixture) has a defined or sliding melting and / or freezing / solidification point or vaporization or liquefaction point. The additive or component is designed to change the melting point and / or the freezing point or evaporation or liquefaction point, in particular such that the melting point and / or the freezing point or evaporation or liquefaction point is reduced or increased. The tempering may include both cooling, heating and both, as well as an increase in pressure or pressure reduction. The concentration of the additive or component in the base fluid, the substance or the solution (mixture) is arbitrarily set or adjustable up to a saturation of the additive in the base fluid (mixture). The matrix or solution (mixture) in one embodiment is cooled to or below the freezing point of the base fluid or liquid. Due to the addition or the component does not freeze the basic mass or the solution at the set temperature. The matrix or solution is cooled down accordingly so that the matrix or solution in an embodiment as a cooling mass or ice slurry, which is still pumpable, is usable. The cooling mass or ice slurry is used in particular for cooling and for admixing the additive and / or the base fluid in other food-processing processes, such as meat production, dough production, bread making, confectionery, especially bakery and the like. Preferably, the method for producing a concentrated solution can be used. The base fluid or liquid in one embodiment is water, especially food grade water, that is, water that is useful for food production. The additive or components is preferably a food grade additive / food grade component, that is, an additive that is useful for food production. Another basic fluid is milk. Yet another basic fluid is juice or the like. The cooling mass or the Eisbrei is made from the liquid matrix (mixture). For this, the base fluid or liquid is prepared with a predetermined percentage of an additive or a component. For example, the basic mass is a binary ice lolly. Accordingly, the basic fluid is water and the additive salt. In another preferred embodiment, the base fluid is water and the additive is sugar. In one embodiment, the matrix is a beverage, preferably an alcoholic beverage such as wine, beer or the like. The matrix is preferred as an approximately 0.01-20% matrix, preferably as an approximately 0.1-4.5% matrix, and most preferably as an approximately 0.5-2.5% matrix mixed. The same applies to a sugar water solution, an alcoholic beverage and the like. In one embodiment, the matrix or solution is added to a container or mixed directly in the container in which cooling takes place. The container is preferably cylindrical, in another form it is conical. Preferably, the container is insulated according to the medium temperature and ambient temperature to prevent transmission heat loss and dew point undershoot. In another embodiment, the container is double-walled to provide more heat exchange surface on the inner wall. The container is preferably designed as a cooling tank, in another embodiment, it is designed as a heating tank or as a cooling and heating tank. The container is preferably designed as a pressureless container. That is, the container, in one embodiment, holds a vacuum. In another embodiment, it is designed as a pressure vessel or as a vacuum. In this case, the base material (mixture) is pre-cooled or preheated before being added to the container in one step. An addition is preferably controlled, in particular controlled as a function of a level of the container. Preferably, the addition is controlled so that a desired level is maintained. As soon as the base material (mixture) with the desired concentration ratio has been added to the container and thus contacts the heat exchanger or heat exchanger located there or at the corresponding heat exchanger surfaces, the cooling and / or heating of the base material (of the mixture) begins. The cooling or heating, generally tempering, is controlled, for example temperature-controlled, time-controlled, energy-controlled, ice-thickness-controlled, pressure-controlled or the like. Preferably, the cooling and / or heating is carried out under permanent and / or interrupted stirring of the matrix. In this way, a thorough mixing of the matrix is realized from the beginning. In the course of cooling and / or heating of the matrix it comes because of the change in the environment, as the temperature and / or pressure change, in particular the temperature reduction or increase in the range of freezing point or the evaporation point of the base fluid or the basic mass to one Crystal or gas formation, a partial state of aggregate state change and thus an ice layer or gas formation on the heat exchanger surfaces. But other layer formations such as sticking, sticking or separating by different density or the like lead to a layer formation. Since stirring preferably takes place without contact with the heat exchanger surfaces, stirring is initially not blocked by the layer, in particular the ice layer. However, stirring also occurs in closely spaced proximity to the heat exchanger surfaces. In this case, a distance between a stirring surface of a stirring element and a heat exchanger surface is selected such that only a predetermined layer thickness or accumulation of solid constituents or ice thickness can block stirring. The distance is selected so that it is in the range of about 0.1 to 60 millimeters, preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 30 millimeters, and most preferably in a range of 0.1 to 5 millimeters. If a layer such as an ice layer having a layer thickness or ice layer thickness exceeding a predetermined value is formed on the heat exchanger surface, the cooling is interrupted or heated, so that the ice formed on the heat exchanger surface can defrost or dissolve in the matrix or the layer can be removed or reduced. As soon as the (ice) layer thickness falls below a predetermined value or a predetermined time window or another control variable is exceeded, the cooling is continued. This process continues until a desired consistency of cooling mass, for example of ice-cream or sugar-free ice is achieved. The then finished, pumpable cooling mass or the then finished binary ice or sugar ice cream is pumped and is removed via a tapping point from the container. The feed and tapping point are preferably attached to different ends of the container so that the solution passes through the container from filling to tapping. The cooling temperature is set so that the basic mass does not freeze completely.

