DE102015212707B4 - Solar thermal device and method of operating a solar thermal device - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar thermal device (100), comprising: - a collector device (104) for heating a heat transfer medium using solar radiation, - a supply device (114) for supplying the heat transfer medium to be heated to the collector device (104), - a control device (122) for controlling and Controlling a mass flow of the heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device (104), characterized in that the supply device (114) comprises a main supply device (116) and one or more secondary supply devices (118), the main supply device (116) supplying a main mass flow of the heat transfer medium to be heated to a beginning of a heater section (110) of the collector device (104), wherein the one or more Nebenzuführvorrichtungen (118) the supply of one or more secondary mass flows of the heat transfer medium to be heated between two or more Erhitzerteilstreck (120) and / or at the end of the heater section (110), wherein the solar thermal device (100) comprises a storage device for storing an at least partially measured previous time course of radiation, wherein the control device (122) is designed and set up such that the mass flow the heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device (104) can be controlled and / or regulated as a function of the stored temporal radiation profile andthat the main mass flow is dependent on a stored, determined and / or calculated time course of the solar radiation which is obtainable in a completely cloudless sky, can be controlled and / or regulated, wherein by means of the main mass flow, a forward-looking pilot control of the solar thermal device is provided such that a mass flow of the collector device total supplied heat transfer medium to a temporal maximum S the course of the solar radiation is adapted.

Description

The present invention relates to a solar thermal device which is used, for example, in a solar power plant and for generating electricity using solar radiation.

Solar thermal devices are dependent on the concept of solar radiation (solar radiation). Consequently, a varying degree of cloudiness can affect the operation of a solar thermal device. In particular, a solar radiation that is different due to varying cloudiness can lead to the solar thermal device being subjected to strong temperature fluctuations and being damaged as a result.

For example, in the case of direct-evaporation solar thermal devices, a control can be provided such that a mass flow of a heat transfer medium is varied in order to adapt to a varying intensity of the solar radiation. For example, in the case of a cloud passage and a resulting shading of the collector device of the solar thermal device, the mass flow of the heat transfer medium can be reduced in order to keep a desired outlet temperature of the heat transfer medium as constant as possible. However, after cloud passage has taken place and thus when the maximum radiation intensity is restored, this can lead to a too small amount of heat transfer medium being present in the collector device, which may ultimately result in severe overheating of the collector device.

Solarthermievorrichtungen with direct evaporation of a heat transfer medium are for example from the US 2013/0 092 153 A1 and the DE 10 2009 013 254 B4 while known from the EP 2 645 135 A1 and the JP 2014-11 345 A Methods are known which can be used to calculate the cloud image and thus to calculate the radiation intensity.

In particular, when the sunlight is at a relatively shallow angle, for example, in the morning or evening of each day, the calculation of the solar radiation, however, can be very complex or prone to error.

The present invention has for its object to provide a solar thermal device, which is safe and efficient operable.

• eine Kollektorvorrichtung zum Erhitzen eines Wärmeträgermediums unter Verwendung von Solarstrahlung;
• eine Zuführvorrichtung zur Zuführung des zu erhitzenden Wärmeträgermediums zu der Kollektorvorrichtung;
• eine Steuervorrichtung zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung eines Massenstroms des der Kollektorvorrichtung zugeführten oder zuzuführenden Wärmeträgermediums,
• wobei die Zuführvorrichtung eine Hauptzuführvorrichtung und/oder eine oder mehrere Nebenzuführvorrichtungen umfasst, wobei die Hauptzuführvorrichtung der Zuführung eines Hauptmassenstroms des zu erhitzenden Wärmeträgermediums zu einem Anfang einer Erhitzerstrecke der Kollektorvorrichtung dient und wobei die eine oder die mehreren Nebenzuführvorrichtungen der Zuführung eines oder mehrerer Nebenmassenströme des zu erhitzenden Wärmeträgermediums zwischen zwei oder mehr Erhitzerteilstrecken und/oder am Ende der Erhitzerstrecke dienen,
• wobei die Steuervorrichtung so ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, dass der Hauptmassenstrom in Abhängigkeit von einem gespeicherten, ermittelten und/oder berechneten zeitlichen Strahlungsverlauf der Solarstrahlung steuerbar und/oder regelbar ist.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the solar thermal device comprises:

