DE102015211917B3 - Gland housings, in particular for use in multi-screw extruders - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gland housing (110), particularly for use in multi-screw extruders (140). The gland housing (110) comprises at least one housing body (112) with at least two passage bores (114) passing through the housing body (112) and staggered relative to one another for receiving cylindrical drive shafts (136). Furthermore, the gland housing (110) comprises at least two blind bores (116) introduced into the housing body (112), one of the blind bores (116) being associated with one of the through bores (114), the blind bores (116) comprising at least one packing space (118 ) for receiving at least one package (142) each of a stuffing box (134) for sealing the respective drive shaft (136), wherein the blind holes (116) are each arranged eccentrically to the associated through holes (114). The present invention further describes a drive bushing (132) and a multi-screw extruder (140) and a method for producing a drive bushing (132).

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a stuffing box housing, in particular for use in multi-screw extruders, a drive bushing, in particular for use in multi-screw extruders, a multi-screw extruder, and a method for producing a drive bushing. Applications include, for example, in the field of sealing technology, drive technology, pumps and in the field of special purpose machines. However, other applications are conceivable in principle.

State of the art

Sealing systems, in particular stuffing box housings, are frequently used in the manufacturing and processing industry. Sealing systems are basically known from the prior art. For example, rotating shafts of multi-screw extruders are usually sealed by simple sealing rings, mechanical seals, or by packing against an extruder barrel.

In DE 10 2010 018 421 A1 a device is proposed with two at least substantially parallel, rotatable shafts with associated axes of rotation, the distance from each other is adjustable, the shafts each extending through a wall which separates a drive side of a product side, and are sealed from the wall. For improved sealing of the product side relative to the drive side takes place in such an arrangement, the seal between each shaft with adjustable axis of rotation and the wall by means of a corresponding shaft in the region of the wall surrounding seal unit, which maintains its relative position to this axis of rotation in an adjustment of the axis of rotation, wherein the sealing unit has radially inside a dynamic seal for sealing between the rotatable shaft and the sealing unit and radially outside a static sleeve seal, which is fixed radially inside the sealing unit and radially to the wall sealing and comprises an elastic sealing sleeve.

Furthermore, for example, in DD 200 079 A1 a Temperiermittelanschluss proposed for screw shafts with a particularly small distance from twin screw extruders. The object of the invention is to reduce the radial space requirement and to improve the functional reliability of the sealing of a temperature control medium connection. The invention has for its object to provide a Temperiermittelanschlusses, which has small radial dimensions by a functional combination of storage and sealing and has a radial load of the sealing elements excluding bracket. The solution of the invention provides to arrange on each screw shaft provided with a smooth continuous bearing bore connection housing and to connect it by means of a holder with a machine body disposed on the abutment form-fitting manner. On the auger shaft peripheral annular channels are arranged, which are connected on the one hand with supply and return bores in the connection housing and on the other hand with radial supply and return bores in the auger shaft. Based on the middle and outer region of the connection housing, annular grooves with sealing rings are arranged on the worm shaft for sealing purposes.

EP 2 082 862 A1 describes an extruder with a housing having at least one bore and at least one end wall closing the bore. In the front wall a concentric with the bore recess is formed. In the bore, a screw is arranged, which has a recess passing outwardly passing cylindrical bearing portion. A gland packing abuts against an abutment towards the bore and seals against the recess and bearing portion. On the bearing section is a radially against the recess radially supporting, the worm flying bearings overlapping bearings arranged. At the front wall engages a clamping device that presses the plain bearing against the stuffing box packing under radial tension of the same.

US 2002/0057626 A1 describes an upstream seal for use in helical rotors, especially mixer rotors. The seal comprises a sleeve-type visco-sleeve assembly, a sleeve-shaped metallic liner adjacent to the visco-sleeve, a sleeve-type visco-seal having first and second peripheries, and a packing container all arranged to provide an annular inner chamber to deliver. In the annular inner chamber, an oil seal packing component is received, as well as a fluid conduit disposed within the packing container, which provides a pneumatic air supply to the chamber which receives the packing component. The pneumatic air supply serves to minimize hardening of the packing assembly by minimizing leakage of particulate material into the upstream viscous seal.

However, known devices have a number of technical challenges. In particular, in a sealing of multi-screw extruders between rotating Auger shafts present a very small space. Furthermore, dynamic wave movements can be present in the radial and axial directions. A use of multi-screw extruders in explosion-proof areas may be desirable. Vibrations of the worm shafts can cause severe wear in sealing systems. This can lead in particular to leaks and short life.