As a cooling medium for cooling or generally as a heat / refrigerant by means of heat exchangers in one embodiment, a food-safe cooling medium or refrigerant, such as glycol, temper, Thermera Friogel Neo or food grade brine, food grade sugar water, or a food safe refrigerant such as CO2, propane or used the same. As a result, the method and the device described below can be used for the production of cooling mass such as ice cream or sugar ice cream in the food industry. In the event of leakage, the food-grade cooling medium thus comes into contact with the cooling mass or the binary ice or sugar ice, but not the refrigerant used for refrigeration, so that there is no risk for users due to contamination generated by refrigerant and refrigeration oil. A refrigerant for cooling the cooling medium flows through a secondary circuit. The stirrer for stirring the ice slurry or the solution is located within the housing. The actuator for driving the agitator or the stirring elements arranged thereon is located outside the housing. For the power transmission, a power transmission unit such as a clutch and / or a transmission is provided. In order to make the housing as tight as possible, so with as few openings or through holes, the power transmission is performed contactless. That is, the agitator disposed within the housing is non-contactlessly coupled without contact with the actuator arranged outside the housing. The coupling is performed in a preferred embodiment with a magnetic coupling. The magnetic coupling has a coupling part lying outside the housing and a coupling part lying inside the housing. The coupling parts interact magnetically with each other, so that a contactless coupling of the coupling parts and thus the agitator and the actuator is ensured. The internal coupling part is correspondingly in operative connection with the agitator. The external coupling part is correspondingly in operative connection with the actuator. Analogous to cooling is an embodiment for heating.

In another embodiment, a tempering / refrigerant is used for the tempering / cooling / heating as tempering / cooling medium, so that the method or the device is operated in a direct-evaporator operation or as a direct evaporator. A refrigerant is, for example, CO ₂ or the like.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the tempering or cooling of the mass is carried out to temper or cool the mass to a temperature in the range of plus / minus 5 Kelvin around the melting point or freezing point or another temperature range of the basic mass that can be defined for food processing , preferably in a range of plus / minus 3 Kelvin around the melting point or freezing point or the defined temperature range and most preferably plus / minus 1.5 Kelvin around the melting point or freezing point or the defined temperature range.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the tempering or heating of the mass or the substance, a tempering or heating of the mass to a temperature in the range of plus / minus 5 Kelvin to the evaporation or liquefaction point or another for food processing definable temperature range of the basic mass is carried out, preferably in a range of plus / minus 3 Kelvin to the evaporation or liquefaction point or the defined temperature range and most preferably plus / minus 1.5 Kelvin to the evaporation or liquefaction point or the defined temperature range.

