DE102015214185B4 - Battery module for a motor vehicle, module assembly and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery module (10) for a motor vehicle. The battery module (10) comprises a cell assembly (12) with a plurality of battery cells (14). The battery cells (14) are arranged at a predetermined angle inclined to an extension direction (x) of the battery module (10) in the extension direction (x) adjacent to each other. Furthermore, the battery module (10) comprises a carrying device (16). The carrying device (16) has a plurality of adjoining receiving profiles in the direction of extent (x). In each case a receiving profile, a battery cell (14) is supported. Furthermore, the carrying device (16) comprises at least one cooling channel through which a cooling medium can flow.

Description

The invention relates to a battery module for a motor vehicle. The battery module comprises a cell network with a plurality of battery cells. The battery cells are arranged at a predetermined angle inclined to an extension direction of the battery module in the direction of extension adjacent to each other. Furthermore, the invention relates to a module arrangement with at least two such battery modules and a motor vehicle with such a battery module and / or such a module arrangement.

From the prior art of DE 10 2005 054 435 A1 obliquely arranged battery cells of a battery unit for a motor vehicle are known. The battery unit is arranged in a box in which the battery unit is held by holding fixtures. The battery unit further stores in the box on a deflection ramp which, in the event of a collision of the motor vehicle in which the battery cells of the battery unit would be pushed together, deflects the battery cells into a collecting space located above the battery unit.

In the DE 198 48 646 A1 a traction battery for a motor vehicle is described. The traction battery comprises a receiving device, in which an electrochemical energy store is arranged with a plurality of memory cells, a cooling air intake device and a cooling air outlet device. The receiving device further comprises a housing which largely closes the energy store to the outside. Furthermore, the receiving device comprises a cell holder in which the memory cells are mounted. The cell holder comprises a plurality of parallel juxtaposed foot parts which extend in a longitudinal direction of the energy store and between which flow channels for cooling air are formed. The foot parts have recesses into which the memory cells are inserted along an inclined plane. Between the memory cells and the housing, a cooling air collecting space is provided above the memory cells.

In the DE 11 2005 001 860 B4 a mounting structure of a battery assembly is described with a plurality of battery modules for a motor vehicle. The respective battery modules have a plurality of battery cells, which are accommodated in a housing. The battery module is arranged inclined in a further housing. As a result, in each case a free space is formed between an upper side and a lower side of the battery module and the further housing, which is designed for the cooling air supply.

Although the oblique arrangement of the battery cells of the battery unit reduces in principle the structural height of the battery unit compared to a conventional straight or upright arrangement of the battery cells. However, since a collecting space is provided above the battery unit, the installation space to be provided in the height direction of the motor vehicle is not saved compared to the conventional arrangement, but the arrangement has an increased space requirement.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a battery module, a module assembly and a motor vehicle of the type mentioned, which or which has a particularly low space requirement and uses the space particularly well.

This object is achieved by a battery module having the features of patent claim 1, by a module arrangement having the features of patent claim 9 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 11. Advantageous embodiments with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a battery module for a motor vehicle. The battery module comprises a cell network with a plurality of battery cells. The battery cells are arranged at a predetermined angle inclined to an extension direction of the battery module in the direction of extension adjacent to each other. In other words, the battery cells are arranged in a row like scales. The battery cells further each include a particular prismatic battery cell housing. In other words, the respective battery cells may have a prismatic shape, in particular a cuboid shape. Within the battery cell housing, a galvanic element is arranged in a manner known per se, which comprises arresters coated with a respective electrochemical material. On an upper side, the respective battery cells preferably have two connection elements, the so-called electric poles, between which there is an electrical voltage. One of the two connecting elements is preferred as a positive pole, the other connecting element preferably designed as a negative pole. In each case leads to the respective connection element, an arrester of the battery cell.

The battery module according to the invention is characterized in that the battery module comprises a carrying device, which has in the direction of extension of the battery module a plurality of adjoining receiving profiles. In each case a recording profile is a Battery cell supported. Preferably, the carrying device is designed as an extruded profile. For example, the extruded profile can be an aluminum extruded profile or an extruded profile made of an aluminum alloy. This makes it possible to produce the carrying device in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner. If the extruded profile is designed in particular as a hollow extruded profile, then the carrying device and thus the battery module have a particularly low weight.

According to the invention, the plurality of receiving profiles in the extension direction of the battery module forms a sawtooth profile. In other words, the carrying device preferably has a zigzag shape in cross-section in the direction of extent of the battery module. Since the battery cells are arranged inclined to the extension direction, the respective bottom surfaces of the battery cell are also arranged inclined to the extension direction and not, as in the straight upright arrangement of the battery cells, parallel to the extension direction. This results between two adjacent battery cells of the plurality of battery cells under the bottom surface of a respective battery cell, in particular a triangular, cavity. This cavity is filled by the receiving profile of the support means and thereby supports the battery cells.

Thus, for example, if the plurality of receiving profiles forms a sawtooth profile and a battery cell is arranged in each case in a receiving profile, then the respective receiving profile adjoins a bottom surface and an adjacent side surface of the battery cell. In other words, in each case one receiving profile can form an angled contact surface for one battery cell each. The receiving profile extends, for example, perpendicular to the extension direction along the bottom surface and the adjoining the bottom surface side surface of the battery cell. By the support means no additional holding elements are necessary, which hold the battery cells in their oblique position.