• a collector device for heating a heat transfer medium using solar radiation;
• a supply device for supplying the heat transfer medium to be heated to the collector device;
• a control device for controlling and / or regulating a mass flow of the heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device,
• wherein the supply device comprises a main supply device and / or one or more secondary supply devices, the main supply device supplying a main mass flow of the heat transfer medium to be heated to a beginning of a heater section of the collector device, and wherein the one or more secondary supply devices supply one or more secondary mass flows of the to be heated Serve heat transfer medium between two or more Heizitzerteilstrecken and / or at the end of the Erhitzerstrecke,
• wherein the control device is designed and set up such that the main mass flow can be controlled and / or regulated as a function of a stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course of the solar radiation.

Thus, according to the invention, in particular, it is not easy to vary a total mass flow of the heat transfer medium as a function of a measured or calculated radiation intensity. Rather, a subdivision of the total mass flow into a main mass flow and one or more secondary mass flows is provided, wherein in particular the main mass flow is controlled and / or regulated as a function of a temporal radiation course.

The main mass flow is preferably at least about 70%, for example at least about 75%, in particular about 85%, of the total heat transfer medium supplied to the collector device.

It may be favorable if the control device is designed and set up in such a way that the main mass flow can be controlled and / or regulated as a function of a stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course of the solar radiation, such that the one or more secondary mass flows are essentially temporally are constant.

In particular, a control and / or regulation takes place such that one or the several secondary mass flows are constant over time in constant weather conditions.

By means of the one or more secondary mass flows, therefore, a fluctuation of the radiation intensity which results from a varying clouding is preferably compensable.

By contrast, a pilot control of the solar thermal device is preferably provided by means of the main mass flow in such a way that a mass flow of the heat transfer medium supplied in total to the collector device is adapted to a temporal maximum radiation course of the solar radiation.

The stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course, as a function of which the main mass flow is controlled and / or regulated, is in particular a radiation course which is obtainable with a completely cloudless sky.

As an alternative or in addition to the features mentioned above, it can be provided that the solar thermal device comprises a storage device for storing an at least partially measured previous time course of radiation and that the control device is designed and set up in such a way that the mass flow of the heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device depends on the stored temporal radiation course is controllable and / or regulated.

It may be favorable if the at least partially measured previous time course of radiation is a radiation course from the previous day or another day, in particular of at most one week, at the location of the solar thermal device.

The at least partially measured previous temporal radiation profile is in particular a preferably convex envelope of at least partially measured radiation values in the case of an uncovered sky (cloudless sky).

In this description and the appended claims, a radiation course is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a time profile of the radiation intensity, wherein in particular that radiation which is usable for heating the heat transfer medium is considerable.

It may be advantageous if the solar thermal device comprises a measuring device for detecting radiation values, wherein by means of the measuring device preferably a radiation profile, in particular a temporal radiation curve, can be determined over a single day.

Preferably, an envelope of the radiation profile can then be calculated and stored as at least partially previously measured temporal radiation profile for the next day.

The collector device preferably comprises a line-focusing collector device, which in particular comprises a media line lying in a linear focus.

The heat transfer medium is preferably for passing through the media line for heating.

It may be favorable if the main mass flow of the heat transfer medium can be guided from one beginning of the media line to one end thereof, while the one or more secondary mass flows preferably only flow through the medium line in sections.

The collector device preferably comprises a plurality of heater sub-sections, which can be fed to one another different secondary mass flows of the heat transfer medium.

The heater sections are preferably arranged consecutively.

In this case, provision is made in particular for a first heater section to be traversed only by the main mass flow. A further heating partial section following in the flow direction is preferably flowed through by the main mass flow and a first secondary mass flow. A further heating partial section following in the flow direction is then preferably flowed through by the main mass flow, the auxiliary mass flow already supplied beforehand and a further secondary mass flow.