Object of the invention

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a stuffing box housing, a drive bushing, a multi-screw extruder, and a method for producing a drive bushing which at least largely avoids the above-mentioned problems of known devices and methods.

Disclosure of the invention

This object is achieved by a stuffing box housing, a drive bushing, a multi-screw extruder and a method for producing a drive bushing with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments, which can be implemented individually or in any combination, are shown in the dependent claims.

Hereinafter, the terms "having", "having", "including" or "including" or any grammatical variations thereof are used in a non-exclusive manner. Accordingly, these terms may refer to situations in which, in addition to the features introduced by these terms, there are no other features or to situations in which one or more other features are present. For example, the expression "A has B", "A has B", "A includes B" or "A includes B" can both refer to the situation in which, apart from B, there is no further element in A. (ie a situation in which A consists exclusively of B), as well as the situation in which, in addition to B, one or more further elements in A are present, for example element C, elements C and D or even further elements ,

It is further to be understood that the terms "at least one" and "one or more" and grammatical variations of these terms, when used and to be used in connection with one or more elements or features, are intended to provide the element or feature in a single or multiple way can usually be used only once, for example, at the first introduction of the feature or element. In a subsequent re-mention of the feature or element, the corresponding term "at least one" or "one or more" is generally no longer used, without limiting the possibility that the feature or element may be single or multiple.

Furthermore, the terms "preferably", "in particular", "for example" or similar terms are used below in connection with optional features, without restricting alternative embodiments thereof. Thus, features introduced by these terms are optional features, and it is not intended by these features to limit the scope of the claims and, in particular, the independent claims. Thus, as those skilled in the art will recognize, the invention may be practiced using other embodiments. Similarly, features introduced by "in one embodiment of the invention" or by "in one embodiment of the invention" are to be understood as optional features without, however, being construed as limiting alternative embodiments or the scope of the independent claims. Furthermore, these introductory expressions are intended to preserve all possibilities of combining the features introduced thereby with other features, be they optional or non-optional features.

The gland housing, in particular for use in multi-screw extruders, comprises at least one housing body with at least two through holes passing through the housing body and staggered relative to each other for receiving cylindrical drive shafts. Furthermore, the stuffing box housing comprises at least two blind bores introduced into the housing body. In each case one of the blind holes is assigned to one of the through holes. The blind holes form at least one packing space for receiving in each case at least one packing of a stuffing box for sealing the respective drive shaft. The blind holes are each arranged eccentrically to the associated through holes.

Under a "stuffing box" in the context of the present invention is basically any sealing element to understand, which is used in mechanical engineering and which can seal a rotating shaft or a reciprocating rod, and which, for example, a seal an interior space to an outside space can cause, for example, against a liquid or vapor pressure. A stuffing box usually has a pack or too Stuffing box packing and a stuffing box housing, which usually includes a so-called gland flange flange-like sleeve. The packing or stuffing box packing is usually axially compressed so that it radially expands and is pressed onto the shaft, creating a seal.

In the context of the present invention, a "stuffing-box housing" is basically any housing or housing element which, as a component of a stuffing box of the stuffing box, has an outer shape which closes the stuffing box to the outside and / or protects the stuffing box from mechanical influences. In particular, the stuffing box housing should be arranged to receive the stuffing box and / or to act as part of the stuffing box.

The term "housing body" in the context of the present invention basically means an arbitrarily shaped element, which is designed to completely or at least partially enclose components and to further protect these components against external influences such as mechanical stress or moisture. The housing body may be wholly or partially formed as a hollow body. The hollow body may in principle have any desired cross-section, for example a round, an oval or a polygonal cross-section.

The housing body may in particular have a trough shape, for example in a sectional plane parallel to at least one longitudinal extension axis or at least one drive shaft received in one of the through bores. Other embodiments are conceivable in principle. In the context of the present invention, the term "longitudinal extension axis" basically denotes a direction in which the drive shafts expand. In particular, the housing body can extend transversely, preferably vertically, along the longitudinal extension axis. The housing body may be made of a metal, for example stainless steel. Other materials are in principle alternatively or additionally conceivable, for example ceramic materials and / or plastic materials.

The terms "blind hole" and "through hole" in the context of the present invention basically a recess and / or a breakthrough of the housing body. The passage holes and / or the blind holes can completely penetrate the housing body. The passage bores and / or the blind bores may in particular be cylindrical bores. The passage bores and / or the blind bores can be produced in particular by means of a boring machine, a lathe or a milling machine. Other production techniques are conceivable in principle. For example, exactly two blind holes and exactly two through holes may be provided. The through bores and the blind bores can in particular be arranged parallel to one another.