Furthermore, the carrying device comprises at least one cooling channel, which can be traversed by a cooling medium. The cooling medium may be, for example, a gaseous cooling medium, in particular air, and / or a liquid cooling medium, in particular a water-glycol mixture. As a result, the carrying device or support structure benefits a double function. On the one hand, the carrying device supports the battery cells and, on the other hand, the battery cells can be cooled by the cooling channel arranged in the carrying device. By integrating the cooling channel in the support means, the battery module is designed to be particularly compact and thus has a particularly low space requirement.

An embodiment of the invention provides that at least one of the receiving profiles forms a wall of the at least one cooling channel. In other words, at least one wall of the cooling channel is provided by at least one receiving profile. As already mentioned above, the support device may be formed, for example, as a hollow extruded profile, which occupies the cavity in each case between two adjacent battery cells. The region of the carrying device, which is arranged in the cavity, can be flowed through by the cooling medium as the cooling channel. Since at least one cooling channel is already formed in the support structure by the formation of the receiving profiles, space is saved.

In an advantageous manner, the carrying device is arranged between a first side wall of the battery module which is parallel to the extension direction and one of the first side wall, in particular parallel, opposite second side wall of the battery module. In particular, the battery cells, which are supported by the support means, between the first and the second side wall of the battery module are arranged. Preferably, the first and / or the second side wall of the battery module as a casting, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and / or plastic, is formed. Due to the two-sided arrangement of the side walls on the support device or the battery cells, the battery module has a particularly high stability.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the first side wall has a distribution channel with a coolant inlet, which is fluidically coupled to the at least one cooling channel of the support device. Additionally or alternatively, the second side wall has a collecting channel with a coolant outlet, wherein the collecting channel is fluidically coupled to the at least one cooling channel of the carrying device. For example, the cooling medium can reach the distribution channel in the first side wall via the coolant inlet. The cooling medium can flow into the distribution channel and be deflected from there into the at least one cooling channel of the support device. Subsequently, the cooling medium can be conveyed into the collecting channel of the second side wall and exit via the coolant outlet from the collecting channel. Through the distribution channel and / or the collecting channel, the cooling medium can be guided not only particularly easy in or out of the cooling channel, but also the cooling of the battery module can be increased because not only the support structure, but also the first and / or the side wall for cooling the battery module contributes.

As already explained above, the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells. For this purpose, the battery cells of the battery module are preferably electrically connected in series and / or in parallel. The circuit can be done on a respective connection element - the positive pole or negative pole - the battery cell by means of so-called cell connectors. At least two of the battery cells of the cell assembly can be electrically conductively connected via at least one cell connector. If the battery cells of the battery module, for example, connected in series, the negative pole of a battery cell is connected to the positive pole of the adjacent battery cell. If, for example, the battery cells of the battery module are connected in parallel, the positive pole of a battery cell with the plus pole of the adjacent battery cell and the negative pole of a battery cell with the negative pole of the adjacent battery cell are connected to one another. A combination of parallel and series connection is possible.

In an advantageous manner, the first and / or the second side wall has a further cooling channel, which is designed to cool at least one cell connector of the cell assembly. In other words, the first and / or the second side wall may comprise a further cooling channel for cooling at least one cell connector by means of a cooling medium flowing through the further cooling channel. For this purpose, the at least one cell connector can be guided, for example, starting from a connection element of a battery cell to a connection element of an adjacent battery cell such that a region of the cell connector rests against the first and / or second side wall of the battery module. As a result, thermal energy can be transmitted from the at least one cell connector to a respective side wall or the cooling medium. The cooling of the cell connector has the advantage that the cell connector does not thermally expand and thus there can be no damage to the respective connection elements of the battery cell.

In order to achieve a long service life of the battery cells, they are braced in order to prevent the battery cells from expanding, for example during charging of the battery cells. Despite the cell strain "breathe" the battery cells, that is, they change depending on the state of charge and possibly as a function of the temperature of their volume. If the battery cells in the battery module expand, the battery cells exert forces on each other, which reduces the service life of the respective battery cells and possibly also damages them. These forces can range from 1 kilonewton and increase to 20 kilonewtons by the end of battery life or battery life. To counteract the expansion, the battery cells are preferably clamped together. For this purpose, the battery cells between two press plates, for example made of steel, be arranged and clamped with a strap. The press plates are designed to absorb the forces resulting from the expansion.