Supplying one another of different secondary mass flows of the heat transfer medium to the different heater subsections is thus to be understood as meaning preferably only the initial supply to the entire heater section. A partial discharge of a (secondary) mass flow from the Erhitzerstrecke is preferably not provided.

The solar radiation is preferably directable by means of the collector device to the heat transfer medium and / or to a heat carrier in thermal contact with the heat transfer medium in contact (focusable).

The collector device is in particular a concentration device for concentrating solar radiation on the media line.

The solar thermal device is particularly suitable for direct evaporation of heat transfer medium.

Preferably, the heater section comprises a preheat area, an evaporation area and an overheating area. The named regions preferably each comprise at least one or more heater sub-sections.

The collector device preferably comprises parabolic troughs for concentrating the solar radiation.

By means of the control device according to the invention, the solar thermal device can preferably be controlled such that unwanted defocusing of the collector device to avoid overheating is avoidable.

The present invention further relates to a method for operating a solar thermal device, in particular a solar thermal device according to the invention.

The invention is in this respect the task of providing a method by which a solar thermal device is easy and safe to operate.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a method which comprises:

Controlling and / or regulating a main mass flow of a heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to a collector device of the solar thermal device as a function of a stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course of the solar radiation.

The method according to the invention preferably has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the solar thermal device according to the invention.

It may be favorable if the main mass flow is controlled and / or regulated as a function of a stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course of the solar radiation such that one or more secondary mass flows of the heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device of the solar thermal device are substantially constant over time ,

The control of the main mass flow is in particular a pilot control of the solar thermal device.

The temporal radiation profile can, for example, in the form of a characteristic, z. B. on the basis of a steady energy balance.

The temporal radiation profile can be determined, for example, from different values or taking into account different values, in particular measured or calculated. For example, direct normal radiation and / or a so-called "Incident Angle Modifier" can be used to determine the temporal course of the radiation.

It may be favorable if an effective irradiation (I _EFF ) is calculated from the direct normal radiation and the Incidence Angle Modifier.

The temporal course of radiation, in particular the characteristic curve, is preferably manipulated in such a way that a work area of one or more heater sub-sections through which one or more secondary mass flows flow. For example, it may be provided that under nominal conditions, in particular a cloudless sky, a large proportion of the total mass flow of the heat transfer medium is supplied via one or more secondary mass flows. As a result, a large part of any disturbances or fluctuations that may occur can be compensated.

In a cloud passage, however, preferably not the temperature is used as a control variable for the main mass flow. In particular, effective irradiation is not used to reduce the characteristic. Instead, the main mass flow is increased, as a result of which, in particular, a relatively low mass flow is passed through a partial heating section through which no secondary mass flows flow, in order to ensure a buffer in the event of vanishing clouds. However, an increase in the main mass flow is preferably only to the extent that by means of the secondary mass flows there is still a margin for variation, in particular for the reduction of the supplied mass flow. Preferably, this can reduce disequilibria (large temperature fluctuations) across the heater section.

Preferably, not the absolute value of the effective irradiation is used for varying the main mass flow, but rather, for example, a ratio between the actual effective irradiation and an ideally expected irradiation in a clear sky. This expected effective radiation can be calculated, for example, from the so-called "Clear Sky Model". This type of feedforward can be particularly relevant, as it varies even over a day, even with clear (cloudless) sky Values for the effective irradiation occur. However, this should preferably result in no effects on the working range of the collector device in the range of heated by one or more secondary mass flow heater sections.

For example, a maximum expected irradiation can be calculated in a complicated manner and taking into account a variety of atmospheric conditions by means of a Clear Sky model.

Preferably, a control and / or regulation of the main mass flow is provided on the basis of an advantageously convex envelope of the direct normal radiation on the previous day, in particular if the atmospheric conditions have not or only insignificantly changed compared to the previous day. For this purpose, preferably only simple calculations without knowledge of further model parameters are necessary, so that the use is simplified under real conditions.

The envelope of the direct normal radiation can, for example, be determined, in particular scaled, using measured values, in particular measured values of the direct normal radiation, and / or using estimates of the cloud situation.