The blind holes can each have a greater distance in pairs than the assigned through holes. In particular, two of the blind holes may have a distance d1 from each other. The through holes associated with these blind bores may have a distance d2 from one another. The ratio ε = d1 / d2 can define an eccentricity factor ε. The eccentricity factor can be ε ≥ 1.1, preferably ε ≥ 1.2 and more preferably ε ≥ 1.4. The eccentricity factor ε may in particular have a value of 1.1 to 2.5, preferably a value of 1.2 to 1.7 and particularly preferably a value of 1.5. Other values are also conceivable.

The blind bore may be configured such that it does not overlap in a sectional plane perpendicular to at least one longitudinal axis of at least one of the drive shafts. Between at least two of the blind bores a web can remain, preferably between all possible pairs of blind bores. The term "web" in the context of the present invention basically denotes any volume which extends along the longitudinal axis. In particular, the web can have a width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably a width of at least 0.1 mm and particularly preferably a width of at least 1.0 mm. The term "width" basically denotes an extension of the web between the at least two of the blind bores in a sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of extension.

The term "packing space" in the context of the present invention basically designates a volume within the housing body which is arranged to be at least partially filled with a material. Per one blind hole, a packing space can be formed in each case. However, it is also possible for a plurality of blind bores to overlap and to form at least one common packing space. In the latter case, the bridge between the overlapping blind holes can be omitted.

In each case, one of the blind bores can be arranged in such a way to its assigned through-hole, that the blind bore and the through-hole are offset in an axial direction along a longitudinal axis of a drive shaft penetrating the through-hole. One of each Blind holes can directly adjoin the respective assigned through hole. The blind holes can be assigned to an outside of the housing body. The through holes may be assigned to an inside of the case body.

Furthermore, a drive implementation, in particular for use in multi-screw extruders, is proposed in the context of the present invention. The drive bushing comprises at least one stuffing box housing according to one of the embodiments which have already been described above or will be described below. The drive bushing may, for example, comprise at least one stuffing box. The stuffing box may be part of the stuffing box. Furthermore, the drive bushing comprises at least two drive shafts penetrating the stuffing box housing. The drive shafts are rotatably mounted in the through holes.

The term "drive shaft" referred to in the context of the present invention, in principle, any element which may be at least partially configured as a cylindrical shaft and which is adapted to ensure a force transfer or torque transfer between a gear and driven screws. The drive shafts may in particular have an elongated shape. The drive shafts can furthermore have a preferably round cross section. Furthermore, the drive shafts may preferably be made of a metal. Other materials are conceivable in principle.

The blind holes can each form packing spaces around the drive shafts. The packing rooms can at least partially be filled with packs. The packs may each comprise at least one fiber composite system. In particular, the fiber composite system may be an aramid fiber composite system. The packages may be at least partially designed as a paste. The paste may comprise, for example, a polytetrafluoroethylene paste or, for example, a titanium dioxide paste, or for example a mixture of both pastes. Other pastes can also be used. The aramid fiber composite system may comprise, for example, the polytetrafluoroethyleneone paste and 3% to 5% titanium oxide. Other materials are also conceivable.

The drive bushing may further comprise at least one pair of spectacles. In the context of the present invention, the term "spectacles" basically denotes any component which has at least two eyeglass bores for the passage of the drive shafts. For example, the glasses, also referred to as Stopfbuchsbrille, be designed flange and flanged to the stuffing box or be connected in other ways with other components of the stuffing box. The spectacles may in particular have a disc shape and have at least two eyeglass bores, for example corresponding to the number of drive shafts. The eyeglass holes can completely penetrate the glasses. In particular, the eyeglass bores may have a round cross section. Other embodiments are conceivable in principle. The glasses may for example be made of a metallic material, such as stainless steel. Other materials are alternatively or additionally conceivable in principle, for example ceramic materials and / or plastic materials. In particular, the glasses can cover the blind bores on an outer side of the stuffing box housing.