This structure is particularly expensive. In order to simplify the structure for clamping the battery cells, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a fixing element is arranged at a first end of the cell assembly, which exerts a force pressing the battery cells against one another in the direction of extension. The fixing element may be formed, for example, as a wedge. If the fixing element is designed, for example, as a wedge, it can be arranged at the first end of the cell assembly between a battery cell and a wall of the battery module, for example a housing of the battery module. According to the wedge principle, the fixing element can exert a force pressing the battery cells against each other in the extension direction of the battery module. In other words, the wedge can act like a wedge clamp. By bracing the battery cells with a fixing element can be dispensed with the press plates and the clamping band, which components and thus costs can be saved. Furthermore, a biasing force can be generated in a particularly simple manner without the need for a complex clamping arrangement for the battery module.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the fixing element is coupled to the support means and / or the first side wall and / or the second side wall of the battery module via a Verspannelement such that by means of the Verspannelements the battery cells against each other pressing force is adjustable. The bracing element may in particular be a screw. This results in the advantage that the clamping force is variably adjustable by means of the Verspannelements. Over the service life of the battery module, the force that holds together the cell assembly can be reduced since battery cells exert forces on one another as a result of the charging and discharging cycles. By means of the bracing element, it is particularly easy to re-tension the battery module.

In an advantageous manner, a support element which forms an abutment is arranged on a second end of the cell assembly opposite the first end in the extension direction. In other words, the cell composite supports on a support surface of the support element, which is arranged at the second end of the cell assembly. The bearing surface is in particular at the same angle as the battery cells inclined to the extension direction aligned. Preferably, the support element is coupled to the first and / or the second side wall, in particular screwed. Preferably, the support element may have a wedge shape or be formed as a plate. This results in the advantage that the stability of the battery module can be further increased.

The invention further includes a module arrangement with at least two battery modules according to the invention or embodiments of the battery module according to the invention.

An embodiment of the invention provides that the module arrangement comprises a main channel for distributing a cooling medium to at least two supply channels, which respectively supply a battery module of the module arrangement with the cooling medium. For example, the respective battery module has the distribution channel with a coolant inlet in the first side wall and the collecting channel with the coolant outlet in the second side wall, wherein both channels - the distribution channel and the collection channel - are fluidically coupled to the at least one cooling channel of the respective battery module.

For example, the at least two battery modules can be supplied simultaneously or sequentially with a cooling medium, which flows through the channels of the respective battery module.

If the at least two battery modules are to be supplied with the cooling medium at the same time, then the respective coolant inlets of the respective battery modules can be coupled to one of the supply channels. The cooling medium can be distributed to the respective supply ducts via the main duct. Through this channel arrangement, the cooling medium passes from the main channel into the respective supply channels to the coolant inlets of the respective, d. H. at least two, battery modules. Subsequently, the cooling medium flows via the respective coolant inlets of the at least two battery modules into the respective distribution channels. From the respective distribution channel in the battery module, the cooling medium enters the at least one cooling channel of the battery module. Thereafter, the cooling medium can be conveyed into the collecting channel of the second side wall and exit via the coolant outlet from the respective collecting channel of the respective battery module. This results in the advantage that the cooling medium has approximately the same flow temperature for each battery module of the module assembly, and thereby each battery module of the module assembly can be uniformly cooled.

If, on the other hand, the at least two battery modules are supplied in series with the cooling medium which flows through the channels of the respective battery module, then the cooling medium initially passes into a battery module via a coolant inlet of the at least two battery modules. So that the cooling medium then flows into the channels of the next battery module after flowing through the channels of one battery module, the coolant outlet of one battery module is fluidically coupled to the coolant inlet of the next battery module, for example by a pipe and / or a hose.

In the first battery module, in which the cooling medium enters via the coolant inlet, the cooling medium is first fed into the distribution channel of the first battery module and then passes through the at least one cooling channel and the collecting channel of the first battery module. Subsequently, the cooling medium passes from the coolant outlet of the first battery module to the coolant inlet of the next battery module and, in the next battery module, flows successively through the distribution channel, the at least one cooling channel and the collecting channel. This flow guidance can be continued for subsequent battery modules of the module arrangement.

Furthermore, the invention further includes a motor vehicle with a battery module and / or a module arrangement. The battery module is an embodiment of the battery module according to the invention. The module arrangement is an embodiment of the module arrangement according to the invention.

The advantages and preferred embodiments described for the battery module according to the invention also apply to the module arrangement according to the invention and to the motor vehicle according to the invention.

The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures alone can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without the scope of To leave invention. Thus, embodiments are also included and disclosed by the invention, which are not explicitly shown or explained in the figures, however, emerge and can be produced by separated combinations of features from the embodiments explained.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the following description is preferred Embodiments and with reference to the drawings. Showing:

1 a schematic representation of a battery module in a side view with a cell assembly with obliquely arranged battery cells, which are supported by a support means, and with a laterally arranged cell connector, which electrically couples the battery cells together;

2 a schematic representation of the battery module 1 in a plan view;

3 a schematic representation of a first side wall, a second side wall and the support means of the battery module in an exploded view;

4 a schematic representation of the first side wall with a cooling channel with coolant inlet and receiving areas for respective cell connectors;

5 a schematic representation of the cell assembly with a arranged at a first end of the cell composite fixing and arranged at the second end of the cell composite support member in a side view;

6 a schematic representation of the battery module with a battery case, in which the cell assembly is arranged with the inclined battery cells, wherein at the first end of the cell composite, a variant of the fixing element and at the second end of the cell assembly a variant of the support element is arranged;

7 a schematic representation of a component assembly of the first side wall, the second side wall, the support means, a variant of the support member and a variant of the fixing of the battery module in a perspective view;

8th an enlargement of a section of the component assembly according to 7 with the battery cells in a side view;