For example, in the evening of each day results in a greatly reduced radiation. In particular, the radiation intensity decreases continuously and partly in a short period of time. If a pilot control of the solar thermal device is designed only for a current signal of a measuring device for measuring the effective irradiation, an undesirably low outlet temperature of the collector device can result, in particular with high throughput times. By taking into account the ideal course (temporal course of radiation) of the solar radiation, the main mass flow can preferably be adjusted in a forward-looking manner, so that a longer operation of the solar thermal device is also possible in the evening and preferably a buffer exists in the case of cloud passages.

A prediction factor for the ideal course of radiation (time course of radiation) is preferably dependent on the operating point; for example, the prediction factor is a mean over the transit time taking into account a current mass flow.

It may be favorable if a time-filtered signal of a measuring device, in particular for measuring the effective irradiation, is used to control the solar thermal device. Preferably, a temporal filter over a few seconds is used to suppress measurement noise.

A fast filter, that is to say a filter with a low time averaging, can preferably be used if a large and / or dense cloud front is raised, as this can cause a sudden reduction in irradiation and the mass flow therefore has to be adapted quickly. In the case of rather thinner, openwork clouds, on the other hand, the radiation can fluctuate greatly, so that a slow filter can provide a constant main mass flow, whereby especially occurring temperature fluctuations or disturbances can be compensated (corrected) exclusively by variation of the one or more secondary mass flows. This can result in particular a stable operation of the solar thermal device.

For example, using cloud cameras and / or manual inputs of people, the choice of filter may be preferentially adjusted.

In the method according to the invention, as an alternative or in addition to the above-mentioned features, it can be provided that the mass flow of the heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device is controlled and / or regulated as a function of an at least partially measured previous time radiation course.

It can be provided that the at least partially measured previous temporal radiation course is a radiation course from the previous day at the location of the solar thermal device.

In particular, it can be provided that a radiation course over a day is determined by means of a measuring device of the solar thermal device.

It can be advantageous if an envelope is formed over a course of the measured radiation values of one day and this envelope forms the temporally radiation course, measured at least partially in advance, for the next day.

The solar thermal device according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention.

The present invention therefore also relates to the use of a solar thermal device, in particular a solar thermal device according to the invention, for carrying out the method according to the invention.

In particular, the solar thermal device is preferably usable for providing heated or superheated steam in a direct evaporation power plant.

The heat transfer medium is then in particular water in order to provide heated or superheated steam can.

The pre-control described is preferably useful in all solar thermal devices of solar thermal power plants. In particular, an advantageous use in line-focusing power plants with direct evaporation is conceivable.

In the so-called once-through concept, the ingress mass flow (main mass flow) is preferably manipulated using the Clear Sky model.

In the so-called recirculation concept, this model can preferably be used to avoid short-term overheating events in an evaporator zone of the heater section. The mass flow of the heat transfer medium in the evaporator region is preferably chosen so that the desired nominal vapor content at the outlet in clear sky is achieved. Furthermore, it can be provided that the mass flow through feedwater (freshly supplied water) and recirculation water is adjusted together (controlled and / or regulated) in order to ensure safe operation even with transient cloud passages. In particular, in the evaporator area this eventual overheating events can be avoided.

A secondary mass flow is preferably introduced by means of an injection device in the media line.

For supplying a plurality of secondary mass flows, a plurality of injection devices are thus preferably provided.

An injection device is in particular a secondary supply device.

The solar thermal device preferably comprises a plurality of collector strands arranged parallel to one another, each of which forms independently operated heater stretches.

The heater sections can be flowed through in particular parallel to one another with heat transfer medium.