The drive shafts can be guided through the eyeglass holes. The eyeglass holes can be sealed from the glasses by seals. The term "seals" in the context of the present invention basically means an arbitrarily shaped element, which is set up to seal the eyeglass bores and / or the through-holes with respect to the eyeglasses and / or with respect to the drive shafts and / or with respect to other components. In particular, the eyeglass bores can be sealed off from the groove by labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals. In the context of the present invention, the terms "labyrinth seal" and "lamellar seal" fundamentally refer to contactless shaft seals in which a seal is based on fluidic effects due to an extension of a gap to be sealed and an increase in a flow resistance. In particular, the extension of the gap to be sealed may include a denting and / or toothing of molded elements. Furthermore, the eyeglass bores can be sealed relative to the spectacles by lamellar rings containing lamellar seals and particularly preferably by lamellar seals which have lamellar rings of varying size.

The glasses can furthermore be positively and / or non-positively connected to the housing body, in particular screwed. At least one sealing washer may be provided between the glasses and the housing body. The term "sealing disc" basically refers to any component with a disc shape and at least one bore, which completely penetrates the sealing disc. The sealing disc may in particular have a round cross-section. Preferably, it may be a clamped between the housing body and the glasses held seal.

The through-holes can be sealed off from the drive shafts by labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals, in particular by lamellar rings containing lamellar seals and particularly preferably by lamellar seals which have lamellar rings of varying size. The labyrinth seals can be connected by a housing-side glasses with the housing body.

The drive bushing may further comprise at least one temperature sensor. In the context of the present invention, the term "temperature sensor" basically denotes any element which is set up in order to detect a value of a temperature, in particular an absolute temperature or a temperature difference. In particular, the temperature sensor may be an electronic and / or electrical component which is set up to supply an electronic signal as a measure of the temperature. The temperature sensor may have at least one arranged on the outside of the drive bushing connection. Furthermore, the temperature sensor may in particular have an elongated shape. The temperature sensor can at least partially penetrate the drive bushing.

The drive bushing may further comprise at least one control device. The control device may in particular be designed to monitor at least one temperature of the drive implementation by means of the at least one temperature sensor. The control device can in particular be wholly or partly designed as a controller, for example, to regulate or at least influence at least one operating parameter corresponding to the detected temperature, for example a rotational speed of the drive shafts. Alternatively or additionally, for example, a cooling can be influenced.

Furthermore, a multi-screw extruder is proposed in the context of the present invention. Under a "multi-screw extruder" in the context of the present invention is basically any extruder to understand, which has two or more extruder screws. The multi-screw extruder thus comprises at least two extruder screws and furthermore at least one drive bushing, as in one of the embodiments already described above or described below. The extruder screws can be driven by the drive shafts, for example, by being directly connected to the drive shafts or formed as an extension of the drive shafts.

In the context of the present invention, the term "extruder screws" basically denotes any element which is set up in order to feed and / or convey and / or melt and / or degas any plastics and / or metals and / or further hardenable materials and / or or to homogenize. The term "curable" basically refers to a property of a material that a change in the mechanical resistance of the material can be obtained by a targeted modification and / or transformation of a microstructure of the material. Furthermore, the extruder screw can be set up to build up a pressure. The extruder screw may in particular be applied to the drive shaft. The extruder screw may in particular be made of a metal. Other materials are also conceivable.

Furthermore, a method for producing a drive implementation, as according to one of the embodiments already described above or described below, is proposed. The method may include the method steps described below. The method steps can be carried out, for example, in the predetermined order. However, another order is also conceivable. Furthermore, one or more method steps can be performed simultaneously or temporally overlapping. Furthermore, one, several or all of the method steps can be carried out simply or repeatedly. The method may additionally comprise further method steps.

• a) Bereitstellen des Gehäusekörpers;
• b) Einführen der Antriebswellen in die Durchgangsbohrungen;
• c) Einbringen von Packungen in die Blindbohrungen, so dass die Packungen jeweils einen die Antriebswellen teilweise umschließenden Packungsraum zumindest teilweise ausfüllen; und
• d) Andrehen der Antriebswellen, wobei die Packungen homogen in den jeweiligen Packungsräumen verteilt werden.

The process for producing a drive implementation comprises the following steps:

• a) providing the housing body;
• b) inserting the drive shafts in the through holes;
• c) introducing packings into the blind bores, so that the packs at least partially fill a packing space partially enclosing the drive shafts; and
• d) Turning the drive shafts, wherein the packages are distributed homogeneously in the respective packing spaces.

• e) Nachfüllen mindestens einer der Packungen über mindestens eine Einspritzbohrung.

The method may further comprise the following step:

• e) refilling at least one of the packs via at least one injection bore.

