DE102015221490A1 - Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in direct gear - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear to reduce the countershaft speed in a transmission (1) for a hybrid application, which has a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine (21) and an electric machine (2), wherein the transmission (1) has a two parallel-connected partial transmission comprehensive main transmission (HG) with at least one countershaft (VW), and an output shaft (3), and two the elements web (ST1, ST2), sun gear (SR1, SR2) and ring gear (HR1, HR2) having planetary gear (PG1, PG2 ), wherein each partial transmission has a transmission input shaft (4, 5), wherein a first transmission input shaft (4) as a hollow shaft and a second transmission input shaft (5) is designed as a solid shaft, wherein a first planetary gear (PG1) as a range group to the main transmission (HG ), wherein the main transmission (HG) has a first (R1), a second (R2), a third (R3), a fourth (R4) and a fifth wheel plane (R5) and a first (S1), a second (S2), a third (S3) and a fourth shift element (S4), wherein the synchronization of the countershaft speed to a target speed in the direct gear (G19) via a speed control of the electric machine (2) performed becomes.

Description

The invention relates to a method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear for lowering the countershaft speed in a transmission. A transmission referred to here in particular a multi-speed transmission, in which a plurality of gears, ie fixed gear ratios between two shafts of the transmission, are preferably automatically switched by switching elements. The switching elements are, for example, clutches or brakes. Such transmissions are used primarily in motor vehicles, in particular also in commercial vehicles, to adapt the rotational speed and torque output characteristics of the drive unit to the driving resistances of the vehicle in a suitable manner.

Vehicles with hybrid drives are known from the prior art. Hybrid drives have two or more different drive sources, with drive trains with an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors have largely prevailed as a parallel hybrid or mixed hybrid. These variants have a substantially parallel in the power flow arrangement of the engine and the electric drive and thus both a superposition of drive torque and a drive with purely internal combustion engine drive or purely electric motor drive possible.

From the DE 10 2010 030 573 A1 a hybrid drive with an automated transmission is known which comprises an internal combustion engine, which is drivingly connected to at least a first transmission input shaft, with an electric drive having at least one electric machine, which is drivingly connected to a second transmission input shaft, with at least one countershaft, with in several Radsatzebenen arranged idler gears and fixed wheels, with multiple gear shift devices and with a transmission output shaft. In order to allow a large variability in terms of a wheelset concept and the distribution and the number of electrical and internal combustion engine gears, to keep the design and cost and to ensure efficient and comfortable operation, it is provided that the two transmission input shafts are arranged coaxially to each other, and a gearshift device connects the two transmission input shafts to one another in an operative manner in one of its switching positions, and shifts a gear in another shift position. Thus, a partial transmission coupling is possible, which couples the two input shafts, the hollow shaft and the solid shaft, without a gear is switched.

In order to achieve the most effective possible operation of the hybrid drive, drive strategies are used, which use the electric drive situation-dependent flexible, for example, for starting, as a starter generator or as a generator for power generation. From the DE 10 2010 063 582 A1 a device for a drive train of a hybrid vehicle is known, with a the elements web, sun gear and ring gear having planetary gear, wherein a first element of these elements of the planetary gear of the fixed connection of a first transmission input shaft of a first partial transmission of a transmission is used, and wherein a second element of these elements the planetary gear of the fixed connection of an electric machine of a hybrid drive, with a first switching element, via which a third element of these elements of the planetary gear in a first switching position of the first switching element to a second transmission input shaft of a second partial transmission of the transmission, to which further comprises an internal combustion engine of the hybrid drive can be coupled, and in a second switching position of the first switching element on the housing side or the stator side can be connected, and with a second switching element, via which both closed when the second switching element friction input shafts of both partial transmissions can be coupled to one another and, when the second switching element is open, both transmission input shafts of both partial transmissions can be separated from one another. Thus, an electrodynamic starting and electrodynamic switching is possible. In addition, the electric machine can be used as an integrated starter generator.

From the document DE 10 2014 202 381 A1 is a method of operating a transmission device comprising a first input shaft having at least one shift element and a second input shaft having at least one shift element, the at least one first and / or second shift element being closed without involvement in a drive power flow for minimizing differential speeds in the transmission device , The switching elements must be designed as synchronizers.

The invention has for its object to provide an improved method for operating a hybrid transmission device, in particular, the efficiency while driving in direct gear should be improved. Especially with long-distance trucks lowering in a direct gear makes sense, since the direct gear has a high proportion of driving. On synchronized switching elements should be omitted.

The object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous Embodiments emerge from the subclaims, the description and from the figures.

A corresponding transmission to this method comprises a two parallel partial transmission comprehensive main gear with at least one countershaft, and an output shaft and two at least the elements web, sun gear and ring gear having planetary gear. Each partial transmission in this case has a transmission input shaft, wherein a first transmission input shaft for a first partial transmission as a hollow shaft and a second transmission input shaft for a second partial transmission is designed as a solid shaft. A first planetary gear closes as a range group to the main transmission. A range group serves to double the number of gears of the main gearbox, whereby two ranges can be switched, one fast and one slow range. For this, the transmission comprises a fifth switching element, which couples the ring gear of the range group either with an output shaft or fixed to the housing fixed. In the first switching position, in which the ring gear is connected to the housing, a slow ratio is formed and in a second switching position, in which the ring gear is coupled to the output shaft and thus is locked to the planetary gear, a fast gear ratio is produced. The main transmission includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth gear planes and first, second, third and fourth shifting elements. A second planetary gear is provided between an electric machine and the first transmission input shaft as a planetary stage.

The fifth gear plane forms the output constant of the main transmission and can be coupled by means of the fourth switching element in one of its switching positions to the web of the range group. Through the countershaft, the electric machine can thus support the tensile force by the torque is transmitted directly from the countershaft via the output constant on the web of the range group and thus to the connected to the bridge of the range group output shaft, while the fifth switching element is load-free and switched can. This range change preferably takes place when changing from the fifth gear to the sixth gear, wherein first the switching element for coupling the output constant and the bridge of the range group is changed and then the switching element for connecting a gear plane of the first partial transmission with the first transmission input shaft is changed.

The fourth switching element connects in a first switching position, the fifth gear plane of the main gear, the output constant, with the main shaft. Thus, the countershaft is connected via the output constant of the main transmission with the main shaft and the sun of the planetary gear of the range group.

The transmission may include a sixth double-acting switching element, which couples the second input shaft with the ring gear of the planetary stage in a first shift position and locks the ring gear of the planetary stage fixed to the housing in a second switching position. When the ring gear is coupled to the planetary stage, the planetary stage can act as a superposition gear. A drive of the second input shaft is connected to the ring gear of the planetary stage, the electric machine in the sun of the planetary gear and the bridge of the planetary gear on the first input shaft of the main transmission. In the second switching position of the sixth switching element, the planetary stage acts as a fixed Vorübersetzung for the electric machine. As a result, the electric machine can be cost-effectively designed with less torque, but higher speed.