Further preferred features and / or advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of exemplary embodiments.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Kraftwerks, welches eine Solarthermievorrichtung umfasst;
• 2 einen zeitlichen Strahlungsverlauf zwischen 13.00 Uhr und 15.30 Uhr eines beispielhaften Tages sowie eine Einhüllende des zeitlichen Strahlungsverlaufs;
• 3 einen zeitlichen Verlauf der Austrittstemperatur der Kollektorvorrichtung;
• 4 einen zeitlichen Verlauf der Temperatur des Wärmeträgermediums zwischen zwei Erhitzerteilstrecken der Kollektorvorrichtung;
• 5 einen zeitlichen Verlauf eines durch die Kollektorvorrichtung hindurchgeführten Hauptmassenstroms;
• 6 einen zeitlichen Verlauf eines ersten Nebenmassenstroms;
• 7 einen zeitlichen Verlauf eines zweiten Nebenmassenstroms;
• 8 einen zeitlichen Strahlungsverlauf zwischen 7.00 Uhr und 21.00 Uhr, wobei einerseits eine Direktnormalstrahlung (DNI) und andererseits eine effektive Einstrahlung (I_EFF) dargestellt sind;
• 9 einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Hauptmassenstroms; und
• 10 einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Nebenmassenstroms.

In the drawings show:

• 1 a schematic representation of a power plant, which comprises a solar thermal device;
• 2 a temporal radiation course between 1:00 pm and 3:30 pm of an exemplary day as well as an envelope of the temporal radiation course;
• 3 a time profile of the outlet temperature of the collector device;
• 4 a time profile of the temperature of the heat transfer medium between two heater sections of the collector device;
• 5 a time course of a guided through the collector device main mass flow;
• 6 a time course of a first secondary mass flow;
• 7 a time course of a second secondary mass flow;
• 8th a temporal radiation course between 7.00 o'clock and 21.00 o'clock, whereby on the one hand a direct normal radiation (DNI) and on the other hand an effective irradiation (I _EFF ) are represented;
• 9 a time course of the main mass flow; and
• 10 a time course of the secondary mass flow.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

An in 1 shown first embodiment of a designated as a whole with 100 solar thermal device takes place, for example, in a solar thermal power plant 102 Application and serves the production of heated or superheated steam using solar radiation (solar radiation).

The solar thermal device 100 includes a collector device 104 , which has several solar collectors 106 , For example, parabolic troughs, for focusing solar radiation on a media line 108 includes.

The collector device 104 covers several heater sections 110 , along which a heat transfer medium in a flow direction 112 through the collector device 104 can be passed.

The solar thermal device 100 includes a feeder 114 for supplying heat transfer medium to the collector device 104 ,

In particular, the delivery device comprises 114 a main feeder 116 and one or more sub feeder devices 118 ,

By means of the main feeder 116 is the collector device 104 a main mass flow of the heat transfer medium at one with respect to the flow direction 112 front end (beginning) of the heater ranges 110 fed.

By means of the one or more sub-feeder devices 118 is in each case a secondary mass flow of the heat transfer medium between two Erhitzerteilstrecken 120 the respective heater route 110 fed.

The control and / or regulation of the mass flows takes place by means of a control device 122 as well as by means of several valve devices 124 the solar thermal device 100 ,

For monitoring in the heater lines 110 prevailing temperatures includes the solar thermal device 100 preferably a plurality of thermometers 126, which in particular with the control device 122 and / or the valve devices 124 are coupled.

The power plant 102 includes in addition to the solar thermal device 100 preferably a steam turbine 128 , by means of which the means of the solar thermal device 100 provided steam is available for power generation.

The described solar thermal device 100 works in particular as follows:

At preferably constant solar radiation (constant intensity of the solar radiation) is the Erhitzerstrecken 110 a predetermined mass flow, in particular main mass flow and secondary mass flow, supplied, so that at one with respect to the flow direction 112 rear end of each heater stretch 110 preferably a desired outlet temperature of the heat transfer medium is obtained.

If, for example, the intensity of the solar radiation varies due to, for example, varying cloud cover or during the course of the day, the mass flow, in particular the main mass flow and / or the secondary mass flow, must be varied in order to maintain the desired temperature stability.

In particular, due to the fact that through the media line 108 guided heat transfer medium a relatively long period of time, for example about 20 minutes or 30 minutes or more needed to the entire Erhitzerstrecke 110 to go through is the solar thermal device 100 relatively sluggish in terms of their control. A strongly varying radiation intensity, for example due to individual cloud passages, is therefore accompanied by strong temperature fluctuations of the heat transfer medium. In particular, this results in greatly varying outlet temperatures at the end of the heater sections 110 ,

To explain the exact functioning is below to the 2 to 10 Referenced.