In summary, the following embodiments are particularly preferred in the context of the present invention:

Embodiment 1:

Stuffing box housing, in particular for use in multiple screw extruders, comprising at least one housing body with at least two through holes penetrating the housing body and accommodating cylindrical drive shafts, further comprising at least two blind bores inserted into the housing body, one of the blind bores being associated with one of the through bores, wherein the blind bores form at least one packing space for receiving in each case at least one packing of a stuffing box for sealing the respective drive shaft, wherein the blind bores are each arranged eccentrically to the assigned through-bores.

Embodiment 2:

Stuffing box according to the previous embodiment, wherein the blind holes each have a greater distance in pairs than the associated through holes.

Embodiment 3:

A stuffing box according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein two of the blind bores have a distance d1 from each other, wherein the through holes associated with these blind bores have a distance d2 from each other, wherein the ratio ε = d1 / d2 defines an eccentricity factor, where ε ≥ 1.1, preferably ε ≥ 1.2 and particularly preferably ε ≥ 1.4.

Embodiment 4:

Stuffing box housing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein ε has a value of 1.1 to 2.5, preferably a value of 1.2 to 1.7 and particularly preferably a value of 1.5.

Embodiment 5:

Stuffing box housing according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the blind holes are configured such that they do not overlap in a sectional plane perpendicular to at least one longitudinal axis of at least one of the drive shafts.

Embodiment 6:

A stuffing box according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a web remains between at least two of the blind bores, preferably between all possible pairs of blind bores.

Embodiment 7:

Stuffing box housing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the web has a width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably a width of at least 0.8 mm and more preferably a width of at least 1.0 mm.

Embodiment 8:

A stuffing box housing according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein each one of the blind holes is arranged to its associated through hole such that the blind bore and the through hole are offset from each other in an axial direction along a longitudinal axis of a drive shaft penetrating the through hole.

Embodiment 9:

Stuffing box according to the previous embodiment, wherein each one of the blind holes directly adjacent to the respective associated through hole.

Embodiment 10:

A stuffing box according to one of the two preceding embodiments, wherein the blind holes assign to an outer side of the stuffing box, the through holes assigning an inside of the stuffing box.

Embodiment 11:

A stuffing box according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the through holes and the blind holes are cylindrical holes.

Embodiment 12:

A stuffing box according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the through holes and the blind holes are arranged parallel to each other.

Embodiment 13:

Stuffing box according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein exactly two blind holes and exactly two through holes are provided.

Embodiment 14:

Stuffing box housing according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the housing body in a sectional plane parallel to at least one longitudinal axis or to at least one received in one of the through holes drive shafts forms a trough shape.

Embodiment 15:

A drive bushing, in particular for use in multi-screw extruders, comprising at least one stuffing box housing according to one of the preceding embodiments, further comprising at least two drive shaft penetrating the stuffing box housing, wherein the drive shafts are rotatably mounted in the through holes.

Embodiment 16:

Drive bushing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the drive bushing comprises at least one stuffing box, wherein the stuffing box is part of the stuffing box.

Embodiment 17:

Drive bushing according to one of the two preceding embodiments, wherein the blind holes each form packing spaces around the drive shafts, wherein the packing spaces are at least partially filled with packages.

Embodiment 18:

Drive implementation according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the packages each comprise at least one fiber composite system, in particular an aramid fiber composite system.

Embodiment 19:

Drive implementation according to one of the two preceding embodiments, wherein the packages are at least partially designed as a paste.

Embodiment 20:

Drive bushing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the paste comprises a PTFE paste, for example an aramid fiber / PTFE paste, in particular an aramid fiber / PTFE paste with 3-5% TiO ₂ .

Embodiment 21:

Drive bushing according to one of the preceding embodiments relating to a drive bushing, wherein the drive bushing further comprises at least one pair of spectacles, the eyeglasses covering the blind bores on an outer side of the stuffing box housing.

Embodiment 22:

Drive bushing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the glasses have a disc shape and at least two eyeglass holes, wherein the drive shafts are guided through the eyeglass holes.

Embodiment 23:

Drive bushing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the eyeglass holes are sealed relative to the glasses by labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals, in particular by lamellar rings containing lamellar seals and particularly preferably by lamellar seals, which lamellar rings of variable size.

Embodiment 24:

Drive bushing according to one of the three preceding embodiments, wherein the glasses are screwed to the glass body.

Embodiment 25:

Drive bushing according to one of the four preceding embodiments, wherein between the glasses and the housing body at least one sealing disc is provided, preferably held clamped between the housing body and the glasses sealing washer.

Embodiment 26:

Drive bushing according to one of the preceding, a drive bushing embodiment, wherein the through holes are sealed against the drive shafts by labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals, in particular by lamellar rings containing lamellar seals and particularly preferably by lamellar seals, which lamellar rings of variable size.