The ring gear of the planetary stage can also be connected directly to the transmission housing, or a part of the housing. This also creates a fixed pretranslation of the electrical machine with the advantages mentioned above.

In addition, an arrangement is possible in which the planetary gear of the transmission is connected so that the ring gear of the planetary gear is connected to the first transmission input shaft, the web of the planetary gear is fixed to the housing and the sun gear of the planetary gear is connected to the electric machine. The transmission in this case comprises a sixth single-acting switching element which, when actuated, connects the second transmission input shaft to the electric machine and the sun gear of the planetary stage. Thus, the electric drive in the forward gears turns backwards and via the planetary stage mechanical reverse gears for driving the second transmission input shaft are provided by means of the sixth switching element. Those gears, which are assigned to the first partial transmission or the first transmission input shaft, are then used as reverse gears with additional reduction by the planetary stage.

The main gearbox includes at least one countershaft. However, it can also be designed as a power split two-countershaft transmission. All gears on the countershaft are designed as fixed wheels. In the embodiment with two countershafts, both countershafts are each carried out with a fixed wheel per wheel plane of the main transmission.

The main gearbox is a 5-speed gear set, with five wheel planes, with two partial gears and a partial transmission coupling executed. The fifth wheel plane forms the output constant. All wheel planes are designed as forward gear levels and a reverse gear is generated by reversing the direction of rotation of the electric machine.

The first partial transmission is associated with the first transmission input shaft, which is designed as a hollow shaft. The second partial transmission is associated with the second transmission input shaft, which is designed as a solid shaft. The second part transmission is also assigned a direct gear, in which the power flow is not performed on the countershaft or countershafts. The two partial transmissions can be coupled by one of the switching elements, so that in part the gears of the partial transmissions can be used by the respective other partial transmission. As a result, a coupling of the two drives is possible without causing a torque is passed to the output shaft. In addition, due to the two partial transmissions, the two drives can be operated with different ratios. Thus, suitable operating points can be selected for both drives depending on the driving situation. The electric machine can also be partially or completely stand still to avoid zero load losses.

All switching elements in the main gearbox are designed as unsynchronized claw switching element.

All switching elements of the main gear and the first planetary gear, the range group, are designed as double-acting switching elements, which means that they have two actuating directions in a first and in a second switching position. But they could also be brought into a third open switching position, a neutral position in which neither the first nor the second switching position is actuated and no components are connected by the switching element.

The coupling of components of the transmission with the housing can also be implemented by the coupling with a housing-fixed component or a housing part or with another rotationally fixed component of the transmission.

In order to achieve better efficiency, when driving in a direct gear, the speed of the countershaft should be lowered, thereby reducing drag losses, for example, on the bearings and the seals. The reduction of the countershaft speed in the direct gear allows a better overall efficiency of the transmission in direct gear. Less speed means less drag performance (power dissipation) on bearings and seals. The countershaft speed can also be lowered to zero. This results in no drag losses on the bearings and seals of the countershaft. This is done according to the invention by the synchronization of the countershaft via a speed control on the electric machine to the target speed. For this purpose, the switching element of the highest gear of the first partial transmission is advantageously closed before, if it was not closed from the previous history. Thus, the electric machine itself also does not reach a high speed level and therefore can synchronize quickly. To lower the countershaft speed different switching elements from the ballast or a partial transmission can be closed. This does not burden conventional synchronizers.

The transmission may be part of a drive train of a hybrid vehicle. The drive train has, in addition to the transmission, an internal combustion engine as a second drive, as well as an axle transmission connected to wheels of the hybrid vehicle, wherein the second transmission input shaft of the main transmission is constantly connected or connectable to the internal combustion engine and the output shaft of the transmission is drivingly connected to the axle transmission. A separating clutch for the internal combustion engine can be used, but is not necessary for purely electric driving, since the second transmission input shaft can be decoupled by opening switching elements.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further explained by means of exemplary embodiments:

1 : 10-speed transmission for the method according to the invention

2 : Table with exemplary gear ratios 1

3 : Switching matrix for the method according to the invention

4 : Switching matrix for the method according to the invention

5 : Embodiment 2 of a 10-speed transmission to the method according to the invention

6 : Switching matrix for the method according to the invention for embodiment variant 2

7 : Embodiment 3 of a 10-speed transmission to the method according to the invention

8th : Switching matrix for the method according to the invention for embodiment variant 3

9 : Powertrain

1 shows a first embodiment of a transmission 1 with an electric machine 2 , with a 5-speed main gear HG with two partial transmissions, with an output shaft 3 , a first planetary gear PG1 and a second planetary gear PG2, each having the elements web ST1, ST2, at least one planet PR1, PR2, sun SR1, SR2 and ring gear HR1, HR2. The first planetary gear PG1 is used as a range group and connects to the main group HG. The second planetary gear PG2 is called the planetary stage between the electric machine 2 and the first transmission input shaft 4 arranged. The first transmission input shaft 4 is designed as a hollow shaft and assigned to a first partial transmission of the main transmission HG. A second transmission input shaft 5 is designed as a solid shaft and assigned to the second partial transmission of the main transmission HG. The main gear HG comprises a first gear plane R1, a second gear plane R2, a third gear plane R3, a fourth gear plane R4 and a fifth gear plane R5 and a first switching element S1, a second switching element S2, a third switching element S3 and a fourth switching element S4. The fifth gear plane R5 forms the output constant of the main transmission HG. All switching elements of the main transmission S1-S4 are designed as double-acting two-sided switching elements and can be two different elements of the transmission 1 connect to a shaft or a transmission component. The first wheel plane R1 is by a first idler gear 6 the first transmission input shaft 4 with a first fixed wheel 12 formed the countershaft VW. The second wheel plane R2 is by a loose wheel 7 the first transmission input shaft 4 with a second fixed wheel 13 formed the countershaft VW. The third wheel plane R3 is replaced by a third idler gear 8th on the second transmission input shaft 5 and a third party bike 14 formed the countershaft VW. The fourth wheel plane R4 is replaced by a fourth idler gear 9 on the second transmission input shaft 5 and a fourth fixed wheel 15 formed on the countershaft VW. The fifth wheel plane R5 is replaced by a fifth idler gear 11 on the main shaft 10 and a fifth fixed wheel 16 formed on the countershaft VW. The main shaft 10 runs coaxially to the transmission input shaft 4 . 5 and the output shaft 3 and lies between the second transmission input shaft 5 and the output shaft 3 , The countershaft VW is parallel to the axis of the transmission input shafts 4 . 5 , the main shaft 10 and the output shaft 3 , In this case, the first switching element S1 in a first switching position A, the first wheel plane R1 or in a second switching position B, the second wheel plane R2 with the first transmission input shaft 4 connect. The second switching element S2 can in a first switching position C, the first transmission input shaft 4 or in a second switching position D, the third gear plane R3 with the second transmission input shaft 5 connect. The second switching element S2 thus serves in the first switching position C of the partial transmission coupling. The third switching element S3 can in a first switching position E, the fourth gear plane R4 or in a second switching position F, the main shaft 10 with the second transmission input shaft 5 couple. In the second shift position F can thus be switched to a direct gear, with torque from the second transmission input shaft 5 over the main shaft 10 and the first planetary gear PG1 on the output shaft 3 is transmitted. The fourth switching element S4 can in a first switching position G, the main shaft 10 or in a second switching position H connect the web ST1 of the first planetary gear PG1 with the fifth gear plane R5. The output constant, the fifth gear plane R5 of the main transmission HG, can thus be coupled via a single switching element, the fourth switching element S4, either to the sun SR1 or to the web ST1 of the first planetary gear PG1, since the main shaft 10 is directly connected to the sun gear SR1 of the first planetary gear. By the possible coupling of the electric machine 2 via the output constant to the web ST1 of the first planetary gear PG1, the fifth switching element S5 is free of load and can be switched. The electric machine 2 thus supports the tensile force on the countershaft VW, so that the range group PG1 can be switched traction-assisted. Another advantage of the coupling of the electric machine 2 to the web ST1 is that the speed of the countershaft VW can be lowered when driving in direct gear to reduce drag losses on bearings and seals. Each of the switching elements S1-S4 can also be switched to neutral so that it does not connect any of the elements mentioned.