9 a schematic representation of the component assembly 7 with the battery cells in a perspective view;

10 a schematic representation of a module assembly with three battery modules in a plan view and a schematic flow guidance of a cooling medium;

11 a schematic representation of the cell network with an electrical coupling of the battery cells with laterally arranged cell connectors in a perspective view;

12 a schematic representation of a section of the battery module, wherein in each case a receiving portion of a side wall of the battery module, a part of a cell connector is arranged;

13 a schematic representation of the electrically coupled battery cells of the battery module according to 11 in a perspective view, which are arranged on the support means and between the side walls of the battery module;

14 a schematic representation of a battery cell of the battery module with a partially arranged on a side wall cell connector;

15 a schematic representation of the battery module according to 13 in a perspective view with a variant of the fixing element and a cover unit, which covers the cell composite;

16 a schematic representation of the battery module according to 15 in another perspective view;

17 a schematic representation of the battery module according to 15 in a sectional view;

18 a schematic representation of a channel between the cover and two adjacent battery cells;

19 a schematic representation of a module assembly with three battery modules and a frame which surrounds the respective battery modules and is arranged on the cover unit of the battery modules;

In 1 is schematically a battery module 10 with a cell network 12 which has a plurality of battery cells 14 includes. The battery module 10 is shown in a side view. Such a battery module 10 can be used for example in a battery of a motor vehicle. The battery cells 14 can also be designed as lithium-ion cells for this purpose. In such a battery module 10 are the battery cells 14 electrically connected in series and / or in parallel to provide correspondingly high voltages and currents.

The battery cells 14 each comprise a battery cell housing, which in the present example prismatic, in particular as a cuboid, is formed. Within the battery cell housing is in a conventional manner a galvanic element arranged, comprising with a respective electrochemical material coated arrester (not shown in the figures). Each arrester is a connection element 28 , about a positive pole or a negative pole, the battery cell 14 led, which at a top 22 the respective battery cell 14 are arranged.

As 1 shows are the battery cells 14 inclined to an extension direction x of the battery module 10 arranged at an angle α to the extension direction x. In other words, the battery cells 14 arranged in a scale like a scale adjacent to each other and inclined to the extension direction x. The angle α may have a value between 30 ° and 90 °, in particular of 45 °. The oblique arrangement reduces the structural height in a vertical direction z of the battery module 10 compared to a conventional straight or upright arrangement of the battery cells 14 , An upright battery cell 14 is in 1 illustrated by the dashed lines. The reduction of the structural height of the battery module 10 is illustrated by a double arrow z1. The height of the battery module resulting from the oblique cell arrangement 10 is illustrated by another double arrow z2.

Because the battery cells 14 are arranged inclined to the extension direction x, is also the respective bottom surface 26 the battery cells 14 also inclined to the extension direction x arranged and is not, such as in the straight, upright arrangement of the battery cells 14 , to the extension direction x parallel. This results between two adjacent battery cells 14 between the floor surface 26 and a side surface 24 an adjacent battery cell 14 , A in cross-section in particular triangular cavity.

This cavity is supported by a support 16 completed (compare 3 ). The carrying device 16 is designed to charge the battery cells 14 to support. The carrying device 16 has in the extension direction x a plurality of adjacent receiving profiles 18 on. In each case a recording profile 18 is a battery cell 14 supported.

The majority of adjoining recording profiles 18 forms a sawtooth profile. In each case a recording profile 18 the majority of intake profiles 18 the carrying device 16 includes a recess between the tips of the teeth of the sawtooth profile. The respective admission profile 18 adjoins the floor area 26 and to the floor area 26 adjacent side surface 24 the battery cell 14 which in the admission profile 18 is arranged. In other words, each can have a recording profile 18 an angled contact surface for each one battery cell 14 form. The recording profile 18 extends, for example, perpendicular to the extension direction x in the width direction (in 1 not shown) along the bottom surface 26 and the side surface 24 the battery cell 14 ,

The carrying device 16 For example, it may be formed as an extruded profile having cavities. In the areas of the respective cavity, which is below the floor surface 26 the battery cell 14 between two adjacent battery cells 14 is formed, the carrying device 16 have the same shape as the cavity, that is a triangular in cross-sectional shape. Through the hollow extruded profile can each have a cooling channel in the cavity 20 be formed, which can be flowed through by a cooling medium. As the cell network 12 a plurality of inclined battery cells 14 has the battery module 10 several such cooling channels 20 on.

The battery cells 14 of the battery module 10 are electrically connected in series and / or in parallel. The electrically conductive connection takes place at the respective connection element 28 the battery cell 14 with the help of a so-called cell connector 30 (see 12 ). Present are at the top 22 the respective battery cells 14 two connection elements 28 , the so-called electric poles, arranged between which an electrical voltage is present. The top 22 the respective battery cells 14 extends parallel to the bottom surface 26 the respective battery cells 14 , One of the two connection elements 28 is preferred as positive pole, the other connection element 28 preferably designed as a negative pole. The battery cells 14 Be about at least one cell connector 30 electrically connected to each other. In 1 are the battery cells 14 connected in parallel.