Embodiment 27:

Drive implementation according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the Labyrinth seals are connected by a housing-side glasses with the housing body.

Embodiment 28:

Drive bushing according to one of the preceding, a drive bushing relating embodiment, wherein the drive bushing further comprises at least one temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor at least partially penetrates the drive bushing.

Embodiment 29:

Drive bushing according to the preceding embodiment, wherein the temperature sensor has at least one arranged on an outer side of the drive bushing connection.

Embodiment 30:

Drive implementation according to one of the preceding, a drive implementation relevant embodiments, further comprising at least one control direction, wherein the control direction is adapted to monitor by means of the at least one temperature sensor at least one temperature of the drive implementation.

Embodiment 31:

A multi-screw extruder comprising at least two extruder screws, further comprising at least one drive bushing according to one of the preceding embodiments relating to the drive bushing, wherein the extruder screws are drivable by the drive shafts.

Embodiment 32:

• a) Bereitstellen des Gehäusekörpers;
• b) Einführen der Antriebswellen in die Durchgangsbohrungen;
• c) Einbringen von Packungen in die Blindbohrungen, so dass die Packungen jeweils einen die Antriebswellen teilweise umschließenden Packungsraum zumindest teilweise ausfüllen; und
• d) Andrehen der Antriebswellen, wobei die Packungen homogen in den jeweiligen Packungsräumen verteilt werden.

A method for producing a drive bushing according to one of the preceding embodiments relating to driving, comprising the following steps:

• a) providing the housing body;
• b) inserting the drive shafts in the through holes;
• c) introducing packings into the blind bores, so that the packs at least partially fill a packing space partially enclosing the drive shafts; and
• d) Turning the drive shafts, wherein the packages are distributed homogeneously in the respective packing spaces.

Embodiment 33:

• e) Nachfüllen mindestens einer der Packungen über mindestens eine Einspritzbohrung.

Method according to the preceding embodiment, further comprising the following step:

• e) refilling at least one of the packs via at least one injection bore.

The proposed devices and the proposed method have numerous advantages over known devices and methods. In particular, the multi-screw extruder despite a small space available and despite a strong shaft movement of the drive shafts create a seal that allows long service life, minimal leaks and operation in an explosion-proof area.

Brief description of the figures

Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, in particular in conjunction with the subclaims. In this case, the respective features can be implemented on their own or in combination with one another. The invention is not limited to the embodiments. The embodiments are shown schematically in the figures. The same reference numerals in the individual figures designate the same or functionally identical or with respect to their functions corresponding elements.

In detail show:

1A to 1C a sectional view ( 1A ), a top view ( 1B ) and a rear view ( 1C ) of a preferred embodiment of a stuffing box according to the invention; and

2A to 2C a sectional view ( 2A ), a top view ( 2 B ) and a rear view ( 2C ) of a preferred embodiment of a drive implementation according to the invention.

Description of the embodiments

The 1A to 1C show a sectional view ( 1A ), a top view ( 1B ) and a rear view ( 1C ) of a preferred embodiment of a stuffing box 110 , The stuffing box 110 comprises at least one housing body 112 with at least two the housing body 112 penetrating and staggered through holes 114 for receiving cylindrical drive shafts, which are not shown in this illustration and which are not part of the stuffing box 110 are. Furthermore, the gland housing includes 110 at least two in the housing body 112 introduced blind holes 116 , One of each blind holes 116 is each one of the through holes 114 assigned. The blind holes 116 form at least one packing room 118 for receiving in each case at least one packing of a stuffing box for sealing the respective drive shaft. The blind holes 116 are each eccentric to the through holes 114 arranged.

The through holes 114 and the blind holes 116 can be cylindrical holes. Exactly two blind holes 116 and exactly two through holes 114 can be provided. However, another number is possible. The through holes 114 and the blind holes 116 can be arranged parallel to each other. In principle, however, a slight deviation from a parallel arrangement is possible.

The blind holes 116 can each have a greater distance in pairs than the assigned through holes 114 , In particular, two of the blind holes 116 have a distance d1 from each other. The blind holes 116 associated through holes 114 can have a distance d2 from each other. The ratio ε = d1 / d2 can define an eccentricity factor. For example, the stuffing box 110 have an eccentricity of 1.5. Other values are possible, with reference to the above description.