The gear 1 comprises a range group in the form of a first planetary gear PG1. The range group PG1 serves to double the number of speeds of the main transmission HG. For this purpose, by a fifth switching element S5, which is assigned to the range group PG1, in a first shift position L, the ring gear HR1 of the first planetary gear PG1 with a housing-fixed component 17 or a housing part or with another non-rotatable component of the transmission 1 get connected. This creates a slow range. In a second shift position S of the fifth shift element S5, the ring gear HR1 of the first planetary gear PG1 with the output shaft 3 and thus also be connected to the web ST1 of the first planetary gear PG1. The bridge ST1 is non-rotatable with the output shaft 3 connected. Thus, the components web ST1 and ring gear HR1 are locked together in the second switching position S of the switching element S5 and form a fast range.

The second planetary gear PG2 is used as a planetary stage between an electric machine 2 and the first transmission input shaft 4 arranged. The electric machine 2 has a stator 18 , which rotatably with a housing-fixed component 17 or a transmission housing of the transmission 1 or with another non-rotatable component of the transmission 1 connected so that the stator 18 can not accept any speed. A rotatably mounted rotor 19 the electric machine 2 is rotatably connected to a sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 trained Planetenradsatzwelle the planetary stage PG2. The web ST2 of the second planetary gear PG2 is rotationally fixed to the first transmission input shaft 4 connected. The ring gear HR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 is connected via a sixth shift element S6, which is associated with the second planetary gear PG2, in a first shift position I with the second transmission input shaft 5 connectable and lockable in a second switching position J of the sixth switching element S6 fixed to the housing. In the first switching position I of the sixth switching element S6, the planetary stage PG2 can act as a superposition gear. In the second switching position J of the sixth switching element S6, the planetary stage PG2 acts as a fixed pretranslation for the electric machine 2 , This allows the electric machine 2 cost-effective with less torque, but be designed for a higher speed.

By the arrangement of the electric machine 2 with the planetary stage PG2 on the first transmission input shaft 4 is the electric machine 2 assigned to the first partial transmission. The second transmission input shaft 5 is also driven by a second drive, not shown here. As this is usually an internal combustion engine 21 is, in the further document of an internal combustion engine 21 spoken as a second drive. The internal combustion engine 21 is thus connected to the second partial transmission or connectable. Each partial transmission is also assigned switchable gears via the assigned wheel planes R1-R5. The first gear plane R1 and the second gear plane R2 of the main gear HG are the first transmission input shaft 4 and thus also associated with the first partial transmission of the main transmission HG. Thus, a purely electric driving over the two gears is possible, which are formed over the two wheel planes R1 and R2. The range group PG1 produces four switchable purely electrical gears. The reverse is due to a reversal of the direction of rotation of the electric machine 2 possible. A separating clutch for the internal combustion engine 21 is not necessary for purely electric driving, since the second transmission input shaft 5 can be disconnected by opening the second and third switching element S2, S3. The third gear plane R3 and the fourth gear plane R4 of the main transmission HG are the second transmission input shaft 5 and thus also assigned to the second partial transmission of the main transmission HG. The fifth gear plane R5 serves as the output constant for both partial transmissions of the main transmission HG. By the partial transmission coupling via the second switching element S2 in the first switching position C, the internal combustion engine 21 and the electric machine 2 still use the gears of the other sub-transmission. Characterized in that the second switching element S2 is designed as a double switching element, double-acting two-sided switching element, the electric machine 2 However, do not use the third wheel plane R3 of the main gear HG.

Due to the two partial transmissions can internal combustion engine 21 and electric machine 2 be operated with different translations. This allows for the internal combustion engine 21 and for the electric machine 2 Depending on the situation, suitable operating points are selected. The electric machine 2 In some cases, it can also be decoupled completely and stand still, thus avoiding no-load losses. A decoupling of the electric machine 2 is possible via the first and the second switching element S1 and S2, which the first transmission input shaft 4 not allowed to connect with another component, as well as the sixth switching element S6, which does not have the ring gear HR2 of the planetary stage with the second transmission input shaft 5 may couple.

By the partial transmission coupling via the second switching element S2 in the switching position C, the internal combustion engine 21 with the electric machine 2 be connected without any torque to the output shaft 3 is directed. At least the first switching elements S1 and the third switching element S3 of the main transmission HG are not actuated, but in a neutral position. This allows the internal combustion engine 21 with the electric machine 2 can be started or it can be generated in neutral, ie regardless of the driving speed, ie even at a standstill, electricity. At the same time, the internal combustion engine is driving 21 the electric machine 2 at. The electric machine 2 works as a generator.

The 1 shows only the upper half of the axis of the transmission input shafts 4 . 5 , the main shaft 10 and the output shaft 3 symmetrical wheelset of the transmission 1 , The reflection on this axis leads to a variant with two countershafts VW, which serve for power sharing. The wheelset is but functionally identical in the embodiment with only one countershaft VW. This means that the countershaft VW including the associated fixed wheels 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 not be mirrored.