At this time, the sub-feeder devices become 118 also as an injector A and B designated. A temperature T ₁ indicates the temperature before the second secondary feeder 118 (Injectors B ). A temperature T ₂ refers to the exit temperature at the end of the heater section 110 ,

One in the operation of the solar thermal device 100 For example, a relatively frequent situation is a brief sharp decline in direct normal radiation (DNI) (in 2 drawn as a solid line) in comparison to the possible maximum irradiation (envelope; 2 shown in dashed lines).

If now a control and / or regulation of the solar thermal device 100 takes place by simple adaptation of the mass flows, resulting in relatively high temperature increases (in 3 shown in dashed lines). If, however, a control such that the main mass flow, which by means of Hauptzuführvorrichtung 116 is varied, depending on a weighted Vorsteuerungswert of maximum radiation intensity in cloudless sky (envelope) and real measured value is varied, resulting in significantly lower temperature fluctuations (in 3 shown by a solid line). In this case, for example, a weighting of the real measured value can be provided with 30% for determining the main mass flow.

As in particular from 5 This type of control tends to result in a comparatively higher main mass flow (in 5 shown by a solid line) as would be the case with conventional control (in 5 shown in dashed lines).

In order to enable a comparison of the two types of control, a filter time constant is preferably chosen to be the same in both cases.

Due to the preferably higher main mass flow, rapid temperature increases can preferably be alleviated. This preferably results in lower temperature gradients T ₁ , which reduces the load on the media line 108 reduced and increased according to their life.

In addition, preferably the maximum temperatures achieved are lower. An otherwise required to avoid overheating defocusing of the collector device 104 This can preferably be avoided. In the example shown, the outlet temperature T ₂ when using the advantageous control / regulation a maximum of about 415 ° C, so that a defocusing can be completely avoided or at most once short (around 14.00 clock) is necessary. In the conventional control, however, exit temperatures of 430 ° C and above are achieved, which would require more frequent defocusing.

Ultimately, by optimizing the control, an increased energy input can be achieved with less component load.

As in particular from the 8th to 10 shows, the described type of control and / or regulation for the morning and evening operation of the solar thermal device 100 advantageous, in particular in order to achieve a desired outlet temperature of the heat transfer medium even at times of low radiation intensity with suitable mass flows.

8th shows the radiation path on the one hand according to the optimal direct normal radiation (DNI) with a solid line and the effective radiation with a dashed line.

9 shows the time course of the main mass flow and 10 the time course of a secondary mass flow, wherein the solid line operation of the solar thermal device 100 with a constant secondary mass flow, while the dashed line corresponds to a shift of the working range of the secondary feeder 118 represents. In particular, only the displacement of the main mass flow according to the dashed line enables the optimized operation of the sub-feeder device 118 and thus the variation of the secondary mass flow.

By the described control can be avoided in particular in the evening that the main mass flow is lowered too slowly, whereby the exit temperature T ₂ could not be kept anymore. In addition, it would no longer be possible to respond to varying cloud cover by varying the secondary mass flow.

The described control and / or regulation can preferably be applied to all solar thermal power plants 102 transfer. This is particularly advantageous in parabolic trough collector fields. Even with Fresnel collectors, this control / regulation can be used.

As a heat transfer medium is in addition to water, in particular oil or molten salt into consideration.

In addition, use of the control and / or regulation for solar tower power plants is conceivable in order to reduce the number of defocusing events and to avoid too high flux densities on the receiver pipes.