The blind holes 116 may be configured such that they are in a sectional plane 120 perpendicular to at least one longitudinal axis 122 at least one of the drive shafts does not overlap. Also, an arrangement in which the blind holes 116 overlap, but is basically conceivable. The cutting plane 120 can, for example, the blind holes 116 penetrate. An example of such a cutting plane 120 , which is a virtual level, is in 1A shown in dashed lines. Between at least two of the blind holes 116 can a jetty 124 remain, preferably between all possible pairs of blind holes 116 , The jetty 124 may have a width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably a width of at least 0.8 mm and more preferably a width of at least 1.0 mm.

One of the blind holes 116 can so to their assigned through hole 114 be arranged that the blind bore 116 and the through hole 114 in an axial direction along the longitudinal axis of extension 122 offset from one another. One of the blind holes 116 can directly to the respective assigned through hole 114 adjoin. Furthermore, the blind holes 116 an outside 126 of the stuffing box 110 to assign. The through holes 114 can be an inside 128 of the stuffing box 110 to assign.

The stuffing box 110 can continue drilling 130 which are arranged to the housing body 112 to screw with other components, for example, one based on the 2A to 2C below explained in more detail glasses 138 ,

Furthermore, in a floor 131 of the stuffing box 110 , as in 1A recognizable, a depression 133 be provided, in which later a housing-side glasses 139 can be included, which, for example, in 2A is recognizable and which, for example, from a metallic material, such as stainless steel, or alternatively, or additionally, from another material such as a plastic and / or a ceramic, may be made. The housing side glasses 139 For example, by means of screwing in holes 135 on the housing body 112 be fixed. Overall, the housing body 112 thus, for example, in a sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axes 122 , as in 1A shown, having a trough shape, wherein the trough, for example by means of protruding flanges 137 over the holes 129 can be fixed to other components, such as a housing of a multi-screw extruder.

2A to 2C show a sectional view ( 2A ), a top view ( 2 B ) and a rear view ( 2C ) of a drive bushing according to the invention 132 , which is part of a multi-screw extruder 140 can be. The extruder screws of the multi-screw extruder 140 are not shown here.

The drive implementation 132 includes at least one stuffing box housing 110 , The stuffing box 110 can the embodiment according to the 1A to 1C correspond largely to the description of the 1A to 1C can be referred to above. The drive implementation 132 can have at least one stuffing box 134 include. The stuffing box 110 can be part of the stuffing box 134 be. The drive implementation 132 further includes at least two of the stuffing box 110 penetrating drive shafts 136 , The drive shafts 136 are in the through holes 114 rotatably mounted.

The blind holes 116 can each pack rooms 118 around the drive shafts 136 form. The packing rooms 118 At least partially with packs 142 filled out. The packs 142 In particular, in each case at least one fiber composite system, in particular an aramid fiber composite system, comprise. The packs 142 may be at least partially configured as a paste. For example, the paste may comprise a PTFE paste.

The drive implementation 132 can still have at least one pair of glasses 138 exhibit. The glasses 138 can the blind holes 116 on an outside 126 of the stuffing box 110 cover. The glasses 138 may in particular have a disc shape and at least two eyeglass holes 144 , The drive shafts 136 can through the glasses holes 144 be guided. The glasses bores 144 can be compared to the glasses 138 through labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals 146 be sealed. In particular, the eyeglass holes 144 opposite the glasses 138 lamellar rings containing lamellar rings 146 and particularly preferably by lamella seals 146 which lamellar rings 145 have changing size, be sealed. The glasses 138 can continue with the case body 112 be bolted. Between the glasses 138 and the housing body 112 can have at least one gasket 148 be provided. Preferably, one between the housing body 112 and the glasses 138 clamped held washer 148 be provided.

Furthermore, the through holes 114 opposite the drive shafts 136 through labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals 146 be sealed, in particular by lamellar rings 145 containing lamellar seals and particularly preferably by lamella seals 146 which lamellar rings 145 have changing size and / or which comb-like interlock.

The drive implementation 132 can still have at least one temperature sensor 150 exhibit. The temperature sensor 150 can the drive implementation 132 at least partially penetrate. The at least one temperature sensor 150 For example, with at least one control device 152 be connected, for the purpose of temperature monitoring.

