DE102015208900A1 - Holographic-optical element and method for producing a holographic-optical element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a holographic-optical element (100). In this case, the method has a step of forming a carrier element (120) on a photopolymer film element (110) by primary forming. Here, the photopolymer sheet member (110) comprises a photosensitive polymer material (112).

Description

State of the art

The invention is based on a device or a method according to the preamble of the independent claims. The subject of the present invention is also a computer program.

One possibility for producing optical functions such as steel deflection, beam shaping or beam splitting in components may consist of holographic-optical elements (HOE). For example, the HOEs can be laminated between two glass plates or plastic plates for protection.

The WO 2005/044537 A1 discloses a method of manufacturing injection molded plastic products and an integrated updating system.

Disclosure of the invention

Against this background, with the approach presented here, a method for producing a holographic-optical element, a holographic-optical element, furthermore a device which uses this method, and finally a corresponding computer program according to the main claims are presented. The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the independent claim device are possible.

In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, environmentally resistant holographic-optical elements and, in particular, a method for producing environmentally-resistant holographic-optical elements (HOE) can be provided. A production of such resistant HOE, for example, by prototyping a protective support to a photopolymer component, in particular by injection molding by full-surface or partial injection molding of the photopolymer component. Embodiments of the present invention may be used, for example, for a variety of optical components, optical systems, such as head-up displays in vehicles, and many variations.

Advantageously, according to embodiments of the present invention, in particular a simple, fast and cost-effective production of optical elements, such as, for example, mirrors, lenses or projection surfaces, can be achieved by means of holography. Holographic-optical elements (HOE) can be provided which, for example, have increased resistance to environmental influences as well as functional integration of e.g. B. may have fasteners. In particular, a mechanical pressure relief for the photopolymer component can be achieved by means of a carrier element integrally molded onto the photopolymer component by prototyping, so that an exposed photopolymer can be protected from mechanical stress in a simple manner. In particular, holographic films can be provided by material-saving processing with a support element.

Since in many optical systems, such as head-up displays, an available space for a beam path space can be limited, it is particularly possible to reduce a required space by using a holographic-optical element (HOE) according to embodiments of the present invention a function of large-volume, three-dimensional components in a thin, quasi-two-dimensional surface of the HOE can be realized. In addition, the HOE can also be positioned at locations with significantly different incidence and deflection angles. Furthermore, by using the HOE, a weight of optical systems can be reduced. In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, mechanical fastening elements can also be attached to the HOE in one work step or integrated with the HOE without impairing an optical function. Further, an HOE made by carrying out a method according to embodiments of the present invention may have improved resistance to environmental influences such that use with free accessibility and, additionally or alternatively, cleaning of the HOE may be enabled.

A method for producing a holographic-optical element is presented, the method comprising the following step:

Molding a support member to a photopolymer sheet member by master molding, the photopolymer sheet member comprising a photosensitive polymer material.

This method can be implemented, for example, in software or hardware or in a mixed form of software and hardware, for example in a device. The photopolymer film element and the carrier element can be bonded together in a material-bonding manner in the step of molding. Under a prototypes can be understood the design of a previously non-existent element of a starting material. The photopolymer film member may comprise a photopolymer film coated with the photosensitive polymer material or comprising the photosensitive polymer material. Optionally, the photopolymer film element may also be a lacquer layer which is applied to the photopolymer film and the photosensitive polymer material. The support member may include at least one attachment portion for fixing the holographic-optical element in a system.

According to one embodiment, in the step of molding, the photopolymer film element can be injection-molded or injection-molded at least partially with the carrier element and additionally or alternatively back-injected. More specifically, a material for patterning the carrier element may be applied to at least a portion of a surface of the photopolymer film element. Such an embodiment offers the advantage that a gentle treatment of the photopolymer film element can be achieved. It can hereby be produced in a cost-effective and stable manner in one step, the carrier element and attached to the photopolymer film element.

Also, in the step of molding, a synthetic polymer material may be molded to the photopolymer sheet member. The carrier element may in this case be formed from the synthetic polymer material. Such an embodiment offers the advantage that a mechanical protection for the photopolymer film element can be realized by the carrier element inexpensively, inexpensively and with suitably selectable material properties.

Further, the method may include a step of treating the photopolymer sheet member in a molding area in which the backing member is molded to prepare adhesion of the backing member to the photopolymer sheet member. In this case, the photopolymer film element can be treated or pretreated in the molding area by means of plasma, laser, a primer or the like. Such an embodiment offers the advantage that an adhesion or adhesion between the support member and the photopolymer sheet member can be enhanced or promoted.