Because the battery cells 14 are arranged inclined to the extension direction x, the cell connector 30 only in terms of space unfavorable on the top 22 the battery cells 14 be applied to the battery cells 14 connect to. In the present case, therefore, the cell connector 30 initially starting from the respective connection element 28 to one side of the cell network 12 , ie in the width direction y of the battery module 10 , in the direction of a side surface of the battery cell 14 guided, which extend in the extension direction of the battery cell 14 extends. This allows the battery cells 14 laterally with the cell connector 30 be electrically coupled together. The cell connector 30 thus runs along the side surfaces 24 the battery cells 14 which coincide with the direction of extension x. On the exact arrangement of the cell connector 30 will be discussed in more detail later.

In 2 is the battery module 10 out 1 shown in a plan view. This is the lateral arrangement of the cell connector 30 clearer. Starting from the respective connection element 28 a respective battery cell 14 is a first cell connector 30 once in the width direction y to one side of the battery module 10 and another cell connector 30 to another side of the battery module 10 guided and connects in the extension direction x the respective battery cells 14 electrically with each other.

How out 2 still shows, are the battery cells 14 between a first side wall parallel to the extension direction x 32 and one of the first sidewalls 32 parallel opposite second side wall 34 arranged. This will cause the battery cells 14 additionally supported.

In 3 are the first sidewall 32 , the second side wall 34 and the carrying device 16 of the battery module 10 shown in an exploded view. In synopsis with 4 Below is the structure of the respective side wall 32 . 34 explained in more detail. In 4 Although only the first side wall 32 shown the second side wall 34 but can be analogous to the first sidewall 32 be configured, as will be explained in more detail below.

How to 2 already described, are the battery cells 14 between the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 arranged. Furthermore, the carrying device is also 16 between the two side walls 32 . 34 arranged. The carrying device 16 can thus a bottom plate of the battery module 10 form on which the battery cells 14 are arranged. To form the framework of the support device 16 , first 32 and second side wall 34 The three components can be welded together.

As 4 can be seen, includes the first side wall 32 a coolant inlet 36 , to which a distribution channel 44 followed. The distribution channel 44 runs in a loop within the first sidewall 32 , The first side wall 32 also has openings 40 on. Is the first sidewall 32 on the carrying device 16 arranged (compare 3 ), so is the distribution channel 44 via at least one opening of the openings 40 with at least one cooling channel 20 the carrying device 16 fluidly coupled.

Because the carrying device 16 several cooling channels 20 owns, preferably the number of openings 40 with the number of cooling channels 20 the carrying device 16 match. That is, each cooling channel 20 the carrying device 16 is over one opening each 40 with the distribution channel 44 fluidly coupled. Analogous to the first side wall 32 , also has the second side wall 34 these openings 40 on. About the openings 40 the second side wall 34 are the cooling channels 20 the carrying device 16 fluidly coupled to the collection channel (not shown in figures). Analogous to the distribution channel 44 the first side wall 32 the collection channel may be in a loop within the second side wall 34 run and into a coolant outlet 38 over which the cooling medium from the battery module 10 can be deducted, lead to (compare 3 ).

According to 3 have the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 each slot-shaped openings on one upper side. These slot-shaped openings are openings of receiving areas 42 (see 4 ). The reception areas 42 are for receiving at least a portion of a respective cell connector 30 designed. How very good in 4 it can be seen, are the receiving areas 42 is designed as a pocket. On the reception areas 42 will be discussed in more detail later. In the vertical direction z of the distribution channel runs 44 starting from the coolant inlet 36 below the reception areas 42 to an upper portion of the first side wall 32 and then runs in the extension direction x of the battery module 10 below the reception areas 42 , Then the distribution channel runs 44 in an arc to a lower area of the first side wall 32 and extends in the direction of extension x along the openings 40 to the cooling medium in the cooling channels 20 the carrying device 16 to distribute. Analogous to the distribution channel 44 the first side wall 32 can the collection channel in the second side wall 34 run. Only the cooling medium flows through the collecting channel towards the coolant outlet 38 ,

Through the course of the distribution channel 44 and / or the collection channel is the cell network 12 also by the first one 32 and second side wall 34 cooled. To further enhance the cooling, the first show 32 and / or the second sidewall 34 , as 3 it can be seen, free spaces, ie holes on, through which during operation of the battery module 10 released heat can escape.

Out 5 is the inclined cell network 12 with a fixing element 46 and a support element 48 out. At a first end A of the cell network 12 is the fixing element 46 arranged. The fixing element 46 has a wedge shape. In other words, the fixing element 46 formed as a wedge. The fixing element 46 serves one, the battery cells 14 in the extension direction x against each other pressing force on the cell composite 12 exercise.

At a second end B of the cell assembly opposite the first end A in the extension direction x 12 is a support element 48 arranged. The support element 48 forms an abutment for the cell network 12 , In other words, the cell network is stored 12 on a support surface of the supporting member 48 , which at the second end B of the cell composite 12 is arranged. The bearing surface is in particular at the same angle as the battery cells 14 inclined to the extension direction x aligned. In 5 has the support element 48 a plate-like shape.