In one embodiment of the present invention it is provided that a layer thickness detection and / or a viscosity detection is performed. The layer thickness detection is carried out in various ways, for example directly, via a direct measurement of the layer thickness, for example optically, haptically, by means of sound waves or other waves, or the like, or indirectly, for example by detection of derived variables. The layer thickness detection is preferably carried out indirectly. For example, the layer thickness detection is carried out by stirring or by a distance between the ice and a stirring element. If the ice layer thickness is too strong, stirring will be blocked. This increases the resistance for a stirrer which carries out the stirring. By detecting the resistance it can be deduced when an ice layer thickness is too strong. Accordingly, the cooling is interrupted at a sufficient resistance increase. The interruption is for example timed, Eisschichtdickengesteuert, temperature controlled or the like. The interruption occurs, for example, for a preset or variable period of time. In another embodiment, the interruption takes place as a function of the ice layer thickness, in other embodiments depending on the resistance, in another embodiment depending on the current consumption of the actuator. The layer thickness detection is carried out in one embodiment integrated with the stirring.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the stirring takes place without contact with the heat exchanger device. The stirring takes place without contact to the heat exchanger device, in particular to the heat exchanger surfaces. In this case, stirring takes place along the heat exchanger surfaces, so that a good mixing of the ice formed on the heat exchanger surfaces or the layer formed there and the matrix is realized. Preferably, parallel stirring takes place at several points. The stirring is designed in particular as axial and / or radial stirring. In one embodiment, the stirring takes place in a plane, for example a plane parallel to the heat exchanger surfaces. Preferably, the base mass and / or the ice or the cooling mass is moved radially along the heat exchanger surfaces to the outside. In another embodiment, stirring takes place in at least one further direction, for example perpendicular to the direction described above.

Still another embodiment of the present invention provides that the method is performed in an inclined position. In particular, at least the housing is inclined for carrying out the method. Here, the housing, the heat exchanger device and / or the stirring device or the agitator is oriented obliquely. Due to the different properties, in particular the density of the substance, the cooling mass or the ice slurry, the ice or ice crystals and the matrix (mixture), the matrix is moved at an angle to the lowest point of the housing, for example, due to gravity and layers get up from there. The finished cooling mass is moved to a higher point due to the lower density. In this way, ground ice or the cooling mass or ice slurry is placed at a higher position. Therefore, the basic fluid water is preferred. Accordingly, a not yet completed cooling mass is mixed with non-mixed ice, at a lower location or location. By appropriately arranging a tapping point at a higher or lower position, the finished cooling ice or the finished cooling mass can be removed from the container before the entire basic mass has been converted into a cooling mass. In this way, an improved production of cooling mass can be realized, as can be seen earlier cooling mass and thus due to the level control or level control, the basic mass can be refilled earlier. In another application, the same device can be used for separating substances in which substances are separated from one another by the thermal treatment via the different substance density. The skew is controlled for example via a control unit. Thus, in one embodiment, an angular range of about 0 ° to about 90 °, preferably from about 5 ° to about 35 °, and most preferably an angular range of about 10 ° to about 20 °, preferably set by 15 °. Other values can also be set. The skew is varied in one embodiment during the production of the coolant. For example, the skew at the beginning of a manufacturing process is greater and decreases as the process progresses. According to the currently set angle, the cooling is adjustable. Thus, at a greater oblique position, a stronger cooling, for example reinforced in the region of the underlying heat exchanger surfaces. In accordance with the inclined position, the fill level is set in one embodiment. Thus, for example, the level is lower for a larger inclined position. With decreasing skew, in one embodiment initially higher heat exchanger surfaces are switched on and / or off. Similarly, the process is carried out with heating, with the lighter gaseous component rising to a higher location.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides that a conveyance of the tempered matrix (mixture), in particular of the cooling ice, and / or the matrix in at least one direction, preferably in several directions is performed. In this case, a preferred direction from the inlet to the outlet of the cooling ice or the basic mass. Due to the inclined position, the conveying is supported for example by gravity. In other embodiments, agitators or agitators are provided, which cause, for example, a spiral movement, for example by means of a screw conveyor, a conveying. Preferably, stirring takes place along a plane of the corresponding heat exchanger surface. Due to the inclination or inclination and the different characteristics of the cooling ice and the matrix, mixing takes place transversely to the plane along which the stirring takes place.

In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides that the tempering / cooling is performed in parallel and / or serially on more than two surfaces of the heat exchanger device. For cooling several surfaces are provided. Due to an oblique position or a tilting, especially even a varying inclination, the cooling is not constant at an equal share of all heat exchanger surfaces. Part of the cooling takes place in parallel. When the inclination is changed, the cooling takes place sequentially on a variable portion of the heat exchanger surfaces. Preferential individual heat exchanger surfaces can be switched on and / or off.

Yet another embodiment provides that the tempering / cooling is carried out by means of an indirect heat exchanger operation. Here, a primary circuit and a secondary circuit are provided. For example, a food-grade brine circulates in the primary cooling circuit. For example, a refrigerant circulates in the secondary circuit. In another embodiment, a direct heat exchange operation is provided with a circuit. For example, a refrigerant circulates in the circuit.