In addition, the method can have a step of applying at least one lacquer layer to the photopolymer film element and additionally or alternatively the carrier element. In this case, in the step of applying a paint can be applied, which may have, for example, a scratch-proof paint, a clearcoat or the like. The application step can be carried out, for example, by dipping, spin coating or spin coating, flooding or the like. Such an embodiment has the advantage that protection of the photopolymer film, the photopolymer film element or the holographic-optical element from environmental influences and mechanical action can be realized in a simple and gentle manner.

In this case, the application step can be carried out before and additionally or alternatively after the molding step. Such an embodiment offers the advantage that the photopolymer film element or the holographic-optical element can be safely and reliably protected from being affected from the outside.

In one embodiment, the method may include a step of generating an optical function of an optical device in the photosensitive polymeric material of the photopolymer film element. Here, in the step of generating, the photosensitive polymer material of the photopolymer film member may be exposed to form a hologram or a dummy space. Such an embodiment offers the advantage that a space-saving optical device can be provided.

The method may further include a step of providing the photopolymer sheet member. In this case, the step of providing can be carried out before the step of molding. In particular, the providing step may be performed before and additionally or alternatively after the applying step. Also, the providing step may be performed before and additionally or alternatively after the handling step. Further, the step of providing may be performed before and additionally or alternatively after the step of generating.

A holographic-optical element is also presented which has the following features:
a photopolymer sheet member coated with a photosensitive polymer material or having a photosensitive polymer material; and
a carrier element, which is formed by prototyping on the photopolymer film element.

The holographic-optical element may be or may be manufactured by carrying out an embodiment of the above-mentioned method. Thus, an embodiment of the above method is practicable to fabricate the holographic-optical element.

The approach presented here also creates a device that is designed to perform the steps of a variant of a method presented here in appropriate facilities to drive or implement. Also by this embodiment of the invention in the form of a device, the object underlying the invention can be solved quickly and efficiently.

In the present case, a device can be understood as meaning an electrical device which processes sensor signals and in dependence thereon Outputs control and / or data signals. The device may have an interface, which may be formed in hardware and / or software. In the case of a hardware-based embodiment, the interfaces can be part of a so-called system ASIC, for example, which contains a wide variety of functions of the device. However, it is also possible that the interfaces are their own integrated circuits or at least partially consist of discrete components. In a software training, the interfaces may be software modules that are present, for example, on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.

Also of advantage is a computer program product or computer program with program code which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier or storage medium such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and for carrying out, implementing and / or controlling the steps of the method according to one of the embodiments described above is used, especially when the program product or program is executed on a computer or a device.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. It shows:

1 a schematic sectional view of a holographic-optical element according to an embodiment;

2 a schematic perspective view of a holographic-optical element according to an embodiment;

3 a schematic sectional view of the holographic-optical element 2 ;

4 a schematic sectional view of a holographic-optical element according to an embodiment; and

5 a flowchart of a method of manufacturing according to an embodiment.

In the following description of favorable embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and similar acting, with a repeated description of these elements is omitted.

First, however, the basics of optical devices and the like will be discussed. Optical components, such as projection screens or mirrors made of plastic, can be produced in particular in several successive process steps. For this purpose, for example, first by an injection molding or injection compression molding on an injection molding blanks are molded. These can be coated in a subsequent process step, in particular in a separate coating plant in a high vacuum, with an optical layer system. Another possibility for producing optical functions such as steel deflection, beam shaping or beam splitting in components are holographic films. Holographic films are embodied, for example, as thin, transparent films with a photosensitive polymer into which a dummy space or even a moving dummy space can or may be exposed. Depending on their exposure, holographic films can manipulate the light, so that similar to real, optically effective body directed light rays as with mirrors or lenses can be bent and diffracted. To protect against environmental influences, the holographic foils can be laminated, for example, between two glass plates or plastic plates.

1 shows a schematic sectional view of a holographic-optical element 100 according to an embodiment. The holographic-optical element 100 (HOE) has a photopolymer film element 110 on. The photopolymer film element 110 has a photosensitive polymer material 112 or photopolymer material and a photopolymer film 114 or foil 114 on. Here is the slide 114 on a major surface thereof with the photosensitive polymer material 112 coated. Thus, the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the foil 114 executed as a layer stack.

According to the in 1 Illustrated embodiment of the present invention comprises the photopolymer film element 110 also a lacquer layer 116 on. Here are the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the foil 114 from the paint layer 116 surrounded or enveloped. Here is the paint layer 116 formed to the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the foil 114 To seal against an environment and / or protect against environmental influences.