Comes the battery module 10 For example, in a motor vehicle for use, so can in the direction of extension x of the battery module 10 behind the support element 48 a subframe 50 or the like body component may be arranged. If there is a crash of the motor vehicle, in which the subframe 50 towards the battery module 10 , as indicated by the arrow moves, so pushes the subframe 50 the battery cells 14 not together or damage them. Rather, the subframe 50 through the support element 48 diverted. This is the support element 48 , also like the battery cells 14 , arranged inclined to the direction of extension x and plate-shaped. Thus comes in this case the support element 48 a double function too. Namely, once a support function as an abutment and a protective function by the support element 48 in the event of a crash on the battery module 10 or the support element 48 deflects impinging components.

According to 6 have the fixing element 46 and the support element 48 a wedge shape on. To take advantage of the space particularly well, have the fixing 46 and the support element 48 each recesses 56 on. In the recesses 56 can be components of the battery module 10 , such as cables. The recesses 56 can also be used as additional cooling channels, which extend through the fixing 46 and the support element 48 in the width direction y of the battery module 10 extend, be formed. The cell network 12 , the fixing element 46 , the support element 48 and the carrying device 16 (in 6 not shown) can from a housing 52 of the battery module 10 be surrounded. In other words, the cell network 12 , the fixing element 46 , the support element 48 and the carrying device 16 in the case 52 arranged. The first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 can either one wall of the housing 52 training or within the housing 52 be arranged.

The housing 52 includes a cover unit 54 which the cell composite 12 covered. The housing 52 is with at least two fasteners 66 For example, held on the body. The fasteners 66 can be designed in particular as screws.

To the battery cells 14 To fix, the fixing element can 46 according to the wedge principle in the extension direction x of the battery module 10 one the battery cells 14 against each other pressing force on the battery cells 14 exercise. This is the fixing element 46 at the first end A of the cell composite 12 between a battery cell 14 and a wall of the housing 52 arranged. This creates between the cell composite 12 and the housing 52 a wedge connection. By introducing the wedge-shaped fixing element 46 become the battery cells 14 braced against each other. But so that the fixing 46 a biasing force on the battery cells 14 exerts, the fixing element 46 via a tensioning element 58 with the housing 52 coupled. By the tensioning element 58 is the battery cells 14 adjustable against each other pressing force. In the tensioning element 58 it may be, for example, a screw.

In synopsis of 7 to 9 should the construction of the battery module 10 and the function of the components of the battery module 10 be explained in more detail.

In 7 is the scaffolding off 3 around the fixing element 46 in a further variant, and the support element 48 , in another variant, extended. The fixing element 46 and the support element 48 are with the first sidewall 32 and the second side wall 34 connected. For example, the fixing element 46 and the support element 48 with the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 be bolted.

In 7 the fixing element settles 46 even if it is integrally formed, composed of three parts. The fixing element 46 consists of two wedge-shaped edge pieces, the first edge piece 60 and the second edge piece 62 , Both edge pieces 60 . 62 are each in a recess V on the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 are arranged. The first edge piece 60 is in the recess V of the first side wall 32 and the second edge piece 62 in the recess V of the second side wall 34 arranged. Both edge pieces 60 . 62 of the fixing element 46 have a trapezoidal shape in cross-section. Also, the respective recess V of the side walls 32 . 34 has a trapezoidal shape in cross section. Both edge pieces 60 . 62 are about a center piece 64 connected with each other. The middle piece 64 is plate-shaped and lies, as 8th and 9 it can be seen at the first end A of the cell network 12 at the cell network 12 at.

The depression V on both side walls 32 . 34 serves as a guide for each arranged in the wells V edge pieces 60 . 62 of the fixing element 46 , Both edge pieces are by means of a Verspannelements (in 7 to 9 not shown) with the respective side wall 32 . 34 braced. The bracing element may be formed, for example, as a screw. Will the bracing element attracted, then the respective edge piece 60 . 62 deeper, ie opposite to the vertical direction z, pulled into the depression V. This will be the centerpiece 64 , The more the tensioning element is tightened and the respective edge piece 60 . 62 against the high direction z moves, more strongly to the first end A of the cell network 12 pressed. In other words, the fixing element 46 with the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 of the battery module 10 coupled via the Verspannelement such that by means of the Verspannelements the the battery cells 14 against each other pressing force is adjustable.

In 10 is a module arrangement 68 with three battery modules 10 shown, which are identical. Furthermore, a flow guide of the cooling medium is shown schematically, which is the battery modules 10 cools when flowing through.

In this embodiment, all three battery modules 10 over a main channel 70 supplied with the cooling medium. To the respective battery modules 10 leads from the main channel 70 one supply channel each 72 , The supply channel 72 directs the cooling medium through the coolant inlet 36 of the respective battery module 10 in the distribution channel 44 of the respective battery module 10 , In the middle battery module 10 the module arrangement 68 is indicated schematically by the two arrows, as the cooling medium from the distribution channel 44 through the respective cooling channel 20 the carrying device 16 flows. After that it passes over the openings 40 in the collection channel 76 of the respective battery module 10 towards a discharge channel 74 which forwards the cooling medium, for example, to a heat exchanger.