With the embodiment of the 1 it is possible to implement a start-up function known as EDA, electrodynamic starting. The electric machine 2 can be purely or only to support the internal combustion engine 21 be used for starting and accelerating. In the case of a purely electric starting, an increased starting torque can be provided via the second planetary gear PG2, which acts as a constant transmission. In order to approach electrodynamically, the sixth switching element S6 must be in its first switching position I. When the sixth shift element S6 is in the first shift position I, the transmission is 1 in EDA mode. In addition, a gear of the first partial transmission, which of the first transmission input shaft 4 is assigned, be inserted and the second partial transmission neutral, without transmission of torque to be switched. The first gear G1 of the transmission 1 is in 1 assigned to the first wheel plane R1. The first wheel plane R1 is assigned to the first partial transmission. Thus, the first switching element S1 can be used in its first switching position A for electrodynamic starting and in the further power flow can be the first switching element S4 in its first switching position G and the fifth switching element S5 in its first switching position L for the first gear G1 first gear G1 a power flow from the first transmission input shaft 4 via the first wheel plane R1, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the main shaft 10 and prepare the area group PG1 in the slow area. When the vehicle is stationary, the internal combustion engine rotates 21 eg with the idling speed and the electric machine 2 turns backwards, so that the web ST2 of the planetary stage PG2 stands still. The torque ratios at the planetary stage PG2 are constant. The torque of the internal combustion engine 21 and the torque of the electric machine 2 add up to the web ST2 of the planetary stage PG2. During the electrodynamic starting, the speed of the electric machine changes 2 up to the block circulation at the planetary stage PG2. The start can be stopped by the second switching element S2 is brought into its first switching position C, and the planetary stage PG2 is blocked with it.

Will the transmission 1 operated in EDA mode, electrodynamic switching (EDS) is possible as a load switching function. In this case, in the EDA mode, the sixth shift element S6 remains in its first shift position I. A the first partial transmission and thus the first transmission input shaft 4 assigned gear must be engaged. This serves as a support gear, over which the power flow is passed during the load circuit. The support gear can be identical to the actual gear or a target gear. However, it is also possible to use another gear of the first partial transmission. The switching process begins with a load transfer phase. It will be the internal combustion engine 21 and on the electric machine 2 the torques are adjusted so that it corresponds to the stationary gear ratio of the planetary gear PG2. As a result, there is only one more force flow via the web ST2 of the planetary gear PG2 and the support gear. All other switching elements are load-free. The load-free switching elements of the actual gear are designed. The speed of the internal combustion engine 21 and the electric machine 2 are controlled so that the switching element of the target gear to be engaged becomes synchronous. If a synchrony is established, the switching element of the target gear is engaged. This completes the switching process and the load on the electric machine 2 can be reduced as needed. The EDS switching method has the advantage that the switching element of the target gear by the interaction of the electric machine 2 and the internal combustion engine 21 is synchronized, the electric machine 2 is very well regulated. Another advantage of the EDS switching method is that a high tensile force can be achieved because the torques of the internal combustion engine 21 and the electric machine 2 at the second planetary gear PG2 summing.

With the embodiment of the 1 can also be implemented under ISG, Integrated Starter Generator, known function, in which the internal combustion engine 21 over the electric machine 2 can be started and accelerated and the electric machine 2 can also be used as a generator. In ISG mode, the sixth switching element S6 is in its second switching position J and connects the ring gear HR2 with a component fixed to the housing 17 , Also, a purely electric driving is possible in the ISG mode, wherein the ring gear HR2 of the planetary gear PG2 is locked fixed to the housing and the electric machine 2 transmits a torque to the web ST2 of the planetary gear PG2.

In 2 exemplary numerical values are given for the individual translations i of the respective wheel planes PG1, PG2, R1-R5. The specified ratio corresponds to the respective tooth ratio of the spur gears or planetary gears of the standard ratio i ₀ , the teeth ratio between the ring gear HR1, HR2 and the sun gear SR1, SR2. The negative sign refers to a reversal of the direction of rotation. The ratio i of the spur gear pairs are given in the following direction of force flow:
First, second, third and fourth wheel plane R1, R2, R3, R4: of the two transmission input shaft 4 . 5 to the countershaft VW
Fifth wheel plane R5: from the countershaft VW to the main shaft 10 Other numerical values can also be used for the translation series.

The 3 shows an associated switching matrix of the transmission 1 for the ten gears G1-G10 from the point of view of the internal combustion engine 21 in the ISG Mode. The sixth switching element S6 remains in its second switching position J. The gears G1-G10 are listed in the first column. When the internal combustion engine 21 a power flow through the second partial transmission, over the solid shaft 5 , leads, then in the power flow-free first partial transmission, via the hollow shaft 4 , a gear can be selected or the partial transmissions can be coupled. The preselection is indicated after the passage number in parenthesis. For example, in the gear G2 (1), the second gear G2 for the internal combustion engine 21 active, the first gear G1 is for the internal combustion engine 21 Selected and at the same time for the electric machine 2 already active. In this case, it is shown in the columns following the gears G1-G10 which switching elements S1-S6 are in which switching positions A-J. A cross x marks a closed switching position A-J. Subsequent to the columns of the switching elements S1-S6 there is a column with exemplary gear ratios i and a column with exemplary gear jumps phi to each gear G1-G10.

The power flow in first gear G1 becomes, as in 3 shown, via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the second switching element S2 in its first switching position C, the first switching element S1 in its first switching position A, the first wheel plane R1, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5 the fourth switching element S4 in its first switching position G, the range group PG1 connected in the slow range on the output shaft 3 directed. The power flow in the second gear G2 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the second shift element S2 in its second shift position D, the third wheel plane R3, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its first shift position G, the area group PG1 connected in the slow range to the output shaft 3 directed. In this case, via the first shift element S1 in its first shift position A, both the first gear G1 and thus the first wheel plane R1 and also the second shift position B can be preselected for the fourth gear G4 and thus the second wheel plane R2. The preselected gears G1, G4 are assigned to the first partial transmission. The power flow in the third gear G3 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the third shift element S3 in its first shift position E, the fourth wheel plane R4, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its first shift position G, the area group PG1 connected in the slow range to the output shaft 3 directed. In this case, via the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B, the fourth gear G4 and thus the second wheel plane R2 can be preselected. The power flow in the fourth gear G4 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the second switching element S2 in its first switching position C, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B, the second wheel plane R2, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its first shift position G, the area group PG1 connected in the slow range to the output shaft 3 directed.

The power flow in fifth gear G5 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the third switching element S3 in its second switching position F, the range group PG1 connected in the slow range to the output shaft 3 directed. In this case, via the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B and via the fourth shift element S4 in its first shift position G, the fourth gear G4 can be preselected. Alternatively, via the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B and via the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H, the ninth gear G9 can be preselected. Likewise, via the first shift element S1 in its first shift position A and via the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H, the sixth gear G6 can be preselected. The power flow in the sixth gear G6 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the second switching element S2 in its first switching position C, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first switching element S1 in its first switching position A, the first wheel plane R1, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth switching element S4 in its second switching position H and the switched over in the fast range range group PG1 to the output shaft 3 directed. In this case, according to the invention, the fifth switching element S5 is load-free, since it is bypassed by the power transmission via the web ST1 of the area group PG1 by the fourth switching element S4 in its second switching position H.