Furthermore, the drive implementation 132 at least one injection hole 154 which is arranged to refill the pack 142 to enable. The injection hole 154 For example, on the glasses 138 be arranged and the glasses 138 and / or the sealing washer 148 completely penetrate. Furthermore, the injection hole 154 in particular have a cylindrical cross-section.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

110

stuffing box

112

housing body

114

Through holes

116

blind holes

118

packing space

120

cutting plane

122

Longitudinal axis of extension

124

web

126

outside

128

inside

129

drilling

130

drilling

131

ground

132

Drive Through

133

deepening

134

gland

135

drilling

136

drive shaft

137

flange

138

glasses

139

housing-side glasses

140

Multi-screw extruder

142

pack

144

glasses holes

145

Lamellenringe

146

Labyrinth seal and / or lamellar seal

148

sealing washer

150

temperature sensor

152

control device

154

Injection hole

Claims (15)

Stuffing box housing ( 110 ), in particular for use in multi-screw extruders ( 140 ), comprising at least one housing body ( 112 ) with at least two the housing body ( 112 ) passing through and staggered through holes ( 114 ) for receiving cylindrical drive shafts ( 136 ), further comprising at least two in the housing body ( 112 ) blind bores ( 116 ), whereby in each case one of the blind bores ( 116 ) one of the through holes ( 114 ), wherein the blind bores ( 116 ) at least one packaging space ( 118 ) for receiving at least one package ( 142 ) of a stuffing box ( 134 ) for sealing the respective drive shaft ( 136 ), whereby the blind bores ( 116 ) each eccentric to the associated through holes ( 114 ) are arranged. Stuffing box housing ( 110 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the blind bores ( 116 ) in each case in pairs have a greater distance than the associated through-holes ( 114 ). Stuffing box housing ( 110 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two of the blind bores ( 116 ) have a distance d1 from each other, whereby these blind holes ( 116 ) associated through holes ( 114 ) have a distance d2 from each other, wherein the ratio ε = d1 / d2 defines an eccentricity factor, where ε ≥ 1.1. Stuffing box housing ( 110 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein ε has a value of 1.1 to 2.5. Stuffing box housing ( 110 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between at least two of the blind bores ( 116 ) a footbridge ( 124 ) remains. Stuffing box housing ( 110 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the web ( 124 ) has a width of at least 0.5 mm. Drive execution ( 132 ), in particular for use in multi-screw extruders ( 140 ) comprising at least one stuffing box housing ( 110 ) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least two of the stuffing box housings ( 110 ) penetrating drive shafts ( 136 ), wherein the drive shafts ( 136 ) in the through holes ( 114 ) are rotatably mounted. Drive execution ( 132 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the blind bores ( 116 ) each packaging space ( 118 ) around the drive shafts ( 136 ), the packaging spaces ( 118 ) at least partially with packs ( 142 ) are filled out. Drive execution ( 132 ) according to one of the preceding, a drive implementation ( 132 ), wherein the drive execution ( 132 ) at least one pair of glasses ( 138 ), the glasses ( 138 ) the blind holes ( 116 ) on an outside ( 126 ) of the stuffing box housing ( 110 ) covers. Drive execution ( 132 ) according to the preceding claim, wherein the spectacles ( 138 ) has a disc shape and at least two eyeglass bores ( 144 ), wherein the drive shafts ( 136 ) through the eyeglass bores ( 144 ), wherein the eyeglass bores ( 144 ) opposite the glasses ( 138 ) by labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals ( 146 ) are sealed. Drive execution ( 132 ) according to one of the preceding, a drive implementation ( 132 ), wherein the through holes ( 114 ) against the drive shafts ( 136 ) by labyrinth seals and / or lamellar seals ( 146 ) are sealed. Drive execution ( 132 ) according to one of the preceding, a drive implementation ( 132 ), wherein the drive execution ( 132 ) at least one temperature sensor ( 154 ), wherein the temperature sensor ( 154 ) the drive implementation ( 132 ) at least partially penetrates. Multi-screw extruder ( 140 ), comprising at least two extruder screws, further comprising at least one drive implementation ( 132 ) according to one of the preceding, a drive implementation ( 132 ), wherein the extruder screws through the drive shafts ( 136 ) are drivable. Method for producing a drive bushing ( 132 ) according to one of the preceding, a drive implementation ( 132 ), comprising the following steps: a) providing the housing body ( 112 ); b) inserting the drive shafts ( 136 ) in the through holes ( 114 ); c) introduction of packages ( 142 ) in the blind holes ( 116 ), so that the packs ( 142 ) one each the drive shafts ( 136 ) partially enclosing packing space ( 118 ) at least partially complete; and d) turning the drive shafts ( 136 ), the packages ( 142 ) homogeneously in the respective packing spaces ( 118 ). Method according to the preceding claim, further comprising the following step: e) refilling at least one of the packages ( 142 ) via at least one injection hole.

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