Further, the holographic-optical element has 100 a carrier element 120 on. The carrier element 120 is with the holographic-optical element 100 connected. Specifically, the carrier element 120 by master molding to the photopolymer film element 110 formed. In this case, the support element 120 on sides or adjacent to the film 114 the photopolymer film element 110 arranged. Thus, the film is 114 between the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the carrier element 120 arranged. In particular, the carrier element 120 molded from a synthetic polymer material.

According to the in 1 illustrated embodiment of the present invention comprises the carrier element 120 for example, two attachment sections 122 on, which is integral with the carrier element 120 are formed.

Based on 1 hereinafter, a production of the holographic-optical element will be described 100 explained. For example, first with the photopolymer 112 coated film 114 described and fixed with a hologram. Thereafter, the photopolymer film element becomes 110 with the described and fixed hologram with the lacquer layer 116 , for example, with a protective scratch-resistant coating or the like, coated. Dipping has proven to be one of several suitable coating methods, since in this case a homogeneous lacquer layer 116 can be generated. But other coating methods, such as spin coating or spin coating or flooding, are suitable and conceivable, for example. The applied layer thickness lacquer layer 116 For example, it is in the range of 1 micron to 30 microns, more preferably in the range of 10 microns to 20 microns. Through the protective lacquer layer 116 For example, a sensitivity of the HOE 100 reduces and handling the HOE 100 simplified.

Exemplary lacquer systems are, for example, polysiloxane lacquers or lacquers based on acrylate, urethane acrylate or the like. As an alternative coating medium for scratch-resistant coatings, for example, clearcoats come into question. In this case, solvent-containing one-component or two-component clearcoats, water-dilutable one-component or two-component clearcoats or aqueous powder clearcoat slurries can be used.

In a further step, the coated film 114 or the photopolymer film element 110 with photosensitive polymer material 112 , Foil 114 and varnish layer 116 at least on a film-side main surface surface, at least part of the surface, for example over the entire surface, in particular injection-molded behind in the injection-compression molding process. With the help of pressure and temperature sensors in the mold as well as sensors for embossing gap monitoring, the injection-compression molding process can be precisely controlled. In addition to injection-compression molding, it is also possible to use other production processes, such as reaction injection molding (RIM) for polyurethane-based or acrylate-based thermoset plastics or injection molding of liquid silicone.

To reinforce or increase adhesion between the plastic to be back-injected of the support element 120 and the foil 114 the photopolymer film element 110 can be the appropriate side of the slide 114 , where the film 114 also with the varnish layer 116 may be coated immediately before the back molding or molding of the support element 120 be pre-treated with plasma, provided with a laser structure or a primer can be applied.

2 shows a schematic perspective view of a holographic-optical element 100 according to an embodiment. The holographic-optical element 100 corresponds to the in 1 shown holographic-optical element except that the in 2 shown carrier element 120 in the form of a frame to the photopolymer film element 110 is molded or molded. Thus, the photopolymer film element is 110 with a frame-shaped carrier element 120 molded.

From the holographic-optical element 100 are in 2 Due to the presentation, only a portion of the photopolymer film element 110 and the carrier element 120 with the attachment sections 122 shown. On the holographic-optical element 100 according to the in 2 Illustrated embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to 3 further elaborated.

3 shows a schematic sectional view of the holographic-optical element 100 out 2 , Here, the holographic-optical element is off 2 for the representation in 3 through both attachment sections 122 shown cut through. In the presentation of 3 it can be seen that the photopolymer film element 110 the photosensitive polymer material 112 , the foil 114 and the paint layer 116 having. Here, similar to the case of the photopolymer film element 110 out 1 , a size stack of the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the foil 114 at least partially from the paint layer 116 surround. The shaped as a frame carrier element 120 with the attachment sections 122 is an edge portion of the photopolymer sheet member 110 encompassing the photopolymer film element 110 formed.

4 shows a schematic sectional view of a holographic-optical element 100 according to an embodiment. The holographic-optical element 100 corresponds to the in 1 shown holographic-optical element with the exception that the carrier element 120 directly to the film 114 the photopolymer film element 110 is formed, wherein the photopolymer film element 110 only the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the foil 114 having a lacquer layer 430 on the photopolymer film element 110 and the molded support member 120 is applied. Thus, a layer stack of the photopolymer film element 110 and the carrier element 120 with the paint layer 430 surround. In the layer stack is the film 114 between the photosensitive polymer material 112 and the carrier element 120 arranged.