The power flow in seventh gear G7 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the second shift element S2 in its second shift position D, the third wheel plane R3, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H and via the switched into the fast range range group PG1 on the output shaft 3 passed, wherein the fifth switching element S5 continues to be load-free. In this case, the sixth gear G6 can be preselected via the first shift element S1 in its first shift position A, or the ninth gear G9 can be preselected via the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B. The power flow in the eighth gear G8 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the third switching element S3 in its first switching position E, the fourth gear plane R4, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth switching element S4 in its second switching position H and the switched over in the fast range range group PG1 on the output shaft 3 passed, wherein the fifth alternative switching element S5 is still free of load. In this case, the ninth gear G9 can be preselected via the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B. The power flow in ninth gear G9 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the second switching element S2 in its first switching position C, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B, the second wheel plane R2, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H and via the range group PG1 connected in the fast range to the output shaft 3 passed, wherein the fifth switching element S5 is still free of load. The power flow in tenth gear G10 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the third switching element S3 in its second switching position F, the main shaft 10 and on the output shaft via the range group PG1 connected in the fast range 3 directed. It is advantageous if in addition the second switching element S2 is switched in its first switching position C, since so the first transmission input shaft 4 with a defined speed, here the speed of the second transmission input shaft 5 , to be led. Alternatively, via the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B and the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H, the ninth gear G9 can be preselected, with the fifth shift element S5 being unloaded. However, it is also possible to preselect the sixth gear G6 via the first shift element S1 in its first shift position A and the second shift element S2 in its first shift position C. For a reduction of the countershaft speed is possible, however, the fourth switching element S4 must be open. About the preselection of the first switching element S1 in its first switching position A is in the tenth gear and a stoppage of the electric machine 2 and the countershaft VW possible, wherein the second switching element S2 must be open.

In the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth gear G6-G9, the fifth shift element S5 could remain closed even in the first shift position L instead of in the second shift position S, since the fifth shift element S5 in both shift positions L and S is free of load when the power flow over the fourth switching element S4 in the second switching position H is passed directly to the web ST1 of the first planetary gear PG1. Due to the speed ratios at the range group PG1, however, it is advantageous to carry out the change from the first shift position L of the fifth shift element S5 to the second shift position S as early as possible.

The traction-free switching of the range group PG1 usually takes place when changing from the fifth gear G5 to the sixth gear G6. In the fifth gear G5 in ICG or hybrid driving in ISG mode, this is connected via a direct gear in the slow range group PG1. The third switching element S3 is in its second switching position F and the fifth switching element is in its first switching position L. This is also in 3 in line G5 (4). The electric machine 2 acts due to the history still in the fourth gear G4, wherein the first switching element S1 is in its second switching position B and the fourth switching element S4 in its first switching position G. To switch now traction interruption-free in the sixth gear G6, the following process steps are performed:
When load on the electric machine 2 is present, takes place here a load reduction. The internal combustion engine takes over 21 weight.

Subsequently, the fourth switching element S4 can be opened from the switching position G.

The second switching position H of the fourth switching element S4 becomes active via the speed control of the electric machine 2 synchronized. This requires the speed of the electric machine 2 be lowered. The speed reduction is performed by the factor of the translation of the range group PG1, which in the numerical example 3 corresponds to the factor 3.713.

Subsequently, the fourth switching element S4 can be switched without load in the second switching position H. This corresponds to the line of the passage 5 (9) in the switching matrix 3 , Transitionally, the ninth gear G9 is preselected in this state, since the first switching element S1 is still in its second switching position B. This can now be opened without load. The first switching position A of the first switching element S1 is now active via speed control of the electric machine 2 synchronized. This requires the speed of the electric machine 2 be raised to the target speed level of the sixth gear G6. The speed increase takes place by the ratio of the gear ratio of the two gears, which are assigned to the first transmission input shaft. These are here the first and the fourth gear G1, G4, what a speed increase by the factor 1,3 / 0,592 = 2,2 (see 2 , first and second wheel plane R1, R2).

Thus, the first switching element S1 can be brought without load in the switching position A, wherein at the same time the connection, the sixth gear G6, is preselected.

Then there is a load transfer from the combustion engine 21 on the electric machine 2 instead of. This means that only the electric machine 2 the traction in the target gear, the sixth gear G6, supports.

After the internal combustion engine 21 is free of load, the second switching position F of the third switching element S3 is opened.

Optionally, now a change of the fifth switching element S5 from the first switching position L take place in the second switching position S while the switching position F of the third switching element S3 is opened. This offers the advantage that only the main shaft 10 and thus a low inertial mass on the sun gear SR1 of the first planetary gear PG1 acts. The synchronization takes place via the switching element S5 itself, which is executed synchronized. The second switching position S of the fifth switching element S5 can then be closed. The second shift position S can not be active with the internal combustion engine 21 be synchronized because of the internal combustion engine 21 can not lower the speed far enough, since here the speed level of the tenth gear G10 (the third shift element S3 and the fifth shift element S5 respectively in the second shift position F and S) would be required, although the sixth gear G6 is the target gear. The change from the first shift position L to the second shift position S of the fifth shift element S5 at this point is, as already mentioned, advantageous but not absolutely necessary. The change could also take place outside the circuit from the fifth gear G5 to the sixth gear G6 at a later time. The fifth switching element S5 would then initially remain in the first switching position L.

Immediately after the switching position F of the third switching element S3 has been opened, which may mean at the same time as the step just mentioned, the internal combustion engine is synchronized 21 on target speed of the sixth gear G6. Thus, the first switching position C of the second switching element is synchronized and can then be closed without load. Thus, the sixth gear G6 is engaged and completed the switching operation for the switching elements S1-S6. The load transfer from the electric machine 2 on the internal combustion engine 21 can then be done according to the operating strategy.

In summary, in order to get from the fifth gear G5 to the sixth gear G6, both the fourth shift element S4 and the first shift element S1 must be switched over. In this case, first the fourth switching element S4 is changed and then only the first switching element S1. This will make the electric machine 2 first lowered in speed and can synchronize with high torque. There is less energy for speed change of the inertial mass of the rotor 19 needed. If first the first switching element S1 would be switched, the speed of the electric machine 2 in the meantime strongly increase and there was the danger of overspeed, a low torque of the electrical machine 2 at high speed.

The method is independent of the pre-translation of the planetary stage PG2 for the electric machine 2 , It also works without a planetary stage PG2, the electric machine 2 or the rotor 19 directly on the first transmission input shaft 4 tethered.