Theoretical potential therefore basically ranges from its application in all instantaneous water heater power plants to a large proportion of all CSP power plants.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

solar thermal device

102

power plant

104

collector device

106

solar collector

108

media line

110

Erhitzerstrecke

112

flow direction

114

feeder

116

Hauptzuführvorrichtung

118

Nebenzuführvorrichtung

120

Erhitzerteilstrecke

122

control device

124

valve device

126

thermometer

128

steam turbine

A

injection

B

injection

T ₁

temperature

T ₂

temperature

Claims (13)

Solar thermal device (100), comprising: - a collector device (104) for heating a heat transfer medium using solar radiation; - A supply device (114) for supplying the heat transfer medium to be heated to the collector device (104); - a control device (122) for controlling and / or regulating a mass flow of the collector device (104) supplied or supplied heat transfer medium, characterized in that the supply device (114) comprises a main feeder (116) and one or more sub-feeder devices (118) the main supply device (116) serves to supply a main mass flow of the heat transfer medium to be heated to a beginning of a heater section (110) of the collector device (104), wherein the one or more secondary supply devices (118) supply one or more secondary mass flows of the heat transfer medium to be heated between two or more heater sections (120) and / or at the end of the heater section (110), wherein the solar thermal device (100) comprises a memory device for storing an at least partially measured previous time course of radiation, wherein the control device (122) so forth e is formed and set up that the mass flow of the collector device (104) supplied or supplied heat transfer medium is controllable and / or regulated in dependence on the stored temporal radiation course and that the main mass flow in dependence on a stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course of the solar radiation which is available in completely cloudless sky, controllable and / or regulated, wherein by means of the main mass flow a predictive feedforward of the solar thermal device is provided such that a mass flow of the collector device total supplied heat transfer medium is adapted to a temporal maximum radiation profile of the solar radiation. Solar thermal device (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the control device (122) is designed and set up such that the main mass flow can be controlled and / or regulated as a function of a stored, determined and / or calculated temporal radiation course of the solar radiation such that the one or more secondary mass flows are timed are set substantially constant or at a desired level. Solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the at least partially measured previous time course of radiation is a radiation history from the previous day or any other previous day, in particular a day before at most one week, at the location of the solar thermal device (100). Solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the at least partially measured previous temporal radiation course is a preferably convex envelope of at least partially measured radiation values in uncovered skies. Solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the solar thermal device (100) comprises a measuring device for detecting radiation values, wherein by means of the measuring device preferably a radiation course can be determined over a day. Solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the collector device (104) comprises a line-focusing collector device (104), which comprises a lying in a linear focus media line (108), and that the heat transfer medium for heating the same through the media line (108) can be passed. Solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the collector device (104) comprises a plurality of heater sub-sections (120) to which different secondary mass flows of the heat transfer medium can be fed. Method for operating a solar thermal device (100), in particular a solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the method comprises: storing an at least partially measured previous time course of radiation by means of a memory device; Controlling and / or regulating a mass flow of a heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to the collector device (104) as a function of the stored temporal radiation course; Controlling and / or regulating a main mass flow of a heat transfer medium supplied or to be supplied to a collector device (104) of the solar thermal device (100) as a function of a stored, determined and / or calculated time course of the solar radiation, which is obtainable in a completely cloudless sky, wherein by means of the main mass flow a forward-looking pilot control of the solar thermal device takes place in such a way that a mass flow of the total collector supplied to the device Heat transfer medium is adapted to a temporal maximum radiation profile of the solar radiation. Method according to Claim 8 Characterized in that the main mass flow in accordance with a stored, determined and / or calculated time radiation path of the solar radiation controlled and / or regulated in that one or more by mass flows of the collector device (104) of the solar heating apparatus (100) supplied or to be supplied to the heat transfer medium are essentially constant over time. Method according to one of Claims 8 or 9 , characterized in that the at least partially measured previous temporal radiation course is a radiation course from the previous day at the location of the solar thermal device (100). Method according to one of Claims 8 to 10 , characterized in that by means of a measuring device of the solar thermal device (100), a radiation course over a day time is determined. Method according to Claim 11 , characterized in that over a course of the measured radiation values one day an envelope is formed and that this envelope forms the at least partially previously measured temporal radiation pattern for the next day. Use of a solar thermal device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 7 to carry out a method according to one of Claims 8 to 12 in particular for providing heated or superheated steam in a direct evaporation power plant (102).

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