Based on 4 hereinafter, a production of the holographic-optical element will be described 100 explained. In particular, first with the photopolymer 112 coated film 114 described and fixed with a hologram. Thereafter, the described and fixed photopolymer sheet element 110 flat, in particular at least partially, for example, over the entire surface in the injection-compression molding process with the support element 120 back-molded. According to another embodiment, alternatively, the carrier element 120 as a frame around the photopolymer sheet element 110 be sprayed.

Due to a pressure sensitivity of the photopolymer film element 110 in this state, in particular, materials of low melt viscosity are used for back molding. An in-mold pressure of an injection molding tool may be at a maximum value of about 60 bar to lattice structures of the exposed photopolymer 112 to protect or protect. An integrated pressure sensor of the injection mold can transmit current values to a machine control, which can be regulated accordingly.

To reinforce or increase adhesion between the plastic to be back-injected of the support element 120 and the foil 114 the photopolymer film element 110 can be the appropriate side of the slide 114 in particular immediately before the back molding or molding of the support element 120 be pre-treated with plasma, provided with a laser structure or a primer can be applied. In particular, the film 114 and the carrier element 120 formed from the same material or a similar material. On the photopolymer film element 110 and the molded support member 120 then becomes the paint layer 430 applied. For example, the photopolymer film element becomes 110 and the molded support member 120 coated in the dipping process or the like with one of the above-mentioned coatings.

5 shows a flowchart of a method 500 for manufacturing according to an embodiment. The procedure 500 for making is executable to produce a holographic-optical element. In particular, the method 500 for making executable to a holographic-optical element of one of 1 to 4 or to produce a similar holographic-optical element.

The procedure 500 has a step 510 the molding of a carrier element to a photopolymer film element by prototyping. The photopolymer film element in this case has a photosensitive polymer material. It is in the step 510 the molding, the photopolymer film element, for example, by injection molding or injection-compression molding at least partially overmolded with the carrier element and / or back-injected.

According to one embodiment, the method 500 to make a step as well 520 treating the photopolymer film element in a molding area, in which the carrier element is formed. The step 520 the treatment is carried out to enhance adhesion of the support member to the photopolymer sheet member. Thus, the step becomes 520 treating before the step 510 of the molding performed.

According to one embodiment, the method 500 for making a further step 530 the application of at least one lacquer layer to the photopolymer film element and / or the carrier element. This is the step 530 applying before the step 510 of forming, optionally also before the step 520 of treating. Thus, a holographic-optical element of one of 1 to 3 produced. Additionally or alternatively, the step 530 applying after the step 510 of the molding carried out. Will the step 530 applying only after the step 510 of the molding, the holographic-optical element is made 4 produced.

Optionally, the procedure indicates 500 for making a step in addition 540 generating an optical function of an optical device in the photosensitive polymer material of the photopolymer film element. The step 540 generating is done before the step 510 of forming, before the step 520 treating and / or before the step 530 carried out applying.

If an exemplary embodiment comprises a "and / or" link between a first feature and a second feature, then this is to be read so that the embodiment according to one embodiment, both the first feature and the second feature and according to another embodiment either only first feature or only the second feature.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2005/044537 A1 [0003]

Claims (9)

Procedure ( 500 ) for producing a holographic-optical element ( 100 ), the process ( 500 ) comprises the following step: molding ( 510 ) of a carrier element ( 120 ) to a photopolymer film element ( 110 ) by primary molding, wherein the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) a photosensitive polymer material ( 112 ) having. Procedure ( 500 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that in step ( 510 ) of molding the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) by injection molding or injection-compression molding at least partially with the carrier element ( 120 ) and / or injected behind. Procedure ( 500 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in step ( 510 ) of molding a synthetic polymer material to the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) is formed. Procedure ( 500 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a step ( 520 ) of treating the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) in an Anformbereich in which the support element ( 120 ) is molded to prevent adhesion of the carrier element ( 120 ) on the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) to reinforce. Procedure ( 500 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a step ( 530 ) applying at least one lacquer layer ( 116 ; 430 ) onto the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) and / or the carrier element ( 120 ). Procedure ( 500 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that the step ( 530 ) applying before and / or after the molding step ( 510 ) is performed. Procedure ( 500 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a step ( 540 ) of generating an optical function of an optical device in the photosensitive polymer material ( 112 ) of the photopolymer film element ( 110 ). Holographic-optical element ( 100 ), comprising: a photopolymer film element ( 110 ) which is a photosensitive polymer material ( 112 ) having; and a carrier element ( 120 ) formed by primary molding on the photopolymer film element ( 110 ) is formed. Device that is set up, the method ( 500 ) according to any one of the preceding claims and / or to control.

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