As already described, in the direct gear, in the tenth gear G10 (see 3 ) in the ISG mode, the speed of the countershaft VW and the countershafts are lowered. In this case, the sixth switching element S6 in the second switching position J is also closed for the ISG mode. It is driven by internal combustion engine, wherein the third switching element S3 is in its second switching position F. The fourth switching element S4 is due to its history in its second switching position H. This leads to that in the numerical example in 2 The speed of the countershaft VW is a factor of 2.197 higher than that of the internal combustion engine 21 , This corresponds to the spur gear ratio i of the fifth gear plane R5. The sun gear SR1 and the land ST1 of the area group PG1 have identical rotational speeds because the area group PG1 is blocked by the fifth shift element in its second shift position S. The reduction of the speed of the countershaft VW allows a better overall efficiency of the transmission 1 in the direct G10. Less speed means less drag losses or power loss at the bearings and seals. For this purpose, load-free switching elements can be closed. In the present wheel set, it is advantageous to bring the first switching element S1 into its first switching position A. The speed of the countershaft VW is then only (1 / 1.3 = 0.769) 0.769 times the engine 21 , The speed of the countershaft VW can also be lowered to zero. This drag losses would be avoided on the storage. The synchronization of the countershaft VW to the target speed via a speed control on the electric machine 2 , For this purpose, first the switching element of the highest gear of the first sub-transmission is closed, unless it is closed from its previous history. In the example illustrated here, this is the first shift element in the second shift position B, through which the fourth gear G4 is formed via the second wheel plane R2. This is how the electric machine reaches 2 even a high speed level and therefore can synchronize faster. Also, no conventional syncs are charged. In the switching matrix in 3 is the tenth gear with preselected sixth gear G10 (6), the speed of the countershaft VW lowered and in the tenth gear with preselected idle G10 (0) the Speed of the countershaft VW and the speed of the electric machine 2 lowered to zero. Again, the speed change of the countershaft VW using the electric machine 2 ,

The 4 shows an associated switching matrix of the transmission 1 for the ten gears G1-G10 from the point of view of the internal combustion engine 21 in EDA mode. The sixth switching element S6 remains in its first switching position I. Otherwise, the switching matrix in the EDA mode is identical to the switching matrix in the ISG mode 3 , However, there are other speed ratios on the electric machine 2 and at the planetary stage PG2.

The power interruption-free switching of the range group PG1 when changing from the fifth gear G5 to the sixth gear G6 can also be performed in the EDA mode. In this case, the sixth shift element S6 is always in its first shift position I. In the fifth gear G5 in internal combustion engine or hybrid driving in the EDA mode, this is connected via a direct gear in the slow range group PG1. The third switching element S3 is in its second switching position F and the fifth switching element is in its first switching position L. This is also in 4 in line G5 (4). The electric machine 2 acts due to the history still in the fourth gear G4, wherein the first switching element S1 is in its second switching position B and the fourth switching element S4 in its first switching position G. To switch now traction interruption-free in the sixth gear G6, the following process steps are performed:
When load on the electric machine 2 is present, takes place here a load reduction. The internal combustion engine takes over 21 weight. Subsequently, the fourth switching element S4 can be opened from the switching position G.

The second switching position H of the fourth switching element S4 becomes active via the speed control of the electric machine 2 synchronized. For this purpose, the speed of the web ST2 of the planetary stage PG2 must be lowered, which is achieved by lowering the speed of the electric machine 2 happens. The speed reduction on the web ST2 of the planetary stage PG2 is performed by the factor of the translation of the range group PG1, which in the numerical example 4 corresponds to the factor 3.713.

Subsequently, the fourth switching element S4 can be switched without load in the second switching position H. This corresponds to the line of the passage 5 (9) in the switching matrix 4 , Transitionally, the ninth gear G9 is preselected in this state, since the first switching element S1 is still in its second switching position B. This can now be opened without load. The first switching position A of the first switching element S1 is now active via speed control of the electric machine 2 synchronized. For this purpose, the speed of the web ST2 of the planetary stage PG2 using the electric machine 2 be raised to the target speed level of the sixth gear G6. The speed increase takes place by the ratio of the gear ratio of the two gears, which are assigned to the first transmission input shaft. These are here the first and the fourth gear G1, G4, what a speed increase by the factor 1,3 / 0,592 = 2,2 (see 2 , first and second wheel plane R1, R2).

Thus, the first switching element S1 can be placed without load in the first switching position A, wherein at the same time the connection gear, the sixth gear G6, is preselected.

Then the torques of the internal combustion engine 21 and the electric machine 2 adjusted so that they are in the ratio of the state translation of the planetary stage PG2, so that the interpretative third switching element S3 is free of load. The power flow then runs exclusively via the bridge ST2 of the planetary stage PG2 via the target gear, the sixth gear G6, via the first shift element S1 in the first shift position A and the fourth shift element in the second shift position H. At the same time, the torques of the internal combustion engine 21 and the electric machine 2 set within the limits of the two machines so that the traction comes as close as possible to the desired by the driver or a driving strategy function desired value.

After the third switching element S3 is free of load, the second switching position F of the third switching element S3 is opened.

Optionally, now a change of the fifth switching element S5 from the first switching position L take place in the second switching position S while the switching position F of the third switching element S3 is opened. This offers the advantage of having only the main shaft 10 and thus a small inertial mass on the sun gear SR1 of the first planetary gear PG1 acts. The synchronization takes place via the switching element S5 itself, which is executed synchronized. The second switching position S of the fifth switching element S5 can then be closed. The change from the first shift position L to the second shift position S of the fifth shift element S5 at this point is, as already mentioned, advantageous but not absolutely necessary. The change could also take place outside the circuit from the fifth gear G5 to the sixth gear G6 at a later time. The fifth switching element S5 would then initially remain in the first switching position L.

Immediately after the switching position F of the third switching element S3 has been opened, which may mean at the same time as the step just mentioned, the torques of the internal combustion engine become 21 and the electric machine 2 so controlled or regulated that the speed of the engine 21 decreases to the target speed. Thus, the first switching position C of the second switching element S2 is synchronized and can then be closed without load. Thus, the sixth gear G6 is engaged and completed the switching operation for the switching elements S1-S6. The load transfer from the electric machine 2 on the internal combustion engine 21 can then be done according to the operating strategy.

In summary, in order to arrive in the EDA mode from the fifth gear G5 to the sixth gear G6, both the fourth switching element S4 and the first switching element S1 must be switched. In this case, first the fourth switching element S4 is changed and then only the first switching element S1. This will make the electric machine 2 first lowered in speed and can synchronize with high torque. There is less energy for speed change of the inertial mass of the rotor 19 needed. If first the first switching element S1 would be switched, the speed of the electric machine 2 in the meantime strongly increase and there was the danger of overspeed, a low torque of the electrical machine 2 at high speed.

For the first and the fourth switching element S1 and S4 in each case a load-free rotational speed synchronization by means of the electric machine 2 , In this case, a dynamic moment is supported on the wheel HR2 of the planetary stage PG2 due to inertial masses, which could possibly have a negative effect on ride comfort, because the ring gear HR2 of the planetary stage PG2 via the sixth switching element S6 in the first shift position I with the second transmission input shaft 5 connected is. Therefore, it would also be possible to switch from the EDA mode to the ISG mode before the speed synchronization and to be synchronized accordingly. After the respective speed synchronization is then changed back to the EDA mode.