Through this channel constellation - main channel 70 , Supply channel 72 , Distribution channel 44 , Cooling channel 20 , Collecting channel 76 and drainage channel 74 - will each of the three battery modules 10 the module arrangement 68 with the cooling medium to about the same flow temperature flows and thus uniformly cooled. The main channel 70 and / or the supply channel 72 and / or the distribution channel 44 and / or the collection channel 76 and / or the drainage channel 74 can be designed as a tube and / or as a hose.

The following is now in synopsis of the 11 to 13 the connection of the battery cells 14 with the respective cell connector 30 as well as the configuration of the cell connector 30 be explained.

Two battery cells each 14 of the battery module 10 are in the 11 to 13 electrically connected in series. The electrical connection to the respective connection element 28 the battery cell 14 done with the help of the cell connector 30 , At the top 22 have the respective battery cells 14 two connection elements 28 , the so-called electric poles, between which there is an electrical voltage. One of the two connection elements 28 is preferred as positive pole, the other connection element 28 preferably designed as a negative pole. At least two adjacent battery cells 14 of the battery module 10 be over the cell connector 30 contacted each other and electrically connected. Will the battery cells 14 of the battery module 10 For example, connected in series, as in the 11 to 13 the case is, then the negative pole of a battery cell 14 with the positive pole of the adjacent battery cell 14 connected.

Below is on the cell connector 30 will be discussed in more detail. The cell connector 30 itself has two connection sections 78 on. In each case a connection section 78 is each with a connection element 28 (Positive pole or negative pole) of the battery cells 14 connected. In this case, the cell connector couples 30 two battery cells 14 electrically, by the negative pole of a battery cell 14 with the plus pole of the battery cell adjacent in the extension direction x 14 is electrically coupled. Furthermore, the cell connector 30 a connection section 80 on which the two connection sections 78 combines. In addition, the connecting portion extends 80 partially along the side surface parallel to the extension direction x 24 the two battery cells 14 ,

The two connection sections 78 and the connecting section 80 of the cell connector 30 are plate-shaped and flat. Thus, the connection sections are 78 flat on the respective connection element 28 on. By flat is meant here that the width is greater than the thickness of the terminal sections 78 and the connection section 80 , In other words, lies the broad side of the respective terminal sections 78 on the connection element 28 on. Further, the respective terminal portions 78 of the cell connector 30 to one side of the cell network 12 perpendicular to the extension direction x, ie in the width direction y, out. The connecting section 80 of the cell connector 30 extends parallel to the extension direction x between the respective connection sections 78 , wherein a broad side of the connecting portion 80 along the side surface 24 the battery cell 14 runs. The connecting section 80 thus runs parallel to the side surface 24 the battery cell 14 ,

As 12 shows is the connection section 80 exemplified curved in a U-shape and a portion of the connecting portion 80 is in the first sidewall 32 sunk. The connecting section 80 may also have a different curvature, for example a V-shape. Furthermore, the cell connector 30 at the transition of the connection section 78 to the connection section 80 in particular have a right-angled bend. In other words, the cell connector 30 in a transition region from the respective connection section 78 to the connection section 80 be angled. The first side wall sees this 32 as already in 4 indicated the reception area 42 ago, which is in particular designed as a bag. In the reception area 42 is the connecting section 80 of the cell connector 30 at least partially included. Further, in the receiving area 42 an insulation 82 arranged. The insulation 82 isolates the connection section 80 of the cell connector 30 in the recording area 42 opposite the first side wall 32 electric. What the first sidewall 32 in conjunction with the cell connector 30 has been described, preferably also applies analogously to the second side wall 34 ,

Alternatively to the arrangement of the cell connector 30 in the recording area 42 in one of the side walls 32 . 34 can the connection section 80 of the cell connector 30 also just on the respective side wall - first side wall 32 or second side wall 34 - concern, like this 14 evident.

In synopsis of 15 to 18 will now be on the construction of a channel which is adapted to a from a battery cell 14 Be absorbed fluid to be received.

On the cell network 12 is a cover unit 54 on. The cover unit 54 is formed for example of plastic and can serve as Berührschutz. In other words, the cover unit 54 designed as a lid. For this purpose, the cover unit 54 a cover plate 57 on which on the cell composite 12 rests. To the cover plate 57 border four edge bars 55 at which side of the cell composite 12 run. The cover unit 54 can with the first sidewall 32 and the second side wall 34 coupled, in particular screwed be. These can be two of the four edge bars 55 extending in the extension direction x of the battery module 10 extend, with the first side wall 32 and the second side wall 34 be connected. In addition one of the two edge bars lies 55 on an upper side of the first side wall 32 and the second of the two sidewalks 55 on an upper side of the second side wall 34 on. Furthermore, the two edge webs 55 in the extension direction x of the battery module 10 several degassing openings 84 which are arranged in a row.