In order to separate the dissolved component or a portion of the component from the liquid or the substance or the ice pulp produced, the ice pulp is at least partially exposed to an environment which has a higher temperature than that of the ice slurry. This creates a solidifying part of the ice slurry and a liquefying part of the ice slurry. The solidifying part of the ice slurry comprises a larger proportion of liquid or ground fluid. The liquefying part has a higher proportion of the component. Which solidifying part is separated from the liquefying part. Thus, the liquefying part has a higher concentration of the component in the liquid. The crystallized part or the ice crystals, however, have a purer water concentration. This can be z. B. be used in seawater desalination plants as a preliminary or final clarification.

In one embodiment, it is provided that prior to exposure, part of the ice slurry is separated from the remaining ice slurry and only the respective separated part is subjected to the further process steps.

Yet another embodiment provides that the steps are performed repeatedly to effect an effective separation.

In particular, an embodiment provides that the production of ice slurry, the exposure and / or the separation is carried out continuously.

A still further preferred embodiment provides that the separated, solidified part is supplied to a cooling and / or air conditioning device.

The less concentrated solution containing the component dissolved in the liquid is transformed into an ice slurry. This is heated. The heat-solidifying part is separated from the liquid part.

In one embodiment it is provided that in a device for at least partially separating at least one component dissolved in a liquid, in particular for concentrating a liquid solution, there are provided: a cooling mass production device, in particular a binary ice production device, for producing a slurry of ice from the liquid solution, a heating device for exposing the ice slurry produced in an environment having a temperature higher than the temperature of the ice slurry produced and a separation device for at least partially separating a portion of the ice slurry solidifying upon exposure to the environment. The ice slurry is produced from the less concentrated solution of liquid and component (s) via the cooling mass production device. About the heater, the Eisbrei is heated. This is done by placing the ice slurry in a higher temperature environment than the ice slurry. In another embodiment, an active heating device such as a heater or the like is provided. The separator separates the solidifying portion formed upon heating from the liquid portion. The separating device comprises, for example, a sieve, grid, a chain belt, a scraper or the like.

In one embodiment, a cooling and / or air conditioning device is provided to use a severed, solidified portion of the ice slurry. The solidifying part, which is present as ice, can be used in various ways.

In one embodiment it is provided that a device is designed as a cooking pot with insert. The cooking pot forms the container. The insert is designed as a heat exchanger. This insert has a plurality of heat exchanger plates, which are fluidly interconnected. The heat exchanger plates are connected via an axis or shaft penetrating the heat exchanger plates. On the shaft are formed around the shaft rotatably formed to the heat exchanger plates stirring elements. The pot has in one embodiment a lid which closes the pot. The shaft / axle in one embodiment penetrates the pot to the outside. In another embodiment, the axis / shaft is disposed within the closed by the lid pot. A power transmission to the axle / shaft takes place contactlessly through the cover, preferably via a magnetic coupling. Preferably, in one embodiment, the heat exchanger plates can be adjusted axially along the shaft / axis. The heat supply to the heat exchanger plates takes place in one embodiment by means of contact with the bottom of the pot.

In another embodiment, the mixture is an ice-milk. In this case, a pumpable ice / binary ice is passed through a channel, a pipe, a pipe or the like, wherein materials located on the wall are taken from the ice colt. The ice colum itself may be made by the method described herein. In addition, the ice-milk can be cleaned after use with the method described here.

In one embodiment, the device is used for snow production.

In one embodiment, the device is designed as a cooking or tempering device for producing Weizenvorteig / rye sour dough / brew and / or cooking piece.

In one embodiment, the method and / or the device for seawater desalination is / are used. Seawater is fed into the container. From the seawater a binary ice is made. When using the method, the sea salt separates from the water crystals. Here the binary ice is heated. The solidifying part is separated from the liquid part.