There are other gear assignments conceivable in the main transmission HG. For example, the second wheel plane R2 and the fourth wheel plane R4 can be reversed. Thus, the wheel planes for the third gear G3 and the fourth gear G4 would be reversed.

It can also be a disconnect clutch or starting clutch for the internal combustion engine 21 to be added.

In addition, one or more mechanical reverse gears can be added. This can be implemented either as an additional Stirnradebene with an additional switching element or planetary reversible kit with two additional switching elements, one forwards and one for backwards. In addition, a so-called GPR range group can be used, in which the reverse gear is integrated in the range group.

The 5 shows a second embodiment of a 10-speed transmission. The gear 1 differs only in the design of the second planetary gear PG2. The second planetary gear PG2 is also a planetary stage between an electric machine 2 and the first transmission input shaft 4 arranged. The electric machine 2 has a stator 18 , which rotatably with a housing-fixed component 17 or a transmission housing of the transmission 1 or with another non-rotatable component of the transmission 1 connected so that the stator 18 can not accept any speed. A rotatably mounted rotor 19 the electric machine 2 is rotatably connected to a sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 Planetenradsatzwelle the planetary stage. The web ST2 of the second planetary gear PG2 is rotationally fixed to the first transmission input shaft 4 connected. The ring gear HR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 is rotatably with a housing part 17 connected. A fixed pretranslation for the electric machine 2 has the advantage that the electric machine 2 cost with less torque, but higher speed can be designed. By the arrangement of the electric machine 2 with the planetary stage on the first transmission input shaft 4 is the electric machine 2 furthermore assigned to the first partial transmission. The further construction of the gearbox 1 corresponds to the first embodiment of 1 ,

The pretranslation by the planetary stage PG2 could also be completely eliminated. The electric machine 2 is then designed with less speed and more torque. There are other gear assignments conceivable in the main transmission HG. For example, the second wheel plane R2 and the fourth wheel plane R4 can be reversed. Thus, the wheel planes for the third gear G3 and the fourth gear G4 would be reversed.

It can also be a disconnect clutch or starting clutch for the internal combustion engine 21 to be added. Then, the second and the third switching element S2, S3 can be executed as a synchronized switching elements and the synchronization of the gears of the second partial transmission, the gears, which the second transmission input shaft 5 are assigned takes place with the clutch open.

In addition, here too one or more mechanical reverse gears can be added. This can be implemented either as an additional Stirnradebene with an additional switching element or planetary reversible kit with two additional switching elements, one forwards and one for backwards. In addition, a so-called GPR range group can be used, in which the reverse gear is integrated in the range group.

In the 2 Exemplary indicated numerical values for the individual translations i of the respective wheel planes PG1, PG2, R1-R5 can also be used for this embodiment variant. Likewise, however, other numerical values can also be used here.

The 6 shows an associated switching matrix of the transmission 1 out 5 for the ten gears G1-G10 from the point of view of the internal combustion engine 21 , This switching matrix essentially corresponds to the switching matrix 3 in the ISG mode, wherein the sixth switching element S6 is omitted, since the ring gear HR2 of the planetary stage PG2 permanently rotatably connected to a housing part. The power interruption-free switching of the range group PG1 and the method for lowering the countershaft speed in the direct gear, the tenth gear G10, are also performed as in the first variant in 1 ,

The 7 shows a third embodiment of a 10-speed transmission. The gear 1 differs from the two previously shown embodiments only in the execution of the second planetary gear PG2. The second planetary gear PG2 is also a planetary stage between an electric machine 2 and the first transmission input shaft 4 arranged. The electric machine 2 has a stator 18 , which rotatably with a housing-fixed component 17 or a transmission housing of the transmission 1 or with another non-rotatable component of the transmission 1 connected so that the stator 18 can not accept any speed. A rotatably mounted rotor 19 the electric machine 2 is rotatably connected to a sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 Planetenradsatzwelle the planetary stage. The ring gear HR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 is rotationally fixed to the first transmission input shaft 4 connected. The web ST2 of the second planetary gear PG2 is rotationally fixed with a housing part 17 connected. In addition, the second planetary gear PG2 assigned a seventh switching element S7, which is the electric machine 2 and the sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear PG2 formed Planetenradsatzwelle the planetary stage with the second transmission input shaft 5 can connect. This seventh switching element S7 acts only on one side and can in the closed switching position R, the second transmission input shaft 5 and connect the sun gear SR2 of the second planetary gear with each other, or it may be opened and make no connection between two components. A fixed pretranslation for the electric machine 2 has the advantage that the electric machine 2 cost with less torque, but higher speed can be designed. In the present case, the electric machine rotates 2 in the forward gears backwards, which is an electrical machine 2 easily possible. About the planetary stage PG2 are using the seventh switching element S7 in its switching position R mechanical reverse gears for the internal combustion engine 21 made available. The gears that are associated with the first partial transmission, the gears of the first transmission input shaft 4 with the first and second wheel plane R1 and R2, are then used as reverse gears with additional reduction by the planetary stage PG2. By the arrangement of the electric machine 2 with the planetary stage on the first transmission input shaft 4 is the electric machine 2 furthermore assigned to the first partial transmission. The further construction of the gearbox 1 corresponds to the first embodiment of 1 ,

In the 2 Exemplary indicated numerical values for the individual translations i of the respective wheel planes PG1, PG2, R1-R5 can also be used for this embodiment variant. Likewise, however, other numerical values can also be used here.

The 8th shows an associated switching matrix of the transmission 1 out 7 for the ten gears G1-G10 and four reverse gears GR1-GR4 from the point of view of the internal combustion engine 21 , This switching matrix essentially corresponds to the switching matrix 3 , wherein the sixth switching element S6 is omitted and for a seventh switching element S7 was recorded with a switching position R. The power interruption-free switching of the range group PG1 and the method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear, the tenth gear G10, are also performed as in the first variant in FIG 1 ,

The power flow in the first reverse gear RG1 becomes, as in 8th shown, via the second transmission input shaft 5 . the seventh switching element S7 in its switching position R, the second planetary gear PG2, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first switching element S1 in its first switching position A, the first wheel plane R1, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth switching element S4 in its first switching position G, the main shaft 10 and the range section PG1 connected in the slow range to the output shaft 3 directed. The power flow in the second reverse gear RG2 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the seventh switching element S7 in its switching position R, the second planetary gear PG2, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B, the second wheel plane R2, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its first shift position G, the main shaft 10 and the range section PG1 connected in the slow range to the output shaft 3 directed. The power flow in the third reverse gear RG3 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the seventh switching element S7 in its switching position R, the second planetary gear PG2, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first shift element S1 in its first shift position A, the second wheel plane R2, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H and the range group PG1 connected in the fast range to the output shaft 3 directed. The power flow in the fourth reverse gear RG4 is via the second transmission input shaft 5 , the seventh switching element S7 in its switching position R, the second planetary gear PG2, the first transmission input shaft 4 , the first shift element S1 in its second shift position B, the first wheel plane R1, the countershaft VW, the output constant R5, the fourth shift element S4 in its second shift position H and the range group PG1 connected in the fast range to the output shaft 3 directed.