In addition to the touch protection is the cover unit 54 yet another function assigned, as this particular 18 which will be discussed in more detail below. The cover unit 54 covers the cell network 12 such that in each case between two adjacent battery cells 14 of the cell network 12 and the cover unit 54 , in particular an inner side of the cover plate 57 , which the cell composite 12 facing, at least one channel 86 is trained. This channel 86 is from one of one of the battery cells 14 permeable fluid flowing through. The cover unit 54 thus forms a wall of the channel 86 ,

Because the battery cells 14 are arranged inclined to the extension direction x, lies the top 22 a respective battery cell 14 perpendicular to an adjacent in the direction of extension x side wall of an adjacent battery cell 14 , Through the cover unit 54 and the cell array has the channel 86 a prismatic shape, in particular a triangular shape in cross section. In the extension direction x, the battery module 10 each between two adjacent battery cells 14 such a channel 86 on. The majority of such channels 86 goes from the cross-sectional view in 17 out. To the channel 86 To distinguish it from its surroundings, is between at least two battery cells 14 between which the channel 86 is formed, and the cover unit 54 one seal each 88 at each edge of the respective battery cell 14 arranged. The edge of the respective battery cell 14 , which the cover unit 54 facing, forms the highest point of the cell network 12 in the height direction z of the battery module 10 , The seal 88 extends in the width direction y over the entire width of the respective battery cell 14 , The channel 86 is also on the vent 84 with a fluid collection channel (not shown in figures) coupled. The fluid collection channel may be formed, for example, as a hose or pipe. Through the fluid collection channel can from the battery cells 14 leaking gas channeled and away from ignition-carrying parts, ie parts which can ignite the gas, for example by sparking, are guided in an outside area of the motor vehicle.

In 17 is a side view of the battery module 10 shown. In it you can see clearly how between adjacent battery cells 14 the respective channel 86 is trained.

In 19 is the module arrangement 68 with the three battery modules 10 shown. The three battery modules 10 are each of a frame 90 edged. The frame 90 is also with the cover unit 54 of the respective battery module 10 the module arrangement 68 coupled. The frame 90 itself can be formed as a hollow body. Through the hollow body, the fluid collection channel already described above may be formed, which fluidly with the at least one channel 86 over the degassing opening 84 of the respective battery module 10 is coupled. The frame 90 but may also include the fluid collection channel. In other words, the fluid collection channel can be arranged in the hollow body.

Overall, this results in the present case by a special arrangement of battery cells 14 a battery module 10 a minimization of the space requirement in battery systems, in particular high-voltage battery systems.

Claims (11)

Battery module ( 10 ) for a motor vehicle comprising: - a cell network ( 12 ) with a plurality of battery cells ( 14 ), the battery cells ( 14 ) at a predetermined angle (α) inclined to an extension direction (x) of the battery module ( 10 ) in the direction of extension ( 10 ) are arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the battery module ( 10 ) a carrying device ( 16 ), characterized in that - the carrying device ( 16 ) in the extension direction (x) a plurality of adjoining receiving profiles ( 18 ), wherein - the plurality of adjoining receiving profiles ( 18 ) in the extension direction (x) of the battery module form a sawtooth profile, wherein - in each case a receiving profile ( 18 ) a battery cell ( 14 ), wherein - the carrying device ( 16 ) at least one cooling channel ( 20 ), which can be traversed by a cooling medium. Battery module ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the receiving profiles ( 18 ) a wall of the at least one cooling channel ( 20 ). Battery module ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrying device ( 16 ) between a first to the extension direction (x) parallel side wall ( 32 ) of the battery module ( 10 ) and one of the first side wall ( 32 ), in particular parallel, opposite second side wall ( 34 ) of the battery module ( 10 ) is arranged. Battery module ( 10 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the first side wall ( 32 ) a distribution channel ( 44 ) with a coolant inlet ( 36 ), which with the at least one cooling channel ( 20 ) of the carrying device ( 16 ) is fluidically coupled and / or the second side wall ( 34 ) a collecting channel ( 76 ) with a coolant outlet ( 38 ), wherein the collecting channel ( 78 ) fluidically with the at least one cooling channel ( 20 ) of the carrying device ( 16 ) is coupled. Battery module ( 10 ) according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the first ( 32 ) and / or the second side wall ( 34 ) has a further cooling channel, which is designed to one, in particular at the first ( 32 ) and / or second side wall ( 34 ), cell connectors ( 30 ) of the cell network ( 12 ) to cool. Battery module ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at a first end (A) of the cell assembly ( 12 ) a fixing element ( 46 ), in particular a wedge, which is arranged in the extension direction (x) of the battery module ( 10 ) one the battery cells ( 14 ) presses against each other. Battery module ( 10 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the fixing element ( 46 ) with the carrying device and / or with the first side wall ( 32 ) and / or the second side wall ( 34 ) of the battery module ( 10 ) via a bracing element ( 58 ) is coupled in such a way that by means of the Verspannelements ( 58 ) the battery cells ( 14 ) is adjustable against each other pressing force. Battery module ( 10 ) according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that at one of the first end (A) in the extension direction (x) opposite the second end (B) of the cell assembly ( 12 ) a support element ( 48 ), which forms an abutment. Module arrangement ( 68 ) with at least two battery modules ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8. Module arrangement ( 68 ) according to claim 9, characterized in that the module arrangement ( 68 ) a main channel ( 70 ) for distributing a cooling medium to at least two supply channels ( 72 ), each of which has a battery module ( 10 ) supply with the cooling medium. Motor vehicle with a battery module ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and / or a module arrangement ( 68 ) according to claim 9 or 10.

Images