According to the same principle, in one embodiment, the use of the method and / or the device in the water treatment. From the uncleared water a binary ice is made. This is exposed to an environment in which part of the mixture solidifies and the other part becomes liquid. The solidifying part is separated from the liquid part. In another embodiment, beverages are concentrated using the method or apparatus. Here, the drink (mixture) is formed into a Eisbrei / binary ice cream. The binary ice is exposed to an environment in which a solid part and a liquid part are formed. The solid part is removed from the liquid part, thus concentrating the beverage, which is in liquid form. In this way, for example, ice wine can be produced regardless of the season. An ice-cream beer can also be produced according to the principle described above with the method and / or the device. In addition to use in the food industry, u. a. in fermentation, mus-making, vinegar production, liquid yeast production, the method / apparatus can also be used in the construction industry or other industries. Thus, the method / device can be used in concrete cooling. For the production of liquid concrete ice slurry is supplied, this ice slurry counteracts the heat of reaction and leads to a controlled, delayed setting of the concrete.

In another embodiment, the use in fish and small animal killing is provided. Live fish / small animals are subcooled by contacting with binary ice, which was produced by means of the method / device according to the invention, and can then be further processed accordingly.

It is also possible to use binary ice cream produced in medicine by means of the method / device according to the invention. Thus, binary ice can be used for any kind of mobile cooling purposes in medicine. An application would be, for example, in cryotherapy. Here the binary ice can be used to cool down corresponding body regions. Due to the pumpability of the binary ice, a simple quantity and temperature regulation is possible.

Claims (11)

Method for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or purifying or refining the mixture, each of the substances having a different boiling or vaporization point and melting or solidification point, comprising the steps: Tempering and / or pressure-changing the mixture such that the physical state of one of the substances differs from the state of aggregation of at least the other substance, wherein the temperature-controlling and / or pressure-changing further comprises the steps of: filling the mixture into a housing, Tempering the mixture by contacting a heat exchange device disposed in the housing with agitation of the mixture, wherein upon agitation the mixture is moved outward along the heat exchanger surfaces and wherein a power transfer for stirring from outside the housing is performed inwardly without contact without breakthrough through the housing. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the container, a pressure change is made so that the aggregate state change is effected both via a temperature change and via a pressure change. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the substances, which differs in its state of aggregation from the other substance or substances, is separated from the other substance or substances. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the state of matter is effected in a region close to the boiling point / evaporation point or around the melting / solidification point. Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the separated substance for temperature control is supplied to a connected and / or connectable system. Device for at least partially separating at least two substances of a mixture, in particular for concentrating or purifying or refining the mixture, the mixture being accommodated in at least one container and each of the substances of the mixture having a different boiling point or vaporization point and melting or Solidifying point, characterized in that means for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5 are provided, in particular that the means comprise a heat exchange means for controlling the temperature of the mixture having a plurality of spaced apart and at least partially fluidly interconnected heat exchanger plates, wherein for a stirring to the outside between stirring elements are provided, which are drivable via at least one of the heat exchanger plates penetrating drive unit, wherein for a power transmission to the stirring elements via the drive unit from outside the Housing inside a contactless power transmission unit, In particular, a magnetic coupling is provided, so that in the field of power transmission, the housing is formed without breakdown. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the means comprise at least one pressure relief device, so that for changing an aggregate state of a substance to be separated from the mixture in addition to a temperature control, a pressure change is vornehmbar. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the means comprise at least one separating device for separating the substance to be separated from the mixture. Device according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the means comprise a feed device of the separated substance for temperature control of a connected and / or connectable system. Concentrate of a mixture, in particular a concentrated or purified or refined mixture, each of the substances of the mixture having a different boiling or vaporization point and melting or solidification point, characterized in that the concentrate is prepared by a process according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5 and / or a device according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 9 is produced. Use of a method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5 and / or a device according to one of claims 6 to 9 for seawater desalination, for water treatment, for beverage production, for cooking, cooling, and / or for concentrating food, for the production of ice wine or Ice beer, For cleaning mixtures, in a cooking device, in a cooling device, in fermentation, in a wheat presentation, in the production of sourdough, in the production of liquid yeast, in vinegar production, in the production of applesauce, in the construction industry, in liquid concrete cooling, in building air conditioning, in fish and small animal killing, in medicine, in fat burning, in cooling batteries, in gas refining, in gas extraction from liquids, in the production of refrigerants, in refrigerants for cooling circuits, for heat sources Heat pumps, energy storage, giant cooling batteries, CHPs , in the production of ice, in food production, in bakeries, in butchers, in fisheries, in milk processing, in dumpling production and / or in commercial kitchens.