To lower the speed of the electric machine 2 The following procedure is carried out, especially in direct
The starting point is a gear of the second partial transmission, which is the second transmission input shaft 5 is assigned, the internal combustion engine driving. This may be, for example, the direct gear, the tenth gear G10, in which the third shift element S3 is in its second shift position F. The speed of the electric machine 2 is lowered by the first switching elements S1 is opened and the seventh switching element S7 is brought into its switching position R. The seventh switching element S7, or the gear thereby connected, is controlled by the speed control of the electric machine 2 synchronized. The electric machine 2 then turns at the same speed as the combustion engine 21 and the pretranslation of the planetary stage PG2 is not effective. This offers the advantage that low zero load losses on the electric machine 2 arise. The electric machine 2 is directly with the combustion engine 21 connected so that at a load point increase on the internal combustion engine 21 the additional torque of the internal combustion engine 21 towards the electric machine 2 is not conducted via a gearing. This brings a good mechanical efficiency. In the switching matrix in 8th this is shown in line G10 (R). In addition, in this example, the countershaft speed is lowered by closing the second switching element S2 in the second switching position D (third wheel plane R3 with spur gear ratio -1). In the numerical example, the internal combustion engine then turns 21 , the electric machine 2 and the countershaft VW all the same speed. With long-distance trucks lowering in direct gear is particularly useful because the direct gear has a high proportion of driving.

The gear 1 can be part of a powertrain 20 a hybrid vehicle. This will be in 9 shown. The powertrain 20 points next to the gearbox 1 an internal combustion engine 21 as a second drive, as well as one with wheels 22 the hybrid vehicle connected axle drive 23 on, wherein the second transmission input shaft 5 of the main transmission HG constantly with the internal combustion engine 21 connected or connectable and the output shaft 3 of the transmission 1 with the axle drive 23 is drivingly connected. A separating clutch for the internal combustion engine 21 can be between the internal combustion engine 21 and the transmission 1 be installed, but is not necessary for purely electric driving, since the second transmission input shaft 5 as described can be disconnected by opening switching elements.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

transmission

2

electric machine

3

output shaft

4

first transmission input shaft

5

second transmission input shaft

6

first idler gear of the main gearbox

7

second idler gear of the main gearbox

8th

third idler gear of the main gearbox

9

fourth idler gear of the main gearbox

10

main shaft

11

fifth idler gear of the main gearbox

12

first fixed gear of the countershaft

13

second fixed gear of the countershaft

14

third fixed gear of the countershaft

15

fourth fixed gear of the countershaft

16

fifth fixed gear of the countershaft

17

housing-fixed component

18

Stator of the electric machine

19

Rotor of the electric machine

20

powertrain

21

internal combustion engine

22

bikes

23

transaxles

HG

main gearbox

PG1

 first planetary gear, range group

PG2

 second planetary gear, planetary stage

EM

electric machine

HR1, HR2

Holrad

ST1, ST2

web

SR1, SR2

sun

PR1, PR2

planet

S1

first switching element

S2

second switching element

S3

third switching element

S4

fourth switching element

S5

fifth switching element

S6

sixth switching element

S7

seventh switching element

A

first switching position of the first switching element S1

B

second switching position of the first switching element S1

C

first switching position of the second switching element S2, partial transmission coupling

D

second switching position of the second switching element S2

e

first switching position of the third switching element S3

F

second switching position of the third switching element S3, direct gear

G

first switching position of the fourth switching element S4

H

second shift position of the fourth shift element S4, traction support of the range group

I

first switching position of the fifth switching element S5, EDA mode

J

second switching position of the fifth switching element S5, ISG mode

L

first switching position of the sixth switching element S6, slow range

S

second switching position of the sixth switching element S6, fast range

R1

first wheel plane

R2

second wheel plane

R3

third wheel plane

R4

fourth wheel plane

R5

fifth wheel plane, output constant

G1

 first course

G2

second gear

G3

third gear

G4

fourth gear

G5

fifth gear

G6

sixth gear

G7

seventh gear

G8

eighth gear

G9

Ninth gear

G10

tenth gear

GR1

 first reverse

GR2

 second reverse

GR3

 third reverse

GR4

 fourth reverse

i

translation

phi

gear step

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• DE 102010030573 A1 [0003]
• DE 102010063582 A1 [0004]
• DE 102014202381 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear for lowering the countershaft speed in a transmission ( 1 ) for a hybrid application using a hybrid drive with an internal combustion engine ( 21 ) and an electric machine ( 2 ), wherein the transmission ( 1 ) a two parallel partial transmission comprehensive main transmission (HG) with at least one countershaft (VW), and an output shaft ( 3 ), and two elements comprising the web (ST1, ST2), sun gear (SR1, SR2) and ring gear (HR1, HR2) comprising planetary gear (PG1, PG2), wherein each partial transmission, a transmission input shaft ( 4 . 5 ), wherein a first transmission input shaft ( 4 ) as a hollow shaft and a second transmission input shaft ( 5 ) is implemented as a solid shaft, wherein a first planetary gear (PG1) connects as a range group to the main transmission (HG), wherein the main transmission (HG) a first (R1), a second (R2), a third (R3), a fourth ( R4) and a fifth gear plane (R5) and a first (S1), a second (S2), a third (S3) and a fourth switching element (S4), characterized in that the synchronization of the countershaft speed to a target speed in the direct gear (R4) G19) via a speed control of the electric machine ( 2 ) is carried out. Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the direct gear is the tenth gear (G10). Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the countershaft speed can be lowered to zero. Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that first the switching element of the highest gear of the first sub-transmission is closed, unless it is closed from its previous history. A method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to claim 4, characterized in that the switching element of the highest gear of the first subgear is the first switching element (S1) in its second switching position (B), through the second gear plane (R2) a fourth gear (G4) is formed. Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for switching the direct gear, the third switching element (S3) is switched to its second switching position (F). Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the tenth gear with a preselected sixth gear (G10 (6)) the speed of the countershaft (VW) is lowered and in the tenth gear at a preselected idling speed (G10 (FIG. 0)) the speed of the countershaft (VW) and the speed of the electric machine ( 2 ) is lowered to zero. A method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a switching element of a Vorschaltgruppe (PG2) is used for synchronization, which is also closed for a reverse drive. Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to claim 8, characterized in that the switching element of the Vorschaltgruppe is a single-acting seventh switching element (S7), which is brought into its closed switching position (R) and the first switching element (S1) is opened. Method for synchronizing the countershaft speed in the direct gear according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the countershaft speed of two countershafts (VW) is lowered.

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